1
00:00:09,592 --> 00:00:11,761
PRIVATE EDWIN TENNISON,

2
00:00:11,761 --> 00:00:14,481
KILLED IN ACTION
AT MALVERN HILL,

3
00:00:14,481 --> 00:00:17,734
JULY 1, 1862.

4
00:00:56,189 --> 00:00:58,358
DURING THE CIVIL WAR,

5
00:00:58,358 --> 00:01:00,527
PHOTOGRAPHERS FOLLOWED
THE ARMIES EVERYWHERE

6
00:01:00,527 --> 00:01:04,314
TO MAKE PROUD PORTRAITS
FOR THE BOYS TO SEND HOME

7
00:01:04,314 --> 00:01:07,033
AND TO CAPTURE
AS MUCH OF THE ACTION

8
00:01:07,567 --> 00:01:08,651
AS CUMBERSOME EQUIPMENT

9
00:01:08,651 --> 00:01:10,820
AND SLOW SHUTTER SPEEDS
ALLOWED.

10
00:01:10,820 --> 00:01:13,540
NEAR THE BATTLE
OF FAIR OAKS, VIRGINIA,

11
00:01:13,540 --> 00:01:15,708
CAPTAIN GEORGE
ARMSTRONG CUSTER

12
00:01:15,708 --> 00:01:17,877
PAUSED TO HAVE
HIS PICTURE TAKEN

13
00:01:17,877 --> 00:01:19,496
WITH J.B. WASHINGTON,

14
00:01:19,496 --> 00:01:22,749
CLOSE FRIEND AND CLASSMATE
FROM WEST POINT--

15
00:01:22,749 --> 00:01:24,384
AND NOW A CONFEDERATE
LIEUTENANT

16
00:01:24,384 --> 00:01:26,553
WHO HAD JUST THAT MORNING

17
00:01:26,553 --> 00:01:28,721
BEEN CAPTURED
BY FEDERAL PICKETS.

18
00:01:44,437 --> 00:01:48,775
AS 1862 DRAGGED ON,

19
00:01:48,775 --> 00:01:53,663
AND MUCH OF THE COUNTRY
WAS CHANGING WITH IT.

20
00:01:55,832 --> 00:01:58,535
BY 1862, MORE THAN
A MILLION FARM WORKERS

21
00:01:59,085 --> 00:02:00,703
HAD ENLISTED
IN THE UNION ARMY,

22
00:02:01,754 --> 00:02:03,373
AND TRAVELERS
IN THE MIDWEST

23
00:02:03,373 --> 00:02:08,795
SAW MORE WOMEN AT WORK
IN THE FIELDS THAN MEN.

24
00:02:15,802 --> 00:02:20,140
THE YEAR, WHICH HAD BEGUN
SO PROMISINGLY FOR THE NORTH,

25
00:02:20,140 --> 00:02:22,308
HAD NOW GONE AWRY.

26
00:02:22,308 --> 00:02:25,478
U.S. GRANT'S TRIUMPHS
AT DONELSON AND SHILOH

27
00:02:25,478 --> 00:02:30,366
WERE BEING OVERSHADOWED
BY DISASTERS IN THE EAST.

28
00:02:30,366 --> 00:02:33,620
IN VIRGINIA, UNION GENERAL
GEORGE McCLELLAN'S ARMY

29
00:02:33,620 --> 00:02:35,788
SAT OUTSIDE RICHMOND,

30
00:02:35,788 --> 00:02:40,126
ITS COMMANDER IN POSSESSION
OF VASTLY GREATER FORCES,

31
00:02:40,126 --> 00:02:42,829
BUT WITHOUT
THE WILL TO FIGHT.

32
00:02:44,998 --> 00:02:48,251
MEANWHILE, THE CONFEDERACY
WAS BEGINNING TO APPRECIATE

33
00:02:48,251 --> 00:02:50,970
THE BRILLIANCE
OF A NEW COMMANDER,

34
00:02:50,970 --> 00:02:53,139
ROBERT E. LEE,

35
00:02:53,139 --> 00:02:55,308
WHO WOULD SOON
ESTABLISH A REPUTATION

36
00:02:55,308 --> 00:02:59,646
AS ONE OF THE GREATEST
MILITARY LEADERS OF ALL TIME.

37
00:03:02,899 --> 00:03:05,602
AND THERE WAS STILL
MORE TROUBLE FOR THE UNION.

38
00:03:06,686 --> 00:03:07,770
AT BLACKBURN, ENGLAND,

39
00:03:07,770 --> 00:03:11,024
A PUBLIC MEETING DECLARED
THAT IT WAS IMPOSSIBLE

40
00:03:11,024 --> 00:03:13,743
FOR THE NORTH
TO VANQUISH THE SOUTH

41
00:03:13,743 --> 00:03:18,081
AND CALLED FOR A NEGOTIATED
SETTLEMENT OF THE WAR.

42
00:03:18,081 --> 00:03:20,783
WITH EUROPE POISED
TO RECOGNIZE THE CONFEDERACY,

43
00:03:20,783 --> 00:03:24,037
THE UNTHINKABLE
LOOKED INCREASINGLY LIKELY--

44
00:03:24,037 --> 00:03:27,840
THE UNION WAS GOING TO
LOSE THE WAR.

45
00:03:30,009 --> 00:03:33,263
"WE MUST CHANGE OUR TACTICS
OR LOSE THE GAME,"

46
00:03:33,263 --> 00:03:35,431
ABRAHAM LINCOLN
WROTE IN 1862.

47
00:03:35,431 --> 00:03:37,050
TO LINCOLN,
IT WAS CLEAR NOW

48
00:03:37,050 --> 00:03:40,303
THAT IT WAS
NO LONGER POSSIBLE

49
00:03:40,303 --> 00:03:42,472
TO RESTORE THE OLD UNION.

50
00:03:42,472 --> 00:03:45,725
A NEW ONE
HAD TO BE EMBRACED.

51
00:03:45,725 --> 00:03:47,894
BY SUMMER, HE KNEW
WHAT TACTIC WAS NEEDED

52
00:03:47,894 --> 00:03:50,613
TO WIN THE WAR--
EMANCIPATION--

53
00:03:50,613 --> 00:03:53,316
BUT DOUBTED WHETHER
HE WOULD EVER HAVE

54
00:03:53,316 --> 00:03:56,536
THE POLITICAL OR MILITARY
OPPORTUNITY TO USE IT.

55
00:03:58,705 --> 00:04:03,042
"I FIND IT HARD
TO MAINTAIN MY LIVELY FAITH

56
00:04:03,576 --> 00:04:05,745
IN THE TRIUMPH
OF THE NATION AND THE LAW,"

57
00:04:05,745 --> 00:04:11,167
NEW YORK LAWYER
GEORGE TEMPLETON STRONG

58
00:04:11,167 --> 00:04:14,420
"THESE ARE THE DARKEST DAYS
WE HAVE SEEN SINCE BULL RUN."

59
00:04:17,140 --> 00:04:20,393
WHAT NO ONE KNEW
WAS THAT THE YEAR

60
00:04:20,393 --> 00:04:23,646
WOULD SOON SEE
THE BLOODIEST DAY OF THE WAR

61
00:04:23,646 --> 00:04:25,815
AND THEN THE BRIGHTEST.

62
00:04:27,433 --> 00:04:30,653
IT COULD HAVE BEEN
A VERY UGLY, FILTHY WAR

63
00:04:31,204 --> 00:04:35,541
WITH NO REDEEMING
CHARACTERISTICS AT ALL...

64
00:04:35,541 --> 00:04:38,795
AND IT WAS THE BATTLE
FOR EMANCIPATION

65
00:04:39,329 --> 00:04:41,497
AND THE PEOPLE
WHO PUSHED IT FORWARD--

66
00:04:41,497 --> 00:04:44,751
THE SLAVES,
THE FREE BLACK PEOPLE, THE ABOLITIONISTS,

67
00:04:45,301 --> 00:04:47,470
AND A LOT
OF ORDINARY CITIZENS--

68
00:04:47,470 --> 00:04:49,639
IT WAS THEY WHO ENNOBLED

69
00:04:49,639 --> 00:04:53,426
WHAT OTHERWISE
WOULD HAVE BEEN MEANINGLESS CARNAGE

70
00:04:53,426 --> 00:04:55,595
INTO SOMETHING HIGHER.

71
00:05:08,608 --> 00:05:10,226
OUTSIDE RICHMOND,

72
00:05:10,777 --> 00:05:12,395
GEORGE McCLELLAN CONTINUED
TO CALL ANXIOUSLY

73
00:05:12,395 --> 00:05:15,114
FOR MORE TROOPS,

74
00:05:15,114 --> 00:05:17,817
THOUGH HIS
110,000-MAN FORCE

75
00:05:17,817 --> 00:05:21,621
ALREADY GREATLY OUTNUMBERED
JOSEPH JOHNSTON'S ARMY.

76
00:05:22,705 --> 00:05:25,408
MEANWHILE,
WEST OF THE BLUE RIDGE

77
00:05:25,408 --> 00:05:27,043
IN THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY,

78
00:05:27,043 --> 00:05:28,661
GENERAL THOMAS J. JACKSON

79
00:05:28,661 --> 00:05:31,381
WAS KEEPING
THREE FEDERAL ARMIES BUSY.

80
00:05:43,843 --> 00:05:46,012
"ALWAYS MYSTIFY, MISLEAD,
AND SURPRISE THE ENEMY.

81
00:05:46,562 --> 00:05:48,731
"AND WHEN YOU STRIKE
AND OVERCOME HIM,

82
00:05:49,265 --> 00:05:51,434
"NEVER LET UP
IN THE PURSUIT.

83
00:05:51,434 --> 00:05:53,603
"NEVER FIGHT
AGAINST HEAVY ODDS

84
00:05:53,603 --> 00:05:55,772
"IF YOU CAN
HURL YOUR FORCE

85
00:05:55,772 --> 00:06:00,109
"ON ONLY A PART
OF YOUR ENEMY AND CRUSH IT.

86
00:06:00,109 --> 00:06:03,363
"A SMALL ARMY
MAY THUS DESTROY A LARGE ONE,

87
00:06:03,363 --> 00:06:06,082
AND REPEATED VICTORY
WILL MAKE IT INVINCIBLE."

88
00:06:06,082 --> 00:06:08,251
GENERAL T.J. JACKSON.

89
00:06:09,869 --> 00:06:13,089
HE WAS A TRUE ECCENTRIC.

90
00:06:13,089 --> 00:06:15,792
HE BELIEVED THAT IF HE
HAD PEPPER IN HIS FOOD,

91
00:06:15,792 --> 00:06:19,045
IT WOULD MAKE
HIS LEFT LEG ACHE.

92
00:06:19,045 --> 00:06:20,129
HE WOULD NEVER
MAIL A LETTER

93
00:06:20,680 --> 00:06:24,467
THAT WOULD BE
IN TRANSIT ON A SUNDAY.

94
00:06:24,467 --> 00:06:27,186
HE WAS A STRICT OBSERVER
OF THE SABBATH.

95
00:06:27,186 --> 00:06:30,440
YET SO MANY OF HIS BATTLES
WERE FOUGHT ON SUNDAYS

96
00:06:30,440 --> 00:06:32,608
THAT SOLDIERS BELIEVED
HE FOUGHT ON SUNDAY

97
00:06:32,608 --> 00:06:35,862
BECAUSE THE LORD
WOULD BE EVEN MORE WITH HIM.

98
00:06:37,480 --> 00:06:40,199
JACKSON WAS A PIOUS,
BLUE-EYED KILLER,

99
00:06:40,199 --> 00:06:43,453
UTTERLY UNTROUBLED
BY THE LIKELIHOOD OF DEATH.

100
00:06:43,453 --> 00:06:46,139
IT WAS A MAN'S
"ENTIRE DUTY," HE SAID,

101
00:06:46,139 --> 00:06:48,291
"TO PRAY AND FIGHT."

102
00:06:48,291 --> 00:06:52,628
"HE WOULD HAVE A MAN SHOT
AT THE DROP OF A HAT,

103
00:06:52,628 --> 00:06:54,797
AND HE'D DROP IT HIMSELF."

104
00:06:54,797 --> 00:06:56,416
SAM WATKINS.

105
00:06:56,966 --> 00:07:00,219
HE HAD A STRANGE QUALITY
OF OVERLOOKING SUFFERING.

106
00:07:00,219 --> 00:07:04,006
DURING ONE OF THE BATTLES,
HE HAD A YOUNG COURIER.

107
00:07:04,557 --> 00:07:06,175
JACKSON LOOKED
AROUND FOR HIM,

108
00:07:06,175 --> 00:07:07,810
AND HE WASN'T THERE.

109
00:07:07,810 --> 00:07:10,513
HE SAID, "WHERE IS
LIEUTENANT SO-AND-SO?"

110
00:07:10,513 --> 00:07:12,682
THEY SAID,
"HE WAS KILLED."

111
00:07:12,682 --> 00:07:14,317
JACKSON SAID,
"VERY COMMENDABLE,"

112
00:07:14,317 --> 00:07:17,570
AND THEN PUT HIM
OUT OF HIS MIND.

113
00:07:19,188 --> 00:07:21,357
"ALL OLD JACKSON
GAVE US

114
00:07:21,357 --> 00:07:24,610
"WAS A MUSKET,
100 ROUNDS, AND A GUM BLANKET,

115
00:07:24,610 --> 00:07:27,330
AND HE DROVE US
LIKE HELL."

116
00:07:27,330 --> 00:07:29,499
HIS MEN DID NOT LOVE HIM.

117
00:07:29,499 --> 00:07:33,252
HE WAS TOO GRIM, TOO REMOTE,
AND HE DEMANDED TOO MUCH.

118
00:07:33,252 --> 00:07:34,871
SOME THOUGHT HIM MAD.

119
00:07:34,871 --> 00:07:37,590
HE BELIEVED THAT KEEPING
ONE HAND IN THE AIR

120
00:07:37,590 --> 00:07:40,843
COULD STOP HIM
FROM GOING OUT OF BALANCE.

121
00:07:40,843 --> 00:07:42,462
HE SUCKED CONSTANTLY
ON LEMONS,

122
00:07:42,462 --> 00:07:44,630
EVEN IN THE MIDST
OF BATTLE.

123
00:07:44,630 --> 00:07:46,265
OTHERS WORRIED
THAT HIS RELIGIOUS FERVOR

124
00:07:46,265 --> 00:07:46,799
THE CHARACTER OF THE WAR
WAS CHANGING,

125
00:07:46,799 --> 00:07:48,434
WOULD CLOUD HIS JUDGMENT.

126
00:07:48,434 --> 00:07:49,519
HIS COMMAND, JACKSON SAID,

127
00:07:50,052 --> 00:07:52,772
WAS "AN ARMY
OF THE LIVING GOD,

128
00:07:52,772 --> 00:07:55,475
AS WELL AS
OF ITS COUNTRY."

129
00:07:55,475 --> 00:07:58,194
BUT HIS MEN
WERE WILLING TO ENDURE

130
00:07:58,194 --> 00:08:00,897
THE 36-MILE-A-DAY MARCHES
HE DEMANDED

131
00:08:00,897 --> 00:08:03,616
BECAUSE HE
BROUGHT THEM VICTORIES.

132
00:08:05,785 --> 00:08:09,038
IT WAS JACKSON'S DUTY
IN THE SHENANDOAH

133
00:08:09,038 --> 00:08:11,207
TO UNSETTLE THE UNION

134
00:08:11,207 --> 00:08:14,994
AND KEEP WASHINGTON
FROM REINFORCING McCLELLAN.

135
00:08:16,078 --> 00:08:19,332
OPERATING IN THE MIDST
OF THREE FEDERAL ARMIES,

136
00:08:19,332 --> 00:08:23,135
EACH WITH MORE MEN THAN
HIS OWN FORCE OF 17,000,

137
00:08:23,135 --> 00:08:25,838
JACKSON LASHED OUT
AT ONE ARMY AND THEN ANOTHER.

138
00:08:26,389 --> 00:08:30,176
ARMED WITH A DETAILED MAP
THAT STRETCHED 8 1/2 FEET,

139
00:08:30,176 --> 00:08:32,345
HE SURPRISED THEM
EVERY TIME--

140
00:08:32,345 --> 00:08:32,895
AT WINCHESTER,

141
00:08:33,429 --> 00:08:34,514
FRONT ROYAL,

142
00:08:34,514 --> 00:08:36,148
CROSS KEYS,

143
00:08:36,148 --> 00:08:37,767
PORT REPUBLIC,

144
00:08:37,767 --> 00:08:40,486
AND A HALF DOZEN
OTHER PLACES.

145
00:08:43,189 --> 00:08:44,824
AFTER ROUTING
NATHANIEL BANKS' ARMY

146
00:08:45,358 --> 00:08:46,993
AT THE BATTLE
OF WINCHESTER,

147
00:08:47,527 --> 00:08:49,161
JACKSON CHASED IT
TO THE POTOMAC.

148
00:08:49,695 --> 00:08:52,365
"STOP, MEN!" BANKS SHOUTED
TO HIS RETREATING TROOPS.

149
00:08:52,365 --> 00:08:54,000
"DON'T YOU
LOVE YOUR COUNTRY?"

150
00:08:54,000 --> 00:08:55,618
"YES, BY GOD," SAID ONE,

151
00:08:55,618 --> 00:08:58,337
"AND I'M TRYING
TO GET BACK TO IT

152
00:08:58,337 --> 00:09:00,506
JUST AS FAST AS I CAN."

153
00:09:15,688 --> 00:09:18,941
JACKSON'S VALLEY CAMPAIGN
WAS A TRIUMPH.

154
00:09:20,026 --> 00:09:21,110
IN JUST OVER A MONTH,

155
00:09:21,110 --> 00:09:24,363
HIS MEN MARCHED
ALMOST 400 MILES,

156
00:09:24,363 --> 00:09:26,532
INFLICTED
7,000 CASUALTIES,

157
00:09:26,532 --> 00:09:29,785
SEIZED HUGE QUANTITIES
OF BADLY NEEDED SUPPLIES,

158
00:09:29,785 --> 00:09:31,954
AND KEPT ALMOST 40,000
FEDERAL TROOPS

159
00:09:31,954 --> 00:09:33,573
OFF THE PENINSULA.

160
00:09:36,292 --> 00:09:40,079
"HE WHO DOES NOT SEE
THE HAND OF GOD IN THIS

161
00:09:40,079 --> 00:09:42,798
IS BLIND, SIR, BLIND."

162
00:09:47,136 --> 00:09:50,389
"THERE IS NO DOUBT
THAT JEFFERSON DAVIS

163
00:09:50,389 --> 00:09:53,092
"AND OTHER LEADERS
OF THE SOUTH

164
00:09:53,092 --> 00:09:55,261
"HAVE MADE AN ARMY.

