1 00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:17,240 2 00:00:17,240 --> 00:00:21,320 Millions of pilgrims flocked to this small town in Portugal. 3 00:00:21,320 --> 00:00:25,770 Was a vision of the Virgin Mary really seen here? 4 00:00:25,770 --> 00:00:27,890 In Ireland, believers and non-believers 5 00:00:27,890 --> 00:00:30,190 say they see this statue move. 6 00:00:30,190 --> 00:00:34,570 Is it a miracle or does science have an explanation? 7 00:00:34,570 --> 00:00:37,800 An apparition of the Virgin Mary on a church wall. 8 00:00:37,800 --> 00:00:42,000 But has an investigator unlocked its secrets? 9 00:00:42,000 --> 00:00:44,390 Mysteries from the files of Arthur C. Clarke, 10 00:00:44,390 --> 00:00:48,830 author of 2001 and inventor of the communications satellite. 11 00:00:48,830 --> 00:00:51,840 Now in retreat in Sri Lanka, he ponders the riddles 12 00:00:51,840 --> 00:00:53,250 of this and other worlds. 13 00:00:53,250 --> 00:01:30,550 14 00:01:30,550 --> 00:01:34,010 This fishing harbor at Negombo has a special significance 15 00:01:34,010 --> 00:01:36,270 in the history of Sri Lanka. 16 00:01:36,270 --> 00:01:38,710 It's here that Portuguese colonists first made 17 00:01:38,710 --> 00:01:41,630 landfall in the 16th century. 18 00:01:41,630 --> 00:01:44,880 They were after the spices that grow wild in the jungle, 19 00:01:44,880 --> 00:01:47,980 especially the cinnamon. 20 00:01:47,980 --> 00:01:51,180 The Portuguese rule was brief, only 60 years. 21 00:01:51,180 --> 00:01:53,520 But they left this island one enduring 22 00:01:53,520 --> 00:01:58,810 legacy, a network of magnificent Roman Catholic churches. 23 00:01:58,810 --> 00:02:02,070 Like all Catholics, the worshipers of Negombo 24 00:02:02,070 --> 00:02:04,460 have a special reverence for the blessed Virgin 25 00:02:04,460 --> 00:02:07,040 Mary, the mother of Christ. 26 00:02:07,040 --> 00:02:09,430 Back in Europe, over the centuries, 27 00:02:09,430 --> 00:02:12,760 a tiny handful of her followers have claimed 28 00:02:12,760 --> 00:02:15,350 that she has actually appeared to them in person, 29 00:02:15,350 --> 00:02:18,530 usually with a message for mankind. 30 00:02:18,530 --> 00:02:21,600 Such visions inspire both extraordinary mass 31 00:02:21,600 --> 00:02:24,180 devotion and controversy. 32 00:02:24,180 --> 00:02:26,430 The faithful accept them as miracles 33 00:02:26,430 --> 00:02:31,970 while skeptics probe for more down to earth explanations. 34 00:02:31,970 --> 00:02:33,680 By unique coincidence, the answers 35 00:02:33,680 --> 00:02:36,800 may be found in the homeland of those who brought 36 00:02:36,800 --> 00:02:39,330 the Roman Catholic faith here. Portugal. 37 00:02:39,330 --> 00:02:45,860 38 00:02:45,860 --> 00:02:50,090 They come from nearby, they come from far away. 39 00:02:50,090 --> 00:02:53,780 In their stockinged feet, in walking boots, and finally, 40 00:02:53,780 --> 00:02:54,755 on their knees. 41 00:02:54,755 --> 00:03:01,130 42 00:03:01,130 --> 00:03:03,180 From all over the world, four million 43 00:03:03,180 --> 00:03:07,590 pilgrims a year flock to Fatima. 44 00:03:07,590 --> 00:03:12,180 The pilgrims are drawn here because, in 1917, some children 45 00:03:12,180 --> 00:03:14,060 said they saw a vision. 46 00:03:14,060 --> 00:03:17,415 The faithful believe that Fatima is the site of a true miracle. 47 00:03:17,415 --> 00:03:20,020 48 00:03:20,020 --> 00:03:24,110 Today, Fatima welcomes pilgrims in their hundreds of thousands. 49 00:03:24,110 --> 00:03:27,570 The shrine is a far cry from the simple pastures that lay here 50 00:03:27,570 --> 00:03:30,830 in 1917 when the three young visionaries 51 00:03:30,830 --> 00:03:32,480 came out to graze their sheep. 52 00:03:32,480 --> 00:03:35,600 53 00:03:35,600 --> 00:03:39,150 Lucia de Jesus who was 10 came here with her cousins 54 00:03:39,150 --> 00:03:42,970 Francisco and Jacinta who were nine and seven years old. 55 00:03:42,970 --> 00:03:44,830 It was May to 13th. 56 00:03:44,830 --> 00:03:47,920 At mid-day, the children said, a bright light heralded 57 00:03:47,920 --> 00:03:49,730 a vision of the Virgin. 58 00:03:49,730 --> 00:03:52,190 She told them to return on the 13th day 59 00:03:52,190 --> 00:03:54,510 of the next five months. 60 00:03:54,510 --> 00:03:59,460 I think they saw because they were sincere. 61 00:03:59,460 --> 00:04:04,590 They had no influence from their parents, from other persons. 