1 00:00:45,320 --> 00:00:49,360 MUSIC: Strawberry Fields Forever by The Beatles 2 00:00:55,280 --> 00:01:00,760 # Let me take you down cos I'm going to 3 00:01:00,760 --> 00:01:03,440 # Strawberry Fields 4 00:01:06,000 --> 00:01:09,560 # Nothing is real 5 00:01:09,560 --> 00:01:12,760 # And nothing to get hung about 6 00:01:14,280 --> 00:01:17,440 # Strawberry Fields forever 7 00:01:19,120 --> 00:01:23,200 # Living is easy with eyes closed 8 00:01:24,400 --> 00:01:27,560 # Misunderstanding all you see. # 9 00:01:30,400 --> 00:01:34,440 To wind up our predictions for 1966, we've been looking into what 10 00:01:34,440 --> 00:01:37,120 is probably the most intriguing of all the trends. 11 00:01:37,120 --> 00:01:40,480 The trend in pop music. 12 00:01:40,480 --> 00:01:43,000 In 1966, everything's coming in. 13 00:01:43,000 --> 00:01:45,520 It may be the year for the individual artist, 14 00:01:45,520 --> 00:01:48,560 but anything with real talent, anything with real excitement, 15 00:01:48,560 --> 00:01:51,800 anything with real novelty, anything with real quality, 16 00:01:51,800 --> 00:01:55,280 anything that's really good of its own kind can break through. 17 00:02:01,920 --> 00:02:07,120 In 1966 I think the standard of the musicianship has got to be improved 18 00:02:07,120 --> 00:02:10,040 and there's definitely a jazz sound coming in. 19 00:02:21,960 --> 00:02:27,800 Everybody's madly looking round for a new soloist, male of female. 20 00:02:28,920 --> 00:02:32,000 Well, whilst everybody's busy looking it's just not going 21 00:02:32,000 --> 00:02:34,280 to happen and something else will happen. 22 00:02:41,000 --> 00:02:44,360 In 1966 it's very hard to say what's going to happen. 23 00:02:44,360 --> 00:02:46,240 The Liverpool sound's right out of the ring. 24 00:02:46,240 --> 00:02:48,840 If I had to put my money on any group in particular, 25 00:02:48,840 --> 00:02:53,120 I'd put it on The Who because what they do is to exaggerate and 26 00:02:53,120 --> 00:02:55,800 caricature everything that's gone before. 27 00:02:56,960 --> 00:03:00,160 # Strawberry Fields forever 28 00:03:04,080 --> 00:03:09,600 # Always know sometimes think it's me 29 00:03:09,600 --> 00:03:12,000 # But you know I know when it's a dream. # 30 00:03:12,000 --> 00:03:15,040 EXPLOSION 31 00:03:22,280 --> 00:03:26,200 SCREAMING 32 00:03:29,800 --> 00:03:34,160 In the last two or three years, young people have been, 33 00:03:34,160 --> 00:03:38,520 instead of just carrying on the way their parents told them to, 34 00:03:38,520 --> 00:03:41,680 they've started a big thing where they're anti-war and they 35 00:03:41,680 --> 00:03:46,640 love everybody and their sexual lives have become freer. 36 00:03:48,880 --> 00:03:50,880 The kids are looking for something else, 37 00:03:50,880 --> 00:03:54,240 or some different moral value because they're going to get 38 00:03:54,240 --> 00:03:57,720 all the things that were thought impossible 50 years ago. 39 00:03:57,720 --> 00:03:59,960 When did you first grow your hair long? 40 00:03:59,960 --> 00:04:02,000 About 18 months ago. Why? 41 00:04:02,000 --> 00:04:04,520 Cos I like long hair. 42 00:04:06,040 --> 00:04:09,680 MUSIC: Get Off Of My Cloud by The Rolling Stones 43 00:04:13,080 --> 00:04:17,000 # I live in an apartment on the 99th floor of my block. # 44 00:04:18,240 --> 00:04:22,600 In January 1966, the Rolling Stones' Get Off Of My Cloud was still 45 00:04:22,600 --> 00:04:26,440 in the top 30, three months after it was released. 46 00:04:26,440 --> 00:04:29,880 With its theatrical sense of aggression, aloofness and rebellion, 47 00:04:29,880 --> 00:04:33,120 its manic energy expressed the desire for something more, 48 00:04:33,120 --> 00:04:37,320 for some unspecified freedom, even abandon. 49 00:04:37,320 --> 00:04:40,600 The song's unstoppable momentum was a sign of the times 50 00:04:40,600 --> 00:04:43,560 and of a peace with the band's career. 51 00:04:43,560 --> 00:04:45,880 With their increasing record sales and fame, 52 00:04:45,880 --> 00:04:48,600 the Stones were building up a wild head of steam. 53 00:04:49,880 --> 00:04:53,560 This Dionysian frenzy was captured by film-maker of the moment 54 00:04:53,560 --> 00:04:55,000 Peter Whitehead. 55 00:04:55,000 --> 00:04:58,920 His cinema verite techniques made you an immediate part of the action 56 00:04:58,920 --> 00:05:01,680 and party to the group's inner workings. 57 00:05:04,120 --> 00:05:06,800 I just wanted to make it like he was sitting on the fence 58 00:05:06,800 --> 00:05:09,640 and couldn't make up his mind between one girl or the other 59 00:05:09,640 --> 00:05:11,720 and he couldn't stand sitting on the fence 60 00:05:11,720 --> 00:05:13,520 because it was getting very painful. 61 00:05:13,520 --> 00:05:15,680 'You listen to all popular songs ten years ago, 62 00:05:15,680 --> 00:05:17,880 'very few of them actually mean anything. 63 00:05:17,880 --> 00:05:20,800 'Songs didn't have any relation to what people actually spend 64 00:05:20,800 --> 00:05:23,520 'their lives doing like getting up, washing, going to work, 65 00:05:23,520 --> 00:05:26,440 'coming back and feeling very screwed up about certain things.' 66 00:05:26,440 --> 00:05:29,040 And, um, what was the other one I wanted? 67 00:05:29,040 --> 00:05:32,480 Have you got the, um, Rolling Stones' latest one? 68 00:05:32,480 --> 00:05:34,880 It's 19th Nervous Breakdown. 69 00:05:34,880 --> 00:05:37,320 MUSIC: 19th Nervous Breakdown by The Rolling Stones 70 00:05:37,320 --> 00:05:39,480 # Centre of a crowd Talking much too loud 71 00:05:39,480 --> 00:05:41,960 # Running up and down the stairs 72 00:05:41,960 --> 00:05:46,760 # Well, it seems to me that you have seen too much in too few years. # 73 00:05:46,760 --> 00:05:50,480 Released in the first week of February, 19th Nervous Breakdown was 74 00:05:50,480 --> 00:05:56,240 the first big pop statement of the year amping up the frenzy even more. 75 00:05:56,240 --> 00:06:00,440 It spoke of neurosis, disturbance and psychological complexity 76 00:06:00,440 --> 00:06:04,120 hinting at darker and deeper forces beneath the shiny surface of 77 00:06:04,120 --> 00:06:07,280 swinging London. 78 00:06:07,280 --> 00:06:10,520 # Here comes your 19th nervous breakdown. # 79 00:06:14,840 --> 00:06:17,200 # When you were a child you were treated kind 80 00:06:17,200 --> 00:06:19,680 # But you were never brought up right 81 00:06:19,680 --> 00:06:21,920 # You were always spoiled with a thousand toys 82 00:06:21,920 --> 00:06:24,760 # But still you cried all night 83 00:06:24,760 --> 00:06:29,240 # Your mother who neglected you owes a million dollars tax. # 84 00:06:29,240 --> 00:06:32,800 The quip about nuclear annihilation from a pop group manager, 85 00:06:32,800 --> 00:06:36,800 a sick joke worthy of Mad Magazine, yet symptomatic of the fact 86 00:06:36,800 --> 00:06:40,640 that the bomb cast its chilling shadow over everything. 87 00:06:40,640 --> 00:06:44,720 What if the nuclear button was pressed over our dead bodies 88 00:06:44,720 --> 00:06:47,320 or rather over the living members of CND - 89 00:06:47,320 --> 00:06:51,040 the Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament? 90 00:06:51,040 --> 00:06:54,600 Ban the bomb - it was music to the ears of the young protesters 91 00:06:54,600 --> 00:06:57,680 on the streets and anywhere else this collective voice could 92 00:06:57,680 --> 00:07:00,160 make itself heard. 93 00:07:04,560 --> 00:07:06,400 Keep it coming, keep it coming. 94 00:07:06,400 --> 00:07:10,080 Film director Lindsay Anderson captured the mood in The White Bus, 95 00:07:10,080 --> 00:07:14,040 a surreal mystery tour written by Shelagh Delaney. 96 00:07:23,440 --> 00:07:26,920 I'm glad to see a youngster turning out today. 97 00:07:26,920 --> 00:07:29,440 I know you don't all spend your lives singing and dancing 98 00:07:29,440 --> 00:07:32,000 and listening to records. 99 00:07:34,400 --> 00:07:37,440 EXPLOSION 100 00:07:37,440 --> 00:07:40,800 SIRENS BLARE 101 00:07:52,360 --> 00:07:55,560 MUSIC: Mushroom Clouds by Love 102 00:07:57,000 --> 00:08:01,200 # Mushroom clouds are forming 103 00:08:01,200 --> 00:08:05,200 # And the sky is dark 104 00:08:08,760 --> 00:08:11,920 # And grey. # 105 00:08:15,640 --> 00:08:18,480 One certainly felt that one's days were numbered, 106 00:08:18,480 --> 00:08:20,320 that there was going to be a nuclear war, 107 00:08:20,320 --> 00:08:22,320 that, inevitably there would be a nuclear war. 108 00:08:22,320 --> 00:08:25,880 The mere continued existence of these weapons guaranteed it 109 00:08:25,880 --> 00:08:29,120 and so it seemed necessary for people who were aware of 110 00:08:29,120 --> 00:08:36,200 these things to take action against all governments complicit with 111 00:08:36,200 --> 00:08:42,120 the manufacture and production and threatened use of nuclear weapons. 