1 00:00:13,680 --> 00:00:16,517 [Paula] I walk outside and I see typography everywhere. 2 00:00:20,896 --> 00:00:22,898 New York City is a city of signs. 3 00:00:24,691 --> 00:00:26,360 Sometimes things written by hand, 4 00:00:27,069 --> 00:00:28,070 mismatched, 5 00:00:28,570 --> 00:00:30,155 hung up in some peculiar way. 6 00:00:31,490 --> 00:00:34,535 You think, "Oh my God, can I get up there and please readjust that sign? 7 00:00:34,618 --> 00:00:36,537 That's just absolutely awful!" 8 00:00:37,204 --> 00:00:41,416 The way numbers are on doors. No two the same down the block. 9 00:00:42,834 --> 00:00:45,546 All messages are different, and they're everywhere. 10 00:00:47,548 --> 00:00:50,801 Typography is painting with words. 11 00:00:52,302 --> 00:00:53,679 That's my biggest high. 12 00:00:54,179 --> 00:00:55,556 It's my crack. 13 00:00:55,639 --> 00:00:57,140 [funky music playing] 14 00:01:05,440 --> 00:01:08,944 [Lupton] Paula Scher is the goddess of graphic design. 15 00:01:10,028 --> 00:01:12,239 Her stuff is everywhere! 16 00:01:17,411 --> 00:01:19,621 [Bierut] Paula's been able to come up with 17 00:01:19,705 --> 00:01:23,166 more ways to make type talk than anyone else, 18 00:01:23,250 --> 00:01:26,378 and to create a distinctive body of work just with letters. 19 00:02:20,682 --> 00:02:22,309 [Paula] When I go to work every day, 20 00:02:22,809 --> 00:02:27,230 I feel like I'm navigating myself through a maze. 21 00:02:27,314 --> 00:02:28,732 -Hey. -[colleague] How are you? 22 00:02:33,278 --> 00:02:35,697 Look at this! A real type book! 23 00:02:36,406 --> 00:02:38,742 -Can you bring this to Courtney? -[colleague] Yeah. 24 00:02:38,825 --> 00:02:41,244 [Paula] I sit nose to nose with my partners. 25 00:02:41,328 --> 00:02:42,871 My team is on the fourth floor. 26 00:02:42,954 --> 00:02:45,207 I have to run up and down steps to see them. 27 00:02:45,290 --> 00:02:48,043 I actually like this. I think you should move 'em lower. 28 00:02:48,543 --> 00:02:49,753 It's very quick paced. 29 00:02:49,836 --> 00:02:51,963 You're seeing something that looks like this. 30 00:02:52,047 --> 00:02:54,299 I'm solving things on scraps of paper. 31 00:02:55,133 --> 00:02:57,135 Starting something, getting interrupted... 32 00:02:57,219 --> 00:02:58,512 -[colleague] Paula? -Yeah? 33 00:02:58,595 --> 00:03:00,138 The interruption is great. 34 00:03:00,222 --> 00:03:04,184 I like the way the icons also interrelate with the thing. 35 00:03:04,267 --> 00:03:06,603 Pentagram is a design cooperative. 36 00:03:06,686 --> 00:03:08,563 There's the benefit of a large firm, 37 00:03:08,647 --> 00:03:10,941 but everybody gets to act like they're an individual. 38 00:03:11,650 --> 00:03:14,069 There's no boss. Just friends. 39 00:03:14,694 --> 00:03:18,407 [Bierut] Pentagram's a supergroup of the most famous designers in the world 40 00:03:18,490 --> 00:03:20,242 doing the best work in the world. 41 00:03:20,325 --> 00:03:25,372 It's like an all-star team, and Paula is the indispensable player on that team. 42 00:03:25,956 --> 00:03:27,791 That one's my favorite so far. 43 00:03:27,874 --> 00:03:30,419 [Bierut] We all have our own individual style, 44 00:03:30,502 --> 00:03:31,837 individual way of working. 45 00:03:33,964 --> 00:03:37,551 [Paula] I could never walk into an office and sit down at my desk to design, 46 00:03:37,634 --> 00:03:38,927 I would accomplish nothing. 47 00:03:39,761 --> 00:03:41,930 I can sit down at my desk to read my e-mail. 48 00:03:42,514 --> 00:03:43,807 You go through your junk mail... 49 00:03:43,890 --> 00:03:44,725 A lot of crap. 50 00:03:44,808 --> 00:03:47,227 You throw it all out, you make a little order on your desk, 51 00:03:47,811 --> 00:03:50,814 and then you go, "Oh, my God, how am I going to solve this problem?" 52 00:03:52,858 --> 00:03:54,276 Then, you walk up the stairs, 53 00:03:54,359 --> 00:03:57,571 go into the ladies' room, put on your lipstick and figure it out. 54 00:04:01,867 --> 00:04:02,701 [colleague] It's... 55 00:04:02,784 --> 00:04:05,620 I love it like that. It's very slurpy. 56 00:04:05,704 --> 00:04:07,497 -Slurpy, yeah. -Don't you think? 57 00:04:07,581 --> 00:04:08,540 Yeah, I like that. 58 00:04:08,999 --> 00:04:12,002 [Paula] Ideas can be triggered by working with my team. 59 00:04:12,085 --> 00:04:13,253 [Paula] ...optical illusion. 60 00:04:13,336 --> 00:04:16,757 I see more than I would see if I was just doing it all by myself. 61 00:04:16,840 --> 00:04:17,966 It's fantastic. 62 00:04:18,467 --> 00:04:22,137 I think that you have to make "Girls" and "Boys" the same weight, 63 00:04:22,220 --> 00:04:24,389 with the exception of the pointy things. 64 00:04:24,473 --> 00:04:27,726 And then figure out how the other type intersects. 65 00:04:27,809 --> 00:04:29,561 And then we gotta figure out color. 66 00:04:30,312 --> 00:04:34,441 We're working on the Summer Festival posters for the Public Theater. 67 00:04:34,524 --> 00:04:38,153 They put on free Shakespeare in Central Park every summer. 68 00:04:38,236 --> 00:04:43,366 So, like here it says, Taming of the Shrew inside the wrap. 69 00:04:43,450 --> 00:04:45,660 You don't have to do that work with the whole name. 70 00:04:45,744 --> 00:04:47,913 You're putting this in a kind of lozenge shape. 71 00:04:47,996 --> 00:04:50,248 -I think it'll be cool. -Yeah, it looks really fun. 72 00:04:50,332 --> 00:04:52,083 So, give it a shot! 73 00:04:57,547 --> 00:05:00,801 I've been designing for the Public Theater since 1994. 74 00:05:02,177 --> 00:05:05,597 My first project was creating an identity for the Theater. 75 00:05:06,556 --> 00:05:09,226 When they hired me, they had a name issue. 76 00:05:10,227 --> 00:05:12,646 [Wolfe] One of the things that was very challenging 77 00:05:12,729 --> 00:05:14,481 about the Public Theater, it had multiple identities: 78 00:05:14,564 --> 00:05:15,607 it was the Public Theater, 79 00:05:16,191 --> 00:05:19,277 and then some people called it the Joseph Papp Public Theater, 80 00:05:19,361 --> 00:05:21,363 and then there was Shakespeare in Central Park. 81 00:05:21,863 --> 00:05:25,283 I wanted everything to feel like it was of one. 82 00:05:25,367 --> 00:05:28,328 That it was breathing fully as an institution. 