62 00:04:04,590 --> 00:04:07,690 So they were alone in their sincerity. 63 00:04:07,690 --> 00:04:11,890 I think they have clearly seen a vision. 64 00:04:11,890 --> 00:04:13,030 Yes. 65 00:04:13,030 --> 00:04:15,220 Across Europe, shrines have been established 66 00:04:15,220 --> 00:04:17,019 where children had visions. 67 00:04:17,019 --> 00:04:19,730 At Lourdes in France, Bernadette Soubirous claims 68 00:04:19,730 --> 00:04:23,430 she saw the Virgin in 1879. 69 00:04:23,430 --> 00:04:26,870 In 1961, youngsters at Garabandal in Spain 70 00:04:26,870 --> 00:04:29,580 proclaimed that the Virgin Mary was appearing to them. 71 00:04:29,580 --> 00:04:32,100 72 00:04:32,100 --> 00:04:35,940 And in 1981, six children at Medjugorje in Bosnia 73 00:04:35,940 --> 00:04:38,290 said that Virgin was bringing than messages of hope. 74 00:04:38,290 --> 00:04:43,720 75 00:04:43,720 --> 00:04:45,630 At Fatima, the highlight of each day 76 00:04:45,630 --> 00:04:48,020 is the evening precession when the Virgin 77 00:04:48,020 --> 00:04:50,370 is paraded among the pilgrims. 78 00:04:50,370 --> 00:04:53,230 It was on this spot in 1917 that the Virgin 79 00:04:53,230 --> 00:04:57,124 promised the children a miracle for all to see. 80 00:04:57,124 --> 00:05:00,780 [SINGING HYMNS] 81 00:05:00,780 --> 00:05:04,380 100,000 people turned up on October the 13th. 82 00:05:04,380 --> 00:05:07,214 [SINGING HYMNS] 83 00:05:07,214 --> 00:05:13,180 84 00:05:13,180 --> 00:05:15,580 The day started with heavy rain. 85 00:05:15,580 --> 00:05:17,760 Those that had come to scoff mocked 86 00:05:17,760 --> 00:05:19,550 the faithful for expecting to see 87 00:05:19,550 --> 00:05:21,710 anything in such conditions. 88 00:05:21,710 --> 00:05:23,970 But just before noon the downpour stopped 89 00:05:23,970 --> 00:05:26,020 and the sun appeared. 90 00:05:26,020 --> 00:05:28,650 Father Guerra's predecessor as parish priest 91 00:05:28,650 --> 00:05:32,010 wrote down this testimony. 92 00:05:32,010 --> 00:05:33,220 It's noon now. 93 00:05:33,220 --> 00:05:35,317 It's the time of apparition. 94 00:05:35,317 --> 00:05:40,170 And that time I began seeing the sun who turned, turned around, 95 00:05:40,170 --> 00:05:44,980 turned around, come down, and just touched against me so 96 00:05:44,980 --> 00:05:49,330 that I have only the time to kneel on the mat 97 00:05:49,330 --> 00:05:54,690 and to ask God, my God, pardon me because I die here. 98 00:05:54,690 --> 00:05:56,980 Every person there, believer or non-believer, 99 00:05:56,980 --> 00:05:58,630 saw the same thing. 100 00:05:58,630 --> 00:06:00,870 The sun appeared to move in the sky. 101 00:06:00,870 --> 00:06:03,110 There was a blue quality to the light. 102 00:06:03,110 --> 00:06:05,420 The sun appeared to get larger and larger. 103 00:06:05,420 --> 00:06:07,610 They thought it was coming right at them. 104 00:06:07,610 --> 00:06:09,280 Many feared for their lives. 105 00:06:09,280 --> 00:06:13,460 The newspaper headlines reported the sun dancing in the sky. 106 00:06:13,460 --> 00:06:15,100 Thousands of witnesses, they said, 107 00:06:15,100 --> 00:06:16,555 had seen a miracle at Fatima. 108 00:06:16,555 --> 00:06:20,480 109 00:06:20,480 --> 00:06:25,120 Can science explain why the sun danced that day? 110 00:06:25,120 --> 00:06:26,660 Dr. Stuart Campbell thinks the crowd 111 00:06:26,660 --> 00:06:29,170 saw not a miracle but a rarely observed 112 00:06:29,170 --> 00:06:32,420 atmospheric phenomenon. 113 00:06:32,420 --> 00:06:35,340 Naturally, I was looking for a logical, rational 114 00:06:35,340 --> 00:06:36,600 scientific explanation. 115 00:06:36,600 --> 00:06:39,600 But I was aware that dust in the atmosphere 116 00:06:39,600 --> 00:06:43,310 can cause the sun and sometimes the moon to change color. 117 00:06:43,310 --> 00:06:46,920 In fact, a blue sun was recorded in September 1950 118 00:06:46,920 --> 00:06:49,390 at the site where Campbell now stands. 119 00:06:49,390 --> 00:06:52,050 Scientists at the Royal Scottish Observatory 120 00:06:52,050 --> 00:06:55,700 discovered it was caused by a cloud of tiny smoke particles. 121 00:06:55,700 --> 00:06:58,260 These came from a forest fire in Canada. 122 00:06:58,260 --> 00:07:02,330 They'd been carried thousands of miles to Britain by the wind. 123 00:07:02,330 --> 00:07:04,190 I concluded that the same cause must have 124 00:07:04,190 --> 00:07:06,840 caused the blue sun at Fatima. 