165
00:09:55,261 --> 00:09:57,980
"THEY ARE MAKING,
IT APPEARS, A NAVY,

166
00:09:57,980 --> 00:10:00,683
"AND THEY HAVE MADE
WHAT IS MORE THAN EITHER.

167
00:10:00,683 --> 00:10:02,318
"THEY HAVE MADE A NATION.

168
00:10:02,318 --> 00:10:05,021
"WE MAY ANTICIPATE
WITH CERTAINTY

169
00:10:05,021 --> 00:10:07,740
THE SUCCESS
OF THE SOUTHERN STATES."

170
00:10:07,740 --> 00:10:09,909
WILLIAM E. GLADSTONE.

171
00:10:10,993 --> 00:10:13,696
CONFEDERATE GOSPEL HELD
THAT BRITAIN AND FRANCE

172
00:10:13,696 --> 00:10:17,500
COULD NOT SURVIVE
WITHOUT SOUTHERN COTTON.

173
00:10:17,500 --> 00:10:20,753
BEFORE LONG, ONE OR BOTH
WOULD SURELY INTERVENE

174
00:10:20,753 --> 00:10:22,922
ON BEHALF
OF THE CONFEDERACY

175
00:10:22,922 --> 00:10:25,091
TO END THE UNION BLOCKADE.

176
00:10:25,091 --> 00:10:26,175
TO PUT MORE PRESSURE
ON EUROPE,

177
00:10:26,709 --> 00:10:31,047
THE CONFEDERATES
CUT COTTON PRODUCTION 9O%.

178
00:10:31,047 --> 00:10:33,215
2.5 MILLION BALES
WERE BURNED

179
00:10:33,215 --> 00:10:36,469
OR LEFT TO ROT
ON CONFEDERATE WHARVES

180
00:10:36,469 --> 00:10:39,188
TO KEEP IT
OUT OF ENGLISH HANDS.

181
00:10:39,188 --> 00:10:42,441
NOW, IN ADDITION
TO DIRECTING A WAR AT HOME,

182
00:10:42,441 --> 00:10:45,695
LINCOLN HAD TO FIND A WAY
TO KEEP EUROPE

183
00:10:45,695 --> 00:10:49,482
FROM COMING IN
ON THE SIDE OF THE SOUTH.

184
00:10:49,482 --> 00:10:51,651
AND INCREASINGLY,
IN THE NORTH,

185
00:10:51,651 --> 00:10:53,819
THERE WAS PRESSURE
FOR EMANCIPATION,

186
00:10:53,819 --> 00:10:56,539
AND IT CAME
FROM UNLIKELY PEOPLE

187
00:10:56,539 --> 00:10:58,708
IN UNLIKELY PLACES.

188
00:11:10,636 --> 00:11:12,672
ON MAY 1, 1862,

189
00:11:12,672 --> 00:11:15,925
LINCOLN NAMED
GENERAL BENJAMIN F. BUTLER

190
00:11:15,925 --> 00:11:19,178
MILITARY GOVERNOR
OF OCCUPIED NEW ORLEANS.

191
00:11:19,178 --> 00:11:20,813
BUTLER WENT RIGHT TO WORK.

192
00:11:20,813 --> 00:11:22,431
HE HANGED A MAN

193
00:11:22,431 --> 00:11:25,151
SUSPECTED OF HAVING DESECRATED
THE AMERICAN FLAG.

194
00:11:25,151 --> 00:11:27,319
HE CLOSED
A SECESSIONIST NEWSPAPER,

195
00:11:27,319 --> 00:11:28,938
CONFISCATED THE PROPERTY

196
00:11:28,938 --> 00:11:31,657
OF CITIZENS WHO REFUSED
TO SWEAR ALLEGIANCE

197
00:11:31,657 --> 00:11:33,275
TO THE UNION,

198
00:11:33,275 --> 00:11:35,995
AND WAS GIVEN THE SCORNFUL
NICKNAME "SPOONS"

199
00:11:35,995 --> 00:11:39,248
FOR ALLEGEDLY
POCKETING SILVERWARE.

200
00:11:39,248 --> 00:11:44,120
NEW ORLEANS WOMEN ROUTINELY
INSULTED HIS TROOPS.

201
00:11:44,120 --> 00:11:46,288
WHEN A WOMAN
IN THE FRENCH QUARTER

202
00:11:46,839 --> 00:11:48,457
DUMPED HER CHAMBER POT

203
00:11:48,457 --> 00:11:51,177
ON THE HEAD
OF ADMIRAL FARRAGUT,

204
00:11:51,177 --> 00:11:53,345
BUTLER ISSUED
GENERAL ORDER NUMBER 28.

205
00:11:53,345 --> 00:11:57,683
"AS THE OFFICERS AND SOLDIERS
OF THE UNITED STATES

206
00:11:57,683 --> 00:12:00,936
"HAVE BEEN SUBJECT
TO REPEATED INSULTS

207
00:12:00,936 --> 00:12:05,808
"FROM THE WOMEN
CALLING THEMSELVES LADIES OF NEW ORLEANS,

208
00:12:06,358 --> 00:12:07,977
"IT IS ORDERED THAT,
HEREAFTER,

209
00:12:07,977 --> 00:12:10,696
"WHEN ANY FEMALE SHALL,

210
00:12:11,230 --> 00:12:13,399
"BY WORD, GESTURE,
OR MOVEMENT,

211
00:12:13,399 --> 00:12:16,118
"INSULT OR SHOW CONTEMPT

212
00:12:16,118 --> 00:12:20,456
"FOR ANY OFFICER OR SOLDIER
OF THE UNITED STATES,

213
00:12:20,990 --> 00:12:23,709
"SHE SHALL BE REGARDED
AND HELD LIABLE

214
00:12:23,709 --> 00:12:28,047
"TO BE TREATED
AS A WOMAN OF THE TOWN,

215
00:12:28,047 --> 00:12:30,750
PLYING HER AVOCATION."

216
00:12:31,300 --> 00:12:34,003
GENERAL BENJAMIN BUTLER.

217
00:12:34,553 --> 00:12:36,172
SOUTHERNERS WERE OUTRAGED

218
00:12:36,172 --> 00:12:37,807
AND CALLED BUTLER
"THE BEAST."

219
00:12:38,340 --> 00:12:41,060
A NEW ORLEANS ENTREPRENEUR
SOLD CHAMBER POTS

220
00:12:41,060 --> 00:12:44,313
FEATURING BUTLER'S PORTRAIT
INSIDE THE BOWL.

221
00:12:45,397 --> 00:12:47,483
IN CHARLESTON,
SOUTH CAROLINA,

222
00:12:47,483 --> 00:12:50,186
A PRIVATE CITIZEN
OFFERED A $10,000 REWARD

223
00:12:50,186 --> 00:12:53,439
FOR THE CAPTURE
OF "BEAST" BEN BUTLER--

224
00:12:53,439 --> 00:12:55,074
DEAD OR ALIVE.

225
00:12:55,074 --> 00:12:59,411
BUT THE HARASSMENT
OF HIS MEN STOPPED.

226
00:12:59,411 --> 00:13:02,114
WITH THE UNION ARMY
SO NEAR,

227
00:13:02,114 --> 00:13:05,918
UNREST ON LOUISIANA
PLANTATIONS INCREASED.

228
00:13:05,918 --> 00:13:07,536
WHEN DESPERATE
SLAVE OWNERS

229
00:13:08,087 --> 00:13:10,256
BEGAN COMPLAINING
OF REBELLIOUS BLACKS,

230
00:13:10,256 --> 00:13:13,509
BUTLER DECLARED THE PLANTERS
DISLOYAL TO THE UNION,

231
00:13:13,509 --> 00:13:16,212
THEN TOOK AWAY
THEIR SLAVES.

232
00:13:16,212 --> 00:13:18,380
"GO TO THE YANKEES,"

233
00:13:18,380 --> 00:13:20,549
ONE SLAVE-HOLDER
TOLD HIS SLAVES.

234
00:13:20,549 --> 00:13:23,269
"THEY ARE KINGS HERE NOW."

235
00:13:23,269 --> 00:13:26,522
"I HAVE BEEN READING
SO MUCH ABOUT THE YANKEES,

236
00:13:26,522 --> 00:13:29,225
"I WAS VERY ANXIOUS
TO SEE THEM.

237
00:13:29,775 --> 00:13:31,393
"THE WHITES WOULD TELL
THEIR COLORED PEOPLE

238
00:13:31,393 --> 00:13:33,562
"NOT TO GO TO THE YANKEES,

239
00:13:34,113 --> 00:13:38,984
"FOR THEY WOULD
HARNESS THEM TO CARTS IN PLACE OF HORSES.

240
00:13:38,984 --> 00:13:42,788
"I ASKED GRANDMOTHER
ONE DAY IF THIS WAS TRUE.

241
00:13:42,788 --> 00:13:44,373
"SHE REPLIED,
CERTAINLY NOT,

242
00:13:44,907 --> 00:13:46,492
"THAT THE WHITE PEOPLE

243
00:13:46,492 --> 00:13:49,745
"DID NOT WANT SLAVES
TO GO OVER TO THE YANKEES

244
00:13:49,745 --> 00:13:52,464
"AND TOLD THEM THESE THINGS
TO FRIGHTEN THEM.

245
00:13:52,464 --> 00:13:55,718
"I WANTED TO SEE
THOSE WONDERFUL YANKEES SO MUCH,

246
00:13:55,718 --> 00:13:57,336
"AS I HEARD
MY PARENTS SAY

247
00:13:57,887 --> 00:14:01,674
THAT THE YANKEES
WAS GOING TO SET ALL THE SLAVES FREE."

248
00:14:01,674 --> 00:14:03,843
SUSAN KING TAYLOR.

249
00:14:06,614 --> 00:14:10,401
THE SLAVES UNDERSTOOD
THAT THAT WAR WAS ABOUT SLAVERY

250
00:14:10,401 --> 00:14:12,570
BEFORE IT WAS A WAR.

251
00:14:12,570 --> 00:14:15,823
THEY MADE A NUISANCE
FOR THE ARMY

252
00:14:15,823 --> 00:14:19,076
AND AN ISSUE THE ARMY
HAD TO DEAL WITH.

253
00:14:19,076 --> 00:14:21,796
IF THE ARMY HAD TO
DEAL WITH IT,

254
00:14:22,330 --> 00:14:25,049
THE WAR DEPARTMENT
HAD TO DEAL WITH IT.

255
00:14:25,049 --> 00:14:27,218
CONGRESS HAD TO
DEAL WITH IT.

256
00:14:27,218 --> 00:14:30,471
EVERY FUGITIVE SLAVE WHO
MADE A NUISANCE OF HIMSELF

257
00:14:30,471 --> 00:14:32,640
TO THE LOCAL COMMANDER

258
00:14:32,640 --> 00:14:34,809
EVENTUALLY MADE
A FIGURE OF HIMSELF

259
00:14:34,809 --> 00:14:38,062
TO THE CONGRESS
OF THE UNITED STATES.

260
00:14:39,146 --> 00:14:41,315
CONGRESS,
CONTROLLED BY REPUBLICANS,

261
00:14:41,315 --> 00:14:42,933
NOW FORBADE THE ARMY

262
00:14:42,933 --> 00:14:45,653
TO RETURN SLAVES
TO THEIR MASTERS.

263
00:14:46,737 --> 00:14:49,440
IT OUTLAWED SLAVERY
IN THE TERRITORIES,

264
00:14:49,440 --> 00:14:52,159
FINALLY REVERSING
THE OLD DRED SCOTT DECISION.

265
00:14:52,159 --> 00:14:54,862
"ONLY THE DAMNEDEST
OF DAMNED ABOLITIONISTS

266
00:14:54,862 --> 00:14:58,115
"DREAMED OF SUCH THINGS
A YEAR AGO.

267
00:14:58,115 --> 00:15:00,835
"JOHN BROWN'S SOUL
IS MARCHING ON,

268
00:15:00,835 --> 00:15:03,003
WITH THE PEOPLE
AFTER IT."

269
00:15:03,003 --> 00:15:05,706
GEORGE TEMPLETON STRONG.

270
00:15:05,706 --> 00:15:07,875
"THE SLAVERY QUESTION
PERPLEXES THE PRESIDENT

271
00:15:07,875 --> 00:15:10,044
"ALMOST AS MUCH AS EVER,

272
00:15:10,044 --> 00:15:12,763
"AND YET I THINK
HE IS ABOUT TO EMERGE

273
00:15:13,297 --> 00:15:14,932
"FROM THE OBSCURITIES

274
00:15:14,932 --> 00:15:17,101
"WHERE HE
HAS BEEN GROPING

275
00:15:17,101 --> 00:15:19,270
"INTO SOMEWHAT
CLEARER LIGHT.

276
00:15:19,270 --> 00:15:24,692
SO, YOU SEE,
THE MAN MOVES."

277
00:15:24,692 --> 00:15:26,861
"JULY 4, 1862.

278
00:15:26,861 --> 00:15:29,029
"I WOULD DO IT

279
00:15:29,029 --> 00:15:30,648
"IF I WERE NOT AFRAID

280
00:15:31,198 --> 00:15:34,452
"THAT HALF THE OFFICERS
WOULD FLING DOWN THEIR ARMS

281
00:15:34,452 --> 00:15:37,154
AND THREE MORE STATES
WOULD RISE."

282
00:15:37,154 --> 00:15:39,874
LINCOLN CONTINUED
TO BACK A PLAN

283
00:15:39,874 --> 00:15:42,576
TO PAY $400
FOR EVERY SLAVE FREED

284
00:15:42,576 --> 00:15:44,745
AND THEN ENCOURAGE
THE FREED MEN

285
00:15:44,745 --> 00:15:50,167
TO SAIL OFF TO A COLONY
IN AFRICA OR CENTRAL AMERICA.

286
00:15:50,167 --> 00:15:52,887
THE ABOLITIONIST
WENDELL PHILLIPS

287
00:15:52,887 --> 00:15:53,971
CALLED ABRAHAM LINCOLN

288
00:15:53,971 --> 00:15:56,674
A FIRST-RATE
SECOND-RATE MAN.

289
00:15:58,843 --> 00:16:01,562
I LOSE PATIENCE
WITH THE ARGUMENT

290
00:16:01,562 --> 00:16:03,731
THAT BECAUSE
OF SOMEONE'S TIME,

291
00:16:03,731 --> 00:16:08,602
HIS LIMITATIONS
ARE THEREFORE EXCUSABLE OR EVEN PRAISEWORTHY.

292
00:16:09,153 --> 00:16:11,856
IT IS NOT TRUE
THAT IT WAS IMPOSSIBLE

293
00:16:11,856 --> 00:16:13,491
IN THAT TIME AND PLACE

294
00:16:13,491 --> 00:16:15,659
TO LOOK ANY HIGHER.

295
00:16:15,659 --> 00:16:17,278
THINK OF
WENDELL PHILLIPS, WHO,

296
00:16:17,278 --> 00:16:18,913
COMMENTING ON
ABRAHAM LINCOLN'S PROPOSAL

297
00:16:18,913 --> 00:16:22,166
TO COLONIZE BLACK PEOPLE
OUT OF THE COUNTRY,

298
00:16:22,166 --> 00:16:23,250
WAS SARCASTIC.

299
00:16:23,250 --> 00:16:24,869
HE SAID,
"COLONIZE THE BLACKS?

300
00:16:24,869 --> 00:16:28,122
"A MAN MIGHT AS WELL
COLONIZE HIS OWN HANDS.

301
00:16:28,122 --> 00:16:31,375
"OR WHEN THE ROBBER
IS IN HIS HOUSE,

302
00:16:31,375 --> 00:16:34,094
HE MIGHT AS WELL
COLONIZE HIS REVOLVER."

303
00:16:37,348 --> 00:16:41,685
"EMANCIPATION IS THE DEMAND
OF CIVILIZATION.

304
00:16:41,685 --> 00:16:44,388
"THAT IS A PRINCIPLE.

305
00:16:44,388 --> 00:16:48,159
ALL ELSE IS INTRIGUE."

306
00:16:48,159 --> 00:16:50,327
RALPH WALDO EMERSON.

307
00:17:03,824 --> 00:17:06,544
ON THE VIRGINIA PENINSULA,
THE RAINS CAME,

308
00:17:07,077 --> 00:17:09,246
INUNDATING THE BOTTOMLANDS.

309
00:17:11,415 --> 00:17:13,050
ALONG THE ROADS
OUTSIDE RICHMOND,

310
00:17:13,050 --> 00:17:15,753
GEORGE McCLELLAN'S FORCE
WAS DIVIDED IN TWO

311
00:17:16,303 --> 00:17:18,472
BY THE FLOODED
CHICKAHOMINY RIVER.

312
00:17:20,641 --> 00:17:22,810
THE REBELS
SAW THEIR CHANCE

313
00:17:22,810 --> 00:17:26,597
AND ATTACKED THE SMALLER FORCE
ON MAY 31st.

314
00:17:26,597 --> 00:17:28,766
IN THE FIERCE FIGHTING
THAT FOLLOWED,

315
00:17:28,766 --> 00:17:30,935
THE CONFEDERATES DID BEST

316
00:17:30,935 --> 00:17:33,103
NEAR A CROSSROADS
CALLED SEVEN PINES.

317
00:17:33,103 --> 00:17:34,738
THE UNION SOLDIERS

318
00:17:35,272 --> 00:17:37,992
WERE MOST SUCCESSFUL
AT FAIR OAKS.

319
00:17:45,499 --> 00:17:48,202
WHEN THE BATTLE
OF FAIR OAKS WAS OVER,

320
00:17:48,202 --> 00:17:50,921
THE NORTH HAD LOST
5,000 MEN,

321
00:17:51,455 --> 00:17:52,540
THE SOUTH, 6,000,

322
00:17:52,540 --> 00:17:55,259
AND IT HADN'T
CHANGED A THING.

323
00:17:55,259 --> 00:17:56,343
JOSEPH JOHNSTON,

324
00:17:56,343 --> 00:17:58,512
THE OVERALL
CONFEDERATE COMMANDER,

325
00:17:58,512 --> 00:18:00,681
WAS HIMSELF
SEVERELY WOUNDED

326
00:18:00,681 --> 00:18:02,850
AND CARRIED
FROM THE FIELD.

327
00:18:03,934 --> 00:18:06,103
"THE SHOT THAT
STRUCK ME DOWN

328
00:18:06,103 --> 00:18:08,806
"WAS THE BEST EVER FIRED
FOR THE CONFEDERACY,

329
00:18:08,806 --> 00:18:10,441
"FOR I POSSESSED
IN NO DEGREE

330
00:18:10,441 --> 00:18:12,610
"THE CONFIDENCE
OF THE GOVERNMENT,

331
00:18:12,610 --> 00:18:15,863
"AND NOW A MAN
WHO DOES ENJOY IT WILL SUCCEED ME

332
00:18:15,863 --> 00:18:18,032
AND ACCOMPLISH
WHAT I NEVER COULD."

