1 00:00:25,640 --> 00:00:29,120 When America made half the steel in the world, half the steel 2 00:00:29,120 --> 00:00:31,400 in America was made here. 3 00:00:31,400 --> 00:00:37,040 Now the smokestack industries aren't even scrap yards because nobody wants the scrap. 4 00:00:37,040 --> 00:00:42,360 They're just piles of junk, heaps of jaw-breaking toffee for giants. 5 00:00:42,360 --> 00:00:45,600 The abstract, formless forms of former glory. 6 00:00:46,960 --> 00:00:51,360 You would expect a city that had lost so much to be ready for the scrapheap itself. 7 00:00:51,360 --> 00:00:53,520 But this is Chicago. 8 00:01:10,760 --> 00:01:14,480 The world's most famous unknown city looks even taller than it should 9 00:01:14,480 --> 00:01:16,760 because the surroundings are so flat. 10 00:01:16,760 --> 00:01:20,840 The lake is flat and goes right on out of sight like an inland sea. 11 00:01:20,840 --> 00:01:25,360 The land is flat north into Canada, south into the deep middle west, 12 00:01:25,360 --> 00:01:27,760 and west, all the way to the Rockies. 13 00:01:32,160 --> 00:01:35,920 Launched from this infinity of flatness, the buildings look taller 14 00:01:35,920 --> 00:01:38,160 than anywhere else in the world and some of them 15 00:01:38,160 --> 00:01:40,240 are the tallest in the world anyway. 16 00:01:40,240 --> 00:01:43,480 Chicago was where skyscrapers were invented and they still look 17 00:01:43,480 --> 00:01:45,160 better here than anywhere else. 18 00:01:45,160 --> 00:01:46,760 With nothing to hem them in, 19 00:01:46,760 --> 00:01:49,680 they don't look as if they went up because they couldn't spread out. 20 00:01:49,680 --> 00:01:52,520 They look as if they went up because they felt like it. 21 00:02:00,240 --> 00:02:03,840 Hardly anybody who doesn't live in Chicago knows what it's got. 22 00:02:03,840 --> 00:02:05,320 Certainly I didn't. 23 00:02:07,640 --> 00:02:11,560 I knew about the elevated railway and the famous downtown loop it runs 24 00:02:11,560 --> 00:02:14,880 around, but I didn't know that the stuttering contraption 25 00:02:14,880 --> 00:02:18,800 rattled through a business district so new, so clear, 26 00:02:18,800 --> 00:02:21,680 so classy, so glassy. 27 00:02:28,680 --> 00:02:31,720 The old Chicago burned down in 1870. 28 00:02:31,720 --> 00:02:35,400 It wasn't very old to start with, and there wasn't much of it then. 29 00:02:35,400 --> 00:02:39,000 So really the whole place, history included, has been around 30 00:02:39,000 --> 00:02:42,000 for not much more than a century. 31 00:02:42,000 --> 00:02:44,760 The visitor can be forgiven for assuming that the few things 32 00:02:44,760 --> 00:02:47,120 he has heard about were all that ever happened. 33 00:02:47,120 --> 00:02:51,480 Trains in the sky, stockyards and steel mills, Italian gangsters 34 00:02:51,480 --> 00:02:53,120 and Irish politicians. 35 00:02:53,120 --> 00:02:56,480 The first sustained nuclear chain reaction and the last gasp 36 00:02:56,480 --> 00:03:00,280 of youthful innocence when Mayor Daley's police hit flower power 37 00:03:00,280 --> 00:03:04,640 on the head at the Democratic Convention in 1968. 38 00:03:04,640 --> 00:03:08,240 When Al Capone was running Chicago, he had people killed. 39 00:03:08,240 --> 00:03:11,800 When Mayor Daley was running Chicago, he didn't need to. 40 00:03:11,800 --> 00:03:15,200 Corruption was king, or so the story went. 41 00:03:15,200 --> 00:03:18,960 So, how did that sleazy Chicago turn into this sleek one? 42 00:03:18,960 --> 00:03:23,240 With stunning new buildings going up between stunning new buildings, 43 00:03:23,240 --> 00:03:26,800 as if the city were racing itself skywards. 44 00:03:26,800 --> 00:03:29,960 Chicago has the tallest building in the world, but like Everest, 45 00:03:29,960 --> 00:03:35,080 it doesn't stand out because the buildings around it are tall too. 46 00:03:35,080 --> 00:03:38,360 Chicago is the architect's adventure playground. 