83 00:05:29,162 --> 00:05:31,248 [Paula] It had to be populous. 84 00:05:31,331 --> 00:05:36,169 I knew it had to be New Yorkish, meaning it had to be loud and proud. 85 00:05:41,967 --> 00:05:45,387 I was flipping through one of my books 86 00:05:45,470 --> 00:05:47,055 on American wood type. 87 00:05:47,138 --> 00:05:53,228 I like American wood type because it's powerful, and it has many forms. 88 00:05:54,187 --> 00:05:57,440 On this particular page were these Rs, 89 00:05:57,524 --> 00:06:01,403 and they go back to the skinniest form or to the widest form, 90 00:06:01,486 --> 00:06:07,242 and I realized I could make the word "Public" in the same kind of weights, 91 00:06:07,325 --> 00:06:10,537 and it would symbolize all of New York. 92 00:06:10,620 --> 00:06:13,540 Every type of weight was included. 93 00:06:14,583 --> 00:06:17,919 You can create an identity for a whole place 94 00:06:18,503 --> 00:06:21,047 based on a recognizability of type. 95 00:06:24,718 --> 00:06:29,556 [Wolfe] Paula's work pulled people in. You instantly knew, "The Public." 96 00:06:30,140 --> 00:06:35,312 It's a language that could be dissected, taken apart, put back together. 97 00:06:35,395 --> 00:06:38,023 That's one the things I think is thrilling about it. 98 00:06:40,483 --> 00:06:42,944 [Paula] Typography can create immense power. 99 00:06:43,778 --> 00:06:46,740 You're working with things that create character. 100 00:06:46,823 --> 00:06:48,491 You're working with weight. 101 00:06:48,575 --> 00:06:50,535 You're working with height. 102 00:06:50,994 --> 00:06:53,663 If you take an E, 103 00:06:53,747 --> 00:06:57,792 and the middle bar is the same length as the ends of the E's, 104 00:06:57,876 --> 00:07:01,880 it feels different than if the little bar is half the length of the E's. 105 00:07:02,589 --> 00:07:05,675 If you lift the little bar up higher, 106 00:07:05,759 --> 00:07:09,971 it will make the typeface look like it was drawn in the 1930s. 107 00:07:10,055 --> 00:07:12,724 The same thing as if you drop the middle bar lower, 108 00:07:12,807 --> 00:07:14,476 it will look moderne. 109 00:07:14,559 --> 00:07:19,356 If a font is heavy and bold, it may give you a feeling of immediacy. 110 00:07:19,439 --> 00:07:24,778 If a font is thin and has a serif form, it may feel classical. 111 00:07:25,528 --> 00:07:30,367 So that, before you even read it, you have sensibility and spirit. 112 00:07:30,951 --> 00:07:33,912 And that, if you combine that with a meaning, 113 00:07:34,496 --> 00:07:36,039 then that's spectacular. 114 00:07:40,210 --> 00:07:42,003 When I did the High Line logo, 115 00:07:42,087 --> 00:07:45,674 the goal was to make it look more like a railroad track than an H. 116 00:07:46,299 --> 00:07:50,136 If you take the kind of weight that might make the line for a railroad track, 117 00:07:50,220 --> 00:07:54,182 and you put two horizontal bars across it, 118 00:07:54,265 --> 00:07:56,309 it begins to look fairly industrial. 119 00:07:57,143 --> 00:07:59,145 It totally changes the spirit 120 00:07:59,229 --> 00:08:02,941 without having to create any kind of illustrative narrative. 121 00:08:20,375 --> 00:08:24,713 I used to paint my fonts by hand, when I was a young designer, 122 00:08:24,796 --> 00:08:26,548 and I really miss it. 123 00:08:28,425 --> 00:08:31,886 When we became fully computerized in the late '90s, 124 00:08:31,970 --> 00:08:34,973 I didn't touch anything and I didn't use my hands. 125 00:08:35,056 --> 00:08:39,519 In the past, I cut things up, I ripped things, I pasted things. 126 00:08:40,437 --> 00:08:42,230 I touched art supplies. 127 00:08:43,273 --> 00:08:47,652 That physical loss was huge for me, and that's why I started painting. 128 00:08:48,236 --> 00:08:50,113 Uh-oh. That's Utah. 129 00:08:50,697 --> 00:08:53,783 I deliberately began painting the maps 130 00:08:53,867 --> 00:08:57,579 because they would take me a long time to accomplish, 131 00:08:57,662 --> 00:08:59,914 in some very rote way, 132 00:08:59,998 --> 00:09:02,417 and that's actually everything that went away. 133 00:09:03,501 --> 00:09:08,339 These dotted lines are the distances between two given points 134 00:09:08,423 --> 00:09:11,134 and the background is the zip codes. 135 00:09:11,843 --> 00:09:14,429 It's not factual, it's emotional. 136 00:09:14,512 --> 00:09:17,348 Like Wyoming doesn't have very many people in it, 137 00:09:17,432 --> 00:09:19,434 but you feel it instead of know it. 138 00:09:23,438 --> 00:09:27,609 I'm not making something designed to answer questions, 139 00:09:27,692 --> 00:09:29,360 it's more a design to raise them. 140 00:09:30,570 --> 00:09:33,406 This painting is counties and zip codes. 141 00:09:35,033 --> 00:09:38,369 Why do some little states have a million counties, 142 00:09:38,453 --> 00:09:40,455 and some big states have very few? 143 00:09:43,083 --> 00:09:46,211 Now this one is a demographic map: 144 00:09:46,294 --> 00:09:49,923 average age of people, racial and ethnic breakdowns. 145 00:09:50,548 --> 00:09:53,885 To actually have any sense of it, you actually have to sit and read it. 146 00:09:53,968 --> 00:09:57,806 But, the information is equivalently complicated and ridiculous. 147 00:10:06,606 --> 00:10:10,652 I used to make complicated, nonsensical charts 148 00:10:10,735 --> 00:10:12,737 and diagrams that were satirical. 149 00:10:15,323 --> 00:10:17,534 Silly information. Fractured information. 150 00:10:17,617 --> 00:10:19,911 And I did it to make points. 151 00:10:21,496 --> 00:10:25,291 Then I started charting things that were not chartable. 152 00:10:26,292 --> 00:10:28,878 Mostly denigrating my own physical appearance. 153 00:10:30,380 --> 00:10:32,507 I find it funny. 154 00:10:32,841 --> 00:10:35,635 Sometimes they're pithy and more meaningful, 155 00:10:35,718 --> 00:10:38,388 like all my numbers on my credit cards, 156 00:10:38,471 --> 00:10:41,182 just to show how many numbers were attached to my name 157 00:10:41,266 --> 00:10:43,268 and they're in some computer somewhere. 