333
00:18:18,032 --> 00:18:19,116
"HIS NAME
MIGHT BE AUDACITY.

334
00:18:19,116 --> 00:18:20,734
"HE WILL
TAKE MORE CHANCES,

335
00:18:20,734 --> 00:18:22,369
"AND TAKE THEM QUICKER,

336
00:18:22,369 --> 00:18:25,072
"THAN ANY OTHER GENERAL
IN THIS COUNTRY,

337
00:18:25,072 --> 00:18:26,707
NORTH OR SOUTH."

338
00:18:26,707 --> 00:18:28,876
NOW FOR THE FIRST TIME
IN THE WAR,

339
00:18:28,876 --> 00:18:31,579
ROBERT E. LEE
WAS PLACED

340
00:18:31,579 --> 00:18:34,298
AT THE HEAD
OF A MAJOR ARMY.

341
00:18:34,832 --> 00:18:38,085
"I PREFER LEE
TO JOHNSTON.

342
00:18:38,085 --> 00:18:39,720
"LEE IS TOO CAUTIOUS

343
00:18:39,720 --> 00:18:41,889
"AND WEAK UNDER
GRAVE RESPONSIBILITY.

344
00:18:41,889 --> 00:18:45,142
"PERSONALLY BRAVE
AND ENERGETIC TO A FAULT,

345
00:18:45,142 --> 00:18:46,760
"HE IS YET WANTING
IN MORAL FIRMNESS

346
00:18:46,760 --> 00:18:48,929
WHEN PRESSED
BY HEAVY RESPONSIBILITY."

347
00:18:48,929 --> 00:18:50,564
GEORGE McCLELLAN.

348
00:18:50,564 --> 00:18:52,733
McCLELLAN
COMPLETELY MISJUDGED

349
00:18:52,733 --> 00:18:54,902
THE NEW CONFEDERATE
COMMANDER.

350
00:18:54,902 --> 00:18:57,605
ROBERT E. LEE
WAS A FIGHTER.

351
00:18:57,605 --> 00:18:59,239
WANTING TO GET AT
THE UNION MEN

352
00:18:59,239 --> 00:19:01,942
WHO HAD DARED
INVADE HIS STATE,

353
00:19:01,942 --> 00:19:05,746
LEE RENAMED HIS FORCE
THE ARMY OF NORTHERN VIRGINIA,

354
00:19:05,746 --> 00:19:10,084
SEIZED THE INITIATIVE,
AND NEVER LET IT GO.

355
00:19:10,084 --> 00:19:13,337
FIRST, LEE SENT
HIS CAVALRY CHIEF, JEB STUART,

356
00:19:13,337 --> 00:19:16,040
TO RECONNOITER
McCLELLAN'S FORCES.

357
00:19:16,040 --> 00:19:18,175
STUART NOW LED
1,200 TROOPERS

358
00:19:18,175 --> 00:19:21,962
ON A POUNDING THREE-DAY,
150-MILE RIDE

359
00:19:22,513 --> 00:19:24,682
AROUND McCLELLAN'S
HUGE ARMY.

360
00:19:25,149 --> 00:19:27,301
HIS MEN BURNED
FEDERAL CAMPS,

361
00:19:27,301 --> 00:19:28,385
CUT DOWN TELEGRAPH POLES,

362
00:19:28,936 --> 00:19:31,105
TOOK PRISONERS
AND HORSES AND MULES,

363
00:19:31,105 --> 00:19:34,358
AND SLOWED ONLY
TO ACCEPT BOUQUETS AND KISSES

364
00:19:34,358 --> 00:19:35,976
FROM WOMEN ALONG THE WAY.

365
00:19:35,976 --> 00:19:37,611
IN VAIN PURSUIT

366
00:19:37,611 --> 00:19:39,229
WAS STUART'S
OWN FATHER-IN-LAW,

367
00:19:39,229 --> 00:19:41,949
WHO HAD STAYED LOYAL
TO THE UNION

368
00:19:41,949 --> 00:19:43,567
AND BECOME A GENERAL--

369
00:19:43,567 --> 00:19:47,371
A DECISION STUART SAID
HE WOULD "REGRET BUT ONCE,

370
00:19:47,905 --> 00:19:50,074
AND THAT WILL BE
CONTINUOUSLY."

371
00:19:58,749 --> 00:20:00,384
THROUGHOUT
THE WHOLE CAMPAIGN,

372
00:20:00,384 --> 00:20:02,553
LEE CAREFULLY OBSERVED

373
00:20:02,553 --> 00:20:05,806
McCLELLAN'S TENTATIVE ADVANCE
UP THE PENINSULA.

374
00:20:06,306 --> 00:20:08,342
AS McCLELLAN
WAS PREPARING AT LAST

375
00:20:08,342 --> 00:20:10,511
TO LAY SIEGE TO RICHMOND,

376
00:20:10,511 --> 00:20:12,146
LEE SURPRISED HIM FIRST,

377
00:20:12,146 --> 00:20:14,314
AT MECHANICSVILLE
ON JUNE 26th.

378
00:20:14,314 --> 00:20:15,933
IT WAS A DARING MOVE.

379
00:20:16,483 --> 00:20:18,102
DEFYING
ALL MILITARY CONVENTION,

380
00:20:18,102 --> 00:20:20,270
LEE DIVIDED HIS TINY FORCE

381
00:20:20,270 --> 00:20:23,524
AND THEN ATTACKED
THE HUGE UNION ARMY,

382
00:20:23,524 --> 00:20:26,243
GAMBLING THAT McCLELLAN
WOULD BE TOO CAUTIOUS

383
00:20:26,243 --> 00:20:28,412
TO MOVE INTO RICHMOND.

384
00:20:28,412 --> 00:20:30,030
LEE'S ASSAULT DIDN'T WORK.

385
00:20:30,030 --> 00:20:32,199
HE LOST 1,500 MEN
AT MECHANICSVILLE,

386
00:20:32,750 --> 00:20:35,452
BUT HE WOULD NOT LET UP.

387
00:20:35,452 --> 00:20:38,172
DETERMINED TO DRIVE McCLELLAN
OUT OF VIRGINIA,

388
00:20:38,172 --> 00:20:40,340
LEE KEPT ON THE ATTACK.

389
00:20:40,340 --> 00:20:41,959
AND SO IT WENT.

390
00:20:41,959 --> 00:20:44,678
FOR SEVEN DAYS,
THE TWO ARMIES CLASHED.

391
00:20:44,678 --> 00:20:47,381
FROM GAINE'S MILL...

392
00:20:47,381 --> 00:20:50,634
FROM SAVAGE'S STATION...

393
00:20:50,634 --> 00:20:53,353
TO FRAYSER'S FARM...

394
00:20:53,887 --> 00:20:54,972
AND MALVERN HILL,

395
00:20:54,972 --> 00:20:57,691
WHERE FEDERAL GUNNERS
STOPPED THE CONFEDERATES

396
00:20:57,691 --> 00:21:00,944
WHO CAME AT THEM
UP THE LONG SLOPE.

397
00:21:04,198 --> 00:21:07,451
"OUR EARS HAD BEEN
FILLED ALL NIGHT

398
00:21:07,451 --> 00:21:10,704
"WITH AGONIZING CRIES
BEFORE THE FOG WAS LIFTED.

399
00:21:10,704 --> 00:21:12,873
"BUT NOW OUR EYES SAW

400
00:21:12,873 --> 00:21:15,025
"THAT 5,000 DEAD
OR WOUNDED MEN

401
00:21:15,559 --> 00:21:17,161
"WERE ON THE GROUND.

402
00:21:17,161 --> 00:21:20,964
"A THIRD OF THEM
WERE DEAD OR DYING,

403
00:21:20,964 --> 00:21:23,667
"BUT ENOUGH OF THEM
WERE ALIVE AND MOVING

404
00:21:24,218 --> 00:21:27,471
TO GIVE THE FIELD
A SINGULAR CRAWLING EFFECT."

405
00:21:29,640 --> 00:21:34,511
"EACH OF THE BATTLES
OF THOSE SEVEN DAYS

406
00:21:34,511 --> 00:21:36,146
"BROUGHT A HARVEST
OF WOUNDED

407
00:21:36,146 --> 00:21:37,765
"TO OUR HOSPITAL.

408
00:21:38,315 --> 00:21:39,933
"I USED TO
VEIL MYSELF CLOSELY

409
00:21:40,484 --> 00:21:42,653
"AS I WALKED TO
AND FROM MY HOTEL,

410
00:21:42,653 --> 00:21:44,271
"THAT I MIGHT
SHUT OUT

411
00:21:44,822 --> 00:21:45,906
"THE DREADFUL
SIGHTS.

412
00:21:45,906 --> 00:21:49,159
"ONCE I DID SEE
ONE OF THOSE DREADFUL WAGONS.

413
00:21:49,159 --> 00:21:51,862
"IN IT, A STIFF ARM
WAS RAISED,

414
00:21:51,862 --> 00:21:55,115
"AND IT SHOOK
AS IT WAS DRIVEN DOWN THE STREET,

415
00:21:55,115 --> 00:21:57,284
"AS THOUGH
THE DEAD OWNER

416
00:21:57,284 --> 00:21:59,453
APPEALED TO HEAVEN
FOR VENGEANCE."

417
00:22:19,523 --> 00:22:23,310
ALL BUT ONE OF THE BATTLES
OF THE SEVEN DAYS

418
00:22:23,310 --> 00:22:25,479
WERE UNION VICTORIES,

419
00:22:25,479 --> 00:22:28,198
YET McCLELLAN
TREATED THEM AS DEFEATS,

420
00:22:28,732 --> 00:22:29,817
CONTINUING TO BACK DOWN

421
00:22:30,367 --> 00:22:33,070
UNTIL HE REACHED THE SAFETY
OF FEDERAL GUNBOATS

422
00:22:33,070 --> 00:22:36,323
AT HARRISON'S LANDING
ON THE JAMES RIVER.

423
00:22:36,323 --> 00:22:37,958
UNION OFFICERS URGED
A COUNTERATTACK.

424
00:22:38,492 --> 00:22:40,127
LEE HAD LOST 20,000 MEN.

425
00:22:40,127 --> 00:22:41,745
McCLELLAN REFUSED.

426
00:22:41,745 --> 00:22:44,464
ONE OFFICER SUGGESTED

427
00:22:44,464 --> 00:22:46,083
HIS COMMANDER
WAS MOTIVATED

428
00:22:46,083 --> 00:22:49,887
EITHER BY "COWARDICE
OR TREASON."

429
00:22:49,887 --> 00:22:52,589
IN JUST ONE WEEK,

430
00:22:52,589 --> 00:22:55,309
LEE HAD COMPLETELY UNNERVED
THE UNION GENERAL

431
00:22:55,309 --> 00:22:58,011
AND DEMONSTRATED
FOR THE FIRST TIME

432
00:22:58,011 --> 00:23:00,731
THE STRENGTHS THAT
WOULD MAKE HIM A LEGEND--

433
00:23:00,731 --> 00:23:01,815
SURPRISE, AUDACITY,

434
00:23:01,815 --> 00:23:05,602
AND AN EERIE ABILITY
TO READ HIS OPPONENT'S MIND.

435
00:23:06,153 --> 00:23:07,771
IN JUST SEVEN DAYS,

436
00:23:07,771 --> 00:23:11,024
McCLELLAN HAD BEEN
TOTALLY OUT-GENERALED.

437
00:23:12,659 --> 00:23:16,446
"I AM TIRED
OF THE SICKENING SIGHT OF THE BATTLEFIELD,

438
00:23:16,446 --> 00:23:19,700
"WITH ITS MANGLED CORPSES
AND POOR SUFFERING WOUNDED.

439
00:23:19,700 --> 00:23:21,869
"VICTORY HAS
NO CHARMS FOR ME

440
00:23:21,869 --> 00:23:25,672
WHEN PURCHASED
AT SUCH COST."

441
00:23:26,757 --> 00:23:27,841
ON JULY 7th,

442
00:23:27,841 --> 00:23:30,544
AN EXASPERATED LINCOLN
SAILED DOWN TO SEE

443
00:23:30,544 --> 00:23:32,713
HIS COMMANDING GENERAL.

444
00:23:32,713 --> 00:23:34,882
HE HAD NOT LOST,
McCLELLAN INSISTED.

445
00:23:34,882 --> 00:23:37,601
HE HAD MERELY
FAILED TO WIN.

446
00:23:37,601 --> 00:23:40,854
HE NEEDED 50,000 MORE MEN,
OR PERHAPS 100,000.

447
00:23:40,854 --> 00:23:41,939
NO SUCH NUMBERS
WERE AVAILABLE,

448
00:23:41,939 --> 00:23:44,641
LINCOLN TOLD HIM.

449
00:23:44,641 --> 00:23:46,276
IF McCLELLAN
DID NOT FEEL

450
00:23:46,276 --> 00:23:48,445
HE COULD RESUME
THE OFFENSIVE,

451
00:23:48,445 --> 00:23:51,148
HIS MEN WOULD BE WITHDRAWN
FROM THE PENINSULA.

452
00:23:51,148 --> 00:23:53,317
"IF I GAVE McCLELLAN
THE MEN HE ASKS FOR,

453
00:23:53,317 --> 00:23:56,570
"THEY COULDN'T FIND
ROOM TO LIE DOWN.

454
00:23:56,570 --> 00:23:59,289
"THEY'D HAVE
TO SLEEP STANDING UP.

455
00:23:59,289 --> 00:24:00,908
"SENDING MEN
TO THAT ARMY

456
00:24:00,908 --> 00:24:04,161
"IS LIKE SHOVELING FLEAS
ACROSS A BARNYARD--

457
00:24:04,161 --> 00:24:07,414
NOT HALF OF THEM
GET THERE."

458
00:24:07,414 --> 00:24:09,583
"SEPTEMBER 3.

459
00:24:09,583 --> 00:24:11,218
"TODAY WE TOOK A STEAMER

460
00:24:11,218 --> 00:24:13,387
AND WENT UP THE POTOMAC
AND LANDED AT GEORGETOWN.

461
00:24:13,387 --> 00:24:15,555
"IT IS HARD
TO HAVE REACHED

462
00:24:15,555 --> 00:24:18,258
"THE POINT WE
STARTED FROM LAST MARCH,

463
00:24:18,258 --> 00:24:21,511
AND RICHMOND IS STILL
THE REBEL CAPITAL."

464
00:24:21,511 --> 00:24:23,680
ELISHA HUNT RHODES.

465
00:25:09,076 --> 00:25:11,795
UNION GUNS BATTERED
FORT PULASKI, GEORGIA,

466
00:25:11,795 --> 00:25:13,413
INTO SURRENDERING

467
00:25:13,413 --> 00:25:16,133
AND CHOKED OFF
THE SAVANNAH RIVER

468
00:25:16,133 --> 00:25:17,200
TO SOUTHERN SHIPS.

469
00:25:17,718 --> 00:25:18,669
THERE WAS FIGHTING

470
00:25:18,669 --> 00:25:21,388
AT FOYT'S PLANTATION,
NORTH CAROLINA,

471
00:25:21,388 --> 00:25:24,091
ST. ANDREW'S BAY, FLORIDA,

472
00:25:24,091 --> 00:25:26,093
WARTRACE, TENNESSEE,

473
00:25:26,093 --> 00:25:29,896
AND AT ALBUQUERQUE IN FAR-OFF
NEW MEXICO TERRITORY.

474
00:25:33,650 --> 00:25:36,236
"SEA ISLANDS, GEORGIA.

475
00:25:36,770 --> 00:25:38,939
"HERE I AM,
SURROUNDED BY TROOPERS,

476
00:25:38,939 --> 00:25:41,108
"MISSIONARIES,
CONTRABANDS,

477
00:25:41,108 --> 00:25:43,276
"COTTON FIELDS,
AND SERPENTS,

478
00:25:43,276 --> 00:25:44,361
"IN A SUMMER CLIMATE,

479
00:25:44,911 --> 00:25:47,080
"DISGUSTED WITH
ALL THINGS MILITARY

480
00:25:47,614 --> 00:25:48,699
"AND FIGHTING OFF
MALARIA

481
00:25:48,699 --> 00:25:51,418
"WITH WHISKEY
AND TOBACCO.

482
00:25:51,418 --> 00:25:55,205
"NO MAN SEEMS TO REALIZE
THAT IN THIS ISLAND,

483
00:25:55,205 --> 00:25:57,924
"ALL AROUND US,
HAS BEGUN THE SOLUTION

484
00:25:57,924 --> 00:26:01,178
"OF THE TREMENDOUS
NIGGER QUESTION.

485
00:26:01,712 --> 00:26:03,347
"SOME 10,000
FORMER SLAVES

486
00:26:03,347 --> 00:26:05,515
"ARE THROWN
UPON THE HANDS

487
00:26:05,515 --> 00:26:07,134
"OF THE UNFORTUNATE
GOVERNMENT.

488
00:26:07,684 --> 00:26:09,302
"THEY ARE
THE FORERUNNERS

489
00:26:09,302 --> 00:26:12,022
OF HUNDREDS
OF THOUSANDS MORE."

490
00:26:12,022 --> 00:26:15,275
LIEUTENANT
CHARLES FRANCIS ADAMS.

491
00:26:15,275 --> 00:26:16,893
STATIONED IN PLACES

492
00:26:16,893 --> 00:26:18,528
LIKE HILTON HEAD
AND BEAUFORT,

493
00:26:18,528 --> 00:26:21,782
NEW ENGLANDERS FIRST
TASTED THE TROPICS.

494
00:26:22,315 --> 00:26:24,484
NONE OF
THE 2nd MASSACHUSETTS

495
00:26:24,484 --> 00:26:27,738
HAD EVER SEEN
A PALM TREE BEFORE.

496
00:26:27,738 --> 00:26:31,541
WHEN UNION FORCES TOOK PARTS
OF THE SOUTH CAROLINA COAST,

497
00:26:31,541 --> 00:26:33,160
PLANTATION OWNERS FLED,

498
00:26:33,160 --> 00:26:38,582
LEAVING BEHIND EMPTY HOUSES
AND 10,000 SLAVES.

499
00:26:38,582 --> 00:26:40,751
MISSIONARIES, TEACHERS,
AND OTHER VOLUNTEERS

500
00:26:41,301 --> 00:26:44,554
SOON ARRIVED TO HELP
THE NEWLY-LIBERATED.

501
00:26:45,088 --> 00:26:47,808
"WE HAVE COME TO DO
ANTISLAVERY WORK,"

502
00:26:47,808 --> 00:26:49,426
ONE TEACHER WROTE.

503
00:26:49,426 --> 00:26:51,595
"WE THINK IT NOBLE WORK,

504
00:26:51,595 --> 00:26:54,314
AND WE WILL DO IT NOBLY."