47 00:03:38,360 --> 00:03:41,520 The skyscrapers have become cloud punchers. 48 00:03:41,520 --> 00:03:44,640 They draw down the stratosphere like syringes. 49 00:03:44,640 --> 00:03:48,080 Some of them look ready to take off like crystal spaceships 50 00:03:48,080 --> 00:03:50,400 with a cargo of conditioned air. 51 00:03:51,720 --> 00:03:54,160 Even the one new building that just sits there 52 00:03:54,160 --> 00:03:58,400 looks like a lost Martian flying saucer that has run out of fuel. 53 00:03:58,400 --> 00:04:02,480 It's the Illinois Center, which, although it doesn't look like a skyscraper, 54 00:04:02,480 --> 00:04:07,320 actually is a skyscraper taken to a new evolutionary stage. 55 00:04:07,320 --> 00:04:10,800 A lattice bubble in which the visitor wanders bewildered, 56 00:04:10,800 --> 00:04:12,600 vainly looking for the building. 57 00:04:16,640 --> 00:04:22,480 The original idea of the skyscraper was that the steel frame would take the load and leave the curtain walls 58 00:04:22,480 --> 00:04:25,840 free to do nothing except keep out the weather. 59 00:04:25,840 --> 00:04:29,440 In the Illinois Center, the steel frame has become the curtain walls 60 00:04:29,440 --> 00:04:32,200 and there is almost nothing inside except space. 61 00:04:35,040 --> 00:04:40,560 In its first summer, the building's workforce was microwaved when the air conditioning didn't work, 62 00:04:40,560 --> 00:04:44,040 but there was only one suicide from the top of the atrium. 63 00:04:44,040 --> 00:04:46,720 Though he hit the bull's-eye with tactful accuracy, 64 00:04:46,720 --> 00:04:52,360 he failed to set a trend because despair just doesn't fit the mood of downtown Chicago. 65 00:04:56,920 --> 00:04:59,360 The tall buildings might look like science fiction, 66 00:04:59,360 --> 00:05:01,480 but the people aren't robots. 67 00:05:01,480 --> 00:05:04,680 At ground level, the city is on the human scale. 68 00:05:04,680 --> 00:05:07,880 Spick and span like Disneyland, it makes you think twice 69 00:05:07,880 --> 00:05:12,480 about the standard idea of private affluence and public squalor. 70 00:05:12,480 --> 00:05:14,920 It's got streets you could eat your dinner off. 71 00:05:14,920 --> 00:05:19,120 May I try the grapes? Sure, how do you like them... 72 00:05:19,120 --> 00:05:21,760 MAN ON LOUD-HAILER: Be righteous. 73 00:05:21,760 --> 00:05:23,840 Everybody ought to want to be righteous... 74 00:05:23,840 --> 00:05:26,600 There was a man announcing the end of civilisation, 75 00:05:26,600 --> 00:05:30,120 but I couldn't believe he'd pick the right spot for it to happen. 76 00:05:31,400 --> 00:05:33,720 MAN CONTINUES MUSIC PLAYS 77 00:05:33,720 --> 00:05:35,320 MAN SINGS 78 00:05:38,280 --> 00:05:42,040 If this was urban anguish, it looked like subsidised theatre. 79 00:05:42,040 --> 00:05:43,760 HE BEATBOXES 80 00:05:45,080 --> 00:05:48,440 If these were the poor, they looked prosperous. 81 00:05:48,440 --> 00:05:50,040 Where does the money come from? 82 00:05:51,200 --> 00:05:52,680 It comes from money. 83 00:05:56,960 --> 00:05:59,880 Chicago used to get rich from making things. 84 00:05:59,880 --> 00:06:02,400 Now, it gets richer by making deals. 85 00:06:02,400 --> 00:06:05,400 The Board of Trade is where the real action is now. 86 00:06:10,000 --> 00:06:13,560 The big money isn't in livestock, it's in stocks and shares. 87 00:06:13,560 --> 00:06:16,600 All the grain and gold that will never come to Chicago, 88 00:06:16,600 --> 00:06:20,400 that will change hands far away on the basis of agreements reached here. 89 00:06:22,960 --> 00:06:27,160 As a trading floor, Chicago is up there with London and Tokyo. 90 00:06:27,160 --> 00:06:31,040 The world's stock market crisis of October 1987 must have looked 91 00:06:31,040 --> 00:06:34,760 like a riot here because this was just a quiet working day. 92 00:06:36,320 --> 00:06:40,920 How the working day works, however, is impossible to figure out without a guide. 