158 00:10:44,310 --> 00:10:46,229 Later, they became political. 159 00:10:46,813 --> 00:10:48,398 Or nonsensical. 160 00:10:49,607 --> 00:10:51,943 Ultimately, it turned into my paintings. 161 00:10:53,444 --> 00:10:56,531 That one has a period, maybe they should have periods. 162 00:10:57,115 --> 00:10:58,783 [director] So Paula, these paintings, 163 00:10:58,867 --> 00:11:01,786 they seem to have a little obsessional quality to them. 164 00:11:02,662 --> 00:11:04,539 Yeah, I think they're quite obsessive. 165 00:11:05,123 --> 00:11:10,086 It's the act of weaving little bits of information to make a bigger thing. 166 00:11:10,170 --> 00:11:13,756 That's definitely stronger than that. This one needs to be stronger over here. 167 00:11:13,840 --> 00:11:15,216 It started when I was very young. 168 00:11:16,759 --> 00:11:21,347 I had this very high IQ score in something called quantitative reasoning. 169 00:11:21,431 --> 00:11:23,641 My family thought it was going to be Math, 170 00:11:23,725 --> 00:11:24,767 but it wasn't. 171 00:11:24,851 --> 00:11:27,437 It was the ability to synthesize a lot of information 172 00:11:27,520 --> 00:11:28,813 and come to a conclusion. 173 00:11:29,522 --> 00:11:30,815 A self-portrait. 174 00:11:31,274 --> 00:11:34,444 And I was happiest when I was making things. 175 00:11:34,527 --> 00:11:36,738 1956, orthopedic shoes, 176 00:11:36,821 --> 00:11:40,033 1959, developed a contempt for Girl Scouts, 177 00:11:40,116 --> 00:11:42,327 1953, discovered I'm Jewish. 178 00:11:42,410 --> 00:11:44,162 Every hairdo I ever had: 179 00:11:44,245 --> 00:11:46,497 the Blunt Cut, the Sassoon, the Shag, 180 00:11:46,581 --> 00:11:49,876 the Summer Blonde, the Platinum Blonde, the Streaked Blonde, the Reddish Blonde, 181 00:11:49,959 --> 00:11:51,169 and No Blonde. 182 00:11:52,003 --> 00:11:55,548 I didn't really fit in very well in high school. 183 00:11:56,090 --> 00:11:58,176 I mean, I was a person who went to art classes 184 00:11:58,259 --> 00:12:00,094 instead of going to the football games. 185 00:12:00,178 --> 00:12:02,180 There's something wrong with you if you do that. 186 00:12:04,933 --> 00:12:08,728 Then I was at the Tyler School of Art studying Illustration, 187 00:12:09,103 --> 00:12:12,565 and I fell in love with typography in a way I didn't expect to. 188 00:12:14,651 --> 00:12:17,195 I was influenced by contemporary culture. 189 00:12:17,278 --> 00:12:18,947 Zig-Zag rolling papers, 190 00:12:19,030 --> 00:12:20,198 Zap comics, 191 00:12:20,281 --> 00:12:23,743 underground newspapers and magazines and record covers. 192 00:12:23,826 --> 00:12:25,203 Especially record covers. 193 00:12:25,286 --> 00:12:27,914 Those were the things that I really wanted to do. 194 00:12:27,997 --> 00:12:29,123 They spoke to me. 195 00:12:36,547 --> 00:12:40,301 I got a job designing record covers at CBS Records in the '70s. 196 00:12:43,596 --> 00:12:45,348 I'd combine the illustration 197 00:12:45,431 --> 00:12:49,477 with typography that related to the illustration or contrasted it. 198 00:12:50,520 --> 00:12:54,107 [Bierut] I first became aware of Paula's name in high school in the '70s. 199 00:12:55,483 --> 00:12:57,777 I'd spend three hours in a record store. 200 00:12:57,860 --> 00:13:00,405 I'd stand at those racks and look at the covers. 201 00:13:00,488 --> 00:13:03,408 I'd be like, "Wow, I really like the way that cover looks." 202 00:13:03,491 --> 00:13:06,619 I'd turn it over and see Paula Scher's name, 203 00:13:06,703 --> 00:13:07,745 over and over again. 204 00:13:08,454 --> 00:13:12,375 [Paula] I was a kid with the best job in New York City. 205 00:13:13,167 --> 00:13:15,169 I had recording artists and their managers, 206 00:13:15,253 --> 00:13:17,380 all these people coming in and out of my office. 207 00:13:17,463 --> 00:13:20,133 And always trying to keep these balls in the air 208 00:13:20,216 --> 00:13:25,179 to get them to agree to some design and get it to come to fruition. 209 00:13:25,263 --> 00:13:26,973 And I just became very good at it. 210 00:13:34,313 --> 00:13:38,401 Big recording artists were the things the company cared about the most. 211 00:13:39,318 --> 00:13:44,198 So I would do pretty much what the recording artists wanted me to do. 212 00:13:44,282 --> 00:13:46,826 Like for example, here on this Bruce Springsteen cover. 213 00:13:46,909 --> 00:13:49,495 It was shot by a friend of his who was a butcher, 214 00:13:49,579 --> 00:13:51,956 and I put this typewriter typography on it. 215 00:13:52,040 --> 00:13:54,500 Cheap Trick was a little bit different. 216 00:13:54,584 --> 00:13:58,463 They weren't as big as Bruce Springsteen, so I had a bit more control. 217 00:13:59,047 --> 00:14:02,175 With jazz artists, they got to be a little artier. 218 00:14:02,258 --> 00:14:06,429 Like, this is a series of covers I did for Bob James's label, 219 00:14:06,512 --> 00:14:07,764 Tappan Zee Records, 220 00:14:07,847 --> 00:14:12,393 and they were all single objects that were blown up out of scale. 221 00:14:12,477 --> 00:14:14,395 My favorite was always this matchbook. 222 00:14:16,105 --> 00:14:19,025 And then, of course, the monster illustration, Boston. 223 00:14:19,734 --> 00:14:23,321 Six million copies, I think, in the first month of sales. 224 00:14:23,905 --> 00:14:25,073 It was quite something. 225 00:14:26,783 --> 00:14:30,370 They wanted it to be something futuristic, 226 00:14:30,453 --> 00:14:34,999 so we came up with this half-baked idea that the Earth was blowing up 227 00:14:35,333 --> 00:14:38,169 and all these spaceships were escaping. 228 00:14:38,252 --> 00:14:40,171 Guitar-shaped spaceships. 229 00:14:40,254 --> 00:14:43,132 And they left the planet Earth and went up in the heavens. 230 00:14:43,216 --> 00:14:46,344 [Boston's "More Than A Feeling" playing] 231 00:14:46,427 --> 00:14:50,473 ♪ When I hear that old song They used to play ♪ 232 00:14:50,556 --> 00:14:51,599 [song stops abruptly] 233 00:14:51,682 --> 00:14:53,976 The Boston cover is dumb. 234 00:14:54,560 --> 00:15:00,191 I am still mystified by how something like that really resonates in culture. 