125 00:07:06,840 --> 00:07:10,230 And the only reason they could be fine particles above Fatima 126 00:07:10,230 --> 00:07:13,130 at the time would be a cloud, a fairly large cloud 127 00:07:13,130 --> 00:07:15,900 of fine particles moving across Portugal-- 128 00:07:15,900 --> 00:07:19,390 western Portugal at that time. 129 00:07:19,390 --> 00:07:21,290 Campbell believes the crowds at Fatima 130 00:07:21,290 --> 00:07:24,640 saw the sun through a dust thrown up by a volcano 131 00:07:24,640 --> 00:07:28,090 thousands of miles away. 132 00:07:28,090 --> 00:07:30,560 I looked at all the explosions of volcanoes-- 133 00:07:30,560 --> 00:07:33,200 it has to be a explosive volcano for the dust 134 00:07:33,200 --> 00:07:36,040 be thrown up in the atmosphere-- and there was a Costa Rican 135 00:07:36,040 --> 00:07:39,600 explosion-- volcano in Costa Rica that exploded about 136 00:07:39,600 --> 00:07:41,660 a few weeks before this event. 137 00:07:41,660 --> 00:07:43,710 Although, it's only about 10 degrees north of the equator. 138 00:07:43,710 --> 00:07:46,270 And it could be dust from that explosion 139 00:07:46,270 --> 00:07:49,160 that caused this event. 140 00:07:49,160 --> 00:07:50,940 Campbell's suspicions were confirmed 141 00:07:50,940 --> 00:07:53,930 when he checked the winds prevailing at the time. 142 00:07:53,930 --> 00:07:56,930 They were blowing in the right direction from Costa Rica 143 00:07:56,930 --> 00:07:59,110 to have created a blue sun in Portugal. 144 00:07:59,110 --> 00:08:06,205 145 00:08:06,205 --> 00:08:09,510 It's a simple meteorological phenomenon. 146 00:08:09,510 --> 00:08:11,920 The reason people thought the sun was advancing 147 00:08:11,920 --> 00:08:14,340 towards them was as the cloud got thinner 148 00:08:14,340 --> 00:08:15,700 the sun would get brighter. 149 00:08:15,700 --> 00:08:18,410 And people often mistake a brightening object for 150 00:08:18,410 --> 00:08:19,730 an object moving towards them. 151 00:08:19,730 --> 00:08:22,500 So there were used to this dull, bluish sun. 152 00:08:22,500 --> 00:08:24,740 Suddenly gets brighter and yellow and comes-- 153 00:08:24,740 --> 00:08:26,970 seems to come advancing towards the earth. 154 00:08:26,970 --> 00:08:28,010 Which is what they described. 155 00:08:28,010 --> 00:08:29,370 But it was just the sun returning 156 00:08:29,370 --> 00:08:31,186 to its normal brightness. 157 00:08:31,186 --> 00:08:34,669 But Dr. Campbell agrees one mystery remains. 158 00:08:34,669 --> 00:08:37,500 He can not explain how the miracle occurred exactly 159 00:08:37,500 --> 00:08:39,860 when the children predicted. 160 00:08:39,860 --> 00:08:41,929 Why it happened just when these children were saying, 161 00:08:41,929 --> 00:08:43,830 look at the sun, I can't really say except that it 162 00:08:43,830 --> 00:08:47,470 was a remarkable coincidence that just as they were claiming 163 00:08:47,470 --> 00:08:49,030 that there was going to be a miracle 164 00:08:49,030 --> 00:08:50,960 there was a rare phenomenon occurring 165 00:08:50,960 --> 00:08:52,320 right above their heads. 166 00:08:52,320 --> 00:08:53,540 It was a remarkable coincidence. 167 00:08:53,540 --> 00:08:56,372 168 00:08:56,372 --> 00:08:59,140 In Fatima, four million pilgrims a year 169 00:08:59,140 --> 00:09:02,680 believe the explanation lies in more than coincidence 170 00:09:02,680 --> 00:09:06,320 and not in the realm of science. 171 00:09:06,320 --> 00:09:10,110 I think it's a question of faith even for scientists. 172 00:09:10,110 --> 00:09:14,610 They cannot prove that it was really a natural event. 173 00:09:14,610 --> 00:09:16,690 They can not prove it. 174 00:09:16,690 --> 00:09:20,400 So if they cannot prove it, they believe it. 175 00:09:20,400 --> 00:09:24,090 They believe it natural, I believe it supernatural. 176 00:09:24,090 --> 00:09:25,845 It's a question of faith. 177 00:09:25,845 --> 00:09:29,240 [SINGING HYMNS] 178 00:09:29,240 --> 00:09:33,120 179 00:09:33,120 --> 00:09:35,040 I've noticed two things that most 180 00:09:35,040 --> 00:09:38,530 reports of sightings of the Virgin Mary have in common. 181 00:09:38,530 --> 00:09:40,300 The first is that they usually come 182 00:09:40,300 --> 00:09:43,020 from children, some so young that we should 183 00:09:43,020 --> 00:09:45,340 be wary of their testimony. 184 00:09:45,340 --> 00:09:47,380 The second is that they occur in very 185 00:09:47,380 --> 00:09:50,180 remote places such as the village of Knock 186 00:09:50,180 --> 00:09:51,520 in the far west of Ireland. 