93 00:06:40,920 --> 00:06:43,520 Tom Shouf made things less obscure. 94 00:06:45,360 --> 00:06:48,720 So what happens? The order comes in and then you trade in here, right? 95 00:06:48,720 --> 00:06:51,840 This is a price-seeking function. Oh, a price-seeking function? 96 00:06:51,840 --> 00:06:55,880 A price-seeking function - an order may come in to buy 100,000 or a million. 97 00:06:55,880 --> 00:06:59,160 An order could come in to sell 100,000 or a million bushels. 98 00:06:59,160 --> 00:07:04,800 And the price is established by open outcry. 99 00:07:04,800 --> 00:07:07,360 Open outcry - it sounds like it! 100 00:07:07,360 --> 00:07:08,640 We have... TOM CHUCKLES 101 00:07:08,640 --> 00:07:11,240 We have many people bidding, many people offering. 102 00:07:11,240 --> 00:07:12,960 You'll notice that we use our hands. 103 00:07:12,960 --> 00:07:16,200 If I want to sell something, I turn my palms out. 104 00:07:16,200 --> 00:07:19,240 All right. If I want to buy something, I'd turn my palms in. 105 00:07:19,240 --> 00:07:21,120 Right - selling, buying. 106 00:07:24,040 --> 00:07:26,640 The deal having been struck by open outcry, 107 00:07:26,640 --> 00:07:29,160 I was not surprised to see it written down. 108 00:07:29,160 --> 00:07:32,440 I was surprised to see it thrown away. 109 00:07:32,440 --> 00:07:37,000 The order is generally dropped on the steps of the pit, believe it or not. 110 00:07:37,000 --> 00:07:40,000 And our runners will go around and look, as you can see over here, 111 00:07:40,000 --> 00:07:42,440 there are orders laying there that have been executed. 112 00:07:42,440 --> 00:07:43,680 I'll show you one. 113 00:07:49,240 --> 00:07:50,800 This is an order here. 114 00:07:50,800 --> 00:07:55,080 It's a spread order - buying 10 November, selling 10 January beans. 115 00:07:55,080 --> 00:07:56,520 This is the price. 116 00:07:56,520 --> 00:07:59,160 This is who the other side of the trade was made with. 117 00:07:59,160 --> 00:08:01,880 Again, that's the price and that's the executing broker. 118 00:08:01,880 --> 00:08:03,760 Now, this order will be left there. 119 00:08:03,760 --> 00:08:06,400 And a runner from this clearing house, which happens to be Refco, 120 00:08:06,400 --> 00:08:09,760 will come around, pick up the order, take it back to the phone, 121 00:08:09,760 --> 00:08:12,080 call the customer, give him the endorsement, 122 00:08:12,080 --> 00:08:15,640 and then this is punched up on a computer. 123 00:08:15,640 --> 00:08:18,360 What happens if it gets cleared away with the rubbish? 124 00:08:21,000 --> 00:08:22,680 That's called an error! 125 00:08:25,960 --> 00:08:28,040 What's the most you've ever lost in a day? 126 00:08:31,800 --> 00:08:34,640 Close to several million dollars. Really? Yes. 127 00:08:34,640 --> 00:08:36,840 It's a privilege to be standing next to you! 128 00:08:38,760 --> 00:08:40,480 In fact, I later learned, 129 00:08:40,480 --> 00:08:43,480 a lot of the people I was looking at were multi-millionaires. 130 00:08:43,480 --> 00:08:45,440 They didn't really need to be down here. 131 00:08:45,440 --> 00:08:49,080 They could have sent someone else, but they were enjoying themselves. 132 00:08:49,080 --> 00:08:53,680 And that's what makes Chicago hard to beat - in this field, as in many others. 133 00:08:55,960 --> 00:08:57,480 JAZZ MUSIC PLAYS 134 00:09:00,360 --> 00:09:04,200 After winning or losing a few billion dollars in open outcry, 135 00:09:04,200 --> 00:09:09,720 the wheeler dealers repair to Andy's and listened to mainstream jazz while they blend undetectably 136 00:09:09,720 --> 00:09:13,040 among ordinary citizens who scarcely have 1 million each. 137 00:09:13,040 --> 00:09:16,560 A clear instance of Chicago's democratic spirit. 138 00:09:26,400 --> 00:09:28,120 New money shines. 139 00:09:28,120 --> 00:09:30,640 The old money stank. 140 00:09:30,640 --> 00:09:34,280 The smell of how it got made still lingers in the stockyards. 