235 00:15:00,274 --> 00:15:02,193 I mean, it predated Star Wars. 236 00:15:02,276 --> 00:15:06,155 So we must have hit a zeitgeist that was about to happen. 237 00:15:06,239 --> 00:15:10,535 But when I die, it will say, "Designed the Boston cover," 238 00:15:10,618 --> 00:15:13,371 and I've lived with this horror ever since, 239 00:15:13,454 --> 00:15:15,581 and I think it may wind up being true. 240 00:15:16,290 --> 00:15:21,295 However, if nobody cared about the album, that's where I did typography. 241 00:15:21,879 --> 00:15:25,716 And that was what I liked doing most because I was the artist, 242 00:15:25,800 --> 00:15:29,762 I was the one that controlled what these things looked like. 243 00:15:29,846 --> 00:15:32,098 So, Charles Mingus, One and Two, 244 00:15:32,181 --> 00:15:34,225 and he didn't care what was on the cover. 245 00:15:34,308 --> 00:15:38,479 This was a reissue of a whole pile of Yardbird songs, 246 00:15:38,563 --> 00:15:41,566 and these things I really, really loved making. 247 00:15:44,152 --> 00:15:46,821 Over a period of four or five years, 248 00:15:47,321 --> 00:15:50,366 the typography came forward and the images moved to the background. 249 00:15:51,909 --> 00:15:54,036 I had made this radical shift 250 00:15:54,537 --> 00:15:58,291 and developed the way I would work for the next 30 years. 251 00:15:59,584 --> 00:16:03,713 I'd learned so much about typography, and became known for it. 252 00:16:11,929 --> 00:16:16,559 [Lupton] Paula was always part of popular culture, 253 00:16:16,642 --> 00:16:21,689 but bringing a unique graphic design voice to that, 254 00:16:21,772 --> 00:16:25,651 very much embodied in her use of typography. 255 00:16:28,029 --> 00:16:30,490 [Paula] Ideas come all kinds of ways. 256 00:16:32,033 --> 00:16:35,828 I get my best ideas in taxicabs, you know, like sitting in traffic, drooling. 257 00:16:40,291 --> 00:16:43,002 I'm allowing my subconscious to take over, 258 00:16:45,213 --> 00:16:47,632 so that I can free associate. 259 00:16:50,134 --> 00:16:52,011 You have to be in a state of play to design. 260 00:16:52,512 --> 00:16:55,306 If you're not in a state of play, you can't make anything. 261 00:17:07,985 --> 00:17:10,488 It should really start like almost with that bar, 262 00:17:10,571 --> 00:17:13,115 like if you drop it down about a sixteenth of an inch 263 00:17:13,199 --> 00:17:16,410 and then, when you put "Pier" on the end of it, it's really nice. 264 00:17:16,494 --> 00:17:17,495 Mm-hmm. 265 00:17:17,578 --> 00:17:20,456 This is an identity for Pier 55, 266 00:17:20,540 --> 00:17:24,252 which is the park they're building in the Hudson River. 267 00:17:24,335 --> 00:17:27,463 It is going to have three theaters on it, 268 00:17:27,547 --> 00:17:30,925 and the theaters are going to be outdoor festival spaces. 269 00:17:31,425 --> 00:17:33,219 We started working with these fives 270 00:17:33,302 --> 00:17:36,430 and some of the fives are just made up of geometric shapes 271 00:17:36,514 --> 00:17:38,933 that come from the park itself. 272 00:17:39,559 --> 00:17:43,104 For example, the forms come from the amphitheater 273 00:17:43,187 --> 00:17:45,773 and then they create the 55s. 274 00:17:46,357 --> 00:17:51,028 This notion actually came from the fact that the park sits up on these pillars. 275 00:17:51,112 --> 00:17:52,738 So these are the original sketches. 276 00:17:52,822 --> 00:17:53,823 Somewhere I knew 277 00:17:53,906 --> 00:17:57,159 that I wanted this thing to feel like it was on water or underwater. 278 00:17:57,243 --> 00:18:00,079 Built these platforms that this island's sitting on. 279 00:18:00,162 --> 00:18:02,665 This is actually a more literal translation of them here. 280 00:18:02,748 --> 00:18:05,543 And then it started to abstract and become open. 281 00:18:07,044 --> 00:18:08,254 These are really good sketches. 282 00:18:08,337 --> 00:18:09,547 [director chuckling] 283 00:18:12,925 --> 00:18:14,969 Mostly what I design are identity systems. 284 00:18:18,931 --> 00:18:21,892 They have to exist in lots, and lots, and lots of ways. 285 00:18:26,230 --> 00:18:29,442 I generally try to want to push something as far as it can be pushed. 286 00:18:31,402 --> 00:18:33,154 For me, that's the fun. 287 00:18:41,662 --> 00:18:45,416 I've started trying to create a process in the identities that I make, 288 00:18:45,499 --> 00:18:47,585 where I go back and revisit them in five or ten years, 289 00:18:47,668 --> 00:18:49,337 'cause sometimes they need tweaking. 290 00:18:51,047 --> 00:18:52,965 It's hard to make that a guess, 291 00:18:53,049 --> 00:18:56,385 and so you want to design something that can be adapted to its time. 292 00:18:58,888 --> 00:19:02,350 I've redesigned the Public Theater logo three times, and nobody even knows it. 293 00:19:02,850 --> 00:19:05,728 I've tightened it up, moved it apart, changed the font. 294 00:19:07,021 --> 00:19:09,982 I've had, like, a love affair with the Public Theater. 295 00:19:12,443 --> 00:19:15,696 When Paula did Bring in 'da Noise, Bring in 'da Funk, 296 00:19:15,780 --> 00:19:22,119 it really signaled a paradigm shift, a new moment for the Public Theater. 297 00:19:22,203 --> 00:19:23,537 [tapping] 298 00:19:27,291 --> 00:19:28,292 And I think what Paula did 299 00:19:28,376 --> 00:19:32,213 was she figured out a way, how to take what she saw on the stage 300 00:19:32,296 --> 00:19:34,548 and turn it into ink on paper. 301 00:19:34,632 --> 00:19:37,218 [tapping becomes faster] 302 00:19:37,301 --> 00:19:41,514 The type in those posters, from top to bottom, filled with words. 303 00:19:41,597 --> 00:19:45,476 It's crazy, it's in your face, it's just like New York! 304 00:19:51,607 --> 00:19:53,609 [Wolfe] Noise Funk was everywhere. 305 00:19:54,193 --> 00:19:56,987 It was aggressive, it was urban, 306 00:19:57,071 --> 00:19:59,365 it was elegant, it was evocative. 