112 00:08:42,120 --> 00:08:46,760 One should be prepared to go and sit down or stand up or march, 113 00:08:46,760 --> 00:08:49,520 just to cause a stir, to create a riot, 114 00:08:49,520 --> 00:08:55,720 to draw attention to insist that what was happening was 115 00:08:55,720 --> 00:09:00,680 immoral and criminal and vile upon a scale even worse than that of 116 00:09:00,680 --> 00:09:02,960 the German death camps. 117 00:09:06,720 --> 00:09:09,040 For the following 48 hours, 118 00:09:09,040 --> 00:09:13,960 an estimated one third of the entire land service of Britain would 119 00:09:13,960 --> 00:09:17,600 be covered by a total dose of radiation exceeding ten times 120 00:09:17,600 --> 00:09:20,160 the amount needed to kill a man in the open. 121 00:09:21,680 --> 00:09:24,880 For many of those within this area, who had remained even inside 122 00:09:24,880 --> 00:09:29,520 the shelter of their homes, there would be death within five weeks. 123 00:09:37,760 --> 00:09:41,320 A single early in the year - The Quiet Explosion by Birmingham 124 00:09:41,320 --> 00:09:45,240 band The Uglys - is about the calm before the nuclear storm. 125 00:09:45,240 --> 00:09:48,320 The eerie moment of anticipation between the bomb being 126 00:09:48,320 --> 00:09:51,040 dropped and the impact of the shockwave, 127 00:09:51,040 --> 00:09:54,000 the sound of silence before the apocalypse. 128 00:09:54,000 --> 00:09:55,960 # There was even less corrosion 129 00:09:55,960 --> 00:09:58,160 # Then be prepared 130 00:09:58,160 --> 00:10:00,840 # For a quiet explosion 131 00:10:03,680 --> 00:10:06,800 # In other lands... # 132 00:10:06,800 --> 00:10:08,960 Physically unmarked, 133 00:10:08,960 --> 00:10:12,320 there will almost inevitably be thousands of people suffering 134 00:10:12,320 --> 00:10:17,120 from many complex states of fear and shock due to the things 135 00:10:17,120 --> 00:10:22,080 they've seen and the things that have happened to them. 136 00:10:22,080 --> 00:10:25,520 Many of these people will probably lapse into 137 00:10:25,520 --> 00:10:30,080 a state of permanent neurosis because they will totally 138 00:10:30,080 --> 00:10:34,200 outnumber the psychiatric services needed to cure them. 139 00:10:35,840 --> 00:10:41,800 # Winter's day in the deep and dark December 140 00:10:43,800 --> 00:10:47,280 # I am alone 141 00:10:47,280 --> 00:10:51,320 # Gazing from my window to the streets below 142 00:10:51,320 --> 00:10:55,040 # On a freshly fallen silent shroud of snow 143 00:10:55,040 --> 00:10:57,680 # I am a rock 144 00:10:57,680 --> 00:11:04,600 # I am an island. # 145 00:11:04,600 --> 00:11:10,360 This song by Paul Simon which Weston Gavin has just sung 146 00:11:10,360 --> 00:11:14,520 is an almost clinical description of isolation. 147 00:11:14,520 --> 00:11:20,120 It expresses the wish for isolation... 148 00:11:22,720 --> 00:11:24,800 ..while, in fact, 149 00:11:24,800 --> 00:11:30,880 hiding the far greater wish to be blasted out of this isolation. 150 00:11:30,880 --> 00:11:37,640 They are the kids who feel inadequate and lost, who drift, 151 00:11:37,640 --> 00:11:40,360 who become semi-delinquent, 152 00:11:40,360 --> 00:11:44,280 who use amphetamines, pep pills, 153 00:11:44,280 --> 00:11:49,040 the famous or infamous purple hearts, to a great extent 154 00:11:49,040 --> 00:11:55,440 mainly so as to kid themselves into a superman state 155 00:11:55,440 --> 00:12:01,480 to hide their own inadequacy from themselves. 156 00:12:01,480 --> 00:12:05,920 # From safe secluded youth into manhood's search for truth 157 00:12:05,920 --> 00:12:10,400 # His mother's eyes now wet had turned to stare 158 00:12:10,400 --> 00:12:14,920 # For he said, "I must be bound this day for London town." # 159 00:12:14,920 --> 00:12:21,760 It is very often the undamaged - but critical of society - 160 00:12:21,760 --> 00:12:26,560 young outsider who will speak for the damaged ones. 161 00:12:26,560 --> 00:12:30,000 It applies to homosexuals, 162 00:12:30,000 --> 00:12:35,080 who are very much a despised and outcast minority. 163 00:12:35,080 --> 00:12:39,280 They are probably the only minority in this country which is not 164 00:12:39,280 --> 00:12:41,600 yet equal before the law. 165 00:12:41,600 --> 00:12:45,920 # And the gay parties' ease change to public lavatories 166 00:12:45,920 --> 00:12:49,280 # Have turned to grey his pretty golden hair. # 167 00:12:51,720 --> 00:12:56,360 The troubadours of the Middle Ages sang to win the love of a lady. 168 00:12:56,360 --> 00:13:02,600 These troubadours of the 1960s sing to win your love for the unloved, 169 00:13:02,600 --> 00:13:05,120 the despised, the rejected. 170 00:13:06,960 --> 00:13:10,640 When one had been a refugee, 171 00:13:10,640 --> 00:13:13,200 one is an outcast. 172 00:13:13,200 --> 00:13:19,480 When somebody has TB, after it has healed there are scars left 173 00:13:19,480 --> 00:13:23,440 which are visible to the x-ray machine. 174 00:13:26,120 --> 00:13:30,200 Er, I'm no longer a refugee or an outcast 175 00:13:30,200 --> 00:13:34,480 but the scars are there and outcasts have x-ray eyes. 176 00:13:34,480 --> 00:13:37,240 CHILD SCREAMS 177 00:13:37,240 --> 00:13:41,280 At this distance, the heatwave is sufficient to cause melting 178 00:13:41,280 --> 00:13:45,240 of the upturned eyeball, third degree burning of the skin 179 00:13:45,240 --> 00:13:47,000 and ignition of furniture. 180 00:13:47,000 --> 00:13:49,640 SCREAMS 181 00:13:53,280 --> 00:13:55,800 BABY CRIES 182 00:13:57,840 --> 00:14:00,760 Under the table! 183 00:14:02,800 --> 00:14:06,080 The blastwave from a thermonuclear explosion 184 00:14:06,080 --> 00:14:10,520 has been likened to an enormous door slamming in the depths of Hell. 185 00:14:10,520 --> 00:14:13,920 LOUD RUMBLING 186 00:14:13,920 --> 00:14:17,120 The only doors slamming were those in the corridors 187 00:14:17,120 --> 00:14:18,480 of power at the BBC. 188 00:14:18,480 --> 00:14:22,600 The War Game was banned after government intervention. 189 00:14:22,600 --> 00:14:25,800 It was a BBC Wednesday play, a fiction, 190 00:14:25,800 --> 00:14:29,120 but its scenario was too close to reality. 191 00:14:29,120 --> 00:14:32,080 The drama begins with the supposition about the war 192 00:14:32,080 --> 00:14:36,240 which was raging in Vietnam with the Americans and South Vietnamese 193 00:14:36,240 --> 00:14:38,360 fighting the Communist north. 194 00:14:38,360 --> 00:14:42,280 What if America's arch enemy Soviet Russia and the newly-emerging 195 00:14:42,280 --> 00:14:45,040 superpower China got involved? 196 00:14:45,040 --> 00:14:47,160 It could all escalate with Russia mounting 197 00:14:47,160 --> 00:14:50,440 a nuclear strike on Britain, America's ally. 198 00:14:50,440 --> 00:14:52,480 Far-fetched, maybe, 199 00:14:52,480 --> 00:14:55,840 but it was a logic derived from an all-too-real conflict. 200 00:14:57,040 --> 00:15:00,160 GUNFIRE 201 00:15:03,640 --> 00:15:06,200 You can't believe that this nation 202 00:15:06,200 --> 00:15:09,760 can have been forced to fight the longest war in its history 203 00:15:09,760 --> 00:15:13,080 against this tiny poverty-stricken North Vietnam. 204 00:15:13,080 --> 00:15:16,280 Is there any chance that you'd advocate using nuclear weapons? 205 00:15:16,280 --> 00:15:19,920 Why should you guarantee the enemy freedom from any weapon? 206 00:15:19,920 --> 00:15:22,920 You know in your own heart you're not going to use it, 207 00:15:22,920 --> 00:15:25,080 again, with the relative strength of the two, 208 00:15:25,080 --> 00:15:27,720 we don't NEED to use this weapon, I'm convinced of that, 209 00:15:27,720 --> 00:15:31,560 but he should have a few dark moments during the night when 210 00:15:31,560 --> 00:15:34,680 he wonders what he'd do IF you used that weapon. 211 00:15:38,840 --> 00:15:43,120 For the whole world, these are the images of suffering of the 1960s. 212 00:15:43,120 --> 00:15:45,600 Young Vietnamese men and women who have never known 213 00:15:45,600 --> 00:15:49,120 a single day of true peace in their lifetime are already raising 214 00:15:49,120 --> 00:15:52,200 a second generation that knows only war. 215 00:15:52,200 --> 00:15:56,680 # Let me tell you the story of a soldier named Dan 216 00:15:59,280 --> 00:16:03,280 # Went out to fight the good fight in south Vietnam. # 217 00:16:05,640 --> 00:16:08,320 For the past 12 years, in ever-increasing numbers, 218 00:16:08,320 --> 00:16:11,880 young Americans have shared the agony of the people of Vietnam. 219 00:16:13,680 --> 00:16:17,120 With more than a million men from seven countries under arms, 220 00:16:17,120 --> 00:16:20,920 it's now the biggest conflict since World War II. 221 00:16:20,920 --> 00:16:25,240 A struggle to which the United States seems totally committed. 222 00:16:25,240 --> 00:16:27,880 Not since the Spanish Civil War has there been a conflict that 223 00:16:27,880 --> 00:16:31,080 has raised such powerful emotion throughout the world. 224 00:16:31,080 --> 00:16:33,440 It's an issue that's divided family and friends 225 00:16:33,440 --> 00:16:36,600 no less than statesmen and nations. 