141 00:09:34,280 --> 00:09:38,000 Empty now, they haven't had time to fall down. 142 00:09:38,000 --> 00:09:40,560 Within living memory, they were a scandal. 143 00:09:40,560 --> 00:09:42,440 Killing was killing work. 144 00:09:42,440 --> 00:09:44,800 But at least the human beings were allowed to go home 145 00:09:44,800 --> 00:09:46,240 at the end of the day. 146 00:09:48,640 --> 00:09:51,440 The animals came in by train, ran up the ramp, 147 00:09:51,440 --> 00:09:55,480 got hit between the eyes, slung on hooks, cut up, packed, 148 00:09:55,480 --> 00:09:58,440 and went out again on a train going the other way. 149 00:09:58,440 --> 00:10:00,240 Later on they went by truck, 150 00:10:00,240 --> 00:10:03,360 and eventually the refrigerated truck changed everything. 151 00:10:04,440 --> 00:10:08,280 Slaughtering got done locally and the Chicago meat packing business 152 00:10:08,280 --> 00:10:10,960 shrank to a lean version of its former self. 153 00:10:13,200 --> 00:10:15,560 Lean, mean, and clean. 154 00:10:20,200 --> 00:10:23,360 It's still cattle that get cut up, but otherwise the only thing 155 00:10:23,360 --> 00:10:27,240 that hasn't changed is the foreignness of the workers. 156 00:10:27,240 --> 00:10:31,800 This is still the way into America for immigrants who don't speak English. 157 00:10:31,800 --> 00:10:35,080 This is where the American dream is at its most intense 158 00:10:35,080 --> 00:10:39,320 because the dreaming is done in a foreign language. 159 00:10:39,320 --> 00:10:42,400 At the moment, most of the meat-packers are Poles 160 00:10:42,400 --> 00:10:45,240 who checked out of their home country after they got sick of queuing 161 00:10:45,240 --> 00:10:48,400 all day for the kind of scraps that get thrown in a bin here 162 00:10:48,400 --> 00:10:50,080 to be fed to the pigs. 163 00:10:51,120 --> 00:10:55,280 Karl Marx got it all wrong about alienation in capitalist society. 164 00:10:55,280 --> 00:10:58,800 These downtrodden workers are so closely identified with their work 165 00:10:58,800 --> 00:11:00,320 that they can almost taste it. 166 00:11:01,760 --> 00:11:04,920 I had to admit, though, that one young man's job looked short 167 00:11:04,920 --> 00:11:08,200 on laughs even if it was long on protein. 168 00:11:08,200 --> 00:11:11,400 He must have replaced a machine that broke down from boredom. 169 00:11:14,440 --> 00:11:17,800 Having been transformed into hamburgers, the meat embarks 170 00:11:17,800 --> 00:11:21,600 on the next stage of its journey at a chain of fast food restaurants 171 00:11:21,600 --> 00:11:23,800 which work on the theme park principle. 172 00:11:23,800 --> 00:11:26,440 Hi, there! Nice tie! 173 00:11:36,520 --> 00:11:38,800 This is a Chicago innovation. 174 00:11:38,800 --> 00:11:41,720 Instead of eating first and going to the theatre afterwards, 175 00:11:41,720 --> 00:11:46,280 the actual eating is transformed into a theatrical event. 176 00:11:46,280 --> 00:11:50,040 At Ed Debevic's, waiters and waitresses are professional actors 177 00:11:50,040 --> 00:11:53,600 who dedicate themselves in the evenings to the kind of fringe theatre groups 178 00:11:53,600 --> 00:11:56,400 whose audience can fit into one taxi. 179 00:11:56,400 --> 00:12:03,040 In the daytime, they earn a crust serving the customers hamburgers, French fries and prepared insults. 180 00:12:03,040 --> 00:12:05,000 You ready to order or what? 181 00:12:05,000 --> 00:12:07,120 Well, I've got an idea. Yeah? 182 00:12:07,120 --> 00:12:09,840 Do you have a chilli hamburger or...? Yeah. 183 00:12:09,840 --> 00:12:12,040 A hamburger with a chilli on it? Uh-huh, you want that? 184 00:12:12,040 --> 00:12:14,040 Yeah. How do you like your burger done? 185 00:12:14,040 --> 00:12:16,120 Erm, medium. 186 00:12:16,120 --> 00:12:18,960 Onions? No onions. 187 00:12:18,960 --> 00:12:22,480 You got big plans later? Exactly. Yeah, big plans... 