307 00:19:59,448 --> 00:20:02,493 And the Tony Award for Best Direction of a Musical goes to.... 308 00:20:03,119 --> 00:20:05,121 Bring in 'da Noise, Bring in 'da Funk! 309 00:20:05,204 --> 00:20:06,497 [cheering, applause] 310 00:20:07,164 --> 00:20:10,459 Bring in 'da Noise, Bring in 'da Funk really, really put her on the map. 311 00:20:12,253 --> 00:20:17,049 It was everywhere, and it was, like, "Holy Shit! This is really good." 312 00:20:20,344 --> 00:20:22,805 [Paula] It was awful because everybody began imitating it. 313 00:20:23,389 --> 00:20:26,225 It was like New York City ate the Public Theater's identity. 314 00:20:26,308 --> 00:20:30,438 Literally, in a matter of three to five years, it became the standard. 315 00:20:30,521 --> 00:20:31,897 It just made her crazy. 316 00:20:31,981 --> 00:20:36,610 She would be ranting around the office, saying, "Can you believe they did this?" 317 00:20:36,694 --> 00:20:37,653 [laughs] 318 00:20:37,737 --> 00:20:43,451 I had to change the theater to... not make it only that kind of typography. 319 00:20:44,744 --> 00:20:49,665 I remember I made these very dark posters that had serif typography, 320 00:20:49,749 --> 00:20:52,460 just to do something opposite to what I had done before. 321 00:20:52,543 --> 00:20:55,838 And I showed them to George Wolfe, and I was turning 50 at the time, 322 00:20:55,921 --> 00:20:58,090 and he said, "Okay, Paula is turning 50. 323 00:20:58,174 --> 00:21:00,718 Let's have a year of depressing posters." [laughs] 324 00:21:00,801 --> 00:21:02,428 [laughs] 325 00:21:02,511 --> 00:21:04,722 I'm not sure... Did I say that? 326 00:21:04,805 --> 00:21:08,017 She said I said that, that's just framed bad. 327 00:21:11,812 --> 00:21:13,355 Okay, we're having soup. 328 00:21:14,148 --> 00:21:15,149 Soup with avocado. 329 00:21:15,232 --> 00:21:16,233 [dog whines] 330 00:21:16,317 --> 00:21:17,485 [both] Go away, Mimi! 331 00:21:17,568 --> 00:21:19,737 -Watch it. -[Paula] This is not for you. 332 00:21:22,490 --> 00:21:23,491 It's bean soup. 333 00:21:23,574 --> 00:21:25,659 [Seymour] Oh, a different design this time. 334 00:21:25,743 --> 00:21:27,453 Yeah, I put an extra country in. 335 00:21:27,536 --> 00:21:29,747 Things aren't going so well in Spain. 336 00:21:29,830 --> 00:21:32,082 -What, the economy? -You can tell, look! 337 00:21:32,166 --> 00:21:33,000 Oh! [laughs] 338 00:21:33,083 --> 00:21:35,503 I thought you were telling me actual real news. 339 00:21:36,462 --> 00:21:40,049 Good doggy! She's been amazingly well behaved. 340 00:21:40,132 --> 00:21:42,968 Yeah, except for me who she attacks. 341 00:21:43,052 --> 00:21:43,886 [both laughing] 342 00:21:43,969 --> 00:21:46,430 The dog loves Paula and hates me. 343 00:21:47,723 --> 00:21:51,060 That's not true. Mimi really likes Seymour, but she jumps at him. 344 00:21:51,143 --> 00:21:53,437 -She hugs me. -Hugs you and she jumps on me. 345 00:21:53,521 --> 00:21:54,980 And she jumps and bites him. 346 00:21:56,816 --> 00:21:59,068 I learned how to pronounce Seymour's last name in school. 347 00:21:59,151 --> 00:22:02,780 I thought it was funny. I thought it was a funny-sounding name. 348 00:22:02,863 --> 00:22:05,282 Was it "Schwost," is it "Kwost"? All of that. 349 00:22:05,366 --> 00:22:07,743 But I thought "Seymour" was worse than "Kwost." 350 00:22:09,537 --> 00:22:12,873 [Lupton] The whole love story between Paula and Seymour, 351 00:22:12,957 --> 00:22:16,836 that's our Elizabeth Taylor and Richard Burton tale. 352 00:22:16,919 --> 00:22:19,171 Graphic designers love that story. 353 00:22:20,172 --> 00:22:23,300 [Paula] Seymour was my design hero when I was in art school. 354 00:22:23,551 --> 00:22:26,679 He must have been 39, 40? I was 21. 355 00:22:27,888 --> 00:22:31,517 Seymour was an illustrator, but he's a sensational designer. 356 00:22:31,600 --> 00:22:35,521 I thought his work was very funny. Some of it was exceedingly political. 357 00:22:36,438 --> 00:22:40,484 In the late '50s, Seymour founded Push Pin Studios 358 00:22:40,568 --> 00:22:43,904 with Milton Glaser and Ed Sorel. 359 00:22:43,988 --> 00:22:47,783 They developed a style of design and illustration 360 00:22:47,866 --> 00:22:53,372 that combined pop colors, wit and intellectual thinking. 361 00:22:56,750 --> 00:22:59,879 It's where I really started to understand that type had spirit 362 00:23:00,379 --> 00:23:04,883 and did not have to be some clean, mechanical-like thing 363 00:23:04,967 --> 00:23:07,011 that was simply doing its job. 364 00:23:07,094 --> 00:23:10,180 It could be this marvelous thing to engage with. 365 00:23:15,060 --> 00:23:16,604 Seymour has the studio above me. 366 00:23:17,187 --> 00:23:19,273 It's a bigger studio, and he makes more paintings. 367 00:23:20,065 --> 00:23:23,152 He can wake up and always seem to be able to work. 368 00:23:23,736 --> 00:23:26,697 [director] You guys are kind of historic as a couple. 369 00:23:26,780 --> 00:23:29,783 Well, that may be, but we don't really work together. 370 00:23:29,867 --> 00:23:31,285 That was actually my first question. 371 00:23:31,368 --> 00:23:33,537 -Never. -Never. We can't collaborate. 372 00:23:38,083 --> 00:23:39,835 Washington looks a little pale. 373 00:23:40,919 --> 00:23:45,299 Well, it'll look more vibrant when it gets a WA on it. 374 00:23:46,216 --> 00:23:47,426 I don't think so. 375 00:23:48,010 --> 00:23:49,553 [Paula] We can't collaborate. 376 00:23:49,637 --> 00:23:52,431 He can't work on my stuff and I can't work on his stuff. 377 00:23:52,514 --> 00:23:54,767 I don't want to. [laughs] 378 00:23:54,850 --> 00:23:56,185 That's why we're not apart. 379 00:23:56,268 --> 00:23:57,436 [laughs] There you are. 380 00:23:59,772 --> 00:24:02,524 -[Seymour] Throw a good one this time. -[Paula] Okay. 381 00:24:03,776 --> 00:24:04,610 [sighs] 382 00:24:04,693 --> 00:24:06,362 I love leaving New York City. 383 00:24:06,445 --> 00:24:07,488 You jinxed it. 384 00:24:08,238 --> 00:24:09,823 Okay, here we go. 385 00:24:10,866 --> 00:24:14,203 But I couldn't stay out of town that long, I have to come back to town. 386 00:24:15,120 --> 00:24:16,538 [both] Yay! 387 00:24:16,622 --> 00:24:18,582 Otherwise, I won't have any ideas. 