187 00:09:51,520 --> 00:09:54,180 188 00:09:54,180 --> 00:09:58,370 In 1979, the world's press landed on the vast runway 189 00:09:58,370 --> 00:10:01,140 at Ireland's newest international airport. 190 00:10:01,140 --> 00:10:02,920 It was built thanks to a campaign 191 00:10:02,920 --> 00:10:07,070 by this man, Father James Horan. 192 00:10:07,070 --> 00:10:08,600 He persuaded the Irish government 193 00:10:08,600 --> 00:10:11,230 that Horan International was the only place that 194 00:10:11,230 --> 00:10:14,150 could accommodate the jet loads of pilgrims that 195 00:10:14,150 --> 00:10:17,510 flew in to visit his parish. 196 00:10:17,510 --> 00:10:19,790 For it was here, a century before, 197 00:10:19,790 --> 00:10:21,950 that an extraordinary vision of the Virgin 198 00:10:21,950 --> 00:10:25,680 was seen on the wall of his church. 199 00:10:25,680 --> 00:10:28,540 100 years ago, Knock had a modest church. 200 00:10:28,540 --> 00:10:32,240 It's south gable was plain with just a single window. 201 00:10:32,240 --> 00:10:35,650 But at 8 o'clock on the 21st of August during a rainstorm, 202 00:10:35,650 --> 00:10:37,990 the was is said to have shown with an apparition 203 00:10:37,990 --> 00:10:40,335 of the Virgin Mary flanked by two saints. 204 00:10:40,335 --> 00:10:43,220 205 00:10:43,220 --> 00:10:46,070 Soon after, Knock became a place of pilgrimage, 206 00:10:46,070 --> 00:10:47,235 especially for the disabled. 207 00:10:47,235 --> 00:10:51,830 208 00:10:51,830 --> 00:10:53,790 Today an investigator has commissioned 209 00:10:53,790 --> 00:10:55,820 an exact replica of the gable end 210 00:10:55,820 --> 00:10:57,060 wall of Knock parish church. 211 00:10:57,060 --> 00:11:04,150 212 00:11:04,150 --> 00:11:06,257 He needs it for an experiment which 213 00:11:06,257 --> 00:11:08,400 he believes will explain what was really going 214 00:11:08,400 --> 00:11:09,480 on when the Virgin appeared. 215 00:11:09,480 --> 00:11:14,630 216 00:11:14,630 --> 00:11:17,430 Melvin Harris insists the measurements of this replica 217 00:11:17,430 --> 00:11:19,100 must be exact. 218 00:11:19,100 --> 00:11:21,350 For this experiment, the position of the window 219 00:11:21,350 --> 00:11:22,650 is crucial. 220 00:11:22,650 --> 00:11:25,500 And he needs everything in place as he believes it was 221 00:11:25,500 --> 00:11:28,840 on the night of the apparition. 222 00:11:28,840 --> 00:11:32,000 Most important of all, he needs a magical lantern. 223 00:11:32,000 --> 00:11:34,760 It's the forerunner of today's slide projector, 224 00:11:34,760 --> 00:11:37,595 and Harris believes it holds the key to unlock the mystery. 225 00:11:37,595 --> 00:11:40,170 226 00:11:40,170 --> 00:11:43,130 He also needs darkness and he needs rain 227 00:11:43,130 --> 00:11:45,570 to create the exact conditions of the night 228 00:11:45,570 --> 00:11:46,330 the vision was seen. 229 00:11:46,330 --> 00:11:52,880 230 00:11:52,880 --> 00:11:55,500 Melvin Harris looked at reports from the time. 231 00:11:55,500 --> 00:11:57,130 He discovered that the local priest 232 00:11:57,130 --> 00:11:59,390 was unpopular with his parishioners. 233 00:11:59,390 --> 00:12:02,480 The miracle at the church would have changed everything. 234 00:12:02,480 --> 00:12:04,220 Harris believes the priest acquired 235 00:12:04,220 --> 00:12:07,330 a magic lantern and a mirror. 236 00:12:07,330 --> 00:12:10,860 He used the lantern to project a slide through the window. 237 00:12:10,860 --> 00:12:14,690 The mirror then deflected the image down to the wall below. 238 00:12:14,690 --> 00:12:17,170 The result, an apparition seemingly 239 00:12:17,170 --> 00:12:19,710 from nowhere and with no detectable beam 240 00:12:19,710 --> 00:12:22,380 of light in front. 241 00:12:22,380 --> 00:12:24,760 Water, please. 242 00:12:24,760 --> 00:12:26,920 Harris is a stickler for detail. 243 00:12:26,920 --> 00:12:29,940 He's ordered a rainstorm from the local firemen. 244 00:12:29,940 --> 00:12:32,850 Everything must be exactly as it was on the night 245 00:12:32,850 --> 00:12:33,810 of the vision of Knock. 246 00:12:33,810 --> 00:12:40,910 247 00:12:40,910 --> 00:12:43,620 Now the image Harris has reproduced on the wall 248 00:12:43,620 --> 00:12:45,790 can be compared with the testimony 249 00:12:45,790 --> 00:12:47,320 of the original eye witnesses. 