188 00:12:22,480 --> 00:12:25,040 I'll eat them if you've been eating them too. 189 00:12:25,040 --> 00:12:28,800 You want fries? Yeah, if you mean chips... 190 00:12:28,800 --> 00:12:30,320 Can you have gravy on the fries? 191 00:12:30,320 --> 00:12:32,520 You want wets? Wet? Wet. 192 00:12:32,520 --> 00:12:34,240 Does that mean gravy on the fries? Uh-huh. 193 00:12:34,240 --> 00:12:38,720 Soaked in the techniques of method acting and high on the hopes of a Hollywood break, 194 00:12:38,720 --> 00:12:42,200 the staff work to standard scripts around which they improvise 195 00:12:42,200 --> 00:12:45,200 so that if the customer turns out to be an own-up baldy, 196 00:12:45,200 --> 00:12:48,120 they will not waste any cute lines about wigs. 197 00:12:48,120 --> 00:12:50,200 All right, Curly. 198 00:12:50,200 --> 00:12:53,120 Green River float, there you go. 199 00:12:53,120 --> 00:12:55,600 Right, are you going to stare at it or are you going to drink it? 200 00:12:55,600 --> 00:12:58,160 All right, I'm not ready for it yet. What does it do?! 201 00:12:58,160 --> 00:13:01,280 Each waiter and waitress act out a separate character, 202 00:13:01,280 --> 00:13:05,040 enabling the customer to be verbally roughed up in the manner of his choice. 203 00:13:05,040 --> 00:13:08,080 OK, uh... Wet. 204 00:13:08,080 --> 00:13:09,440 Velveeta bacon burger. 205 00:13:09,440 --> 00:13:11,880 That was Dave. Dave, there you go. 206 00:13:11,880 --> 00:13:15,720 Dave, and barbecued chicken, grilled onions, chilli burger. 207 00:13:15,720 --> 00:13:17,760 Yeah, for Curly. 208 00:13:17,760 --> 00:13:20,360 A Bette Midler-type brings you a cheeseburger, 209 00:13:20,360 --> 00:13:23,840 and a Walter Matthau-type sneers when you ask for the sauce. 210 00:13:23,840 --> 00:13:28,640 Stick around long enough and you'll get a lap full of hot refried beans from Marlon Brando. 211 00:13:28,640 --> 00:13:30,720 Cover that bald spot, big guy. 212 00:13:30,720 --> 00:13:32,400 It's gonna have to be a big hat! 213 00:13:32,400 --> 00:13:35,360 Like all performers, I constantly have my eye out 214 00:13:35,360 --> 00:13:37,960 for alternative employment in case of need. 215 00:13:37,960 --> 00:13:43,000 But I'm not sure I would have the lightning reflexes necessary to work between the tables at Ed's. 216 00:13:43,000 --> 00:13:45,520 I would dry while serving the wet. 217 00:13:45,520 --> 00:13:49,240 We don't want to ruin that rented suit. A rented suit! 218 00:13:49,240 --> 00:13:50,280 You're right... 219 00:13:50,280 --> 00:13:53,000 My waitress revealed that in real life she was the director 220 00:13:53,000 --> 00:13:55,520 of a well-known erotic theatre company. 221 00:13:55,520 --> 00:13:57,800 I wasn't actively seeking this information, 222 00:13:57,800 --> 00:14:00,120 but she supplied it anyway. 223 00:14:00,120 --> 00:14:02,760 Americans are upfront to start off with, 224 00:14:02,760 --> 00:14:05,960 but in Chicago they're so upfront, they're out THERE. 225 00:14:05,960 --> 00:14:07,560 A few more meals like this, 226 00:14:07,560 --> 00:14:10,480 and I'd be even further out there than I was already. 227 00:14:13,800 --> 00:14:18,360 In Chicago, it's not a new thing for a service industry to turn into an art form. 228 00:14:18,360 --> 00:14:23,000 In 1879, the first Marshall Field built a beautiful department store 229 00:14:23,000 --> 00:14:26,200 and it built him one of the biggest of the old family fortunes 230 00:14:26,200 --> 00:14:31,080 that used to run Chicago, and still help to enrich its artistic life. 231 00:14:31,080 --> 00:14:34,320 The old families endowed all the museums and the galleries, 232 00:14:34,320 --> 00:14:37,920 and if the tax advantages never hurt, there was a real urge 233 00:14:37,920 --> 00:14:41,280 to beautify the city, which is probably why the present store looks 234 00:14:41,280 --> 00:14:44,000 like a corridor in The Vatican. 