388 00:24:19,249 --> 00:24:21,502 [traffic] 389 00:24:26,465 --> 00:24:29,009 When I started designing environmental graphics, 390 00:24:29,093 --> 00:24:31,303 it let me design in the physical world 391 00:24:31,387 --> 00:24:35,099 and that was at a time when the most interesting design had become digital. 392 00:24:35,975 --> 00:24:42,940 I was making large-scale lettering on buildings to create a sense of place, 393 00:24:43,440 --> 00:24:46,485 as well as to get somebody to navigate their way through it. 394 00:24:49,905 --> 00:24:54,952 Design exists beyond screens. It has an impact in real life. 395 00:24:55,995 --> 00:24:58,497 [indistinct shouting] 396 00:25:01,500 --> 00:25:03,210 After Hurricane Sandy, 397 00:25:04,378 --> 00:25:08,882 the whole economy of Rockaway Beach was devastated. 398 00:25:09,550 --> 00:25:14,096 The boardwalk was destroyed and the beach was fenced off. 399 00:25:14,805 --> 00:25:19,017 So I was hired to create what I'd call an emotional sign system. 400 00:25:22,062 --> 00:25:25,482 Beaches like the Rockaways invoke a memory of a bygone era 401 00:25:25,566 --> 00:25:27,651 of wooden boardwalks and rollercoasters. 402 00:25:28,819 --> 00:25:31,196 It had to be brought into the 21st century. 403 00:25:32,781 --> 00:25:34,783 While the boardwalks were destroyed, 404 00:25:34,867 --> 00:25:37,703 what the neighborhood still had were the beaches. 405 00:25:37,786 --> 00:25:42,833 And that the beach looked unique from every place that you entered it. 406 00:25:42,916 --> 00:25:46,587 If you entered it at 96th Street, it looked different from 101st Street, 407 00:25:46,670 --> 00:25:48,338 because the view is different. 408 00:25:49,840 --> 00:25:52,551 We created these large standing posters with photographs 409 00:25:52,634 --> 00:25:55,846 that would help orient people once they reached the beach. 410 00:25:56,346 --> 00:25:58,807 They helped emotionally connect the community, 411 00:25:58,891 --> 00:26:00,893 while functioning as directional signage. 412 00:26:01,935 --> 00:26:03,937 There was so much pride from the signs 413 00:26:04,021 --> 00:26:07,274 that the city government made this series of postcards 414 00:26:07,357 --> 00:26:10,527 so every town could have their own picture of their own beach. 415 00:26:10,903 --> 00:26:13,489 You're getting your own icon, your own logo, 416 00:26:13,572 --> 00:26:15,240 and it would give them identity. 417 00:26:18,327 --> 00:26:20,412 There's an emotional aspect to it. 418 00:26:21,079 --> 00:26:24,124 Design needs to take human behavior into account. 419 00:26:26,877 --> 00:26:30,881 [people chanting] Re-vote! Re-vote! Re-vote! 420 00:26:30,964 --> 00:26:35,177 [Paula] An example of terrible design would be the Palm Beach Ballot of 2001. 421 00:26:39,014 --> 00:26:42,184 I actually did an article on the Op-Ed page of the New York Times 422 00:26:42,267 --> 00:26:46,104 where I made a little diagram that showed why the ballot design was wrong. 423 00:26:49,525 --> 00:26:52,736 [man on TV] For the woman who designed Palm Beach County, Florida's ballot, 424 00:26:52,820 --> 00:26:53,904 life has changed. 425 00:26:53,987 --> 00:26:55,197 I keep thinking it's a nightmare 426 00:26:55,280 --> 00:26:57,741 and I'm going to wake up one day, and it's gonna be gone. 427 00:26:59,326 --> 00:27:01,286 [Paula] It was a butterfly ballot. 428 00:27:02,204 --> 00:27:05,874 The list of the names broken into two columns. 429 00:27:06,375 --> 00:27:09,878 The designer could not make one long vertical list 430 00:27:09,962 --> 00:27:12,089 because the names would be too small, 431 00:27:12,172 --> 00:27:15,509 and in the area of Palm Beach County, there are a lot of elderly people, 432 00:27:15,592 --> 00:27:17,469 and they wouldn't be able to read small text. 433 00:27:18,262 --> 00:27:20,889 So she thought she was doing a service. 434 00:27:21,765 --> 00:27:26,562 In the first column, George Bush was first and Al Gore was second. 435 00:27:26,645 --> 00:27:29,148 And then on the other side was Pat Buchanan. 436 00:27:29,231 --> 00:27:32,609 She had the holes that you punched in the center, 437 00:27:33,193 --> 00:27:36,155 except for the holes weren't where you thought they were going to be. 438 00:27:36,780 --> 00:27:42,035 You assume that if the first hole belonged to George Bush, 439 00:27:42,119 --> 00:27:45,497 that the second hole, right below it, would belong to Al Gore. 440 00:27:46,081 --> 00:27:50,669 But in fact, it belonged to Pat Buchanan, because the holes were staggered. 441 00:27:51,003 --> 00:27:53,172 So in Palm Beach County, 442 00:27:53,255 --> 00:27:55,883 one of the biggest Jewish residences in the world, 443 00:27:55,966 --> 00:27:59,261 a big part of the population voted for an anti-Semite. 444 00:27:59,344 --> 00:28:01,054 I can't go back and say, 445 00:28:01,138 --> 00:28:04,016 "Well, you know, if I would have done something else differently, 446 00:28:04,099 --> 00:28:06,393 maybe the election would have been different," 447 00:28:06,476 --> 00:28:08,520 because you don't know. 448 00:28:08,604 --> 00:28:10,939 Absolutely. Graphic Design threw an election. 449 00:28:20,824 --> 00:28:24,369 Right now, because I'm trying to make an exhibit opening, 450 00:28:24,912 --> 00:28:26,538 I'm working really intensely. 451 00:28:26,622 --> 00:28:31,084 Like, I'll typically start around nine in the morning, 452 00:28:31,168 --> 00:28:33,754 and I can work till midnight or one or two in the morning. 453 00:28:38,175 --> 00:28:41,803 I used to paint to jazz and I got sick of all my records. 454 00:28:41,887 --> 00:28:45,432 So then I started playing old movies on television. 455 00:28:45,515 --> 00:28:49,269 I can do the dialogue right along with it. It's sort of like singing while you work. 456 00:28:49,853 --> 00:28:51,480 [TV and Paula] "When a man's partner's killed, 457 00:28:51,563 --> 00:28:53,690 he's supposed to do something about it." 458 00:28:54,441 --> 00:28:57,236 All About Eve. Fantastic! 459 00:28:57,819 --> 00:29:01,949 [TV and Paula] "Fasten your seat belts, it's going to be a bumpy night." 460 00:29:03,033 --> 00:29:05,661 The Women, that's really good, it's really good. 461 00:29:05,744 --> 00:29:06,912 Really good dialogue. 