226 00:16:36,600 --> 00:16:40,040 As the debate becomes daily more inflamed, it becomes daily 227 00:16:40,040 --> 00:16:43,720 easier to lose sight of the military and political realities. 228 00:16:43,720 --> 00:16:46,840 Above all, of the fact that it's now a big war. 229 00:16:46,840 --> 00:16:49,800 # And the war drags on 230 00:16:52,040 --> 00:16:56,600 # For there was no, no more world 231 00:16:59,120 --> 00:17:03,120 # And the tears came streaming down 232 00:17:06,120 --> 00:17:09,480 # As he lay there slowly burning 233 00:17:11,240 --> 00:17:13,600 # On the ground. # 234 00:17:15,200 --> 00:17:20,480 We have, of course, plans for help with various non-military aid 235 00:17:20,480 --> 00:17:22,080 of various kinds. 236 00:17:22,080 --> 00:17:26,200 I have reported to Parliament about the mission that went out. 237 00:17:26,200 --> 00:17:32,320 I think it was a paediatric mission, a medial mission anyway, with a view 238 00:17:32,320 --> 00:17:34,760 to giving help in medical services, 239 00:17:34,760 --> 00:17:39,000 services with handling refugees, and questions of that kind. 240 00:17:39,000 --> 00:17:45,040 But I have made it perfectly clear in Washington and repeated it many 241 00:17:45,040 --> 00:17:48,640 times in the House that, for the various reasons we have given, 242 00:17:48,640 --> 00:17:51,760 there is no question of our sending troops to Vietnam. 243 00:17:51,760 --> 00:17:55,360 MUSIC: All Tomorrow's Parties by The Velvet Underground 244 00:18:08,280 --> 00:18:12,640 # In what costume shall the poor girl wear? # 245 00:18:17,160 --> 00:18:19,240 Vietnam was a conscript war. 246 00:18:19,240 --> 00:18:22,000 Millions of young Americans faced the draft. 247 00:18:22,000 --> 00:18:25,160 One way to dodge it was to be a college student. 248 00:18:25,160 --> 00:18:26,880 You could also say you were queer, 249 00:18:26,880 --> 00:18:30,080 to plead homosexuality like Iggy Pop, 250 00:18:30,080 --> 00:18:34,040 or to plead insanity like Lou Reed of The Velvet Underground. 251 00:18:34,040 --> 00:18:39,040 Unlike some draft dodgers, he wasn't completely faking his instability. 252 00:18:39,040 --> 00:18:42,040 As a teenager, under the influence of his parents, 253 00:18:42,040 --> 00:18:46,440 he'd undergone electroconvulsive therapy, ECT, shock treatment. 254 00:18:46,440 --> 00:18:50,680 What about ECT? ECT, yes. 255 00:18:50,680 --> 00:18:53,880 Can you tell me if electric shock treatment does any more than 256 00:18:53,880 --> 00:18:55,720 simply shake the patient up? 257 00:18:57,480 --> 00:19:00,200 Now something between the teeth. 258 00:19:00,200 --> 00:19:02,960 That's to stop dislocation of the jaw. 259 00:19:06,800 --> 00:19:09,680 Notice how the electrodes are placed. 260 00:19:23,320 --> 00:19:25,480 Of course, we don't know how it works. 261 00:19:25,480 --> 00:19:28,840 All we know is it does work quite remarkably. 262 00:19:28,840 --> 00:19:32,680 I became very interested and concerned with the whole 263 00:19:32,680 --> 00:19:38,000 question of what we mean by somebody being neurotic or mad, 264 00:19:38,000 --> 00:19:41,200 abhorrent, psychopathic, psychotic. 265 00:19:41,200 --> 00:19:43,320 Criminal. 266 00:19:43,320 --> 00:19:50,400 And it seems to me that the society that we're constructing in the west 267 00:19:50,400 --> 00:19:54,040 and in the developed countries in the east, highly-developed 268 00:19:54,040 --> 00:19:59,040 technological countries in the east are on the same path. 269 00:19:59,040 --> 00:20:01,960 We are constructing a society which 270 00:20:01,960 --> 00:20:06,800 is inimical to human fulfilment, 271 00:20:06,800 --> 00:20:10,640 to human dignity, to human need, 272 00:20:10,640 --> 00:20:13,480 and, if you like, human grace. 273 00:20:14,920 --> 00:20:16,760 'Five...four...' 274 00:20:16,760 --> 00:20:18,920 Morgan, A Suitable Case For Treatment, 275 00:20:18,920 --> 00:20:22,200 was also by the writer of In Two Minds, David Mercer. 276 00:20:22,200 --> 00:20:24,760 EXPLOSION 277 00:20:24,760 --> 00:20:27,720 The film is a portrait of a rebellious young artist from 278 00:20:27,720 --> 00:20:29,920 a working-class background. 279 00:20:29,920 --> 00:20:33,480 After his upper-class wife divorces him for a rich gallery owner, 280 00:20:33,480 --> 00:20:38,000 he becomes obsessed about winning her back by any means necessary. 281 00:20:38,000 --> 00:20:40,360 Even if it costs him his sanity. 282 00:20:41,960 --> 00:20:43,800 Where is he? 283 00:20:43,800 --> 00:20:46,040 I'll try the studio! 284 00:20:50,080 --> 00:20:52,520 He's not up here. 285 00:20:52,520 --> 00:20:54,640 I know where he is. 286 00:20:56,400 --> 00:20:58,440 Right. 287 00:21:01,920 --> 00:21:06,760 # Here it comes, here it comes 288 00:21:06,760 --> 00:21:10,000 # Here it comes. # 289 00:21:12,600 --> 00:21:16,400 Oh, Mr Cartwright, thank heaven I've got you. 290 00:21:16,400 --> 00:21:18,600 Now listen very carefully. 291 00:21:18,600 --> 00:21:22,120 I want you to give a message to Mr Henson the moment he comes in. 292 00:21:24,720 --> 00:21:27,640 She's away! 293 00:21:27,640 --> 00:21:33,440 If Morgan kept it up, the ultimate thing to happen to him would be 294 00:21:33,440 --> 00:21:35,000 that he would have a lobotomy, 295 00:21:35,000 --> 00:21:38,720 which is an operation which cuts part of the brain off from 296 00:21:38,720 --> 00:21:41,640 another part of the brain in order to make someone behave normally. 297 00:21:41,640 --> 00:21:45,320 So what we can take that to mean is 298 00:21:45,320 --> 00:21:48,200 that the normal person 299 00:21:48,200 --> 00:21:53,000 has been subject to a successful social lobotomy. 300 00:21:53,000 --> 00:21:55,400 It's rather like... 301 00:21:56,800 --> 00:22:01,320 We know that even today that sometimes children who are 302 00:22:01,320 --> 00:22:06,600 brought up to be cripples, they are deliberately crippled and stunted 303 00:22:06,600 --> 00:22:12,360 in order to make money out of the state that they're in as cripples. 304 00:22:12,360 --> 00:22:15,200 Well, I think that what we're doing on 305 00:22:15,200 --> 00:22:18,640 a massive scale with all our children is to turn them into 306 00:22:18,640 --> 00:22:21,320 intellectual and spiritual and emotional cripples. 307 00:22:29,760 --> 00:22:32,920 This, according to some of the top fashion forecasters, 308 00:22:32,920 --> 00:22:37,920 is what you'll look like in 1966 - providing, of course, you're female. 309 00:22:37,920 --> 00:22:41,400 It's a composite photograph put together from the predictions 310 00:22:41,400 --> 00:22:45,920 of a top model, a top fashion journalist and two fashion students. 311 00:22:45,920 --> 00:22:49,280 And note, the knees are well and truly covered. 312 00:22:49,280 --> 00:22:53,800 The face to go with this outfit belongs to model Caroline Munro. 313 00:22:53,800 --> 00:22:58,080 It's just been voted the face of 1966 out of 700 girls who 314 00:22:58,080 --> 00:23:01,080 competed for the title sponsored by the Evening News. 315 00:23:01,080 --> 00:23:04,920 We think it's a great face, but really a continuation of 1965. 316 00:23:04,920 --> 00:23:07,400 There's a definite touch of the Shrimptons about it. 317 00:23:07,400 --> 00:23:09,360 Virtually no make-up except round the eyes, 318 00:23:09,360 --> 00:23:11,480 emphasis here on the lower lashes. 319 00:23:11,480 --> 00:23:15,840 Hair is its own browny colour and worn in the style of the 1900s. 320 00:23:15,840 --> 00:23:19,680 Caroline is 16 and if you look like her, say the experts, 321 00:23:19,680 --> 00:23:23,760 you have the face of 1966. 322 00:23:23,760 --> 00:23:27,320 MUSIC: Sha-La-La-La-Lee by The Small Faces 323 00:23:28,840 --> 00:23:31,840 # Picked her up on a Friday night 324 00:23:31,840 --> 00:23:35,360 # Sha la la la lee, yeah 325 00:23:35,360 --> 00:23:38,880 # I knew everything gonna be all right 326 00:23:38,880 --> 00:23:42,080 # Sha la la la lee, yeah 327 00:23:42,080 --> 00:23:44,960 # Sha la la la lee. # 328 00:23:47,320 --> 00:23:49,440 Bye, Mum! 329 00:23:49,440 --> 00:23:52,760 There could only ever be one true icon and she came out of 330 00:23:52,760 --> 00:23:54,760 Neasden in the early spring. 331 00:23:54,760 --> 00:23:59,280 The face of 1966 was the 16-year-old Lesley Hornby. 332 00:23:59,280 --> 00:24:03,280 Twiggy, as her manager and boyfriend Justin de Villeneuve called her. 333 00:24:04,760 --> 00:24:09,600 It all started last January 334 00:24:09,600 --> 00:24:13,280 when we went to an old friend of Justin's called Leonard, 335 00:24:13,280 --> 00:24:16,520 who's got a hairdressing salon in Mayfair, 336 00:24:16,520 --> 00:24:20,320 and he cut my hair very short and he got a friend of his, 337 00:24:20,320 --> 00:24:24,880 Barry Lategan, to take some photos of me and Deirdre McSharry of 338 00:24:24,880 --> 00:24:28,200 the Daily Express saw them and said, "Who is it?" 339 00:24:31,640 --> 00:24:34,400 She phoned us up and we went along to her office and she wrote 340 00:24:34,400 --> 00:24:38,800 a big article on me saying, "Twiggy, the new face of '66" 341 00:24:38,800 --> 00:24:40,600 or something like that. 342 00:24:40,600 --> 00:24:43,240 She stuck her neck out a bit really 343 00:24:43,240 --> 00:24:46,720 and it all happened from there really. 