505
00:26:57,567 --> 00:27:00,270
"MY DEAR WIFE,

506
00:27:00,270 --> 00:27:02,439
"THIS DAY
I CAN ADDRESS YOU,

507
00:27:02,439 --> 00:27:06,243
"THANK GOD,
AS A FREE MAN.

508
00:27:06,243 --> 00:27:08,328
"I HAD A LITTLE TROUBLE
GETTING AWAY,

509
00:27:08,328 --> 00:27:12,666
"BUT AS THE LORD LED
THE CHILDREN OF ISRAEL TO THE LAND OF CANAAN,

510
00:27:12,666 --> 00:27:15,919
"SO HE LED ME TO A LAND
WHERE FREEDOM WILL REIGN

511
00:27:15,919 --> 00:27:18,622
"IN SPITE
OF EARTH AND HELL.

512
00:27:18,622 --> 00:27:21,875
"MY DEAR, I TRUST
THE TIME WILL COME

513
00:27:21,875 --> 00:27:24,044
"WHEN WE WILL MEET AGAIN.

514
00:27:24,044 --> 00:27:27,297
"AND IF WE
DON'T MEET ON EARTH,

515
00:27:27,297 --> 00:27:30,016
"WE WILL MEET IN HEAVEN,
WHERE JESUS REIGNS.

516
00:27:30,550 --> 00:27:33,270
"DEAR WIFE, I MUST CLOSE.

517
00:27:33,270 --> 00:27:37,057
"REST YOURSELF CONTENTED.
I AM FREE.

518
00:27:37,057 --> 00:27:39,226
"YOUR AFFECTIONATE
HUSBAND.

519
00:27:39,226 --> 00:27:41,394
KISS DANIEL FOR ME."

520
00:27:41,394 --> 00:27:43,029
JOHN BOSTON.

521
00:27:47,367 --> 00:27:48,452
AT DEER ISLE, MAINE,

522
00:27:48,452 --> 00:27:51,705
PEOPLE WERE AFRAID TO GO
TO THE POST OFFICE,

523
00:27:51,705 --> 00:27:54,958
WHERE THE CASUALTY LISTS
WERE POSTED.

524
00:27:54,958 --> 00:27:56,576
"NEW BERNE,
NORTH CAROLINA.

525
00:27:57,127 --> 00:27:58,745
"MARCH 20, 1862.

526
00:27:58,745 --> 00:28:00,914
"TO
MR. JOHN WEBSTER, JR.,

527
00:28:00,914 --> 00:28:03,083
"DEER ISLE, MAINE.

528
00:28:03,083 --> 00:28:05,802
"DEAR SIR...

529
00:28:05,802 --> 00:28:07,420
"IT IS WITH PAIN

530
00:28:07,420 --> 00:28:10,674
"THAT I HAVE
TO ANNOUNCE TO YOU

531
00:28:10,674 --> 00:28:13,393
"THE DEATH OF YOUR
BROTHER, CHARLES GRAY.

532
00:28:13,393 --> 00:28:15,011
"BY HIS GOOD CONDUCT

533
00:28:15,011 --> 00:28:16,646
"AND BRAVERY
WHILE WITH ME,

534
00:28:16,646 --> 00:28:19,900
"HE HAD RISEN
TO THE RANK OF CORPORAL,

535
00:28:19,900 --> 00:28:21,518
"AND HAD HE LIVED,

536
00:28:21,518 --> 00:28:23,687
"I SHOULD HAVE
PROMOTED HIM AGAIN.

537
00:28:23,687 --> 00:28:26,940
"HE WAS SHOT
AT THE BATTLE OF NEW BERNE.

538
00:28:26,940 --> 00:28:30,744
"HIS LAST WORDS WERE,
<i>WE WILL NEVER GIVE UP.</i>

539
00:28:30,744 --> 00:28:35,081
"HE IS BURIED HERE.

540
00:28:35,081 --> 00:28:37,250
"AT THE EARLIEST
OPPORTUNITY.

541
00:28:37,250 --> 00:28:42,672
"YOURS TRULY,
E.A.P. BREWSTER,

542
00:28:42,672 --> 00:28:44,841
23rd MASSACHUSETTS."

543
00:28:46,459 --> 00:28:49,713
DEER ISLE HAD LOST
ITS FIRST SOLDIER.

544
00:28:49,713 --> 00:28:52,432
A PARCEL CONTAINING
CHARLES GRAY'S PERSONAL EFFECTS

545
00:28:52,432 --> 00:28:52,432
ARRIVED IN THE MAIL--

546
00:28:52,432 --> 00:28:55,685
SHALL SEND HOME

547
00:28:55,685 --> 00:28:58,388
HIS HAT, PROMOTION PAPERS
ATTESTING TO HIS VALOR,

548
00:28:58,388 --> 00:29:00,557
AND A CARTRIDGE BOX

549
00:29:00,557 --> 00:29:02,192
IN WHICH
SOMEONE HAD PLACED

550
00:29:02,192 --> 00:29:04,895
THE MANGLED BULLET
THAT KILLED HIM.

551
00:29:04,895 --> 00:29:07,614
HIS MOTHER REFUSED
TO LOOK AT IT.

552
00:29:07,614 --> 00:29:11,401
THE MEN OF
THE REDUCED FISHING FLEET

553
00:29:11,401 --> 00:29:13,036
STRUGGLED TO HARVEST
A CATCH.

554
00:29:13,036 --> 00:29:15,205
WIVES TENDED
KITCHEN GARDENS

555
00:29:15,205 --> 00:29:17,374
AND SCRAPED LINEN
FOR THE LINT

556
00:29:17,374 --> 00:29:20,076
FROM WHICH BANDAGES
WERE MADE.

557
00:29:20,076 --> 00:29:22,245
MORE BAD NEWS ARRIVED.

558
00:29:22,245 --> 00:29:24,965
PRIVATE ALEX HENDERSON
HAD DIED OF DISEASE

559
00:29:25,498 --> 00:29:27,133
AT FORT JACKSON,
LOUISIANA,

560
00:29:27,133 --> 00:29:29,836
LEAVING A WIDOW
AND SEVERAL CHILDREN.

561
00:29:33,089 --> 00:29:35,258
AT CLARKSVILLE, TENNESSEE,

562
00:29:35,258 --> 00:29:36,893
TENSIONS
BETWEEN THE TOWN

563
00:29:36,893 --> 00:29:40,680
AND THE OCCUPYING
UNION ARMY RAN HIGH.

564
00:29:40,680 --> 00:29:43,817
FEDERAL TROOPS VANDALIZED
STEWART COLLEGE,

565
00:29:43,817 --> 00:29:45,986
WRECKING LABORATORIES
AND STEALING BOOKS,

566
00:29:45,986 --> 00:29:49,239
THEN SET UP
HEADQUARTERS THERE.

567
00:29:49,239 --> 00:29:52,492
SOLDIERS BURST IN
ON A CHURCH SERVICE,

568
00:29:52,492 --> 00:29:55,195
ARRESTED THE PREACHER,
COMMANDEERED HORSES,

569
00:29:55,195 --> 00:29:56,830
AND FORCED
RELUCTANT PARISHIONERS

570
00:29:56,830 --> 00:29:59,532
TO TAKE A LOYALTY OATH.

571
00:29:59,532 --> 00:30:04,421
AS MUCH AS POSSIBLE,
THE RESIDENTS STAYED AT HOME.

572
00:30:16,349 --> 00:30:20,453
IF A NORTHERNER
ASKED A SOUTHERNER, "WHY ARE YOU FIGHTING?"

573
00:30:20,453 --> 00:30:23,156
HE WOULD SAY,
"'CAUSE YOU'RE DOWN HERE."

574
00:30:23,156 --> 00:30:25,325
HE WAS BEING INVADED,

575
00:30:25,325 --> 00:30:28,578
AND HE FOUGHT
TO DEFEND HIS HOME.

576
00:30:28,578 --> 00:30:31,298
LINCOLN HAD
A MORE DIFFICULT JOB

577
00:30:31,298 --> 00:30:32,916
OF SENDING MEN OUT

578
00:30:32,916 --> 00:30:35,085
TO SHOOT UP
SOMEBODY ELSE'S HOME.

579
00:30:35,085 --> 00:30:39,422
HE HAD TO UNITE THEM
BEFORE HE COULD DO THAT.

580
00:30:39,422 --> 00:30:42,142
HIS WAY OF DOING IT
WAS DOUBLE.

581
00:30:42,142 --> 00:30:46,479
ONE WAS TO SAY
THAT THE REPUBLIC MUST BE PRESERVED,

582
00:30:46,479 --> 00:30:48,098
NOT SPLIT IN TWO.

583
00:30:48,098 --> 00:30:51,351
THE OTHER ONE
HE GAVE THEM AS A CAUSE--

584
00:30:51,351 --> 00:30:53,520
THE FREEING
OF THE SLAVES.

585
00:30:53,520 --> 00:30:57,724
ON THE MORNING
OF JULY 22, 1862,

586
00:30:57,724 --> 00:31:00,977
THE PRESIDENT CALLED
A CABINET MEETING.

587
00:31:00,977 --> 00:31:04,230
WHAT HE SAID
TOOK EVERYONE BY SURPRISE.

588
00:31:04,230 --> 00:31:06,399
AFTER LONG THOUGHT,
HE TOLD THEM,

589
00:31:06,933 --> 00:31:09,653
HE HAD DECIDED
TO EMANCIPATE THE SLAVES.

590
00:31:11,821 --> 00:31:14,524
IT WAS
A STUNNING MOMENT.

591
00:31:15,075 --> 00:31:16,693
IT WAS
AGAINST EVERYTHING

592
00:31:16,693 --> 00:31:18,328
LINCOLN HAD PROMISED
THE REPUBLICANS

593
00:31:18,328 --> 00:31:21,031
AND INDEED
THE COUNTRY--

594
00:31:21,031 --> 00:31:23,750
THAT HE WOULD NOT
BECOME AN ABOLITIONIST,

595
00:31:23,750 --> 00:31:27,537
HE WOULD NOT
STRIKE AT SLAVERY WHERE IT EXISTED.

596
00:31:27,537 --> 00:31:29,172
HERE, SUDDENLY,
HE WAS CHANGING

597
00:31:29,172 --> 00:31:31,875
THE CHARACTER
OF THE WAR.

598
00:31:34,044 --> 00:31:35,128
BUT SECRETARY OF STATE
SEWARD WORRIED

599
00:31:35,128 --> 00:31:39,466
THAT UNTIL THE ARMY HAD WON
A REAL VICTORY,

600
00:31:40,016 --> 00:31:41,634
EMANCIPATION WOULD SEEM LIKE

601
00:31:41,634 --> 00:31:44,354
THE LAST SHRIEK
ON THE RETREAT.

602
00:31:44,354 --> 00:31:47,607
LINCOLN AGREED
TO WAIT FOR A VICTORY.

603
00:31:48,692 --> 00:31:51,945
IT'S HARD TO SEPARATE
ONE ISSUE FROM ANOTHER.

604
00:31:51,945 --> 00:31:55,198
OBVIOUSLY, LINCOLN
HAD TO WIN THE WAR.

605
00:31:55,198 --> 00:31:57,333
HE HAD TO KEEP
HIS RESPECTABILITY

606
00:31:57,333 --> 00:31:59,502
AS PRESIDENT
OF A COUNTRY

607
00:31:59,502 --> 00:32:02,756
THAT WOULD NOT
ALLOW ITSELF TO BE DEFEATED

608
00:32:02,756 --> 00:32:04,374
BY A GROUP OF REBELS.

609
00:32:04,374 --> 00:32:08,178
THAT WAS ALWAYS
AN ISSUE, ESPECIALLY IN 1862.

610
00:32:08,178 --> 00:32:11,431
HE COULD NOT LET HIMSELF
BE MADE A FOOL

611
00:32:11,431 --> 00:32:14,684
AND THE UNION BE MADE
A FOOL

612
00:32:14,684 --> 00:32:16,853
BY STANDING UP
FOR PRINCIPLES

613
00:32:16,853 --> 00:32:20,106
THAT COULD NOT
BE VINDICATED ON THE BATTLEFIELD.

614
00:32:22,726 --> 00:32:27,597
â™ª I HAVE READ
A FIERY GOSPEL â™ª

615
00:32:27,597 --> 00:32:33,570
â™ª WRIT IN BURNISHED
ROWS OF STEEL â™ª

616
00:32:33,570 --> 00:32:36,823
â™ª AS YE DEAL
WITH MY CONTEMNERS â™ª

617
00:32:37,357 --> 00:32:43,329
â™ª SO WITH YOU
MY GRACE SHALL DEAL â™ª

618
00:32:43,329 --> 00:32:48,752
â™ª LET THE HERO
BORN OF WOMAN â™ª

619
00:32:48,752 --> 00:32:53,623
â™ª CRUSH THE SERPENT
WITH HIS HEEL â™ª

620
00:32:53,623 --> 00:33:02,298
â™ª SINCE GOD
IS MARCHING ON â™ª

621
00:33:17,480 --> 00:33:24,537
DESPERATE FOR A VICTORY,
LINCOLN REMOVED McCLELLAN

622
00:33:24,537 --> 00:33:26,156
POPE SO OFTEN BRAGGED

623
00:33:26,156 --> 00:33:29,409
THAT HIS HEADQUARTERS
WERE IN THE SADDLE,

624
00:33:29,409 --> 00:33:31,578
PEOPLE BEGAN TO SAY
HE HAD HIS HEADQUARTERS

625
00:33:31,578 --> 00:33:32,128
AND PUT TALL, BOMBASTIC
JOHN POPE IN COMMAND.

626
00:33:32,128 --> 00:33:34,831
WHERE HIS HINDQUARTERS
SHOULD HAVE BEEN.

627
00:33:34,831 --> 00:33:37,000
LINCOLN WAS WARNED
AT THE START

628
00:33:37,000 --> 00:33:40,804
THAT POPE
COULDN'T BE TRUSTED WITH TELLING THE TRUTH.

629
00:33:40,804 --> 00:33:43,506
LINCOLN SAID,
"I'VE KNOWN THE POPES BACK IN ILLINOIS.

630
00:33:43,506 --> 00:33:46,226
"THEY'RE ALL
LIARS AND BRAGGARTS,

631
00:33:46,226 --> 00:33:50,013
"BUT I DON'T KNOW
WHY A LIAR AND A BRAGGART

632
00:33:50,013 --> 00:33:52,182
SHOULDN'T MAKE
A GOOD GENERAL."

633
00:33:52,182 --> 00:33:54,901
POPE WASTED NO TIME
CHARGING INTO NORTHERN VIRGINIA

634
00:33:54,901 --> 00:33:57,070
AFTER THE REBEL ARMIES,

635
00:33:57,070 --> 00:34:00,857
BUT HE WAS IN TROUBLE
FROM THE START.

636
00:34:00,857 --> 00:34:04,077
FIRST, STONEWALL JACKSON
FOUGHT HIM TO A STAND-OFF

637
00:34:04,077 --> 00:34:05,695
AT CEDAR MOUNTAIN.

638
00:34:05,695 --> 00:34:07,864
JEB STUART HIT HIM NEXT,

639
00:34:07,864 --> 00:34:08,948
RAIDING HIS HEADQUARTERS

640
00:34:08,948 --> 00:34:12,202
AND GETTING AWAY
WITH $35,000 IN CASH

641
00:34:12,202 --> 00:34:14,370
AND THE UNION COMMANDER'S
DRESS COAT.

642
00:34:14,370 --> 00:34:18,174
THEN THE REBELS
SIMPLY DISAPPEARED.

643
00:34:21,377 --> 00:34:24,097
IT TOOK POPE
TWO DAYS TO FIND THEM,

644
00:34:24,097 --> 00:34:26,799
DUG IN ALONG
AN ABANDONED RAILROAD

645
00:34:26,799 --> 00:34:29,519
OVERLOOKING THE OLD
BULL RUN BATTLEFIELD.

646
00:34:30,053 --> 00:34:33,857
ON AUGUST 29th,
POPE ATTACKED,

647
00:34:33,857 --> 00:34:37,110
PROMISING
TO "BAG THE WHOLE CROWD."

648
00:34:37,110 --> 00:34:39,279
BUT THE CONFEDERATES HELD,

649
00:34:39,279 --> 00:34:43,616
JACKSON'S MEN HURLING ROCKS
WHEN AMMUNITION RAN LOW.

650
00:34:43,616 --> 00:34:46,870
AT 2:00
THE NEXT AFTERNOON,

651
00:34:46,870 --> 00:34:49,572
CONFEDERATE GENERAL
JAMES LONGSTREET

652
00:34:49,572 --> 00:34:55,545
SENT FIVE DIVISIONS
STORMING INTO THE UNION FLANK.

653
00:34:55,545 --> 00:34:58,248
IT WAS ANOTHER
UNION DISASTER.

654
00:35:05,305 --> 00:35:08,007
25,000 MEN WERE KILLED,
WOUNDED, OR MISSING

655
00:35:08,007 --> 00:35:09,642
AT SECOND BULL RUN,

656
00:35:09,642 --> 00:35:11,811
FIVE TIMES THE FIGURE

657
00:35:12,345 --> 00:35:12,896
THAT HAD SO HORRIFIED
THE COUNTRY

658
00:35:13,429 --> 00:35:17,767
THE FIRST TIME
NORTH AND SOUTH FOUGHT THERE.

659
00:35:17,767 --> 00:35:20,403
LINCOLN SENT POPE WEST
TO MINNESOTA

660
00:35:20,403 --> 00:35:23,656
TO DEAL WITH AN UPRISING
AMONG THE SIOUX

661
00:35:23,656 --> 00:35:25,275
AND RELUCTANTLY
PUT GEORGE McCLELLAN

662
00:35:25,275 --> 00:35:27,443
BACK IN COMMAND.

663
00:35:27,443 --> 00:35:29,996
"WE MUST USE
THE TOOLS WE HAVE,"

664
00:35:29,996 --> 00:35:32,699
LINCOLN SAID.

665
00:35:32,699 --> 00:35:34,334
McCLELLAN TOLD HIS WIFE

666
00:35:34,334 --> 00:35:37,587
HE HAD BEEN CALLED UPON
TO SAVE THE COUNTRY

667
00:35:38,121 --> 00:35:39,756
ONCE AGAIN.

668
00:35:47,347 --> 00:35:48,965
"WE WOULD ASK
THE NORTH CAROLINIANS

669
00:35:48,965 --> 00:35:51,684
"IF THEY HAD ANY TAR

670
00:35:51,684 --> 00:35:53,853
"AND CALL THEM TAR HEELS.