462 00:29:07,496 --> 00:29:09,331 When anything I wear doesn't please Steven... 463 00:29:09,414 --> 00:29:11,166 [TV and Paula] "... I take it off!" 464 00:29:14,461 --> 00:29:16,838 There were no artist models in my family. 465 00:29:17,714 --> 00:29:20,425 The family was very well educated. 466 00:29:20,509 --> 00:29:22,511 All the women were schoolteachers. 467 00:29:23,345 --> 00:29:26,348 And my father was actually a mapmaker. 468 00:29:29,434 --> 00:29:34,106 He invented a measuring device so that maps would be more accurate. 469 00:29:37,859 --> 00:29:42,698 When I was a little girl, he taught me that maps were distorted, 470 00:29:42,781 --> 00:29:45,867 that they never accurately depict a place. 471 00:29:48,954 --> 00:29:54,334 My father actually thought art was stupid and serious people became engineers. 472 00:30:02,175 --> 00:30:04,928 [upbeat piano music playing] 473 00:30:25,073 --> 00:30:29,536 [Lupton] Paula has created a typographic language 474 00:30:29,619 --> 00:30:36,460 that is popular, it's American, it's New York, 475 00:30:36,543 --> 00:30:38,837 that makes sense to people. 476 00:30:38,920 --> 00:30:41,590 And it's part of everyday life. 477 00:30:41,673 --> 00:30:46,428 It's not an art form that is in some other place. 478 00:30:47,137 --> 00:30:51,683 It's in the street, it's on the shelf at the supermarket. 479 00:30:51,767 --> 00:30:57,522 Paula is the most influential woman graphic designer on the planet. 480 00:30:59,274 --> 00:31:02,069 [Paula] I never thought about myself as a feminist. 481 00:31:03,278 --> 00:31:06,073 Yet, when I was working at CBS Records in the '70s, 482 00:31:06,156 --> 00:31:10,077 women in the design business at that time were agents, they were reps. 483 00:31:11,703 --> 00:31:14,539 You'd sit there and think, "Oh, my God, what are they going to do with me? 484 00:31:14,623 --> 00:31:16,041 What am I going to do with them?" 485 00:31:18,085 --> 00:31:20,879 It's quite wild when you see it firsthand. 486 00:31:20,962 --> 00:31:24,299 All of a sudden, you turn around and you go, "Oh, my God, that was sexism!" 487 00:31:24,383 --> 00:31:25,634 You know, there it is. 488 00:31:25,717 --> 00:31:29,096 And it's like any other -ism. 489 00:31:32,599 --> 00:31:35,936 If I'm sitting with a new client, I can see in the first glance 490 00:31:36,019 --> 00:31:38,397 that he's wondering why he's got this old lady. 491 00:31:41,233 --> 00:31:44,986 I mean, I just thought, "I'm a designer. Look at it." 492 00:31:47,531 --> 00:31:51,118 Hi! Nice to meet you on the phone. 493 00:31:52,119 --> 00:31:55,205 I got your materials that I've been looking at. 494 00:31:55,705 --> 00:31:58,250 What are you looking to do now? 495 00:31:59,918 --> 00:32:04,089 I have an overall plan about how I'd approach work. 496 00:32:04,172 --> 00:32:07,217 Some of it is strategic and some of it is intuitive. 497 00:32:07,300 --> 00:32:10,637 Are you promoting the institution or are you promoting the show? 498 00:32:11,388 --> 00:32:15,475 The strategic part is absorbing information from the client. 499 00:32:15,559 --> 00:32:18,103 How many plays do you put on in a season? 500 00:32:19,271 --> 00:32:23,150 And do you have other kinds of festivals, or smaller programs, 501 00:32:23,233 --> 00:32:25,152 or things like under the radar, or...? 502 00:32:26,403 --> 00:32:29,823 I want to understand why they look the way they look. 503 00:32:30,323 --> 00:32:33,702 What's interesting is you seem, from what I see here, 504 00:32:33,785 --> 00:32:36,413 to be a little bit all over the map. 505 00:32:36,496 --> 00:32:39,332 I think you should develop a visual language. 506 00:32:39,416 --> 00:32:41,751 That's what we did with The Public and Atlantic. 507 00:32:41,835 --> 00:32:43,795 You don't need to see the logo to know what it is. 508 00:32:45,630 --> 00:32:49,718 You should be as powerful, visible, understandable, 509 00:32:49,801 --> 00:32:52,095 recognizable as anything in town. 510 00:32:54,556 --> 00:32:56,641 You're not changing somebody. 511 00:32:56,725 --> 00:33:00,270 You're making them a more perfect vision of where they started. 512 00:33:00,353 --> 00:33:03,982 So the job is to traverse these different roads 513 00:33:04,065 --> 00:33:06,568 and try to get either an individual, a group of people, 514 00:33:06,651 --> 00:33:09,488 or a whole corporation to be able to see. 515 00:33:09,988 --> 00:33:11,823 [applause] 516 00:33:14,201 --> 00:33:20,916 [Paula] In 1998, Citibank was merging with Travelers Insurance Company. 517 00:33:21,500 --> 00:33:25,212 They wanted a logo that reflected the merger 518 00:33:25,295 --> 00:33:27,631 and they wanted to launch it in the newspaper 519 00:33:27,714 --> 00:33:30,258 three weeks after hiring us to do it. 520 00:33:30,842 --> 00:33:33,220 Travelers Insurance Company had a red umbrella. 521 00:33:33,303 --> 00:33:37,182 Citibank had type that was in italic form. 522 00:33:37,641 --> 00:33:40,560 It took only a moment of time to design the logo. 523 00:33:41,144 --> 00:33:42,062 There's a T. 524 00:33:42,145 --> 00:33:45,690 The bottom of a lowercase T has a little hook on the bottom. 525 00:33:45,774 --> 00:33:46,900 It's a straight line. 526 00:33:46,983 --> 00:33:50,153 If you put an arc on the top, that's an umbrella. 527 00:33:50,237 --> 00:33:51,780 There are two Is in Citi. 528 00:33:51,863 --> 00:33:54,616 It means the edge of the arc can line up with the two Is. 529 00:33:55,325 --> 00:33:58,245 There were a million meetings trying to get by 'em. 530 00:33:58,328 --> 00:34:00,247 "What if you do it this way, or that way? 531 00:34:00,330 --> 00:34:02,541 Show it to me on stationery, show it to me on a card. 532 00:34:02,624 --> 00:34:04,918 It's got to be red on top and blue on the bottom. 533 00:34:05,001 --> 00:34:07,796 What do you do with the blue wave? Is it something you use in retail? 534 00:34:07,879 --> 00:34:09,798 What if you put that back on the credit card?" 535 00:34:09,881 --> 00:34:12,801 Those were all the things that were being worked out 536 00:34:12,884 --> 00:34:15,679 for nearly, I think, two years before the thing launched. 