344 00:24:46,720 --> 00:24:51,080 # It felt so good when she answered me, oh, yeah 345 00:24:51,080 --> 00:24:53,440 # Oh, yeah 346 00:24:53,440 --> 00:24:57,520 # Oh, yeah, oh, yeah, oh, yeah 347 00:24:57,520 --> 00:25:00,960 # Want to know how my story ends 348 00:25:00,960 --> 00:25:05,000 # Sha la la la lee, yeah. # 349 00:25:05,000 --> 00:25:10,200 Do you feel out of place as a success because you started 350 00:25:10,200 --> 00:25:12,720 from ordinary working-class beginnings? 351 00:25:12,720 --> 00:25:16,400 No, why should I? 352 00:25:16,400 --> 00:25:18,720 Ten, 15 years ago, you might have done. 353 00:25:18,720 --> 00:25:20,880 Oh, yeah, I would have done, definitely, 354 00:25:20,880 --> 00:25:22,760 but I think, you know, 355 00:25:22,760 --> 00:25:25,280 ten or 15 years ago I'd have never been a model 356 00:25:25,280 --> 00:25:29,160 cos they were very beautiful women and I wouldn't have had 357 00:25:29,160 --> 00:25:32,200 a chance, but I think the look's completely changed now. 358 00:25:32,200 --> 00:25:35,760 I don't think it really matters what class or family you come from. 359 00:25:35,760 --> 00:25:38,920 If you're good enough in your job, you make it anyway. 360 00:25:38,920 --> 00:25:44,320 Twiggy now has a fantastic following of teenagers who identify themselves 361 00:25:44,320 --> 00:25:47,520 with her because she was at school a little while ago and her 362 00:25:47,520 --> 00:25:51,560 background, which is closer to them than, say, Baroness Thyssen, 363 00:25:51,560 --> 00:25:53,120 who's a very successful model. 364 00:25:53,120 --> 00:25:57,200 There's more of an identification and it's because of this and 365 00:25:57,200 --> 00:25:58,880 what The Beatles did, 366 00:25:58,880 --> 00:26:03,040 I think we can say Twiggy is a mini queen of the new social aristocracy. 367 00:26:03,040 --> 00:26:06,960 # There are some things that people need. # 368 00:26:09,040 --> 00:26:11,360 Sandie Shaw was another mini aristocrat 369 00:26:11,360 --> 00:26:13,240 from the outskirts of London. 370 00:26:13,240 --> 00:26:15,520 This time from Dagenham. 371 00:26:15,520 --> 00:26:18,960 She'd had her first hit in 1964 and by 1966, 372 00:26:18,960 --> 00:26:24,720 five top ten records later, she was still in her teens. 373 00:26:24,720 --> 00:26:27,680 # Nothing comes easy. # 374 00:26:29,560 --> 00:26:33,720 I was terribly... 375 00:26:33,720 --> 00:26:37,040 bored and wanted more out of life and didn't know 376 00:26:37,040 --> 00:26:40,680 how to go about it or what to do. 377 00:26:40,680 --> 00:26:44,760 I didn't think I had a chance to do anything and I became very 378 00:26:44,760 --> 00:26:48,960 frustrated and knotted up and all sort of bags of energy with 379 00:26:48,960 --> 00:26:51,320 nothing to do with it. 380 00:26:51,320 --> 00:26:53,920 I remember once, I was in a dance hall, 381 00:26:53,920 --> 00:26:56,560 and there was this group on and there was the most terrible 382 00:26:56,560 --> 00:26:58,960 singer singing and I turned around to my friend and said, 383 00:26:58,960 --> 00:27:01,040 "Look, even me and you could do better than that". 384 00:27:01,040 --> 00:27:02,360 She said, "You could anyway" 385 00:27:02,360 --> 00:27:06,320 so she went up to the group and she said something in their ear. 386 00:27:06,320 --> 00:27:09,120 Next thing I knew I was up on the stage singing with them. 387 00:27:09,120 --> 00:27:12,640 # Tomorrow I'll see him 388 00:27:12,640 --> 00:27:17,840 # Tomorrow he's arriving home after being 389 00:27:17,840 --> 00:27:21,320 # Away quite some time 390 00:27:24,000 --> 00:27:27,400 # And then there'll be him 391 00:27:27,400 --> 00:27:30,600 # Thinking I've been loving him alone 392 00:27:30,600 --> 00:27:35,240 # How can I say I don't want him to be mine? # 393 00:27:38,320 --> 00:27:42,000 Sandie, you said you'd like to get married and have five children. 394 00:27:42,000 --> 00:27:44,880 Does this mean that secretly you'd like to give up the business? 395 00:27:44,880 --> 00:27:48,880 No, no, if I was married I just wouldn't work so much. 396 00:27:48,880 --> 00:27:52,000 But you'd still work? 397 00:27:52,000 --> 00:27:54,400 Yes, a little cos I'd get bored otherwise. 398 00:27:54,400 --> 00:27:56,840 Between having children? 399 00:27:56,840 --> 00:28:00,160 That's the work. Oh, I see. 400 00:28:00,160 --> 00:28:02,880 When you didn't work, when you had your three children, 401 00:28:02,880 --> 00:28:05,440 when they were smaller, how did you like that? 402 00:28:05,440 --> 00:28:09,480 I hate being at home all day. 403 00:28:09,480 --> 00:28:14,480 Now I'm at work, I'd sooner be at work myself. 404 00:28:14,480 --> 00:28:16,160 I don't get so fed up. 405 00:28:16,160 --> 00:28:20,080 I was very irritable before when I was at home, 406 00:28:20,080 --> 00:28:21,800 but all that's finished now. 407 00:28:21,800 --> 00:28:24,360 I'm very independent now. 408 00:28:24,360 --> 00:28:28,560 # I'm walkin' all around the town 409 00:28:28,560 --> 00:28:31,840 # Singin' all the people down 410 00:28:31,840 --> 00:28:35,680 # Talkin' around, talkin' around 411 00:28:39,520 --> 00:28:42,920 # Me and my cat named Dog 412 00:28:42,920 --> 00:28:46,760 # Are walkin' high against the fog 413 00:28:46,760 --> 00:28:50,480 # Singin' the sun, singin' the sun 414 00:28:54,320 --> 00:28:58,520 # Happy, sad and crazy wonder 415 00:28:58,520 --> 00:29:02,920 # Chokin' up my mind with perpetual... # 416 00:29:02,920 --> 00:29:05,960 I manage a carnival novelty shop. 417 00:29:05,960 --> 00:29:08,760 I find it very interesting and you have a laugh. 418 00:29:08,760 --> 00:29:11,400 # Driftin' up and down the street 419 00:29:11,400 --> 00:29:14,640 # Searchin' for the sound of people. # 420 00:29:14,640 --> 00:29:16,880 Can I help you, sir? 421 00:29:16,880 --> 00:29:19,880 # Swingin' their feet 422 00:29:19,880 --> 00:29:22,560 # Dog is a good old cat. # 423 00:29:22,560 --> 00:29:24,840 There's the mustard pot. 424 00:29:27,920 --> 00:29:30,920 # That's where I'm at That's where I'm at 425 00:29:33,120 --> 00:29:36,560 # Happy, sad and crazy wonder. # 426 00:29:36,560 --> 00:29:40,280 Women now are not only financially independent in some degree, 427 00:29:40,280 --> 00:29:42,880 but are also able to do things long thought to be the prerogative 428 00:29:42,880 --> 00:29:44,400 of men. 429 00:29:44,400 --> 00:29:47,160 For many men there's nothing quite so masculine as the view from 430 00:29:47,160 --> 00:29:48,960 behind a steering wheel, 431 00:29:48,960 --> 00:29:52,400 but questions of what is masculine or feminine are less clear-cut. 432 00:29:52,400 --> 00:29:55,000 Men's work and women's work have to be bargained afresh by each 433 00:29:55,000 --> 00:29:56,520 partner in each marriage. 434 00:29:56,520 --> 00:29:59,840 In the past, roles were clearer. Men worked, women kept house. 435 00:29:59,840 --> 00:30:03,600 MUSIC: Little By Little by Dusty Springfield 436 00:30:06,640 --> 00:30:10,600 # Little by little by little by little by little 437 00:30:13,400 --> 00:30:17,040 # You're messing up my life Tearing me apart 438 00:30:17,040 --> 00:30:22,160 # Breaking up my world and I'm giving up my heart 439 00:30:23,800 --> 00:30:27,120 # Little by little by little by little. # 440 00:30:28,960 --> 00:30:33,680 It's A Man's World II is one of Pauline Boty's last paintings. 441 00:30:33,680 --> 00:30:36,920 She was to die of cancer in July 1966. 442 00:30:38,560 --> 00:30:42,760 Since the early '60s she'd been making TV and radio appearances, 443 00:30:42,760 --> 00:30:44,680 a celebrity artist. 444 00:30:44,680 --> 00:30:47,400 And the Brigitte Bardot of Wimbledon as she was called 445 00:30:47,400 --> 00:30:50,840 had long blurred the boundaries between art, fashion and pop. 446 00:30:54,760 --> 00:30:58,280 # Little by little by little by little by little, yeah. # 447 00:31:00,040 --> 00:31:03,000 What's that? That's the finger pointing at you. 448 00:31:03,000 --> 00:31:06,000 The bomb. That's Beethoven's pen. 449 00:31:07,160 --> 00:31:09,840 Who's that? That's Somerset Maugham. 450 00:31:09,840 --> 00:31:13,760 I don't know who the lady peeping out of his eye is. No. 451 00:31:13,760 --> 00:31:15,760 'I've always had very vivid dreams 452 00:31:15,760 --> 00:31:18,480 'and I can remember them very, very easily. 453 00:31:18,480 --> 00:31:22,400 'I've used the kind of atmosphere of my dreams in my collages. 454 00:31:22,400 --> 00:31:25,440 'I think there are two things about this and one is that 455 00:31:25,440 --> 00:31:28,720 'I often take the moment before something has actually happened 456 00:31:28,720 --> 00:31:32,760 'and you don't know if it's going to be terrible, 457 00:31:32,760 --> 00:31:35,280 'or it might be very funny. 