250 00:12:47,320 --> 00:12:49,995 251 00:12:49,995 --> 00:12:52,255 They describe the figure as being life 252 00:12:52,255 --> 00:12:56,120 sized and, say, about 5 feet 5. 253 00:12:56,120 --> 00:13:00,570 They also said that there were lines around the figures. 254 00:13:00,570 --> 00:13:03,630 There was no question of them being flesh and blood. 255 00:13:03,630 --> 00:13:05,570 Statues from beginning to end. 256 00:13:05,570 --> 00:13:09,570 No one ever said that they saw a movement and no one 257 00:13:09,570 --> 00:13:13,200 ever said this or anything that resembled a human being. 258 00:13:13,200 --> 00:13:15,445 It was this testimony that convinced Harris 259 00:13:15,445 --> 00:13:17,590 that the priest had used a magic lantern 260 00:13:17,590 --> 00:13:20,100 slide to create the apparition. 261 00:13:20,100 --> 00:13:21,790 Evidence from witnesses further away 262 00:13:21,790 --> 00:13:24,850 added support to his theory. 263 00:13:24,850 --> 00:13:27,400 One or two witnesses from a long way 264 00:13:27,400 --> 00:13:34,550 off spoke of a great circle of light on the gable end. 265 00:13:34,550 --> 00:13:39,440 And that itself inside a magic lantern. 266 00:13:39,440 --> 00:13:41,190 And eye witnesses nearer the church 267 00:13:41,190 --> 00:13:43,150 found they could stand next to the gable 268 00:13:43,150 --> 00:13:45,210 without casting shadows. 269 00:13:45,210 --> 00:13:48,110 Harris says that proves that a mirror was used to throw 270 00:13:48,110 --> 00:13:51,450 the image down onto the wall and the magic lantern 271 00:13:51,450 --> 00:13:54,210 would have been hidden behind the church window. 272 00:13:54,210 --> 00:13:56,720 I think that today we've solved the mystery of Knock 273 00:13:56,720 --> 00:13:58,530 in the most efficient way possible. 274 00:13:58,530 --> 00:14:00,930 With the right equipment and the right time, 275 00:14:00,930 --> 00:14:04,100 one can create-- recreate the images 276 00:14:04,100 --> 00:14:08,380 that were seen by the people at Knock all those years ago. 277 00:14:08,380 --> 00:14:09,325 And it can be done. 278 00:14:09,325 --> 00:14:14,000 279 00:14:14,000 --> 00:14:16,990 Miraculous manifestations of the Virgin Mary 280 00:14:16,990 --> 00:14:19,390 don't seem to be confined to visions. 281 00:14:19,390 --> 00:14:22,730 Sometimes statues of her are said to move 282 00:14:22,730 --> 00:14:25,210 in the most mysterious ways. 283 00:14:25,210 --> 00:14:28,170 In the south of Ireland, a wayside shrine regularly 284 00:14:28,170 --> 00:14:30,870 attracts crowds of awestruck pilgrims 285 00:14:30,870 --> 00:14:34,885 amazed because in the evening the figure seems to come alive. 286 00:14:34,885 --> 00:14:37,450 287 00:14:37,450 --> 00:14:39,400 Ballinspittle stands on the coast 288 00:14:39,400 --> 00:14:41,290 in the southwest of Ireland. 289 00:14:41,290 --> 00:14:44,525 For years this tiny hub of the local farming community 290 00:14:44,525 --> 00:14:47,510 buzzed with nothing more than the sound of tractors. 291 00:14:47,510 --> 00:14:50,840 But in 1985 all that changed and the world 292 00:14:50,840 --> 00:14:52,990 beat a path to Ballinspittle. 293 00:14:52,990 --> 00:14:55,310 The object of their attention, the Virgin 294 00:14:55,310 --> 00:14:58,940 Mary in this hillside grotto outside the village. 295 00:14:58,940 --> 00:15:01,220 By day, the people of this community 296 00:15:01,220 --> 00:15:03,960 tend the grotto and it's garden lovingly. 297 00:15:03,960 --> 00:15:06,330 They believe the place has a unique quality. 298 00:15:06,330 --> 00:15:09,102 299 00:15:09,102 --> 00:15:10,680 You can't put a finger on it, like, 300 00:15:10,680 --> 00:15:12,498 but there's something special about the place. 301 00:15:12,498 --> 00:15:15,020 302 00:15:15,020 --> 00:15:16,560 It's just like praying, really, when 303 00:15:16,560 --> 00:15:17,595 you're working for our Lady. 304 00:15:17,595 --> 00:15:19,480 Want to make the place beautiful for her 305 00:15:19,480 --> 00:15:22,170 and she's been very good to us. 306 00:15:22,170 --> 00:15:26,585 Came here and visited us in 1985 and she's here with us 307 00:15:26,585 --> 00:15:30,430 all the time in a very special way. 308 00:15:30,430 --> 00:15:34,040 That special way is the belief held by hundreds of thousands 309 00:15:34,040 --> 00:15:35,170 who've been here. 310 00:15:35,170 --> 00:15:38,370 That the statue actually moves at night. 