537 00:34:17,556 --> 00:34:21,977 The design of the logo is never really the hard part of the job. 538 00:34:22,060 --> 00:34:24,229 It's persuading a million people to use it. 539 00:34:33,572 --> 00:34:35,824 So this is a diagram of a meeting. 540 00:34:36,491 --> 00:34:38,451 You are giving a presentation. 541 00:34:39,494 --> 00:34:45,208 This line is the line of the reasonable level of expectation that everyone has 542 00:34:45,292 --> 00:34:47,210 when you walk into the room. 543 00:34:47,294 --> 00:34:51,381 I got to say that, to my surprise, I very much like the black and white. 544 00:34:52,299 --> 00:34:53,592 [Paula] You begin to present, 545 00:34:54,551 --> 00:34:57,345 and you come above the reasonable level of expectation. 546 00:34:57,429 --> 00:35:01,600 Everybody gets enthusiastic, people begin to start asking questions. 547 00:35:01,683 --> 00:35:07,731 ...a whole extra outline, right? The others only have three. 548 00:35:07,814 --> 00:35:09,608 And about right here, 549 00:35:09,691 --> 00:35:12,402 you've reached the height of the appreciation 550 00:35:12,485 --> 00:35:14,904 that you're gonna get for this presentation. 551 00:35:15,447 --> 00:35:19,075 You will be putting them on top of images where they create labels. 552 00:35:19,159 --> 00:35:22,203 So it's like a label smacked over a photograph. 553 00:35:22,579 --> 00:35:26,082 That's the... And we have... The buses are behind you. 554 00:35:27,208 --> 00:35:28,418 And at this point, 555 00:35:29,377 --> 00:35:32,589 somebody's going to make a rebuttal to your presentation. 556 00:35:32,672 --> 00:35:39,638 The contrast between the two is more fun for me here than it is here, 557 00:35:39,721 --> 00:35:42,849 because it's just... I feel the separation more. 558 00:35:42,932 --> 00:35:45,685 This, I kind of don't notice the contrast. 559 00:35:46,144 --> 00:35:49,731 [Paula] You're going to sink a little bit below that line of expectation. 560 00:35:50,357 --> 00:35:53,318 You grab it back and you make some concessions. 561 00:35:53,401 --> 00:35:56,529 You know, I may have to pull this down a bit. 562 00:35:56,613 --> 00:35:58,782 Maybe it just has to touch it. 563 00:35:58,865 --> 00:36:02,118 The thing is that the horizontal read is always better. 564 00:36:02,202 --> 00:36:05,789 Yes, see these are great, the horizontal pops. I love that. 565 00:36:06,164 --> 00:36:08,625 [Paula] And you get up to about here. 566 00:36:08,708 --> 00:36:12,712 And at this point, this is as high as you're ever gonna get. 567 00:36:13,838 --> 00:36:16,716 It's not as high as here, but it's good. 568 00:36:16,800 --> 00:36:18,718 Will this actually play in this color? 569 00:36:19,552 --> 00:36:22,013 -[Paula] What, you don't think-- -I mean, I love it. 570 00:36:22,097 --> 00:36:23,807 But I'm worried you're going to change it 571 00:36:23,890 --> 00:36:25,225 when you actually do it. 572 00:36:25,308 --> 00:36:26,559 No, I wanted that. 573 00:36:26,643 --> 00:36:29,688 Just to say, that's the thing I'm most concerned about. 574 00:36:29,771 --> 00:36:31,648 I just think it needs to be larger. 575 00:36:32,190 --> 00:36:33,525 The meeting must end here, 576 00:36:33,608 --> 00:36:36,861 because what will happen is a counter-rebuttal to your offer, 577 00:36:36,945 --> 00:36:40,490 it will go down below the reasonable level of expectation, 578 00:36:40,573 --> 00:36:43,076 and then come back only nearly above it 579 00:36:43,159 --> 00:36:46,579 and will continue on, until you reach sudden death. 580 00:36:47,872 --> 00:36:51,418 They want proof that this is really, really gonna work. 581 00:36:51,793 --> 00:36:53,753 The problem is there isn't proof. 582 00:36:54,546 --> 00:36:57,674 It's how do people see and perceive and accept things. 583 00:36:58,299 --> 00:37:01,261 I feel like, as usual, once I sit with them for a while, 584 00:37:01,344 --> 00:37:04,973 they really start to shout in a very specific way 585 00:37:05,056 --> 00:37:07,517 and it just feels like, of course, this is The Public. 586 00:37:07,600 --> 00:37:10,687 Of course, it's grabbing the attention that Shakespeare in the Park always does. 587 00:37:10,770 --> 00:37:12,522 -I think they're awesome. -Fantastic. 588 00:37:12,605 --> 00:37:14,190 It's going to be a black summer. 589 00:37:14,274 --> 00:37:15,275 [laughter] 590 00:37:16,276 --> 00:37:17,902 -All right. Bye. -Good to see you. 591 00:37:18,445 --> 00:37:20,655 -Terrific. Good work. Thank you. -Thanks. 592 00:37:21,698 --> 00:37:23,241 -[Patrick] Perfect. -Thank you. 593 00:37:33,084 --> 00:37:35,545 [Paula] I notice it more and more as I get older. 594 00:37:36,212 --> 00:37:40,258 How important the act of making stuff is to me. 595 00:37:45,096 --> 00:37:49,642 My father saw two of the paintings I did before he died. 596 00:37:51,102 --> 00:37:52,812 I was sort of embarrassed to show him, 597 00:37:52,896 --> 00:37:55,023 because, of course, it's totally inaccurate. 598 00:37:56,483 --> 00:37:58,401 And I brought him in and showed him the map 599 00:37:58,485 --> 00:38:00,653 and I said, "I guess you think I'm crazy," 600 00:38:00,737 --> 00:38:03,907 and he said, "No, I never did anything that creative." 601 00:38:08,745 --> 00:38:10,830 [funky music playing] 602 00:38:24,969 --> 00:38:27,764 There's a moment, and it's in every job. 603 00:38:27,847 --> 00:38:30,642 It's like this incredible elation and high. 604 00:38:35,605 --> 00:38:37,649 It's like we made magic for a moment. 605 00:38:55,583 --> 00:38:59,003 -How you doing, sweetheart? -I'm standing! My feet don't hurt yet. 606 00:39:01,172 --> 00:39:02,966 [Bierut] Paula's inexhaustible. 607 00:39:04,425 --> 00:39:07,679 Forty-plus years of continuous effort. 608 00:39:08,721 --> 00:39:10,765 There's a virtuosity to that. 609 00:39:22,569 --> 00:39:25,905 [Paula] I'm driven by the hope that I haven't made my best work yet. 610 00:39:29,701 --> 00:39:31,703 Making stuff is the heart of everything. 611 00:39:36,082 --> 00:39:38,167 That drive never goes away. 612 00:39:39,210 --> 00:39:40,712 What can I make next? 613 00:39:42,714 --> 00:39:45,675 [upbeat music playing]