458 00:31:35,280 --> 00:31:38,840 'The other thing is that something extraordinary is actually 459 00:31:38,840 --> 00:31:42,520 'happening and everyone around isn't taking any notice of it at all.' 460 00:31:42,520 --> 00:31:46,200 MUSIC: Daytripper by The Beatles 461 00:32:02,480 --> 00:32:05,760 The Beatles had first taken LSD the previous year, 462 00:32:05,760 --> 00:32:08,560 opening up the doors of perception. 463 00:32:08,560 --> 00:32:12,760 The acid took full effect as they entered the lift of the Ab Lib Club. 464 00:32:12,760 --> 00:32:15,920 John and George had been given the drug by their dentist 465 00:32:15,920 --> 00:32:19,600 Dr John Riley at a dinner party earlier in the evening. 466 00:32:19,600 --> 00:32:23,960 # Took me so long to find out 467 00:32:23,960 --> 00:32:26,400 # I found out 468 00:32:29,920 --> 00:32:32,080 # Ooh, baby 469 00:32:33,600 --> 00:32:36,760 # She's a big teaser 470 00:32:36,760 --> 00:32:40,200 # She took me half the way there 471 00:32:40,200 --> 00:32:43,480 # She's a big teaser 472 00:32:43,480 --> 00:32:45,760 # She took me half the way there. # 473 00:32:48,440 --> 00:32:50,800 This is a psychedelic drug. 474 00:32:50,800 --> 00:32:56,160 That is a drug which expands or at least changes the consciousness. 475 00:32:56,160 --> 00:32:58,760 Mescaline is another such drug. 476 00:32:58,760 --> 00:33:03,600 But this is far and away the most powerful of the psychedelics. 477 00:33:07,400 --> 00:33:10,280 Three drops of this colourless, odourless, 478 00:33:10,280 --> 00:33:14,280 tasteless liquid would put you out of your mind for hours. 479 00:33:14,280 --> 00:33:19,000 Out of your normal mind into kinds of consciousness so fantastic, 480 00:33:19,000 --> 00:33:23,320 so self-revealing, so charged with emotion, that usually 481 00:33:23,320 --> 00:33:27,360 the first dose is the most profound experience in our lifetime 482 00:33:27,360 --> 00:33:29,880 and sometimes the most shattering. 483 00:33:29,880 --> 00:33:32,280 This can be psychological dynamite. 484 00:33:37,600 --> 00:33:42,480 A room at the beginning of an LSD experience may begin to undulate. 485 00:33:42,480 --> 00:33:48,080 Walls may seem to be breathing in and out or to be vibrating or 486 00:33:48,080 --> 00:33:51,480 to be moving like water. 487 00:33:53,520 --> 00:33:57,440 Colours become more vivid. 488 00:33:57,440 --> 00:34:03,120 Sometimes they begin to merge with sound and you get 489 00:34:03,120 --> 00:34:08,040 a synaesthetic experience and our distinctions between seeing 490 00:34:08,040 --> 00:34:11,040 and hearing and tasting and smelling dissolves 491 00:34:11,040 --> 00:34:15,160 so you're not sure whether you're touching a smell or smelling a sound 492 00:34:15,160 --> 00:34:17,840 or hearing a taste. 493 00:34:23,560 --> 00:34:25,400 Now why are you laughing? 494 00:34:25,400 --> 00:34:27,160 The microphone. 495 00:34:27,160 --> 00:34:29,280 The microphone there. 496 00:34:30,680 --> 00:34:33,880 # One pill makes you larger 497 00:34:33,880 --> 00:34:37,720 # And one pill makes you small 498 00:34:37,720 --> 00:34:41,480 # And the ones that mother gives you 499 00:34:41,480 --> 00:34:45,320 # Don't do anything at all 500 00:34:45,320 --> 00:34:48,200 # Go ask Alice 501 00:34:48,200 --> 00:34:50,360 # When she's ten feet tall. # 502 00:34:50,360 --> 00:34:53,080 There can be Alice in Wonderland-type 503 00:34:53,080 --> 00:34:57,720 transformations whereby one feels one's getting smaller or larger 504 00:34:57,720 --> 00:34:59,760 or disappearing altogether. 505 00:35:01,200 --> 00:35:07,160 It makes the constancy of the body image relatively inconstant. 506 00:35:15,840 --> 00:35:19,200 I beg your pardon, Your Majesty, for bringing these along 507 00:35:19,200 --> 00:35:23,840 but I hadn't quite finished my tea when I was sent for. 508 00:35:23,840 --> 00:35:26,760 # You just add some kind of mushroom. # 509 00:35:28,040 --> 00:35:31,640 Grace Slick was in The Great Society when she recorded the first version 510 00:35:31,640 --> 00:35:34,960 of the Lewis Carroll-inspired White Rabbit in San Francisco. 511 00:35:36,840 --> 00:35:39,400 They and her next group, Jefferson Airplane, 512 00:35:39,400 --> 00:35:43,400 were part of an emerging scene on the west coast of America. 513 00:35:43,400 --> 00:35:46,280 Along with The Byrds and Love, they saw their music as 514 00:35:46,280 --> 00:35:50,080 a way of expressing their LSD or psychedelic experiences. 515 00:35:53,200 --> 00:35:57,440 The LSD controversy has split America with hysteria on both sides. 516 00:35:59,240 --> 00:36:02,600 Black-market LSD is sold freely on every college campus 517 00:36:02,600 --> 00:36:05,160 and in some high schools. 518 00:36:05,160 --> 00:36:08,840 So far, it's strictly a middle-class escape hatch. 519 00:36:08,840 --> 00:36:12,400 There are groups of people taking this experience regularly in 520 00:36:12,400 --> 00:36:15,160 every big community and they include a high proportion of 521 00:36:15,160 --> 00:36:18,120 influential, cultured, successful people. 522 00:36:20,680 --> 00:36:24,120 Clinically, it works by giving the patient understanding of 523 00:36:24,120 --> 00:36:28,720 their unconscious processes which are basically ground in their 524 00:36:28,720 --> 00:36:30,560 early childhood. 525 00:36:30,560 --> 00:36:34,160 Speak roughly to your little boy and beat him when he sneezes. 526 00:36:34,160 --> 00:36:37,160 He only does it to annoy because he knows it teases. 527 00:36:38,720 --> 00:36:41,120 Here, nurse him for a bit. 528 00:36:42,400 --> 00:36:45,600 I've taken the drug myself under guidance 15 years ago 529 00:36:45,600 --> 00:36:47,200 and there's no argument. 530 00:36:47,200 --> 00:36:51,440 You can go right away back to your babyhood and experience fantastic 531 00:36:51,440 --> 00:36:56,280 things out of your babyhood of which you are completely unconscious. 532 00:36:56,280 --> 00:37:01,480 This journey inside has driven people mad, truly insane. 533 00:37:01,480 --> 00:37:05,120 That's one reason for the restrictions. 534 00:37:05,120 --> 00:37:07,560 A less obvious reason is authorities fear 535 00:37:07,560 --> 00:37:11,640 a social nonconformism by chemical subversion. 536 00:37:11,640 --> 00:37:15,680 A common and often desired result of frequent trips is less readiness 537 00:37:15,680 --> 00:37:21,600 to accept the conditioned attitudes and social myth that buttress power. 538 00:37:24,240 --> 00:37:26,400 Where am I? 539 00:37:27,840 --> 00:37:31,040 MUSIC: Substitute by The Who 540 00:37:35,640 --> 00:37:39,840 # You think we look pretty good together 541 00:37:42,880 --> 00:37:47,360 # You think my shoes are made of leather 542 00:37:49,400 --> 00:37:52,920 # But I'm a substitute for another guy 543 00:37:52,920 --> 00:37:56,360 # I look pretty tall but my heels are high 544 00:37:56,360 --> 00:37:59,960 # The simple things you see are all complicated 545 00:37:59,960 --> 00:38:04,440 # I look pretty young, but I'm just back-dated, yeah 546 00:38:07,240 --> 00:38:10,680 # Substitute your lies for fact 547 00:38:10,680 --> 00:38:13,960 # I see right through your plastic mac 548 00:38:13,960 --> 00:38:18,200 # I look all white, but my dad was black... # 549 00:38:19,840 --> 00:38:22,640 TUNELESS BANGING 550 00:38:28,760 --> 00:38:32,040 # I'm a boy, I'm a boy... # 551 00:38:39,760 --> 00:38:43,200 Also caters for aggression. 552 00:38:43,200 --> 00:38:49,080 For example, when, for a brief period I stopped smashing guitars on 553 00:38:49,080 --> 00:38:53,200 stage because it was costing a lot of money, kids started 554 00:38:53,200 --> 00:38:56,840 shouting out, "Smash your guitar, Pete, smash your guitar!" 555 00:38:56,840 --> 00:38:59,560 and getting quite annoyed that I wasn't. 556 00:38:59,560 --> 00:39:02,760 To a large percentage of boys that come to see the group, 557 00:39:02,760 --> 00:39:05,360 geezers that come to see the group, 558 00:39:05,360 --> 00:39:08,400 they've come to see me hit my amplifier with my guitar 559 00:39:08,400 --> 00:39:10,640 and perhaps see a guitar break, you know. 560 00:39:10,640 --> 00:39:12,880 At least they want to see me try. 561 00:39:12,880 --> 00:39:15,520 The fact is, our group hasn't got any quality. 562 00:39:15,520 --> 00:39:17,960 It's just music sensationalism. 563 00:39:17,960 --> 00:39:22,560 You do something big on the stage and 1,000 geezers sort of go, "Ah!" 564 00:39:24,280 --> 00:39:26,760 Your standards, you can find them anywhere. 565 00:39:26,760 --> 00:39:30,280 In the pop business we're lucky in that there are no standards. 566 00:39:30,280 --> 00:39:34,640 We're more interested in production and keeping moving 567 00:39:34,640 --> 00:39:39,520 and I think quality leads to a sort of statism really. 568 00:39:39,520 --> 00:39:41,640 But what do you mean by that? 569 00:39:41,640 --> 00:39:44,960 Well, it means that if you don't... 570 00:39:44,960 --> 00:39:47,600 If you steer clear of quality, you're all right. 571 00:39:50,080 --> 00:39:53,480 My personal motivation on the stage is quite simple. 