671
00:35:53,853 --> 00:35:55,471
"THEY REPLIED NO,

672
00:35:55,471 --> 00:35:57,640
"AS THEY'D LET
US VIRGINIANS HAVE IT ALL

673
00:35:57,640 --> 00:36:00,893
"TO MAKE US STICK
IN THE LAST FIGHT

674
00:36:00,893 --> 00:36:01,894
"AND CALL US SORE BACKS,

675
00:36:01,894 --> 00:36:04,564
"AS THEY'D KNOCKED THE SKIN
OFF OUR BACKS

676
00:36:04,564 --> 00:36:06,733
"RUNNING OVER US
TO GET INTO BATTLE.

677
00:36:06,733 --> 00:36:09,452
"SO IT WENT,
IN GOOD HUMOR,

678
00:36:09,452 --> 00:36:11,621
KNOWING ALL
DID THEIR DUTY."

679
00:36:11,621 --> 00:36:16,492
JOHN CASLER, 33rd REGIMENT,
VIRGINIA INFANTRY, STONEWALL'S BRIGADE.

680
00:36:17,043 --> 00:36:19,212
THEY WERE FROM
THE SAME STATE.

681
00:36:19,212 --> 00:36:21,381
THEY HAD FOLLOWED
THE SAME FLAG.

682
00:36:21,381 --> 00:36:23,549
THE BATTLES THEY
HAD FOUGHT IN,

683
00:36:24,083 --> 00:36:26,803
THE NAMES WERE STITCHED
ON THAT FLAG.

684
00:36:26,803 --> 00:36:28,421
THERE WAS UNIT PRIDE.

685
00:36:28,421 --> 00:36:31,674
THERE WAS A GREAT DEAL
OF SADNESS

686
00:36:31,674 --> 00:36:34,394
OVER THE LOSSES
THEY SUFFERED.

687
00:36:34,394 --> 00:36:36,562
THERE WAS A CLOSENESS
AMONG THOSE MEN

688
00:36:36,562 --> 00:36:39,816
THAT CAME FROM YEARS
OF EOSURE

689
00:36:39,816 --> 00:36:43,069
TO THE MOST HORRENDOUS
WARFARE I KNOW OF.

690
00:36:43,069 --> 00:36:44,687
"DEAR FATHER,
THE NEXT MORNING,

691
00:36:44,687 --> 00:36:46,856
"WE HAD
OUR SECOND BATTLE.

692
00:36:46,856 --> 00:36:48,491
"IT WAS RATHER
STRANGE MUSIC

693
00:36:48,491 --> 00:36:52,829
"TO HEAR THE BALLS SCREAM
WITHIN AN INCH OF MY HEAD.

694
00:36:52,829 --> 00:36:56,082
"A BULLET STRUCK ME
ON TOP OF THE HEAD

695
00:36:56,082 --> 00:36:59,335
"JUST AS I WAS
GOING TO FIRE.

696
00:36:59,335 --> 00:37:02,588
"A BALL HIT MY FINGER.
ANOTHER HIT MY THUMB.

697
00:37:02,588 --> 00:37:04,207
"THE FIRING INCREASED
TENFOLD,

698
00:37:04,207 --> 00:37:06,926
"THEN IT SOUNDED
LIKE THE ROLLS OF THUNDER,

699
00:37:06,926 --> 00:37:09,629
"ALL THE TIME
EVERY MAN SHOUTING

700
00:37:09,629 --> 00:37:11,264
"AS LOUD AS HE COULD.

701
00:37:11,264 --> 00:37:13,433
"I GOT
RATHER MORE EXCITED

702
00:37:13,433 --> 00:37:15,601
THAN I WISH TO AGAIN."

703
00:37:16,686 --> 00:37:18,304
"I SAW THE BODY

704
00:37:18,304 --> 00:37:21,557
"OF A MAN KILLED
THE PREVIOUS DAY,

705
00:37:21,557 --> 00:37:24,277
"AND A HORRIBLE SIGHT
IT WAS.

706
00:37:24,277 --> 00:37:27,530
"SUCH SIGHTS
DON'T AFFECT ME AS THEY ONCE DID.

707
00:37:28,064 --> 00:37:29,148
"I CANNOT DESCRIBE
THE CHANGE,

708
00:37:29,148 --> 00:37:32,952
"NOR DO I KNOW
WHEN IT HAPPENED,

709
00:37:32,952 --> 00:37:37,290
"BUT I LOOK ON
THE CARCASS OF A MAN NOW

710
00:37:37,290 --> 00:37:41,627
LIKE I WOULD WERE IT
A HORSE OR A HOG."

711
00:37:41,627 --> 00:37:44,797
"SUNDAY A SOLDIER
OF COMPANY A DIED AND WAS BURIED.

712
00:37:44,797 --> 00:37:46,416
"EVERYTHING WENT ON

713
00:37:46,416 --> 00:37:49,135
"AS IF NOTHING
HAD HAPPENED,

714
00:37:49,135 --> 00:37:51,838
"FOR DEATH IS SO COMMON,
LITTLE SENTIMENT IS WASTED.

715
00:37:51,838 --> 00:37:55,641
IT IS NOT LIKE
DEATH AT HOME."

716
00:37:55,641 --> 00:37:58,344
ELISHA HUNT RHODES.

717
00:38:01,597 --> 00:38:03,766
FALLING BACK FROM
THE BULL RUN BATTLEFIELD,

718
00:38:03,766 --> 00:38:07,019
UNION TROOPS SKIRMISHED BRIEFLY
WITH REBEL FORCES

719
00:38:07,019 --> 00:38:09,188
AT FALLS CHURCH, VIRGINIA,

720
00:38:09,188 --> 00:38:12,442
WHERE THE MEN PAUSED
TO SCRIBBLE THEIR NAMES

721
00:38:12,442 --> 00:38:14,610
ON THE CHAPEL WALLS.

722
00:38:16,245 --> 00:38:17,864
"IN GREAT CONTESTS,"

723
00:38:17,864 --> 00:38:20,032
ABRAHAM LINCOLN WROTE
AS THE SUMMER WANED,

724
00:38:20,032 --> 00:38:23,286
"EACH PARTY CLAIMS TO ACT
IN ACCORDANCE

725
00:38:23,286 --> 00:38:25,455
"WITH THE WILL OF GOD.

726
00:38:25,455 --> 00:38:29,709
"BOTH MAY BE,
BUT ONE MUST BE, WRONG.

727
00:38:29,709 --> 00:38:33,513
"GOD CANNOT BE FOR
AND AGAINST THE SAME THING

728
00:38:34,046 --> 00:38:36,215
AT THE SAME TIME."

729
00:38:41,104 --> 00:38:43,272
"AUGUST 20, 1862.

730
00:38:43,272 --> 00:38:45,975
AN OPEN LETTER
TO THE PRESIDENT."

731
00:38:47,610 --> 00:38:49,779
"WE THINK YOU ARE
UNDULY INFLUENCED

732
00:38:49,779 --> 00:38:53,032
"BY THE COUNSELS
OF CERTAIN FOSSIL POLITICIANS

733
00:38:53,032 --> 00:38:54,650
"HAILING
FROM BORDER SLAVE STATES.

734
00:38:54,650 --> 00:38:57,904
"WE ASK YOU TO CONSIDER
THAT SLAVERY

735
00:38:57,904 --> 00:39:00,623
"IS EVERYWHERE
THE INCITING CAUSE AND SUSTAINING BASE

736
00:39:00,623 --> 00:39:02,241
"OF TREASON.

737
00:39:02,241 --> 00:39:04,961
"IT SEEMS TO US
THE MOST OBVIOUS TRUTH

738
00:39:04,961 --> 00:39:07,663
"THAT WHATEVER STRENGTHENS
OR FORTIFIES SLAVERY

739
00:39:07,663 --> 00:39:09,832
"DRIVES HOME THE WEDGE

740
00:39:09,832 --> 00:39:12,552
INTENDED TO DIVIDE
THE UNION."

741
00:39:12,552 --> 00:39:15,254
HORACE GREELEY.

742
00:39:15,254 --> 00:39:17,974
"AUGUST 22nd.

743
00:39:17,974 --> 00:39:20,676
"MY PARAMOUNT OBJECT
IN THIS STRUGGLE

744
00:39:20,676 --> 00:39:22,845
"IS TO SAVE THE UNION

745
00:39:22,845 --> 00:39:25,565
"AND IS NOT EITHER
TO SAVE

746
00:39:25,565 --> 00:39:27,733
"OR TO DESTROY SLAVERY.

747
00:39:27,733 --> 00:39:29,769
"IF I COULD
SAVE THE UNION

748
00:39:29,769 --> 00:39:31,404
"WITHOUT FREEING
ANY SLAVE,

749
00:39:31,404 --> 00:39:32,488
"I WOULD DO IT.

750
00:39:33,022 --> 00:39:35,741
"IF I COULD SAVE IT
BY FREEING ALL SLAVES,

751
00:39:35,741 --> 00:39:37,360
"I WOULD DO IT.

752
00:39:37,360 --> 00:39:41,164
"IF I COULD SAVE IT
BY FREEING ONLY SOME,

753
00:39:41,164 --> 00:39:43,332
I WOULD ALSO DO THAT."

754
00:39:46,586 --> 00:39:49,288
"IT SEEMS THAT TIME
IS FAST APPROACHING

755
00:39:49,288 --> 00:39:52,008
"WHEN SOME JOINT OFFER
OF MEDIATION

756
00:39:52,008 --> 00:39:53,626
"BY ENGLAND, FRANCE,
AND RUSSIA

757
00:39:53,626 --> 00:39:58,514
"MIGHT BE MADE
TO THE COMBATANTS IN NORTH AMERICA.

758
00:39:59,048 --> 00:40:02,852
"THE PROPOSAL WOULD BE MADE
TO NORTH AND SOUTH.

759
00:40:02,852 --> 00:40:06,639
"IF BOTH ACCEPTED,
WE SHOULD RECOMMEND AN ARMISTICE

760
00:40:06,639 --> 00:40:08,808
"AND CESSATION
OF BLOCKADES,

761
00:40:08,808 --> 00:40:10,443
"WITH A VIEW
TO NEGOTIATION

762
00:40:10,443 --> 00:40:12,612
ON THE BASIS
OF SEPARATION."

763
00:40:12,612 --> 00:40:14,230
PRIME MINISTER PALMERSTON.

764
00:40:14,780 --> 00:40:17,483
LINCOLN HAD
TO HAVE A VICTORY./

765
00:40:21,287 --> 00:40:23,456
"SEPTEMBER 3, 1862.

766
00:40:23,456 --> 00:40:25,625
"THE PRESENT
SEEMS TO BE

767
00:40:25,625 --> 00:40:27,793
"THE MOST
PROPITIOUS TIME

768
00:40:27,793 --> 00:40:29,962
"SINCE THE COMMENCEMENT
OF THE WAR

769
00:40:29,962 --> 00:40:33,216
FOR THE CONFEDERATE
ARMY TO ENTER MARYLAND."

770
00:40:33,216 --> 00:40:35,384
ROBERT E. LEE.

771
00:40:35,384 --> 00:40:38,638
THE BRILLIANT SOUTHERN VICTORIES
OF SPRING AND SUMMER

772
00:40:38,638 --> 00:40:41,340
HAD BROUGHT LEE'S ARMY
INTERNATIONAL RENOWN.

773
00:40:41,340 --> 00:40:42,975
ONE MORE SUCCESSFUL
CAMPAIGN,

774
00:40:42,975 --> 00:40:45,144
HE WROTE JEFFERSON DAVIS,

775
00:40:45,144 --> 00:40:48,397
WOULD FORCE EUROPE
TO RECOGNIZE THE CONFEDERACY.

776
00:40:48,397 --> 00:40:51,100
NOW, FOR THE FIRST TIME,

777
00:40:51,651 --> 00:40:54,904
LEE LED 40,000 SOLDIERS
ACROSS THE POTOMAC

778
00:40:54,904 --> 00:40:57,607
AND ONTO UNION SOIL.

779
00:40:57,607 --> 00:41:00,860
"THIS BODY OF MEN
MOVING ALONG WITH NO ORDER,

780
00:41:00,860 --> 00:41:04,113
"THEIR GUNS CARRIED
IN EVERY FASHION,

781
00:41:04,113 --> 00:41:05,748
"NO TWO DRESSED ALIKE,

782
00:41:05,748 --> 00:41:07,366
"THEIR OFFICERS
HARDLY DISTINGUISHABLE

783
00:41:07,366 --> 00:41:10,086
"FROM THE PRIVATES--

784
00:41:10,086 --> 00:41:14,423
"WERE THESE THE MEN
THAT HAD DRIVEN BACK AGAIN AND AGAIN

785
00:41:14,957 --> 00:41:17,126
OUR SPLENDID LEGIONS?"

786
00:41:18,761 --> 00:41:22,548
"THEY WERE
THE DIRTIEST MEN I EVER SAW,

787
00:41:22,548 --> 00:41:23,633
"A MOST RAGGED,
LEAN,

788
00:41:23,633 --> 00:41:27,436
"AND HUNGRY SET
OF WOLVES.

789
00:41:27,436 --> 00:41:30,139
"YET THERE WAS
A DASH ABOUT THEM

790
00:41:30,139 --> 00:41:32,308
THAT THE NORTHERN
MEN LACKED."

791
00:41:34,894 --> 00:41:37,563
LEE'S TARGET WAS
THE FEDERAL RAIL CENTER

792
00:41:37,563 --> 00:41:39,732
AT HARRISBURG,
PENNSYLVANIA.

793
00:41:39,732 --> 00:41:41,784
HOPING MARYLANDERS
WOULD RISE UP

794
00:41:41,784 --> 00:41:43,653
AGAINST THE UNION,

795
00:41:43,653 --> 00:41:46,989
HE INSTRUCTED HIS MEN TO SING
<i>MARYLAND, MY MARYLAND</i>

796
00:41:46,989 --> 00:41:49,158
AS THEY MARCHED.

797
00:41:49,158 --> 00:41:51,327
IT DIDN'T WORK.

798
00:41:51,327 --> 00:41:53,496
MOST RESIDENTS
OF THE SMALL TOWNS

799
00:41:53,496 --> 00:41:56,215
STAYED FEARFULLY
BEHIND CLOSED DOORS.

800
00:41:56,749 --> 00:41:59,835
THEN, ON SEPTEMBER 13th,
IN A MEADOW NEAR FREDERICK,

801
00:41:59,835 --> 00:42:02,555
A UNION SOLDIER
FOUND THREE CIGARS

802
00:42:02,555 --> 00:42:04,724
WRAPPED IN
A PIECE OF PAPER.

803
00:42:05,257 --> 00:42:07,977
IT WAS A COPY
OF LEE'S BATTLE PLANS,

804
00:42:07,977 --> 00:42:10,146
ACCIDENTALLY LEFT BEHIND.

805
00:42:10,646 --> 00:42:12,682
McCLELLAN NOW KNEW
LEE HAD DIVIDED HIS ARMY,

806
00:42:13,232 --> 00:42:15,935
SENDING ONE PART OFF
TO SEIZE HARPERS FERRY.

807
00:42:15,935 --> 00:42:18,654
McCLELLAN HAD
IN HIS HANDS

808
00:42:18,654 --> 00:42:22,441
THE INSTRUMENT WITH WHICH
TO DESTROY LEE.

809
00:42:24,610 --> 00:42:29,498
STILL, HE DID NOTHING,
FOR 18 CRUCIAL HOURS.

810
00:42:33,836 --> 00:42:35,454
ON SEPTEMBER 15th,

811
00:42:35,454 --> 00:42:37,623
LEE AND HIS CONFEDERATES
TOOK UP POSITIONS

812
00:42:37,623 --> 00:42:40,343
ALONG THE CREST
OF A 3-MILE RIDGE

813
00:42:40,343 --> 00:42:43,596
JUST EAST OF THE TOWN
OF SHARPSBURG

814
00:42:43,596 --> 00:42:45,748
AND ONLY 52 MILES
FROM WASHINGTON.

815
00:42:46,265 --> 00:42:48,300
THE POTOMAC
WAS AT THEIR BACK.

816
00:42:48,300 --> 00:42:52,104
IN FRONT RAN A CREEK
CALLED ANTIETAM.

817
00:42:52,104 --> 00:42:54,807
"ON THE FORENOON
OF THE 15th,

818
00:42:54,807 --> 00:42:57,526
"BLUE FEDERAL UNIFORMS
APPEARED AMONG THE TREES

819
00:42:57,526 --> 00:43:00,780
"ON THE EASTERN BANK
OF THE ANTIETAM.

820
00:43:00,780 --> 00:43:02,948
"THE FIELD OF BLUE
GREW LARGER,

821
00:43:02,948 --> 00:43:07,286
"UNTIL IT STRETCHED
AS FAR AS THE EYE COULD SEE.

822
00:43:07,286 --> 00:43:11,073
"FROM THE TOPS
OF THE MOUNTAINS TO THE STREAM EDGES

823
00:43:11,073 --> 00:43:13,242
GATHERED McCLELLAN'S
GREAT ARMY."

824
00:43:13,242 --> 00:43:15,411
GENERAL
JAMES LONGSTREET.

825
00:43:15,411 --> 00:43:17,046
HAD McCLELLAN
HURLED HIS ARMY

826
00:43:17,046 --> 00:43:19,215
AT THE CONFEDERATES
THAT DAY,

827
00:43:19,215 --> 00:43:23,002
THE WAR MIGHT HAVE ENDED,
BUT HE DID NOT.

828
00:43:23,002 --> 00:43:25,721
"THERE WAS A SINGLE ITEM
IN OUR ADVANTAGE,"

829
00:43:26,255 --> 00:43:27,890
AN AIDE TO LEE REMEMBERED,

830
00:43:27,890 --> 00:43:30,059
"BUT IT WAS
AN IMPORTANT ONE.

831
00:43:30,059 --> 00:43:32,228
"McCLELLAN HAD BROUGHT
SUPERIOR FORCES

832
00:43:32,228 --> 00:43:34,397
TO SHARPSBURG,"
THE AIDE CONCEDED,

833
00:43:34,397 --> 00:43:37,099
"BUT HE HAD ALSO
BROUGHT HIMSELF."

834
00:43:38,734 --> 00:43:44,607
"SEPTEMBER 16th--
THAT NIGHT, I LAY BESIDE THE CHARLESTOWN PIKE

835
00:43:44,607 --> 00:43:46,776
"AND WATCHED
UNTIL MORNING

836
00:43:46,776 --> 00:43:50,029
"THE GRIMY COLUMNS
COME POURING UP FROM THE PONTOONS.

837
00:43:50,029 --> 00:43:52,748
"IT WAS A WEIRD,
UNCANNY SIGHT

838
00:43:52,748 --> 00:43:54,366
"AND DROVE SLEEP
FROM MY EYES.

839
00:43:55,451 --> 00:43:57,086
"IT WAS SOMETHING
DEMON-LIKE,

840
00:43:57,620 --> 00:43:59,255
"A SCENE FROM AN INFERNO.