311 00:15:38,370 --> 00:15:40,600 In Cork city, Sergeant John Murray 312 00:15:40,600 --> 00:15:43,790 has seen many things in his lifetime as a policeman, 313 00:15:43,790 --> 00:15:47,080 but none so strange as his experience the first time 314 00:15:47,080 --> 00:15:49,110 he went to the grotto. 315 00:15:49,110 --> 00:15:51,440 As I faced the grotto, the statue 316 00:15:51,440 --> 00:15:55,470 appeared to actually leave the grotto and move to my left. 317 00:15:55,470 --> 00:15:58,820 And I would say, and again I have to-- it's something 318 00:15:58,820 --> 00:16:00,720 that I will never forget because it's 319 00:16:00,720 --> 00:16:02,960 deeply embedded in my mind. 320 00:16:02,960 --> 00:16:07,350 It was such a definite movement that it-- the people all gasped 321 00:16:07,350 --> 00:16:11,490 as one and they stopped in mid sentence and then 322 00:16:11,490 --> 00:16:13,000 when it stopped they carried on again. 323 00:16:13,000 --> 00:16:14,630 But it was a very frightening, very 324 00:16:14,630 --> 00:16:17,940 definite and positive movement. 325 00:16:17,940 --> 00:16:20,880 On the following morning I stopped at the grotto. 326 00:16:20,880 --> 00:16:22,820 And I said, if there's something wrong 327 00:16:22,820 --> 00:16:24,650 here I want to know about it. 328 00:16:24,650 --> 00:16:27,203 I expected to find that somebody had interfered with it, 329 00:16:27,203 --> 00:16:29,470 that there was some sort of trick wiring or something 330 00:16:29,470 --> 00:16:30,710 going on. 331 00:16:30,710 --> 00:16:33,800 So I climbed the grotto and I caught the statue 332 00:16:33,800 --> 00:16:35,870 by the shoulders-- and it's a man 333 00:16:35,870 --> 00:16:37,550 sized or woman sized statue-- and I 334 00:16:37,550 --> 00:16:40,080 shook-- tried to shake it. 335 00:16:40,080 --> 00:16:43,740 And there was no indication, no sign of any interference 336 00:16:43,740 --> 00:16:45,280 or anything unusual. 337 00:16:45,280 --> 00:16:50,230 It was plainly and simply a statue set in a grotto. 338 00:16:50,230 --> 00:16:53,240 And very, very much permanently fixed. 339 00:16:53,240 --> 00:17:00,000 340 00:17:00,000 --> 00:17:02,490 John Murray has been back to the shrine many times 341 00:17:02,490 --> 00:17:06,540 since then, drawn there by what he saw that night. 342 00:17:06,540 --> 00:17:08,540 [SINGING HYMNS] 343 00:17:08,540 --> 00:17:19,140 344 00:17:19,140 --> 00:17:21,869 First to observe it back in 1985, 345 00:17:21,869 --> 00:17:24,319 was Cathy O'Mahoney and her children. 346 00:17:24,319 --> 00:17:26,550 They were out one evening for a walk. 347 00:17:26,550 --> 00:17:28,830 As dusk fell, they stopped at the grotto. 348 00:17:28,830 --> 00:17:31,820 349 00:17:31,820 --> 00:17:35,090 It kind of shimmered in and out. 350 00:17:35,090 --> 00:17:38,845 It was as if she'd waved that way 351 00:17:38,845 --> 00:17:41,800 and then just waved that way. 352 00:17:41,800 --> 00:17:44,551 I saw it move back and forth like that and from side 353 00:17:44,551 --> 00:17:49,170 to side. The top half of the statue. 354 00:17:49,170 --> 00:17:52,270 You don't have to be Catholic to see the statue move. 355 00:17:52,270 --> 00:17:56,670 And we don't think we're special because we saw it move. 356 00:17:56,670 --> 00:17:58,860 I mean, thousands of people have seen it move 357 00:17:58,860 --> 00:18:03,595 and our Lady speaks to everybody in different ways, you know? 358 00:18:03,595 --> 00:18:06,780 359 00:18:06,780 --> 00:18:10,900 At Cork University, Jurek Kirakowski was intrigued 360 00:18:10,900 --> 00:18:13,000 by the mystery on his doorstep. 361 00:18:13,000 --> 00:18:16,760 He interviewed eyewitnesses and went to Ballinspittle. 362 00:18:16,760 --> 00:18:19,460 He, too, saw the Virgin move but that 363 00:18:19,460 --> 00:18:23,470 guessed that physical factors must lie behind the phenomenon. 364 00:18:23,470 --> 00:18:24,460 Firmly stuck down is it? 365 00:18:24,460 --> 00:18:25,314 Yep. 366 00:18:25,314 --> 00:18:26,170 Good. 367 00:18:26,170 --> 00:18:27,420 Dont' want it moving. 368 00:18:27,420 --> 00:18:29,690 In a laboratory with a statue, some fairy 369 00:18:29,690 --> 00:18:32,500 lights, and some human guinea pigs, he set to work. 370 00:18:32,500 --> 00:18:35,930 ---the lights now please. 371 00:18:35,930 --> 00:18:38,910 Natalie, I think we'll start with you. 372 00:18:38,910 --> 00:18:42,931 Can you look at the base of the statue? 