572 00:39:53,480 --> 00:39:56,480 It consists of a hate of every kind of pop music 573 00:39:56,480 --> 00:40:00,440 and a hate of everything our group has done, really. 574 00:40:00,440 --> 00:40:04,400 You get higher and higher and you are at the peak of a crescendo, 575 00:40:04,400 --> 00:40:09,000 for example. Or the peak of a recording career. You find yourself 576 00:40:09,000 --> 00:40:14,000 chopping away at your own legs, sort of auto-destructive music. 577 00:40:14,000 --> 00:40:18,040 # Ride my bike across the street 578 00:40:18,040 --> 00:40:21,400 # Cut myself and see my blood 579 00:40:21,400 --> 00:40:25,360 # I wanna come home all covered in mud 580 00:40:29,680 --> 00:40:33,920 # I'm a boy, I'm a boy But my ma won't admit it 581 00:40:33,920 --> 00:40:37,040 # I'm a boy, I'm a boy, I'm a boy 582 00:40:37,040 --> 00:40:44,680 # I'm a boy, I'm a boy, I'm a boy I'm a boy, I'm a boy, I'm a boy 583 00:40:44,680 --> 00:40:50,160 # I'm a boy. # 584 00:40:55,400 --> 00:40:58,480 The auto-destructive artist Gustav Metzger, 585 00:40:58,480 --> 00:41:01,680 who'd influenced The Who's Pete Townshend as an art student, 586 00:41:01,680 --> 00:41:05,920 was one of the chief organisers of the Destruction in Art Symposium. 587 00:41:05,920 --> 00:41:07,800 This series of exhibitions, 588 00:41:07,800 --> 00:41:11,720 events and happenings in London took place over several days. 589 00:41:11,720 --> 00:41:14,960 It attracted avant-garde artists from all over the world, 590 00:41:14,960 --> 00:41:17,080 including the Viennese Actionists, 591 00:41:17,080 --> 00:41:21,280 whose performances with dead sheep and humans smeared with entrails 592 00:41:21,280 --> 00:41:25,600 led to a charge of staging "a lewd and indecent exhibition". 593 00:41:27,440 --> 00:41:30,080 Yoko Ono, whose association with Fluxus, 594 00:41:30,080 --> 00:41:34,360 a group of American Neo-Dadaists, performed Cut, during which 595 00:41:34,360 --> 00:41:37,880 she invited members of the audience to come up on stage and...cut. 596 00:41:39,920 --> 00:41:42,560 Audience participation, confrontation, 597 00:41:42,560 --> 00:41:46,640 the idea of devising situations to upset convention and change 598 00:41:46,640 --> 00:41:50,480 the world, this was the aesthetic of the Happening which dissolved 599 00:41:50,480 --> 00:41:54,160 the distinction between painting, sculpture, theatre, film, 600 00:41:54,160 --> 00:41:55,560 music and dance. 601 00:41:56,840 --> 00:42:00,640 The idea was a total environment, where the senses were assaulted, 602 00:42:00,640 --> 00:42:03,840 deranged and transformed like a drug experience. 603 00:42:05,440 --> 00:42:08,320 This was the approach of Andy Warhol's Factory house band, 604 00:42:08,320 --> 00:42:12,600 the Velvet Underground who, as part of the Exploding Plastic Inevitable, 605 00:42:12,600 --> 00:42:17,200 participated in "Happenings" rather than simply playing concerts. 606 00:42:17,200 --> 00:42:20,040 Lighting the touchpaper for a disco inferno. 607 00:42:28,640 --> 00:42:32,040 # Meeting people on my way 608 00:42:32,040 --> 00:42:35,680 # Seemingly I've known one day 609 00:42:35,680 --> 00:42:38,880 # Familiarity of things 610 00:42:38,880 --> 00:42:42,400 # That my dreaming always brings 611 00:42:42,400 --> 00:42:45,720 # Happenings ten years' time ago 612 00:42:45,720 --> 00:42:49,560 # Situations we really know 613 00:42:49,560 --> 00:42:52,600 # But the knowing is in the mind 614 00:42:52,600 --> 00:42:56,560 # Sinking deep into the well of time 615 00:42:56,560 --> 00:42:59,840 # Sinking deep into the well of time... # 616 00:43:13,840 --> 00:43:17,000 RADIO: They think it's all over. It is now. 617 00:43:17,000 --> 00:43:23,880 # I hear the sound of distant drums 618 00:43:26,360 --> 00:43:33,880 # Far away, far away... # 619 00:43:36,200 --> 00:43:39,280 As a reflection of record sales, 620 00:43:39,280 --> 00:43:41,800 the charts gave back a split image. 621 00:43:41,800 --> 00:43:45,440 The more pop pushed the boundaries, the greater the resistance. 622 00:43:46,520 --> 00:43:50,200 Jim Reeves' Distant Drums was the British number one for five weeks in 623 00:43:50,200 --> 00:43:52,760 the autumn, slowing everything down. 624 00:43:55,680 --> 00:44:00,560 # So, Mary, marry me 625 00:44:00,560 --> 00:44:05,640 # Let's not wait 626 00:44:05,640 --> 00:44:10,440 # Let's share all the time we can 627 00:44:10,440 --> 00:44:12,680 # Before it's too late... # 628 00:44:12,680 --> 00:44:14,000 You've gone a long way from 629 00:44:14,000 --> 00:44:15,920 I Want To Hold Your Hand to Eleanor Rigby. 630 00:44:15,920 --> 00:44:18,320 What direction are you trying to move your music? 631 00:44:18,320 --> 00:44:22,000 We're just trying to move it in a forward direction and this is 632 00:44:22,000 --> 00:44:24,360 the point, this is why we are getting in all these messes 633 00:44:24,360 --> 00:44:26,080 with saying things. 634 00:44:26,080 --> 00:44:29,040 Because, you know, we're just trying to move forward. 635 00:44:31,360 --> 00:44:34,040 The sleeves of the Beatles' American compilation album, 636 00:44:34,040 --> 00:44:35,920 Yesterday And Today, 637 00:44:35,920 --> 00:44:39,720 were deemed too disturbing by their record company and pulped. 638 00:44:39,720 --> 00:44:42,280 Buried in a swampy landfill in Pennsylvania. 639 00:44:43,400 --> 00:44:45,800 But it was only the start of their troubles. 640 00:44:45,800 --> 00:44:48,640 John Lennon had compared the Beatles' popularity 641 00:44:48,640 --> 00:44:50,280 to that of Jesus Christ. 642 00:44:53,000 --> 00:44:56,000 SCREAMING 643 00:45:05,240 --> 00:45:07,560 The Beatles were picketed in Japan, 644 00:45:07,560 --> 00:45:10,000 they were thrown out of the Philippines 645 00:45:10,000 --> 00:45:12,200 and now they are being banned in America. 646 00:45:12,200 --> 00:45:13,880 Is this the end of The Beatles? 647 00:45:15,680 --> 00:45:19,080 They are going to be executed. What do you mean? 648 00:45:19,080 --> 00:45:22,960 They are going to have their heads taken off. What, all of them? 649 00:45:22,960 --> 00:45:25,960 Yes, the whole lot. Do you mind being asked questions about Vietnam? 650 00:45:25,960 --> 00:45:27,280 Does this seem useful? 651 00:45:27,280 --> 00:45:29,680 It seems a bit silly to be in America and for none of them to 652 00:45:29,680 --> 00:45:31,680 mention Vietnam, as if nothing was happening. 653 00:45:31,680 --> 00:45:33,480 Hold your tongue. I won't! 654 00:45:33,480 --> 00:45:36,000 You can't just keep quiet about anything that's going on in 655 00:45:36,000 --> 00:45:39,560 the world, unless you are a monk. Sorry, monks, I didn't mean it! 656 00:45:39,560 --> 00:45:41,080 I meant, actually... 657 00:45:41,080 --> 00:45:43,840 The Klan has taken issue with The Beatles on the remarks they made 658 00:45:43,840 --> 00:45:45,000 about Christianity. 659 00:45:45,000 --> 00:45:48,960 But wasn't it their remarks about civil rights and colour that 660 00:45:48,960 --> 00:45:52,200 annoyed you more, really? I don't have any knowledge of... 661 00:45:52,200 --> 00:45:54,840 It is hard for me to tell through the mop-heads and all of 662 00:45:54,840 --> 00:45:56,600 that conglomeration that they have 663 00:45:56,600 --> 00:45:58,920 whether they are even white or black themselves - 664 00:45:58,920 --> 00:46:01,600 I couldn't prove to you whether they are white or black. 665 00:46:01,600 --> 00:46:05,440 # Winchester Cathedral 666 00:46:05,440 --> 00:46:08,200 # You're bringing me down 667 00:46:10,000 --> 00:46:13,600 # You stood and you watched as... # 668 00:46:13,600 --> 00:46:15,920 I'm told that some of these motifs, 669 00:46:15,920 --> 00:46:18,360 the designs don't sell so well. 670 00:46:18,360 --> 00:46:22,880 And yet, others sell like hot cakes. Why? The slightly kinky ones. 671 00:46:22,880 --> 00:46:26,520 Lots of straps. Oh, the lady with the straps all over her bust, yes. 672 00:46:29,000 --> 00:46:33,320 Time is elastic - forwards and backwards. 673 00:46:33,320 --> 00:46:36,840 The vogue for Victoriana and Edwardiana was part of 674 00:46:36,840 --> 00:46:39,320 a more pervasive retro culture, 675 00:46:39,320 --> 00:46:43,400 the sort of recycling of the past found in Winchester Cathedral. 676 00:46:45,400 --> 00:46:49,040 This was a huge hit on both sides of the Atlantic for 677 00:46:49,040 --> 00:46:51,000 the New Vaudeville Band, 678 00:46:51,000 --> 00:46:54,520 and their gentle pastiche of the 1920s jazz age. 679 00:46:54,520 --> 00:46:58,160 But some retro wasn't at all nostalgic, 680 00:46:58,160 --> 00:47:01,680 more a dandified gesture of reappropriation. 681 00:47:01,680 --> 00:47:04,760 We own the past now and can do what we like with it. 682 00:47:06,240 --> 00:47:09,480 The pillaging started when Mick Jagger wore a Grenadier Guards 683 00:47:09,480 --> 00:47:11,880 jacket on Ready Steady Go. 684 00:47:11,880 --> 00:47:16,320 It was Jagger being tongue-in-cheek, a bit camp, anti-authoritarian. 685 00:47:16,320 --> 00:47:20,400 But doing so in militaria, the body armour of authority. 