841
00:43:59,255 --> 00:44:01,957
"THEY WERE SILENT
AS GHOSTS,

842
00:44:01,957 --> 00:44:04,126
"RUTHLESS AND RUSHING
IN THEIR SPEED,

843
00:44:04,126 --> 00:44:07,930
"RAGGED, EARTH-COLORED,
DISHEVELED, AND DEVILISH.

844
00:44:07,930 --> 00:44:10,599
"THE SHUFFLE OF THEIR
BADLY SHOD FEET

845
00:44:10,599 --> 00:44:12,768
"ON THE HARD SURFACE
OF THE PIKE

846
00:44:12,768 --> 00:44:15,471
"WAS SO RAPID
AS TO BE CONTINUOUS,

847
00:44:15,471 --> 00:44:18,190
"LIKE THE HISS
OF A GREAT SERPENT.

848
00:44:18,190 --> 00:44:20,893
"THE SPECTRAL,
GHOSTLY PICTURE

849
00:44:20,893 --> 00:44:24,146
WILL NEVER BE ERASED
FROM MY MEMORY."

850
00:44:24,146 --> 00:44:27,399
CAPTAIN
EDWARD HASTINGS RIPLEY.

851
00:44:31,654 --> 00:44:32,738
"AS NIGHT GREW NEARER,

852
00:44:32,738 --> 00:44:35,458
"WHISPERS OF
A GREAT BATTLE

853
00:44:35,458 --> 00:44:38,160
"TO BE FOUGHT THE NEXT
DAY GREW LOUDER,

854
00:44:38,160 --> 00:44:40,880
"AND WE SHUDDERED
AT THE PROSPECT,

855
00:44:41,413 --> 00:44:44,667
"FOR THE BATTLES HAD
COME TO MEAN TO US,

856
00:44:44,667 --> 00:44:46,302
"AS THEY
NEVER HAD BEFORE,

857
00:44:46,302 --> 00:44:49,555
BLOOD, WOUNDS,
AND DEATH."

858
00:45:05,771 --> 00:45:08,491
THE BATTLE
THAT BEGAN THE NEXT DAY

859
00:45:08,491 --> 00:45:10,109
WAS REALLY THREE BATTLES.

860
00:45:10,109 --> 00:45:14,446
THE FIRST BEunGAN AT 6 A.M.
ON LEE'S LEFT,

861
00:45:14,446 --> 00:45:16,081
WHERE A FEDERAL FORCE

862
00:45:16,615 --> 00:45:17,700
CHARGED ALONG
THE HAGERSTOWN PIKE

863
00:45:18,250 --> 00:45:20,419
TO ATTACK
STONEWALL JACKSON'S MEN

864
00:45:20,419 --> 00:45:23,672
HIDDEN IN WOODS
BEYOND A BIG CORNFIELD.

865
00:45:23,672 --> 00:45:25,291
THE UNION OBJECTIVE

866
00:45:25,291 --> 00:45:28,010
WAS A PLATEAU
EDGED WITH ARTILLERY

867
00:45:28,544 --> 00:45:31,263
ON WHICH STOOD A SMALL
WHITEWASHED CHURCH,

868
00:45:31,263 --> 00:45:35,601
BUILT BY A GERMAN BAPTIST
PACIFIST SECT, THE DUNKARDS,

869
00:45:35,601 --> 00:45:42,107
FOR WHOM EVEN A STEEPLE
WAS THOUGHT IMMODEST.

870
00:45:42,107 --> 00:45:45,895
THE UNION FIELD COMMANDER
WAS MAJOR GENERAL JOE HOOKER,

871
00:45:45,895 --> 00:45:48,614
A PROFANE AND HARD-DRINKING
MASSACHUSETTS SOLDIER

872
00:45:48,614 --> 00:45:51,867
KNOWN AS FIGHTING JOE.

873
00:45:51,867 --> 00:45:53,485
AS HOOKER
CAUTIOUSLY ADVANCED,

874
00:45:53,485 --> 00:45:57,289
HE NOTICED THE GLINT OF BAYONETS
IN THE CORNFIELD

875
00:45:57,289 --> 00:45:59,992
AND ORDERED FOUR BATTERIES
TO FIRE INTO IT.

876
00:45:59,992 --> 00:46:01,076
[CANNON FIRE]

877
00:46:01,076 --> 00:46:03,245
THE REBELS COUNTERCHARGED.

878
00:46:03,245 --> 00:46:05,965
THE BATTLE SURGED
BACK AND FORTH

879
00:46:05,965 --> 00:46:08,133
ACROSS THE CORNFIELD
15 TIMES.

880
00:46:08,133 --> 00:46:09,752
IN A MATTER OF MINUTES,

881
00:46:09,752 --> 00:46:13,556
THE 12th MASSACHUSETTS
LOST 224 OF 334 MEN.

882
00:46:13,556 --> 00:46:16,809
HOOKER HIMSELF
WAS CARRIED FROM THE FIELD,

883
00:46:16,809 --> 00:46:19,511
SHOT THROUGH THE FOOT.

884
00:46:20,596 --> 00:46:22,765
"THE MEN ARE LOADING
AND FIRING

885
00:46:22,765 --> 00:46:24,400
"WITH DEMONIACAL FURY
AND SHOUTING AND LAUGHING HYSTERICALLY,

886
00:46:24,400 --> 00:46:27,653
"AND THE WHOLE FIELD
BEFORE US

887
00:46:27,653 --> 00:46:30,356
"IS COVERED WITH REBELS
FLEEING FOR LIFE

888
00:46:30,906 --> 00:46:33,075
INTO THE WOODS."

889
00:46:33,075 --> 00:46:36,862
HOOKER'S MEN WERE CLOSING IN
THE DUNKARD CHURCH.

890
00:46:36,862 --> 00:46:39,582
THEN STONEWALL JACKSON
SENT IN HIS LAST RESERVES,

891
00:46:39,582 --> 00:46:43,369
JOHN BELL HOOD'S DIVISION--
FIERCE FIGHTERS AT ANY TIME,

892
00:46:43,369 --> 00:46:46,088
BUT NOW ENRAGED
AT HAVING MISSED BREAKFAST,

893
00:46:46,088 --> 00:46:49,875
WHICH HAD PROMISED TO BE
THEIR FIRST REAL MEAL IN DAYS.

894
00:46:49,875 --> 00:46:51,510
THEIR FIRST VOLLEY WAS

895
00:46:51,510 --> 00:46:54,763
"LIKE A SCYTHE RUNNING
THROUGH OUR LINE,"

896
00:46:54,763 --> 00:46:57,466
ONE UNION SURVIVOR
REMEMBERED.

897
00:46:57,466 --> 00:47:00,719
AND THEN THE CONFEDERATE
COUNTERATTACK CAME ON.

898
00:47:01,270 --> 00:47:03,439
[YELLING]

899
00:47:18,070 --> 00:47:21,323
"EVERY STALK OF CORN
WAS CUT AS CLOSELY

900
00:47:21,323 --> 00:47:24,576
"AS COULD HAVE BEEN DONE
WITH A KNIFE,

901
00:47:24,576 --> 00:47:27,296
"AND THE SLAIN
LAY IN ROWS,

902
00:47:27,296 --> 00:47:29,999
"PRECISELY AS THEY
HAD STOOD IN THEIR RANKS

903
00:47:29,999 --> 00:47:32,167
A FEW MOMENTS BEFORE."

904
00:47:32,167 --> 00:47:33,802
JOSEPH HOOKER.

905
00:47:37,589 --> 00:47:41,393
THE NORTHERN TROOPS RAN
BACK THROUGH THE CORNFIELD.

906
00:47:41,393 --> 00:47:44,647
HOOD'S MEN RAN AFTER THEM,
BUT WERE STOPPED

907
00:47:44,647 --> 00:47:47,349
BY A HAIL OF SHELLS
AND FEDERAL REINFORCEMENTS.

908
00:47:47,349 --> 00:47:50,069
WHEN THE CONFEDERATES
FINALLY WITHDREW,

909
00:47:50,069 --> 00:47:53,856
ONE OFFICER ASKED HOOD
WHERE HIS DIVISION WAS.

910
00:47:53,856 --> 00:47:57,660
"DEAD ON THE FIELD,"
HE ANSWERED.

911
00:47:57,660 --> 00:48:00,362
"I HAVE NEVER
IN MY SOLDIER'S LIFE

912
00:48:00,362 --> 00:48:01,964
"SEEN SUCH A SIGHT.

913
00:48:01,964 --> 00:48:04,667
"THE DEAD AND WOUNDED
COVERED THE GROUND.

914
00:48:04,667 --> 00:48:05,751
"IN ONE SPOT,

915
00:48:05,751 --> 00:48:07,920
"A REBEL OFFICER
AND 20 MEN

916
00:48:07,920 --> 00:48:10,622
"LAY NEAR A WRECK
OF A BATTERY.

917
00:48:10,622 --> 00:48:12,257
"IT IS SAID BATTERY A,

918
00:48:12,257 --> 00:48:13,876
"1st RHODE ISLAND
ARTILLERY

919
00:48:13,876 --> 00:48:15,511
DID THIS WORK."

920
00:48:15,511 --> 00:48:17,129
ELISHA HUNT RHODES.

921
00:48:20,382 --> 00:48:24,720
BY 10 A.M., 8,000 MEN
LAY DEAD OR WOUNDED.

922
00:48:24,720 --> 00:48:28,524
JACKSON'S LINES
HAD WAVERED, BUT HELD.

923
00:48:32,311 --> 00:48:35,564
AFTER HIS PART
OF THE BATTLE WAS OVER,

924
00:48:35,564 --> 00:48:38,817
JACKSON WAS SITTING ON
HIS HORSE, EATING A PEACH.

925
00:48:38,817 --> 00:48:39,902
HIS MEDICAL DIRECTOR,
DR. McGUIRE, WAS THERE.

926
00:48:39,902 --> 00:48:42,071
"CAPTAIN COMMANDING
COMPANY A,

927
00:48:42,071 --> 00:48:44,239
HE LOOKED OUT
OVER THIS FIELD

928
00:48:44,239 --> 00:48:46,959
WHERE THERE WERE DEAD
OF BOTH SIDES

929
00:48:46,959 --> 00:48:48,577
LITTERED ALL
OVER THE PLACE.

930
00:48:48,577 --> 00:48:52,915
HE SAID, "GOD HAS BEEN
VERY KIND TO US THIS DAY."

931
00:49:02,674 --> 00:49:05,394
THE SECOND PART OF
THE BATTLE OF ANTIETAM

932
00:49:05,394 --> 00:49:07,563
BEGAN AT THE CENTER
OF LEE'S LINE,

933
00:49:07,563 --> 00:49:09,732
A SUNKEN COUNTRY ROAD

934
00:49:09,732 --> 00:49:13,519
THAT NOW SERVED AS
A READY-MADE RIFLE PIT

935
00:49:13,519 --> 00:49:15,687
FOR TWO
CONFEDERATE BRIGADES.

936
00:49:15,687 --> 00:49:19,491
LEE ORDERED IT HELD
AT ALL COSTS.

937
00:49:19,491 --> 00:49:20,576
GENERAL JOHN B. GORDON
ASSURED HIM,

938
00:49:20,576 --> 00:49:23,278
"THESE MEN ARE GOING
TO STAY HERE, GENERAL,

939
00:49:23,278 --> 00:49:26,532
TILL THE SUN GOES DOWN
OR VICTORY IS WON."

940
00:49:27,082 --> 00:49:30,335
THEN THE UNION ATTACKED.

941
00:49:30,335 --> 00:49:31,954
"THE BRAVE UNION
COMMANDER,

942
00:49:31,954 --> 00:49:34,673
"SUPERBLY MOUNTED,
PLACED HIMSELF IN FRONT,

943
00:49:34,673 --> 00:49:36,842
"WHILE HIS BAND
CHEERED THEM

944
00:49:37,376 --> 00:49:39,011
"WITH MARTIAL MUSIC.

945
00:49:39,011 --> 00:49:42,264
"I THOUGHT, WHAT A PITY
TO SPOIL WITH BULLETS

946
00:49:42,798 --> 00:49:44,967
SUCH A SCENE
OF MARTIAL BEAUTY."

947
00:49:44,967 --> 00:49:47,136
GENERAL JOHN B. GORDON.

948
00:49:48,220 --> 00:49:51,473
GORDON LET THE BLUE LINE
GET WITHIN A FEW YARDS,

949
00:49:52,024 --> 00:49:54,726
THEN GAVE THE ORDER
TO FIRE.

950
00:49:54,726 --> 00:49:57,980
THE UNION COMMANDER
WAS KILLED INSTANTLY,

951
00:49:57,980 --> 00:50:01,233
HIS MEN WAVERED, RETREATED,
THEN CAME BACK

952
00:50:01,233 --> 00:50:05,037
AT THE CONFEDERATES
FIVE MORE TIMES.

953
00:50:07,739 --> 00:50:10,993
GORDON WAS HIT TWICE
IN THE RIGHT LEG,

954
00:50:10,993 --> 00:50:13,162
ONCE IN THE LEFT ARM,

955
00:50:13,162 --> 00:50:15,330
A FOURTH TIME
THROUGH THE SHOULDER.

956
00:50:15,881 --> 00:50:17,499
HE REFUSED ALL AID,

957
00:50:17,499 --> 00:50:20,752
LIMPING ALONG THE LINE
TO STEADY HIS MEN

958
00:50:20,752 --> 00:50:22,387
AS THE FEDERALS KEPT COMING.

959
00:50:22,387 --> 00:50:26,175
"I WAS FINALLY SHOT DOWN
BY A FIFTH BALL,

960
00:50:26,175 --> 00:50:28,343
"WHICH STRUCK ME
SQUARELY IN THE FACE.

961
00:50:28,343 --> 00:50:31,063
"I FELL FORWARD
AND LAY UNCONSCIOUS

962
00:50:31,063 --> 00:50:33,232
"WITH MY FACE IN MY CAP.

963
00:50:33,232 --> 00:50:35,400
"I MIGHT HAVE
SMOTHERED IN BLOOD

964
00:50:35,400 --> 00:50:37,019
"BUT FOR
A YANKEE BULLET HOLE

965
00:50:37,019 --> 00:50:39,738
WHICH LET THE BLOOD
RUN OUT."

966
00:50:39,738 --> 00:50:41,356
STILL THE CONFEDERATES HELD.

967
00:50:41,356 --> 00:50:43,525
UNIT AFTER UNIT
OF NORTHERN TROOPS

968
00:50:44,076 --> 00:50:46,245
FELL BACK FROM THE SHEETS
OF SOUTHERN FIRE.

969
00:50:46,245 --> 00:50:49,498
FINALLY, SOME NEW YORKERS
MANAGED TO FIND A SPOT

970
00:50:49,498 --> 00:50:51,667
FROM WHICH
THEY COULD SHOOT DOWN

971
00:50:51,667 --> 00:50:54,369
ON THE ROAD'S DEFENDERS.

972
00:50:54,369 --> 00:50:56,538
THE TIDE OF BATTLE TURNED.

973
00:50:56,538 --> 00:50:59,258
THE SUNKEN ROAD,

974
00:50:59,258 --> 00:51:00,876
REMEMBERED NOW
AS BLOODY LANE,

975
00:51:00,876 --> 00:51:03,595
RAPIDLY FILLED
WITH SOUTHERN BODIES,

976
00:51:03,595 --> 00:51:05,764
TWO AND THREE DEEP.

977
00:51:05,764 --> 00:51:08,467
THE TRIUMPHANT FEDERALS
KNELT ON TOP

978
00:51:08,467 --> 00:51:11,186
OF WHAT ONE CALLED
"THIS GHASTLY FLOORING"

979
00:51:11,720 --> 00:51:13,889
TO FIRE AT
THE FLEEING SURVIVORS.

980
00:51:15,524 --> 00:51:17,693
THE CONFEDERATE CENTER
HAD SPLINTERED.

981
00:51:17,693 --> 00:51:20,946
ONE MORE PUSH MIGHT
HAVE BROKEN IT APART.

982
00:51:20,946 --> 00:51:23,115
GENERAL McCLELLAN,
HOWEVER,

983
00:51:23,115 --> 00:51:27,452
DECIDED IT "WOULD NOT
BE PRUDENT" TO ATTACK AGAIN.

984
00:51:30,155 --> 00:51:33,959
ALL DAY LONG, IN HASTILY
CONSTRUCTED FIELD HOSPITALS,

985
00:51:33,959 --> 00:51:36,128
CLARA BARTON
TENDED THE WOUNDED.

986
00:51:36,128 --> 00:51:37,746
SHE WORKED SO CLOSE
TO THE FIGHTING

987
00:51:37,746 --> 00:51:39,915
THAT A BULLET
WENT THROUGH HER SLEEVE

988
00:51:39,915 --> 00:51:42,634
AND KILLED A MAN
SHE WAS TREATING.

989
00:51:42,634 --> 00:51:44,803
"I HAD TO WRING
THE BLOOD

990
00:51:44,803 --> 00:51:47,506
"FROM THE BOTTOM
OF MY CLOTHING

991
00:51:47,506 --> 00:51:49,675
"BEFORE I COULD STEP,

992
00:51:49,675 --> 00:51:52,394
FOR THE WEIGHT
ABOUT MY FEET."

993
00:51:54,012 --> 00:51:55,647
[CANNON FIRE]

994
00:51:55,647 --> 00:51:58,350
"I WAS LYING ON MY BACK,
SUPPORTED ON MY ELBOWS,

995
00:51:58,350 --> 00:52:02,154
"WATCHING THE SHELLS
EXPLODE OVERHEAD AND SPECULATING

996
00:52:02,154 --> 00:52:05,407
"AS TO HOW LONG I COULD
HOLD UP MY FINGER

997
00:52:05,407 --> 00:52:07,025
"BEFORE IT WOULD BE
SHOT OFF.

998
00:52:07,025 --> 00:52:10,279
"WHEN THE ORDER
TO GET UP WAS GIVEN,

999
00:52:10,279 --> 00:52:12,998
"I TURNED OVER TO LOOK
AT COLONEL KIMBALL,

1000
00:52:12,998 --> 00:52:15,701
THINKING HE HAD BECOME
SUDDENLY INSANE."

1001
00:52:15,701 --> 00:52:17,869
LIEUTENANT
MATTHEW J. GROHAN.

1002
00:52:20,589 --> 00:52:23,842
THE THIRD BATTLE TOOK PLACE
ON THE CONFEDERATE RIGHT,

1003
00:52:23,842 --> 00:52:27,629
WHERE THE UNION ARMY,
LED BY GENERAL BURNSIDE'S CORPS,

1004
00:52:27,629 --> 00:52:29,798
TRIED TO FIGHT ITS WAY

1005
00:52:29,798 --> 00:52:31,967
ACROSS A STRONGLY DEFENDED
STONE BRIDGE

1006
00:52:31,967 --> 00:52:33,602
OVER ANTIETAM CREEK.