373 00:18:42,931 --> 00:18:44,150 OK. Now-- 374 00:18:44,150 --> 00:18:47,800 There are two essential aspects to this phenomenon. 375 00:18:47,800 --> 00:18:50,260 One is, most people don't realize it, 376 00:18:50,260 --> 00:18:53,000 but they move a lot. 377 00:18:53,000 --> 00:18:56,390 Especially if they haven't got a visual reference. 378 00:18:56,390 --> 00:19:00,000 So if you're standing in a dark field, 379 00:19:00,000 --> 00:19:02,020 in a darkened environment, you will 380 00:19:02,020 --> 00:19:05,280 sway more than if you're standing 381 00:19:05,280 --> 00:19:06,750 in a lightened environment. 382 00:19:06,750 --> 00:19:09,420 In daylight or in a lightened room. 383 00:19:09,420 --> 00:19:16,150 The second item is that we know that our eyes react very 384 00:19:16,150 --> 00:19:20,020 quickly to bright light and they react 385 00:19:20,020 --> 00:19:23,160 a lot more slowly to dim light. 386 00:19:23,160 --> 00:19:25,620 If you put these two together, what 387 00:19:25,620 --> 00:19:32,490 you see is these people standing in a darkened environment, 388 00:19:32,490 --> 00:19:34,840 they're swaying around, they most probably 389 00:19:34,840 --> 00:19:37,440 don't realize they're swaying. 390 00:19:37,440 --> 00:19:42,680 The image of the statue is going backwards and forwards 391 00:19:42,680 --> 00:19:44,610 on the back of their eye. 392 00:19:44,610 --> 00:19:47,625 The lightened portions of the image-- the bright portions 393 00:19:47,625 --> 00:19:50,180 of the image-- actually seemed to be going 394 00:19:50,180 --> 00:19:53,090 faster in the darker portions. 395 00:19:53,090 --> 00:19:55,980 Which gives rise to, if someone is swaying 396 00:19:55,980 --> 00:19:59,420 backwards and forwards like this, precisely 397 00:19:59,420 --> 00:20:01,070 a gentle swaying motion. 398 00:20:01,070 --> 00:20:02,420 Right. 399 00:20:02,420 --> 00:20:03,300 Do you want me to try. 400 00:20:03,300 --> 00:20:05,791 401 00:20:05,791 --> 00:20:07,482 [INAUDIBLE] How is that? 402 00:20:07,482 --> 00:20:10,960 403 00:20:10,960 --> 00:20:13,255 Well, the halo is moving again a little more. 404 00:20:13,255 --> 00:20:15,905 But the body moved a small bit in comparison 405 00:20:15,905 --> 00:20:17,410 to the dark areas. 406 00:20:17,410 --> 00:20:18,680 Right. 407 00:20:18,680 --> 00:20:23,360 Once you know that it's a combination of the movement 408 00:20:23,360 --> 00:20:25,270 and the light from the statue, we 409 00:20:25,270 --> 00:20:27,890 can simulate both of these effects 410 00:20:27,890 --> 00:20:33,380 in a laboratory to give the Ballinspittle effect. 411 00:20:33,380 --> 00:20:35,660 Even at the height of the war tearing apart 412 00:20:35,660 --> 00:20:37,850 the former Yugoslavia, the cameras 413 00:20:37,850 --> 00:20:40,080 proved that pilgrims would defy shells 414 00:20:40,080 --> 00:20:44,080 and sniper bullets to visit the shrine at Medjugorje. 415 00:20:44,080 --> 00:20:47,480 They've congregated here through bad times and good. 416 00:20:47,480 --> 00:20:50,850 Indeed, in 1992, when shells hit the church 417 00:20:50,850 --> 00:20:54,140 but failed to explode, Medjugorje's reputation 418 00:20:54,140 --> 00:20:58,420 grew still further as a place of miracles. 419 00:20:58,420 --> 00:21:02,580 In 1985 six young children came down from this hill 420 00:21:02,580 --> 00:21:05,800 and announced that they'd seen a vision of the Virgin Mary. 421 00:21:05,800 --> 00:21:08,390 She appeared again to them on consecutive Fridays 422 00:21:08,390 --> 00:21:10,130 and the word spread. 423 00:21:10,130 --> 00:21:14,000 As at Fatima 60 years before, a vision by a group of children 424 00:21:14,000 --> 00:21:16,550 made the place a magnet for the faithful. 425 00:21:16,550 --> 00:21:18,250 It was said that during their visions 426 00:21:18,250 --> 00:21:20,490 the children were truly entranced. 427 00:21:20,490 --> 00:21:22,850 They claimed to hear nothing and to be totally 428 00:21:22,850 --> 00:21:26,300 unaware of their surroundings. 429 00:21:26,300 --> 00:21:29,710 But in Montreal, Canada, a professor of parapsychology 430 00:21:29,710 --> 00:21:31,830 decided to investigate. 431 00:21:31,830 --> 00:21:35,410 Louis Belanger took a video camera to record the children 432 00:21:35,410 --> 00:21:37,320 in their regular trance. 433 00:21:37,320 --> 00:21:39,110 But he says what he recorded calls 434 00:21:39,110 --> 00:21:41,710 into question the state of ecstasy the children 435 00:21:41,710 --> 00:21:44,380 experienced. 