686 00:47:20,400 --> 00:47:23,200 Then the shop he'd bought the jacket from, which was called 687 00:47:23,200 --> 00:47:26,760 I Was Lord Kitchener's Valet, couldn't sell them fast enough. 688 00:47:37,000 --> 00:47:39,200 # I feel good 689 00:47:40,920 --> 00:47:42,880 # I knew that I would, now 690 00:47:44,440 --> 00:47:46,640 # I feel good 691 00:47:47,760 --> 00:47:49,400 # I knew that I would, now 692 00:47:51,360 --> 00:47:55,800 # So good, so good, I got you... # 693 00:48:00,400 --> 00:48:03,400 You didn't hear much James Brown, Wilson Pickett 694 00:48:03,400 --> 00:48:07,840 and Otis Redding on national radio. That is, the BBC and nothing but. 695 00:48:07,840 --> 00:48:11,080 Black American acts had been in the charts before but their 696 00:48:11,080 --> 00:48:16,240 growing dominance during 1966 owed a lot to pirate radio stations, 697 00:48:16,240 --> 00:48:20,520 rebelling against the BBC and government broadcasting controls. 698 00:48:20,520 --> 00:48:24,320 They played the sort of pop music your parents didn't like 699 00:48:24,320 --> 00:48:25,640 and a lot of soul, 700 00:48:25,640 --> 00:48:29,400 including new American releases not yet available in British shops. 701 00:48:31,480 --> 00:48:36,080 # I can't get no satisfaction 702 00:48:36,080 --> 00:48:40,520 # I can't get no, no satisfaction... # 703 00:48:40,520 --> 00:48:43,640 Why is soul music the biggest thing there is in England now? 704 00:48:43,640 --> 00:48:45,200 In your opinion. 705 00:48:45,200 --> 00:48:47,680 Well, I think they want to make a little change or something 706 00:48:47,680 --> 00:48:49,760 and hear some of the soul music. 707 00:48:51,120 --> 00:48:54,960 ITV's Ready Steady Go shared the pirate sensibility. 708 00:48:54,960 --> 00:48:58,360 Its weekly transmission with the liberating catchphrase 709 00:48:58,360 --> 00:49:01,320 "the weekend starts here" invited you into 710 00:49:01,320 --> 00:49:05,400 a club where you could dance and be part of the in-crowd. 711 00:49:05,400 --> 00:49:08,960 It wasn't exclusive - more like a cult with a mass audience. 712 00:49:08,960 --> 00:49:10,960 # I'll be there... # 713 00:49:10,960 --> 00:49:12,520 Otis Redding, like James Brown, 714 00:49:12,520 --> 00:49:15,880 had a whole Ready Steady Go devoted to him. 715 00:49:15,880 --> 00:49:19,400 The first such special had been in 1965, 716 00:49:19,400 --> 00:49:22,760 when Dusty Springfield showcased the Motown label, 717 00:49:22,760 --> 00:49:26,240 helping to spark off the invasion of the British charts by 718 00:49:26,240 --> 00:49:30,240 the Supremes, Martha Reeves and the Vandellas, the Miracles, 719 00:49:30,240 --> 00:49:34,160 Stevie Wonder, Marvin Gaye and the Temptations. 720 00:49:34,160 --> 00:49:36,920 But the biggest black American success of the year was 721 00:49:36,920 --> 00:49:39,520 the Four Tops with the Motown blockbuster 722 00:49:39,520 --> 00:49:41,320 Reach Out I'll Be There. 723 00:49:41,320 --> 00:49:44,000 # Reach out for me Reach out 724 00:49:44,000 --> 00:49:46,000 # Reach out for me 725 00:49:48,440 --> 00:49:51,920 # I'll be there 726 00:49:51,920 --> 00:49:55,760 # To love and comfort you 727 00:49:55,760 --> 00:49:59,400 # And I'll be there 728 00:49:59,400 --> 00:50:03,880 # To cherish and care for you... # 729 00:50:03,880 --> 00:50:06,120 Tiles, Oxford Street, London. 730 00:50:06,120 --> 00:50:09,160 Although Otis Reading performed there and The Animals did 731 00:50:09,160 --> 00:50:12,760 so on its opening night, it was the discotheque element, 732 00:50:12,760 --> 00:50:17,520 the records played by house DJs like Jeff Dexter that enabled this 733 00:50:17,520 --> 00:50:22,040 new soul music to find its dedicated audience of dancers. 734 00:50:22,040 --> 00:50:25,080 They were young, and for the American writer Tom Wolfe when 735 00:50:25,080 --> 00:50:30,320 he visited this early disco, they typified a whole social shift. 736 00:50:30,320 --> 00:50:33,960 # And through your tears you look around 737 00:50:33,960 --> 00:50:37,600 # But there's no peace of mind to be found 738 00:50:37,600 --> 00:50:39,240 # I know what you're thinking 739 00:50:39,240 --> 00:50:42,600 # You're a loner, no love of your own, but darling 740 00:50:42,600 --> 00:50:44,280 # Reach out 741 00:50:44,280 --> 00:50:46,520 # Come on, girl Reach out for me 742 00:50:46,520 --> 00:50:48,360 # Reach out 743 00:50:50,640 --> 00:50:53,120 # Just look over your shoulder 744 00:50:53,120 --> 00:51:00,400 # I'll be there to give you all the love you need. # 745 00:51:00,400 --> 00:51:02,840 Some time ago, we discussed a letter from a girl 746 00:51:02,840 --> 00:51:05,640 who wanted to come to London and was wondering what kind 747 00:51:05,640 --> 00:51:09,080 of accommodation she should expect and how to get it. 748 00:51:09,080 --> 00:51:11,960 We had so many follow-up letters after that, we decided to look 749 00:51:11,960 --> 00:51:15,040 a little more closely into the accommodation situation here. 750 00:51:15,040 --> 00:51:18,480 London is a vast and lonely city, and demand for any kind of 751 00:51:18,480 --> 00:51:20,880 accommodation is greater than supply. 752 00:51:20,880 --> 00:51:23,520 There seem to three common ways to set up house. 753 00:51:23,520 --> 00:51:26,840 The furnished bedsit, and the furnished or unfurnished flat, 754 00:51:26,840 --> 00:51:28,480 or flatlet. 755 00:51:28,480 --> 00:51:30,200 Marion Harrison, for instance, 756 00:51:30,200 --> 00:51:33,720 shares a double bedsit in Hampstead with a fellow Liverpudlian. 757 00:51:33,720 --> 00:51:37,720 Rent divided between them comes to £3.12s.6d each. 758 00:51:37,720 --> 00:51:40,120 The girls wash in the kitchen sink. 759 00:51:40,120 --> 00:51:42,360 The bathroom and toilet are in the basement. 760 00:51:42,360 --> 00:51:45,840 The most difficult part about it if we want to have boyfriends in 761 00:51:45,840 --> 00:51:48,280 and we want to be on our own with a boyfriend, 762 00:51:48,280 --> 00:51:50,240 the other one has to go out. 763 00:51:52,760 --> 00:51:55,640 Elaine West is 23, a nurse. 764 00:51:55,640 --> 00:51:59,400 She shares this ground floor flat in Westbourne Park, North London, 765 00:51:59,400 --> 00:52:04,160 with three other girls. That means they each pay £2.12s.6d. 766 00:52:04,160 --> 00:52:07,480 The flat is completely self-contained with two rooms, 767 00:52:07,480 --> 00:52:09,840 kitchen, bathroom and separate toilet. 768 00:52:09,840 --> 00:52:12,680 I have in the past asked the landlord, or several times, to 769 00:52:12,680 --> 00:52:15,280 fix things, but it's very difficult to get hold of him. 770 00:52:15,280 --> 00:52:18,800 I've rung his number numerous times and got a very efficient secretary 771 00:52:18,800 --> 00:52:22,000 who said, "Oh, yes, leave your number and he'll ring you back." 772 00:52:22,000 --> 00:52:24,080 But I've had no joy with this. 773 00:52:24,080 --> 00:52:26,680 He doesn't seem to ring back and you ring again and again and 774 00:52:26,680 --> 00:52:28,240 nothing happens. 775 00:52:28,240 --> 00:52:31,240 # There's a crack up in the ceiling 776 00:52:31,240 --> 00:52:34,920 # And the kitchen sink is leaking 777 00:52:34,920 --> 00:52:38,880 # Out of work and got no money 778 00:52:38,880 --> 00:52:41,920 # A Sunday joint of bread and honey... # 779 00:52:41,920 --> 00:52:43,880 The Kinks' Dead End Street paints 780 00:52:43,880 --> 00:52:47,400 a bleak picture, but with a zany satiric humour. 781 00:52:47,400 --> 00:52:48,840 Dismissed as "sick" by 782 00:52:48,840 --> 00:52:51,360 a Top Of The Pops producer in November, 783 00:52:51,360 --> 00:52:54,920 the single's promotional film was banned by the BBC. 784 00:52:54,920 --> 00:52:57,360 # The rent collector's knocking, trying to get in... # 785 00:52:57,360 --> 00:53:01,360 Ray Davies said that he wanted to write a depression song at a time 786 00:53:01,360 --> 00:53:04,760 when the country was still suffering under the government's imposition of 787 00:53:04,760 --> 00:53:09,720 a wages and prices freeze, a major blip in the '60s economic boom. 788 00:53:09,720 --> 00:53:12,960 # People are living in dead end street. # 789 00:53:19,160 --> 00:53:21,920 Dead End Street echoed what writers and directors 790 00:53:21,920 --> 00:53:24,000 were regularly doing on TV. 791 00:53:25,760 --> 00:53:27,680 The Wednesday Play in particular 792 00:53:27,680 --> 00:53:30,080 often focused on controversial issues. 793 00:53:30,080 --> 00:53:33,480 With the most powerful medium of the day concentrated 794 00:53:33,480 --> 00:53:36,600 into only three channels, you could address the nation. 795 00:53:44,200 --> 00:53:47,800 # I think I'm going back... # 796 00:53:47,800 --> 00:53:49,960 Written by Jeremy Sandford, 797 00:53:49,960 --> 00:53:53,360 no drama ever had the impact of Cathy Come Home. 798 00:53:53,360 --> 00:53:56,880 The whole country talked about it the following day. 799 00:53:56,880 --> 00:54:00,880 A huge TV event which led to the setting up of the homelessness 800 00:54:00,880 --> 00:54:03,400 charity Shelter. 