1007
00:52:35,220 --> 00:52:38,473
AMBROSE BURNSIDE WAS
A GENIAL, DAPPER MAN--

1008
00:52:39,024 --> 00:52:42,811
HIS DISTINCTIVE WHISKERS
OR SIDEBURNS SET A FASHION--

1009
00:52:42,811 --> 00:52:44,980
BUT "HE SHRANK
FROM RESPONSIBILITY,"

1010
00:52:44,980 --> 00:52:47,149
AN ADMIRING
FELLOW OFFICER SAID,

1011
00:52:47,149 --> 00:52:48,233
"WITH SINCERE MODESTY."

1012
00:52:48,784 --> 00:52:50,402
HE OWED HIS POSITION

1013
00:52:50,402 --> 00:52:53,121
TO HIS OLD FRIEND McCLELLAN,
WHO NOW PROMISED

1014
00:52:53,121 --> 00:52:55,824
TO SUPPORT HIS ASSAULT
ACROSS THE BRIDGE.

1015
00:52:55,824 --> 00:52:59,077
BURNSIDE HAD 12,500 MEN

1016
00:52:59,077 --> 00:53:01,747
AGAINST BARELY
400 GEORGIANS

1017
00:53:01,747 --> 00:53:03,915
LED BY ROBERT TOOMBS.

1018
00:53:03,915 --> 00:53:05,500
BUT THE CONFEDERATES
COMMANDED THE BLUFF

1019
00:53:06,051 --> 00:53:07,636
OVERLOOKING THE BRIDGE

1020
00:53:07,636 --> 00:53:10,339
AND POURED
A RELENTLESS VOLLEY OF FIRE

1021
00:53:10,839 --> 00:53:12,474
DOWN ON THE UNION TROOPS.

1022
00:53:12,474 --> 00:53:15,727
IT TOOK THREE HOURS
AND THREE BLOODY CHARGES

1023
00:53:15,727 --> 00:53:18,430
FOR THE FEDERALS
TO CROSS THE CREEK

1024
00:53:18,981 --> 00:53:21,683
AND BEGIN FIGHTING
THEIR WAY UP THE SLOPE

1025
00:53:21,683 --> 00:53:23,852
TOWARDS SHARPSBURG.

1026
00:53:23,852 --> 00:53:27,656
SEVEN SUCCESSIVE UNION
COLOR BEARERS WERE HIT

1027
00:53:27,656 --> 00:53:29,825
BEFORE THE CONFEDERATES
FINALLY BROKE,

1028
00:53:29,825 --> 00:53:31,994
RACING BACK INTO THE TOWN.

1029
00:53:32,527 --> 00:53:34,696
"OH, HOW I RAN.

1030
00:53:34,696 --> 00:53:37,949
"I WAS AFRAID OF BEING
STRUCK IN THE BACK,

1031
00:53:37,949 --> 00:53:41,753
"AND I FREQUENTLY TURNED
AROUND IN RUNNING

1032
00:53:41,753 --> 00:53:45,007
SO AS TO AVOID
SO DISGRACEFUL A WOUND."

1033
00:53:45,007 --> 00:53:47,175
PRIVATE JOHN DOOLEY.

1034
00:53:47,175 --> 00:53:50,429
UNION VICTORY AGAIN
SEEMED CERTAIN.

1035
00:53:52,047 --> 00:53:54,216
BUT WHILE
THE UNION TROOPS CHEERED,

1036
00:53:54,216 --> 00:53:56,385
THE CONFEDERATE LIGHT
DIVISION WAS ARRIVING

1037
00:53:56,935 --> 00:53:58,553
FROM HARPERS FERRY...

1038
00:53:58,553 --> 00:54:02,357
3,000 MEN, FOOTSORE
FROM THEIR 17-MILE MARCH,

1039
00:54:02,357 --> 00:54:05,060
BUT OTHERWISE
READY TO FIGHT

1040
00:54:05,060 --> 00:54:07,229
AND COMMANDED
BY GENERAL A.P. HILL,

1041
00:54:07,229 --> 00:54:11,566
DRESSED IN THE RED SHIRT
HE LIKED TO WEAR IN BATTLE.

1042
00:54:11,566 --> 00:54:14,286
"A.P. HILL IS THE FIGHTINGEST
DIVISION COMMANDER

1043
00:54:14,286 --> 00:54:16,455
"IN LEE'S ARMY.

1044
00:54:16,455 --> 00:54:19,708
"HILL ARRIVED AT ANOTHER
NICK-OF-THE-MOMENT THING,

1045
00:54:19,708 --> 00:54:21,877
"AND IT WAS THE LAST ONE.

1046
00:54:22,411 --> 00:54:25,130
"IT SUCCEEDED
IN THROWING BURNSIDE BACK

1047
00:54:25,130 --> 00:54:27,833
AFTER HE FINALLY
GOT ACROSS THE BRIDGE."

1048
00:54:30,552 --> 00:54:34,339
HILL SLAMMED INTO
THE CELEBRATING UNION TROOPS.

1049
00:54:34,339 --> 00:54:36,975
BURNSIDE BEGGED McCLELLAN
TO SEND UP

1050
00:54:36,975 --> 00:54:39,144
THE REINFORCEMENTS
HE HAD PROMISED.

1051
00:54:39,144 --> 00:54:40,762
McCLELLAN REFUSED.

1052
00:54:45,100 --> 00:54:46,184
AS NIGHT FELL,
BURNSIDE WITHDREW

1053
00:54:46,735 --> 00:54:50,522
TO THE BRIDGE HE FOUGHT
SO HARD TO SEIZE.

1054
00:54:51,573 --> 00:54:54,276
THE BATTLE WAS OVER.

1055
00:54:54,276 --> 00:54:56,445
NO GROUND
HAD BEEN GAINED.

1056
00:55:31,696 --> 00:55:33,315
"BEFORE THE SUNLIGHT FADED,

1057
00:55:33,315 --> 00:55:36,034
"I WALKED
OVER THE NARROW FIELD.

1058
00:55:36,034 --> 00:55:38,737
"ALL AROUND LAY
THE CONFEDERATE DEAD,

1059
00:55:38,737 --> 00:55:39,821
"CLAD IN BUTTERNUT.

1060
00:55:39,821 --> 00:55:43,625
"AS I LOOKED DOWN
ON THE POOR PINCHED FACES,

1061
00:55:43,625 --> 00:55:45,794
ALL ENMITY DIED OUT."

1062
00:55:49,047 --> 00:55:51,750
"THERE WA<i>SECESSIONSSI</i>
<i>IN THOSE RIGID FORMS,</i>

1063
00:55:51,750 --> 00:55:55,554
"NOR IN THOSE FIXED EYES
STARING AT THE SKY.

1064
00:55:55,554 --> 00:55:58,807
CLEARLY,
IT WAS NOT THEIR WAR."

1065
00:55:59,891 --> 00:56:03,145
"THE SUN WENT DOWN.
THE THUNDER DIED AWAY.

1066
00:56:03,145 --> 00:56:05,847
"THE MUSKETRY CEASED.

1067
00:56:05,847 --> 00:56:08,016
"BIVOUAC FIRES
GLEAMED OUT

1068
00:56:08,016 --> 00:56:12,354
AS IF A GREAT CITY
HAD LIGHTED ITS LAMPS."

1069
00:56:14,523 --> 00:56:16,691
IT HAD BEEN
THE BLOODIEST DAY

1070
00:56:16,691 --> 00:56:18,326
IN AMERICAN HISTORY.

1071
00:56:18,326 --> 00:56:22,113
THE UNION LOST 2,108 DEAD,

1072
00:56:22,113 --> 00:56:24,833
ANOTHER 10,293 WOUNDED
OR MISSING--

1073
00:56:25,367 --> 00:56:30,255
DOUBLE THE CASUALTIES
OF D-DAY 82 YEARS LATER.

1074
00:56:30,255 --> 00:56:34,593
LEE LOST FEWER MEN--
10,318 CASUALTIES--

1075
00:56:34,593 --> 00:56:39,464
BUT THAT WAS A QUARTER
OF HIS ARMY.

1076
00:56:48,139 --> 00:56:50,859
"WHY DID WE NOT
ATTACK THEM

1077
00:56:50,859 --> 00:56:53,562
"AND DRIVE THEM
INTO THE RIVER?

1078
00:56:53,562 --> 00:56:55,197
"I DO NOT UNDERSTAND
THESE THINGS.

1079
00:56:55,197 --> 00:56:58,450
BUT THEN,
I AM ONLY A BOY."

1080
00:56:58,450 --> 00:57:00,068
ELISHA HUNT RHODES.

1081
00:57:02,787 --> 00:57:04,406
McCLELLAN HAD
PLENTY OF RESERVES

1082
00:57:04,406 --> 00:57:06,575
WAITING OUTSIDE SHARPSBURG,

1083
00:57:06,575 --> 00:57:09,294
BUT HE NEVER USED THEM.

1084
00:57:10,378 --> 00:57:11,997
LEE, OUTNUMBERED 3-TO-1,

1085
00:57:11,997 --> 00:57:15,250
BRACED FOR A NEW ATTACK
ALL THE NEXT DAY.

1086
00:57:15,250 --> 00:57:17,419
IT NEVER CAME.

1087
00:57:17,969 --> 00:57:21,223
ON THE 18th,
LEE AND HIS ARMY SLIPPED BACK

1088
00:57:21,223 --> 00:57:22,841
ACROSS THE POTOMAC.

1089
00:57:22,841 --> 00:57:25,343
McCLELLAN COULD CLAIM
A VICTORY,

1090
00:57:25,343 --> 00:57:28,063
BUT HE COULD HAVE WON
THE WAR.

1091
00:57:28,063 --> 00:57:30,232
LEE'S INVASION
HAD BEEN HALTED,

1092
00:57:30,232 --> 00:57:32,934
HE HAD SUFFERED
TERRIBLE LOSSES,

1093
00:57:32,934 --> 00:57:36,187
BUT HIS ARMY
HAD NOT BEEN DESTROYED.

1094
00:57:45,664 --> 00:57:49,451
"THE CAUSES OF THE WAR
WERE WIDE APART,

1095
00:57:49,451 --> 00:57:52,170
BUT THE MANHOOD
WAS THE SAME."

1096
00:57:52,170 --> 00:57:55,957
JOSHUA LAWRENCE CHAMBERLAIN,
20th MAINE.

1097
00:57:57,926 --> 00:58:00,095
HELD IN RESERVE OUTSIDE
SHARPSBURG,

1098
00:58:00,095 --> 00:58:02,797
THE 20th MAINE INCLUDED
FARMERS AND LUMBERMEN,

1099
00:58:02,797 --> 00:58:05,517
SEAMEN AND SHOPKEEPERS
AND TRAPPERS.

1100
00:58:05,517 --> 00:58:08,770
ITS COLONEL WAS
JOSHUA LAWRENCE CHAMBERLAIN,

1101
00:58:08,770 --> 00:58:12,023
A 33-YEAR-OLD PROFESSOR
OF RHETORIC, ORATORY,

1102
00:58:12,023 --> 00:58:14,192
AND MODERN LANGUAGES
AT BOWDOIN COLLEGE.

1103
00:58:14,192 --> 00:58:17,445
DENIED A LEAVE OF ABSENCE
TO ENLIST,

1104
00:58:17,445 --> 00:58:21,232
HE APPLIED FOR A SABBATICAL
TO STUDY IN EUROPE,

1105
00:58:21,232 --> 00:58:22,317
THEN VOLUNTEERED.

1106
00:58:22,317 --> 00:58:25,036
ON PAPER, HIS ONLY
QUALIFICATION FOR COMMAND

1107
00:58:25,036 --> 00:58:29,324
WAS THAT HE WAS A GENTLEMAN
OF THE HIGHEST MORAL,

1108
00:58:29,324 --> 00:58:31,459
INTELLECTUAL,
AND LITERARY WORTH.

1109
00:58:31,459 --> 00:58:34,162
CHAMBERLAIN WAS STILL
AT SHARPSBURG

1110
00:58:34,162 --> 00:58:37,966
WHEN ABRAHAM LINCOLN
CAME TO SEE THE BATTLEFIELD.

1111
00:58:41,219 --> 00:58:43,388
"WE COULD SEE
THE DEEP SADNESS

1112
00:58:43,388 --> 00:58:45,557
"IN THE PRESIDENT'S FACE

1113
00:58:45,557 --> 00:58:48,259
"AND FEEL THE BURDEN
ON HIS HEART,

1114
00:58:48,259 --> 00:58:51,513
"THINKING OF HIS COMMISSION
TO SAVE THIS PEOPLE

1115
00:58:51,513 --> 00:58:55,317
"AND KNOWING HE COULD
DO THIS NO OTHERWISE

1116
00:58:55,317 --> 00:58:56,401
"THAN AS HE HAD
BEEN DOING--

1117
00:58:56,401 --> 00:58:59,654
BY AND THROUGH
THE MANLINESS OF THESE MEN."

1118
00:59:01,740 --> 00:59:04,442
WATCHING THE PRESIDENT
REVIEW HIS TROOPS,

1119
00:59:04,442 --> 00:59:07,696
IT SEEMED TO
JOSHUA LAWRENCE CHAMBERLAIN

1120
00:59:07,696 --> 00:59:10,949
THAT A "MYSTIC BOND,
WONDERFUL IN ITS INTENSITY,"

1121
00:59:10,949 --> 00:59:14,202
JOINED THE MEN
TO THEIR COMMANDER IN CHIEF.

1122
00:59:16,371 --> 00:59:19,624
THE OBJECT
OF LINCOLN'S VISIT

1123
00:59:19,624 --> 00:59:22,877
WAS TO GET McCLELLAN
TO PURSUE LEE.

1124
00:59:22,877 --> 00:59:26,681
"I CAME BACK THINKING
HE WOULD MOVE AT ONCE.

1125
00:59:26,681 --> 00:59:27,766
"WHEN I GOT HOME,

1126
00:59:28,299 --> 00:59:31,553
"HE ARGUED
WHY HE OUGHT NOT TO MOVE.

1127
00:59:31,553 --> 00:59:33,722
"I ORDERED HIM
TO ADVANCE.

1128
00:59:33,722 --> 00:59:37,525
"IT WAS 19 DAYS BEFORE
HE PUT A MAN OVER THE RIVER,

1129
00:59:37,525 --> 00:59:42,397
"AND NINE DAYS LONGER BEFORE
HE GOT HIS ARMY ACROSS.

1130
00:59:42,397 --> 00:59:44,566
AND THEN HE STOPPED AGAIN."

1131
00:59:44,566 --> 00:59:47,819
LINCOLN AT LAST HAD HAD
ENOUGH OF GEORGE McCLELLAN.

1132
00:59:47,819 --> 00:59:51,623
THE PRESIDENT RELIEVED HIM
OF COMMAND PERMANENTLY.

1133
00:59:51,623 --> 00:59:54,876
"THEY HAVE MADE
A GREAT MISTAKE.

1134
00:59:54,876 --> 00:59:57,579
ALAS,
FOR MY POOR COUNTRY."

1135
01:00:05,170 --> 01:00:07,889
"SEPTEMBER 21, 1862.

1136
01:00:07,889 --> 01:00:10,058
"DEAR SAM, JR.,

1137
01:00:10,058 --> 01:00:13,311
"A GREAT MANY
OF YOUR OLD FRIENDS AND SCHOOLMATES

1138
01:00:13,311 --> 01:00:16,014
"HAVE DIED
OR BEEN KILLED.

1139
01:00:16,014 --> 01:00:20,351
"I WILL MERELY NAME
LEM AMBERCROMBIE,

1140
01:00:20,902 --> 01:00:23,605
"JEFF MONTGOMERY,

1141
01:00:23,605 --> 01:00:25,774
"JOHN GARRETT,

1142
01:00:25,774 --> 01:00:29,577
"LEM HATCH, JOHN HILL,

1143
01:00:29,577 --> 01:00:33,331
"PROCTOR PORTER,
BILL HUMES,

1144
01:00:33,865 --> 01:00:41,456
"JOHN WHITE, WALTER MAXEY,
ANGUS ALSTON.

1145
01:00:41,456 --> 01:00:43,625
"OLD MRS. THOMAS
OF OUR NEIGHBORHOOD

1146
01:00:44,175 --> 01:00:46,344
"HAS LOST FIVE SONS.

1147
01:00:46,878 --> 01:00:50,682
YOUR MOTHER,
MARGARET HOUSTON."

1148
01:00:53,384 --> 01:00:57,188
YOU DO HAVE A PROBLEM
WHEN YOU HAVE UNITS

1149
01:00:57,188 --> 01:01:00,975
THAT ARE FROM STATES
AND COUNTIES AND EVEN TOWNS.

1150
01:01:00,975 --> 01:01:02,610
AND ONE
OF THOSE REGIMENTS

1151
01:01:02,610 --> 01:01:05,864
CAN GET
IN A VERY TIGHT SPOT

1152
01:01:05,864 --> 01:01:08,032
IN A PARTICULAR BATTLE,

1153
01:01:08,032 --> 01:01:10,201
AND THE NEWS MAY BE

1154
01:01:10,201 --> 01:01:13,455
THAT THERE ARE NO MORE
YOUNG MEN IN THAT TOWN.

1155
01:01:13,455 --> 01:01:15,623
THEY'RE ALL DEAD.

1156
01:01:30,054 --> 01:01:33,842
IN OCTOBER OF 1862,
AT HIS NEW YORK GALLERY,

1157
01:01:33,842 --> 01:01:37,095
MATHEW BRADY OPENED
AN EXHIBITION OF PHOTOGRAPHS

1158
01:01:37,095 --> 01:01:39,814
ENTITLED
"THE DEAD OF ANTIETAM."

1159
01:01:39,814 --> 01:01:45,770
NOTHING LIKE THEM HAD EVER
BEEN SEEN IN AMERICA BEFORE.

1160
01:01:47,405 --> 01:01:51,743
"THE DEAD OF THE BATTLEFIELD
COME UP TO US VERY RARELY,

1161
01:01:52,277 --> 01:01:54,445
EVEN IN DREAMS."

1162
01:01:56,614 --> 01:01:58,783
"WE SEE THE LISTS

1163
01:01:58,783 --> 01:02:00,952
"IN THE MORNING PAPER
AT BREAKFAST,

1164
01:02:00,952 --> 01:02:04,205
BUT DISMISS ITS RECOLLECTION
WITH THE COFFEE."

1165
01:02:06,374 --> 01:02:08,543
"MR. MATHEW BRADY
HAS DONE SOMETHING

1166
01:02:08,543 --> 01:02:10,712
"TO BRING TO US
THE TERRIBLE REALITY

1167
01:02:10,712 --> 01:02:13,431
AND EARNESTNESS
OF THE WAR."

1168
01:02:14,516 --> 01:02:16,684
"IF HE HAS NOT
BROUGHT BODIES

1169
01:02:17,218 --> 01:02:19,387
"AND LAID THEM
IN OUR DOORYARDS,

1170
01:02:19,387 --> 01:02:22,640
HE HAS DONE SOMETHING
VERY LIKE IT."