436 00:21:44,380 --> 00:21:46,810 When they see the Vision Mary, the visionaries 437 00:21:46,810 --> 00:21:49,240 claim that they are totally disconnected 438 00:21:49,240 --> 00:21:50,800 from the environment. 439 00:21:50,800 --> 00:21:53,410 That they don't hear other people, 440 00:21:53,410 --> 00:21:55,280 that they don't see other people, 441 00:21:55,280 --> 00:22:00,110 that they are completely concentrated on the apparition 442 00:22:00,110 --> 00:22:01,370 of the Virgin Mary. 443 00:22:01,370 --> 00:22:06,860 444 00:22:06,860 --> 00:22:08,990 Every week the Virgin is said to appear 445 00:22:08,990 --> 00:22:12,110 to the young visionaries at a Friday service. 446 00:22:12,110 --> 00:22:17,170 Belanger set up his camera and sat back to watch. 447 00:22:17,170 --> 00:22:20,400 They made the sign of the cross and they 448 00:22:20,400 --> 00:22:23,100 begin the prayer Our Father. 449 00:22:23,100 --> 00:22:26,930 And during that prayer, suddenly, there is 450 00:22:26,930 --> 00:22:28,070 the beginning of the ecstasy. 451 00:22:28,070 --> 00:22:33,780 They kneel down and they are in contact with the Virgin Mary. 452 00:22:33,780 --> 00:22:35,770 If they're truly in ecstasy, nothing 453 00:22:35,770 --> 00:22:37,550 should distract the children. 454 00:22:37,550 --> 00:22:40,410 But suddenly, to Belanger's later amazement, 455 00:22:40,410 --> 00:22:42,730 an onlooker called Jean-Louis jabs his hand 456 00:22:42,730 --> 00:22:44,310 towards Vicka on the right. 457 00:22:44,310 --> 00:22:46,920 458 00:22:46,920 --> 00:22:49,860 At the moment of filming I did not see that. 459 00:22:49,860 --> 00:22:53,780 Just afterwards I saw that there was a commotion in the chapel. 460 00:22:53,780 --> 00:22:58,140 Everybody was disturbed because Vicka had reacted. 461 00:22:58,140 --> 00:23:04,180 Jean-Louis made a threat gesture against the eyes of Victsa-- 462 00:23:04,180 --> 00:23:06,440 towards the eyes of Vicka. 463 00:23:06,440 --> 00:23:09,750 And she reacted. 464 00:23:09,750 --> 00:23:15,210 And it was for Jean-Louis an important disappointment. 465 00:23:15,210 --> 00:23:27,700 466 00:23:27,700 --> 00:23:31,110 Still frames from Belanger's video at the moment of the hand 467 00:23:31,110 --> 00:23:33,490 lunging at Vicka, show her clearly 468 00:23:33,490 --> 00:23:36,970 recoiling from the jabbing fingers. 469 00:23:36,970 --> 00:23:40,550 Then the fingers of Jean-Louis are going back. 470 00:23:40,550 --> 00:23:42,590 Still no reaction from Vicka. 471 00:23:42,590 --> 00:23:45,330 Slight reaction, closing of her eyes. 472 00:23:45,330 --> 00:23:47,900 And then on the next picture you'll 473 00:23:47,900 --> 00:23:54,820 have the spectacular movement of the face of Vicka. 474 00:23:54,820 --> 00:23:57,863 She is reacting and going back. 475 00:23:57,863 --> 00:24:01,980 After the ecstasy, I had forgotten to stop the camera 476 00:24:01,980 --> 00:24:07,730 and suddenly Vicka comes in with somebody else. 477 00:24:07,730 --> 00:24:10,080 She wanted to explain why she'd moved. 478 00:24:10,080 --> 00:24:12,660 In her trance she'd been trying to prevent the Virgin 479 00:24:12,660 --> 00:24:15,430 from dropping the infant Jesus. 480 00:24:15,430 --> 00:24:20,390 She said, when I arrived in the chapel and everything was OK. 481 00:24:20,390 --> 00:24:23,040 When the ecstasy again I saw nobody 482 00:24:23,040 --> 00:24:27,340 and I heard nobody except the Virgin Mary. 483 00:24:27,340 --> 00:24:32,880 And the Virgin Mary had the infant Jesus in her arms. 484 00:24:32,880 --> 00:24:36,820 And suddenly I thought, said Vicka, that the infant Jesus 485 00:24:36,820 --> 00:24:38,930 would fall on the floor. 486 00:24:38,930 --> 00:24:44,300 So to impeach that, I made a gesture to impeach infant 487 00:24:44,300 --> 00:24:46,520 Jesus to fall on the floor. 488 00:24:46,520 --> 00:24:51,320 And she thought that it would explain 489 00:24:51,320 --> 00:24:57,440 the reaction that she had against the threat gesture 490 00:24:57,440 --> 00:24:58,495 made by Jean-Louis. 491 00:24:58,495 --> 00:25:04,440 492 00:25:04,440 --> 00:25:06,860 But in the end, does it really matter 493 00:25:06,860 --> 00:25:10,360 whether visions of the Virgin Mary are genuine or not? 494 00:25:10,360 --> 00:25:13,040 Because to millions they bring comfort and hope 495 00:25:13,040 --> 00:25:17,110 in an otherwise bleak and painful world. 496 00:25:17,110 --> 00:25:59,767