801 00:54:03,400 --> 00:54:05,440 It begins romantically enough, 802 00:54:05,440 --> 00:54:08,600 enhanced by the casting of Carol White, a star, 803 00:54:08,600 --> 00:54:10,360 and another Brigitte Bardot - 804 00:54:10,360 --> 00:54:13,640 in her case, the Bardot of Battersea. 805 00:54:13,640 --> 00:54:17,160 She could be in a boy-meets-girl pop song, but it soon 806 00:54:17,160 --> 00:54:21,080 begins to sound more like something Ray Davies might have written. 807 00:54:21,080 --> 00:54:24,960 That was through the radioactive dust, was it? Oh, yeah. Oh. 808 00:54:25,960 --> 00:54:28,160 There's 200,000 more families in the London area 809 00:54:28,160 --> 00:54:30,040 than there are homes to put them. 810 00:54:30,040 --> 00:54:32,840 And in addition, there's 60,000 single persons living 811 00:54:32,840 --> 00:54:36,040 without sinks or stoves. In seven central London boroughs, 812 00:54:36,040 --> 00:54:39,040 at least one in 10 of all household is overcrowded. 813 00:54:39,040 --> 00:54:42,200 That is to say, living more than 1.5 people per room. 814 00:54:42,200 --> 00:54:43,520 Hello. 815 00:54:43,520 --> 00:54:46,960 Is your room still to let? No, is it still in that place? 816 00:54:46,960 --> 00:54:48,440 Yes, it is. 817 00:54:48,440 --> 00:54:49,680 Well, you know, 818 00:54:49,680 --> 00:54:53,120 it'll be a week tomorrow since I told them to take it out. 819 00:54:53,120 --> 00:54:55,040 A few years back, 820 00:54:55,040 --> 00:54:58,040 figures released by the LCC revealed that families of certain sizes 821 00:54:58,040 --> 00:54:59,480 at the rate of building in force 822 00:54:59,480 --> 00:55:02,520 would be 350 years on the housing list before they were offered 823 00:55:02,520 --> 00:55:04,200 a house. 824 00:55:04,200 --> 00:55:09,880 Birmingham, 39,000 families on the waiting list, Leeds, 13,500. 825 00:55:09,880 --> 00:55:12,680 After Cathy's husband Reg has an accident at work 826 00:55:12,680 --> 00:55:16,120 and eventually loses his job, things quickly spiral. 827 00:55:16,120 --> 00:55:18,560 Unemployment, eviction, homelessness, 828 00:55:18,560 --> 00:55:20,800 breakdown of the marriage. 829 00:55:20,800 --> 00:55:24,200 Eventually, the children are taken into care. 830 00:55:24,200 --> 00:55:26,840 The drama was produced by Tony Garnett and shot by 831 00:55:26,840 --> 00:55:30,240 its director Ken Loach like a documentary. 832 00:55:30,240 --> 00:55:33,360 Its voiceovers like placards in Agitprop theatre 833 00:55:33,360 --> 00:55:35,920 or banners on a left-wing demo. 834 00:55:35,920 --> 00:55:38,440 SHE SOBS 835 00:55:38,440 --> 00:55:41,080 These people are casualties of the welfare state. 836 00:55:41,080 --> 00:55:43,280 Perhaps the worst casualties of all. 837 00:55:43,280 --> 00:55:45,240 They are pushed around like so much human litter 838 00:55:45,240 --> 00:55:47,120 and nobody will help them. 839 00:55:51,560 --> 00:55:53,680 Originally, homelessness was regarded as 840 00:55:53,680 --> 00:55:55,840 a passing post-war phase, 841 00:55:55,840 --> 00:56:00,440 but the problem now appears to be with us for the foreseeable future. 842 00:56:04,120 --> 00:56:06,320 You're not having my kids! 843 00:56:06,320 --> 00:56:07,640 You're not having them! 844 00:56:07,640 --> 00:56:10,120 BABY CRIES, SHE SCREAMS 845 00:56:22,600 --> 00:56:27,440 # Tell me a story about how you adore me 846 00:56:27,440 --> 00:56:31,880 # Live in the shadow See through the shadow 847 00:56:31,880 --> 00:56:37,160 # Live through the shadow Tear at the shadow 848 00:56:37,160 --> 00:56:39,840 # Hate in the shadow 849 00:56:39,840 --> 00:56:45,840 # And love in your shadowy life 850 00:56:45,840 --> 00:56:51,280 # Have you seen your lover, baby, standing in the shadow? 851 00:56:51,280 --> 00:56:55,960 # Has he had another baby, standing in the shadow? 852 00:56:55,960 --> 00:56:58,600 # Baby, where have you been all your life? 853 00:57:00,320 --> 00:57:03,520 # Talking about all the people 854 00:57:03,520 --> 00:57:10,040 # Who would try anything twice 855 00:57:12,320 --> 00:57:16,680 # Have you seen your mother, baby, standing in the shadow? 856 00:57:16,680 --> 00:57:21,640 # Have you had another baby, standing in the shadow? 857 00:57:21,640 --> 00:57:26,280 # You take your choice at this time 858 00:57:26,280 --> 00:57:29,400 # The brave old world or a slide 859 00:57:29,400 --> 00:57:36,800 # To the depths of decline. # 860 00:57:44,040 --> 00:57:48,440 In late 1966, British pop was juddering to a halt. 861 00:57:48,440 --> 00:57:51,600 After their bitter experiences in America and the Far East in 862 00:57:51,600 --> 00:57:55,240 late summer, The Beatles would never tour again. 863 00:57:55,240 --> 00:57:57,560 Through out the autumn, they did a disappearing act, 864 00:57:57,560 --> 00:58:00,880 like the Cheshire Cat, conspicuous by their absence. 865 00:58:00,880 --> 00:58:07,200 It felt like they had left a vacuum, an empty stage, but not for long. 866 00:58:07,200 --> 00:58:12,440 # I, I love the colourful clothes she wears 867 00:58:12,440 --> 00:58:18,920 # And the way the sunlight plays upon her hair... # 868 00:58:18,920 --> 00:58:23,160 Clamouring to fill the situation vacant was a new kind of pop group - 869 00:58:23,160 --> 00:58:28,160 or rather band - noted for sheer musical ability and showmanship. 870 00:58:28,160 --> 00:58:29,560 Towards the end of the year, 871 00:58:29,560 --> 00:58:34,040 The Jimi Hendrix Experience and Cream released chart singles. 872 00:58:36,680 --> 00:58:40,440 But it was a Californian pop group who dominated the charts with 873 00:58:40,440 --> 00:58:42,960 their number-one hit Good Vibrations. 874 00:58:44,360 --> 00:58:48,440 The Beach Boys were reinventing themselves as craftsmen. 875 00:58:48,440 --> 00:58:53,560 Good Vibrations was at that point the most expensive single ever made. 876 00:58:53,560 --> 00:58:55,840 It was highly wrought and technological, 877 00:58:55,840 --> 00:58:58,000 built up of complex sound layers. 878 00:59:00,640 --> 00:59:04,560 Its mastermind Brian Wilson saw the studio as the future. 879 00:59:07,960 --> 00:59:10,240 And so did The Beatles. 880 00:59:10,240 --> 00:59:11,680 By the end of the year, 881 00:59:11,680 --> 00:59:14,360 not only had they recorded Strawberry Fields Forever, 882 00:59:14,360 --> 00:59:16,760 they had also begun to record 883 00:59:16,760 --> 00:59:19,880 Sgt Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band - 884 00:59:19,880 --> 00:59:23,480 an album, of course, they would never perform live. 885 00:59:23,480 --> 00:59:25,600 Can I ask you a few questions? Yes. 886 00:59:25,600 --> 00:59:28,000 Do you think the tours, like the American tours, 887 00:59:28,000 --> 00:59:30,360 are you fed up of being Beatles and Beatlemania? 888 00:59:30,360 --> 00:59:33,080 The thing is, we can't do a tour like we've been doing all 889 00:59:33,080 --> 00:59:35,200 these years because our music's progressed, 890 00:59:35,200 --> 00:59:36,720 we've used more instruments. 891 00:59:36,720 --> 00:59:39,640 It'd be soft, us going on stage the four of us and trying 892 00:59:39,640 --> 00:59:43,200 to do the records we've made with orchestras and bands and things. 893 00:59:43,200 --> 00:59:44,840 If we went on stage, 894 00:59:44,840 --> 00:59:47,360 we'd have to have a whole line-up of men behind us. 895 00:59:47,360 --> 00:59:50,320 Are you getting bored of being The Beatles after all this time? 896 00:59:50,320 --> 00:59:52,320 I'm having a great time. 897 00:59:52,320 --> 00:59:54,280 Merry Christmas to you. 898 00:59:54,280 --> 00:59:55,960 Long time since I've seen you. 899 00:59:59,440 --> 01:00:01,480 What sort of people live about here? 900 01:00:02,760 --> 01:00:04,680 (In that direction lives a Hatter, 901 01:00:04,680 --> 01:00:07,120 (and in that direction lives a March Hare. 902 01:00:07,120 --> 01:00:09,120 (They're both mad.) 903 01:00:09,120 --> 01:00:12,000 But I don't want to go among mad people. 904 01:00:12,000 --> 01:00:13,480 (Oh, you can't help that. 905 01:00:13,480 --> 01:00:15,600 (We're all mad here. 906 01:00:15,600 --> 01:00:18,040 (I'm mad. You're mad.) 907 01:00:21,000 --> 01:00:23,880 (By the by, what became of the baby? 908 01:00:23,880 --> 01:00:26,680 (I'd nearly forgotten to ask.) 909 01:00:26,680 --> 01:00:28,920 It turned into a pig. 910 01:00:28,920 --> 01:00:31,080 (I thought it would.) 911 01:00:35,040 --> 01:00:37,080 (Did you say pig, or fig?) 912 01:00:37,080 --> 01:00:38,240 I said pig. 913 01:00:40,080 --> 01:00:43,200 Jonathan Miller's masterpiece Alice in Wonderland 914 01:00:43,200 --> 01:00:46,600 was broadcast by the BBC on 28th December. 915 01:00:48,720 --> 01:00:52,840 1966 was the last year singles would outsell albums 916 01:00:52,840 --> 01:00:56,000 and progressive pop, as it was called at the end of the year, 917 01:00:56,000 --> 01:00:58,560 would soon be known as rock. 918 01:00:58,560 --> 01:01:01,400 The world of pop music would never be the same again.