1171
01:02:33,484 --> 01:02:35,653
AGAINST THE ADVICE
OF HIS ADVISERS,

1172
01:02:36,204 --> 01:02:39,457
LINCOLN REINSTATED
U.S. GRANT TO FIELD COMMAND.

1173
01:02:39,457 --> 01:02:44,879
"I CAN'T SPARE THIS MAN,"
LINCOLN SAID. "HE FIGHTS."

1174
01:02:45,964 --> 01:02:48,132
1,000 MILES TO THE WEST,

1175
01:02:48,132 --> 01:02:50,835
VICKSBURG, HIGH ON A BLUFF
OVERLOOKING THE MISSISSIPPI,

1176
01:02:50,835 --> 01:02:53,004
REMAINED CONFEDERATE.

1177
01:02:53,004 --> 01:02:55,173
"VICKSBURG,"
JEFFERSON DAVIS SAID,

1178
01:02:55,173 --> 01:02:56,257
"IS THE NAIL

1179
01:02:56,257 --> 01:03:00,061
THAT HOLDS THE SOUTH'S
TWO HALVES TOGETHER."

1180
01:03:00,061 --> 01:03:02,764
THAT FALL,
GRANT TRIED TO TAKE

1181
01:03:02,764 --> 01:03:04,933
THE HEAVILY FORTIFIED CITY.

1182
01:03:04,933 --> 01:03:06,568
HE FAILED.

1183
01:03:07,652 --> 01:03:09,821
THE CONFEDERACY WAS
ON THE OFFENSIVE

1184
01:03:09,821 --> 01:03:11,990
OVER A 1,000-MILE FRONT.

1185
01:03:11,990 --> 01:03:15,243
MR. GLADSTONE, A POWER
IN THE ENGLISH CABINET,

1186
01:03:15,243 --> 01:03:17,946
IS SAYING,
"JEFF DAVIS MADE A NAVY.

1187
01:03:17,946 --> 01:03:21,199
HE'S MADE AN ARMY,"
AND, WHAT'S MORE IMPORTANT,

1188
01:03:21,199 --> 01:03:22,800
INTIMATING
HE'S MADE A NATION.

1189
01:03:23,351 --> 01:03:25,503
BUT THE INVASION
OF MARYLAND FAILS.

1190
01:03:25,503 --> 01:03:28,756
LEE IS DEFEATED,
FALLS BACK.

1191
01:03:28,756 --> 01:03:30,375
THEY LOSE AT PERRYVILLE
IN KENTUCKY.

1192
01:03:30,375 --> 01:03:33,628
THEY LOSE AT IUKA
AND CORINTH IN MISSISSIPPI,

1193
01:03:33,628 --> 01:03:35,263
EVEN NEWTONIA IN MISSOURI.

1194
01:03:35,797 --> 01:03:37,966
THE CONFEDERATE TIDE
ROLLS BACK.

1195
01:03:37,966 --> 01:03:40,685
LINCOLN, AS A RESULT
OF ANTIETAM,

1196
01:03:40,685 --> 01:03:43,938
CONVERTED THE WAR
TO A HIGHER PLANE,

1197
01:03:43,938 --> 01:03:46,107
AGAIN THE MASTER
POLITICIAN.

1198
01:03:46,107 --> 01:03:48,810
HE ANNOUNCES A PRELIMINARY
EMANCIPATION PROCLAMATION.

1199
01:03:48,810 --> 01:03:53,147
OF COURSE, IT DOESN'T FREE
A SINGLE SLAVE IN REVOLT,

1200
01:03:53,147 --> 01:03:54,782
FREES ONLY
AS A WAR MEASURE

1201
01:03:55,867 --> 01:03:58,036
AND ONLY FREES SLAVES
IN STATES

1202
01:03:58,036 --> 01:04:00,738
WHERE THE CONFEDERACY
IS IN CONTROL,

1203
01:04:00,738 --> 01:04:04,542
AND IT TAKES EFFECT
ON THE FIRST DAY OF JANUARY.

1204
01:04:06,127 --> 01:04:08,796
"ON THE FIRST DAY
OF JANUARY,

1205
01:04:08,796 --> 01:04:13,134
"IN THE YEAR
OF OUR LORD 1863,

1206
01:04:13,134 --> 01:04:15,837
"ALL PERSONS HELD AS SLAVES
WITHIN ANY STATE

1207
01:04:15,837 --> 01:04:19,090
"OR DESIGNATED PART
OF A STATE,

1208
01:04:19,090 --> 01:04:21,809
"THE PEOPLE WHEREOF
SHALL THEN BE IN REBELLION

1209
01:04:21,809 --> 01:04:23,978
"AGAINST THE UNITED STATES,

1210
01:04:23,978 --> 01:04:28,850
"SHALL BE THEN, THENCEFORTH,
AND FOREVER FREE.

1211
01:04:28,850 --> 01:04:31,569
ABRAHAM LINCOLN."

1212
01:04:33,187 --> 01:04:35,907
ON SEPTEMBER 22nd,

1213
01:04:35,907 --> 01:04:38,609
JUST FIVE DAYS AFTER
THE BATTLE OF ANTIETAM,

1214
01:04:39,160 --> 01:04:41,863
THE PRESIDENT ISSUED
HIS EMANCIPATION PROCLAMATION.

1215
01:04:41,863 --> 01:04:44,582
"IF MY NAME EVER GOES
INTO HISTORY,"

1216
01:04:45,116 --> 01:04:46,200
LINCOLN SAID,

1217
01:04:46,200 --> 01:04:49,454
"IT WILL BE
FOR THIS ACT."

1218
01:04:50,538 --> 01:04:52,173
THE SOUTH WAS OUTRAGED.

1219
01:04:52,173 --> 01:04:55,426
JEFFERSON DAVIS CALLED IT
THE "MOST EXECRABLE MEASURE

1220
01:04:55,426 --> 01:04:58,680
RECORDED IN THE HISTORY
OF GUILTY MAN."

1221
01:05:09,524 --> 01:05:11,693
AT A WASHINGTON DINNER,
JOHN HAY,

1222
01:05:11,693 --> 01:05:14,395
THE PRESIDENT'S
23-YEAR-OLD SECRETARY,

1223
01:05:14,395 --> 01:05:16,564
NOTED "EVERYONE
SEEMED TO FEEL

1224
01:05:16,564 --> 01:05:18,733
"A NEW SORT
OF EXHILARATING LIFE.

1225
01:05:18,733 --> 01:05:21,452
"THE PRESIDENT'S PROCLAMATION
HAD FREED THEM,

1226
01:05:21,452 --> 01:05:24,706
AS WELL AS THE SLAVES."

1227
01:05:26,324 --> 01:05:28,493
"IT WAS NO LONGER
A QUESTION

1228
01:05:28,493 --> 01:05:30,661
"OF THE UNION
AS IT WAS

1229
01:05:30,661 --> 01:05:32,830
"THAT WAS TO BE
RE-ESTABLISHED.

1230
01:05:32,830 --> 01:05:36,084
"IT WAS THE UNION
AS IT SHOULD BE--

1231
01:05:36,084 --> 01:05:38,252
"THAT IS TO SAY,
WASHED CLEAN

1232
01:05:38,252 --> 01:05:40,972
"FROM ITS ORIGINAL SIN.

1233
01:05:40,972 --> 01:05:43,674
"WE WERE NO LONGER
MERELY THE SOLDIERS

1234
01:05:43,674 --> 01:05:45,309
"OF A POLITICAL CONTROVERSY.

1235
01:05:45,843 --> 01:05:47,478
"WE WERE NOW
THE MISSIONARIES

1236
01:05:47,478 --> 01:05:49,647
"OF A GREAT WORK
OF REDEMPTION,

1237
01:05:49,647 --> 01:05:51,816
"THE ARMED LIBERATORS
OF MILLIONS.

1238
01:05:51,816 --> 01:05:56,687
THE WAR WAS ENNOBLED.
THE OBJECT WAS HIGHER."

1239
01:05:59,407 --> 01:06:02,110
ABROAD, THE PROCLAMATION
HAD THE EFFECT

1240
01:06:02,110 --> 01:06:03,745
LINCOLN HAD HOPED FOR.

1241
01:06:04,278 --> 01:06:07,532
NEITHER ENGLAND NOR FRANCE
WAS WILLING OPENLY TO OPPOSE

1242
01:06:07,532 --> 01:06:11,285
A UNITED STATES PLEDGE
TO END SLAVERY.

1243
01:06:11,285 --> 01:06:13,454
"THE TRIUMPH
OF THE CONFEDERACY

1244
01:06:13,454 --> 01:06:15,623
"WOULD BE
A VICTORY OF EVIL,

1245
01:06:15,623 --> 01:06:19,427
"WHICH WOULD GIVE COURAGE
TO THE ENEMIES OF PROGRESS

1246
01:06:19,427 --> 01:06:22,130
"AND DAMP
THE SPIRITS OF FRIENDS

1247
01:06:22,130 --> 01:06:24,298
"ALL OVER
THE CIVILIZED WORLD.

1248
01:06:24,298 --> 01:06:25,933
"THE AMERICAN CIVIL WAR

1249
01:06:25,933 --> 01:06:29,187
"IS DESTINED TO BE
A TURNING POINT,

1250
01:06:29,187 --> 01:06:30,805
"FOR GOOD OR EVIL,

1251
01:06:30,805 --> 01:06:33,524
OF THE COURSE
OF HUMAN AFFAIRS."

1252
01:06:33,524 --> 01:06:35,143
JOHN STUART MILL.

1253
01:06:36,778 --> 01:06:39,480
"PUT NOT YOUR TRUST
IN PRINCES,

1254
01:06:39,480 --> 01:06:43,818
"AND REST NOT YOUR HOPES
ON FOREIGN NATIONS.

1255
01:06:43,818 --> 01:06:45,453
"THIS WAR IS OURS.

1256
01:06:45,987 --> 01:06:50,324
WE MUST FIGHT IT OUT
OURSELVES."

1257
01:06:50,875 --> 01:06:53,044
JEFFERSON DAVIS.

1258
01:06:57,381 --> 01:07:02,253
THAT DECEMBER,
LINCOLN SPOKE TO CONGRESS.

1259
01:07:02,253 --> 01:07:04,422
"THE DOGMAS
OF THE QUIET PAST

1260
01:07:04,422 --> 01:07:06,591
"ARE INADEQUATE
TO THE STORMY PRESENT.

1261
01:07:06,591 --> 01:07:07,675
"AS OUR CASE IS NEW,
SO WE MUST THINK ANEW

1262
01:07:12,013 --> 01:07:13,447
"AND ACT ANEW.

1263
01:07:13,447 --> 01:07:16,167
"WE MUST DISENTHRALL
OURSELVES,

1264
01:07:16,167 --> 01:07:20,421
"AND THEN WE SHALL SAVE
OUR COUNTRY.

1265
01:07:20,421 --> 01:07:24,225
"FELLOW CITIZENS,
WE CANNOT ESCAPE HISTORY.

1266
01:07:24,225 --> 01:07:26,928
"THE FIERY TRIAL
THROUGH WHICH WE PASS

1267
01:07:26,928 --> 01:07:29,647
"WILL LIGHT US DOWN,
IN HONOR OR DISHONOR,

1268
01:07:29,647 --> 01:07:31,816
"TO THE LATEST GENERATION.

1269
01:07:32,350 --> 01:07:35,603
"WE SAY WE ARE FOR UNION.

1270
01:07:35,603 --> 01:07:39,340
"THE WORLD WILL NOT FORGET
THAT WE SAY THIS.

1271
01:07:39,874 --> 01:07:42,593
"IN GIVING FREEDOM
TO THE SLAVE,

1272
01:07:42,593 --> 01:07:45,847
"WE ASSURE FREEDOM
TO THE FREE--

1273
01:07:46,380 --> 01:07:49,634
"HONORABLE ALIKE
IN WHAT WE GIVE

1274
01:07:49,634 --> 01:07:51,802
"AND WHAT WE PRESERVE.

1275
01:07:51,802 --> 01:07:55,056
"WE SHALL NOBLY SAVE
OR MEANLY LOSE

1276
01:07:55,056 --> 01:07:58,860
THE LAST BEST HOPE
OF EARTH."

1277
01:08:09,153 --> 01:08:10,788
"DECEMBER 31.

1278
01:08:11,322 --> 01:08:14,575
"THE YEAR 1862
IS DRAWING TO A CLOSE,

1279
01:08:14,575 --> 01:08:17,295
"AND AS I LOOK BACK,
I AM BEWILDERED

1280
01:08:17,295 --> 01:08:20,548
"WHEN I THINK
OF THE HUNDREDS OF MILES

1281
01:08:20,548 --> 01:08:22,166
"I HAVE TRAMPED,

1282
01:08:22,166 --> 01:08:24,886
"THE THOUSANDS OF DEAD
AND WOUNDED I'VE SEEN.

1283
01:08:24,886 --> 01:08:26,504
"BUT WE HOPE FOR THE BEST

1284
01:08:26,504 --> 01:08:30,841
"AND FEEL SURE THAT
THE UNION WILL BE RESTORED.

1285
01:08:30,841 --> 01:08:32,476
GOODBYE, 1862."

1286
01:08:32,476 --> 01:08:34,645
ELISHA HUNT RHODES.

1287
01:08:37,348 --> 01:08:40,067
"WE SHOUT FOR JOY
THAT WE LIVE TO RECORD

1288
01:08:40,601 --> 01:08:44,405
"THIS RIGHTEOUS DECREE--
FREE FOREVER!

1289
01:08:44,405 --> 01:08:47,108
"OH, YE MILLIONS OF FREE
AND LOYAL MEN

1290
01:08:47,108 --> 01:08:49,827
"WHO HAVE
EARNESTLY SOUGHT

1291
01:08:49,827 --> 01:08:51,996
"TO FREE
YOUR BLEEDING COUNTRY

1292
01:08:51,996 --> 01:08:55,249
"FROM THE DREADFUL RAVAGES
OF REVOLUTION AND ANARCHY,

1293
01:08:55,249 --> 01:08:58,502
"LIFT UP NOW YOUR VOICES
WITH JOY AND THANKSGIVING,

1294
01:08:58,502 --> 01:09:01,205
"FOR WITH FREEDOM
TO THE SLAVE

1295
01:09:01,205 --> 01:09:03,925
WILL COME PEACE AND SAFETY
TO YOUR COUNTRY."

1296
01:09:03,925 --> 01:09:07,178
FREDERICK DOUGLASS.

1297
01:09:07,178 --> 01:09:08,262
[BELL TOLLS]

1298
01:09:08,262 --> 01:09:11,515
ON DECEMBER 31st,
A LARGE CROWD OF ABOLITIONISTS,

1299
01:09:11,515 --> 01:09:14,218
INCLUDING HARRIET TUBMAN
AND WENDELL PHILLIPS,

1300
01:09:14,218 --> 01:09:16,938
GATHERED TOGETHER
THE MUSIC HALL IN BOSTON.

1301
01:09:16,938 --> 01:09:18,556
AT MIDNIGHT,

1302
01:09:18,556 --> 01:09:21,275
THE EMANCIPATION PROCLAMATION
WOULD TAKE EFFECT.

1303
01:09:21,275 --> 01:09:23,444
ON THE STAGE,
WILLIAM LLOYD GARRISON

1304
01:09:23,444 --> 01:09:26,697
WEPT WITH JOY
BESIDE FREDERICK DOUGLASS.

1305
01:09:26,697 --> 01:09:30,484
THE CHEERING CROWD CALLED
FOR HARRIET BEECHER STOWE.

1306
01:09:32,653 --> 01:09:36,457
SHE STOOD IN THE BALCONY,
TEARS IN HER EYES.

1307
01:09:37,541 --> 01:09:40,244
AT A WASHINGTON, D.C.,
CONTRABAND CAMP,

1308
01:09:40,244 --> 01:09:42,964
FORMER SLAVES TESTIFIED.

1309
01:09:42,964 --> 01:09:45,666
ONE REMEMBERED THE SALE
OF HIS DAUGHTER.

1310
01:09:45,666 --> 01:09:49,470
"NOW NO MORE OF THAT,"
HE SAID.

1311
01:09:49,470 --> 01:09:52,173
"THEY CAN'T SELL MY WIFE
AND CHILDREN ANYMORE.

1312
01:09:52,173 --> 01:09:55,426
BLESS THE LORD."

1313
01:09:59,230 --> 01:10:01,932
ON THE SEA ISLANDS
OFF SOUTH CAROLINA,

1314
01:10:01,932 --> 01:10:04,652
FEDERAL AGENTS READ
THE PROCLAMATION ALOUD

1315
01:10:04,652 --> 01:10:06,821
TO FORMER SLAVES

1316
01:10:07,355 --> 01:10:10,608
UNDER THE SPREADING BOUGHS
OF A HUGE OAK TREE.

1317
01:10:10,608 --> 01:10:13,861
AS THE COMMANDER
OF A NEW ALL-BLACK REGIMENT

1318
01:10:13,861 --> 01:10:16,030
UNFURLED AN AMERICAN FLAG,

1319
01:10:16,030 --> 01:10:18,749
HIS MEN BROKE INTO SONG.

1320
01:10:18,749 --> 01:10:21,452
"IT SEEMED
THE CHOKED VOICE

1321
01:10:21,452 --> 01:10:25,256
OF A RACE AT LAST UNLOOSED,"
HE WROTE.

1322
01:10:31,762 --> 01:10:35,549
â™ª IN THE BEAUTY
OF THE LILIES â™ª

1323
01:10:36,100 --> 01:10:40,971
â™ª CHRIST WAS BORN
ACROSS THE SEA â™ª

1324
01:10:40,971 --> 01:10:44,225
â™ª WITH A GLORY
IN HIS BOSOM â™ª

1325
01:10:44,225 --> 01:10:49,113
â™ª THAT TRANSFIGURES
YOU AND ME â™ª

1326
01:10:49,113 --> 01:10:52,900
â™ª AS HE DIED
TO MAKE MEN HOLY â™ª

1327
01:10:52,900 --> 01:10:56,704
â™ª LET US DIE
TO MAKE MEN FREE â™ª

1328
01:10:56,704 --> 01:10:58,322
â™ª WHILE GOD IS MARCHING ON â™ª

1329
01:10:58,322 --> 01:11:06,464
â™ª GLORY, GLORY HALLELUJAH â™ª

1330
01:11:06,464 --> 01:11:16,757
â™ª GLORY, GLORY HALLELUJAH â™ª

1331
01:11:16,757 --> 01:11:32,807
â™ª HIS TRUTH
IS MARCHING ON â™ª

1332
01:11:36,577 --> 01:11:39,814
CAPTIONED BY THE NATIONAL
CAPTIONING INSTITUTE --www.ncicap.org--