235 00:14:44,000 --> 00:14:47,040 There were four Marshall Field's before the current one. 236 00:14:47,040 --> 00:14:50,520 Marshall Field V was educated expensively in the east, 237 00:14:50,520 --> 00:14:52,200 and for a while he stayed there. 238 00:14:52,200 --> 00:14:54,280 But Chicago brought him back. 239 00:14:54,280 --> 00:14:56,720 And now he's happy to call Chicago home. 240 00:14:56,720 --> 00:15:00,520 Although that doesn't mean he's uncritically happy about Chicago. 241 00:15:00,520 --> 00:15:02,640 What happened to Chicago's first families? 242 00:15:02,640 --> 00:15:05,200 Do they still run things in this town? No, no more. 243 00:15:05,200 --> 00:15:09,240 There are a few, but most of the first families of the old days 244 00:15:09,240 --> 00:15:11,720 have dissipated and gone away. 245 00:15:11,720 --> 00:15:14,640 And I say that... 246 00:15:16,000 --> 00:15:20,200 It's really new families that have come in and leaders 247 00:15:20,200 --> 00:15:23,160 of major corporations who are the big names now. 248 00:15:23,160 --> 00:15:25,480 But in the old days, it was an oligarchy. 249 00:15:25,480 --> 00:15:29,280 Yeah, you could call up half a dozen people in town and do 250 00:15:29,280 --> 00:15:30,920 whatever you wanted in the old days. 251 00:15:30,920 --> 00:15:34,000 And that's not true, obviously, any more. 252 00:15:34,000 --> 00:15:35,480 Who runs Chicago now? 253 00:15:35,480 --> 00:15:38,320 I think one of the great tragedies just with Chicago today 254 00:15:38,320 --> 00:15:41,320 is that nobody's running it. 255 00:15:41,320 --> 00:15:45,960 There isn't even a group of groups, if you will, who've gotten together. 256 00:15:45,960 --> 00:15:49,560 Everybody's so busy fighting between themselves. 257 00:15:49,560 --> 00:15:52,800 But in my judgment, Chicago simply isn't being run. 258 00:15:52,800 --> 00:15:56,280 I think in this country, we really have to be hit in the face 259 00:15:56,280 --> 00:15:58,320 with a board before we do anything. 260 00:15:58,320 --> 00:16:03,240 And I think Chicago has to lose more jobs and get in worse shape 261 00:16:03,240 --> 00:16:06,280 before the black community and the white community 262 00:16:06,280 --> 00:16:08,880 and the powers that are and aren't are really going to be willing 263 00:16:08,880 --> 00:16:11,480 to talk and each give up something to work together. 264 00:16:11,480 --> 00:16:13,160 I don't think we're there yet. 265 00:16:13,160 --> 00:16:14,640 Let's talk about race as an issue. 266 00:16:14,640 --> 00:16:16,560 Is it alive now? 267 00:16:16,560 --> 00:16:21,600 Yes. I consider it, maybe the number one issue still in Chicago 268 00:16:21,600 --> 00:16:26,600 and Chicago's always been a city of ethnic groups. 269 00:16:26,600 --> 00:16:32,720 But where there used to be 15 ethnic groups that all had a little say, 270 00:16:32,720 --> 00:16:35,680 now ther are really three major groups. 271 00:16:35,680 --> 00:16:37,960 The whites, the blacks, and the Latino groups. 272 00:16:37,960 --> 00:16:39,000 And... 273 00:16:40,200 --> 00:16:45,320 ..so that they are all a lot louder and the agendas may be quite different. 274 00:16:45,320 --> 00:16:50,400 And I think until we get through a period of all of us trying 275 00:16:50,400 --> 00:16:54,760 to carry out just our agenda, we got to keep... 276 00:16:54,760 --> 00:16:57,840 Race will continue to be an issue. I don't think I am... 277 00:16:57,840 --> 00:17:00,920 To me, it isn't race - it's economics, but it's easier to yell race. 278 00:17:00,920 --> 00:17:02,640 So, that's what we're all doing. 279 00:17:02,640 --> 00:17:06,560 When you say things have to get worse before they get better, what do you envisage, riots? 280 00:17:06,560 --> 00:17:10,840 No, I think that the economy will get worse in this city 281 00:17:10,840 --> 00:17:16,240 and that the few jobs for less skilled people 282 00:17:16,240 --> 00:17:19,160 that are left will begin to shrink even more. 283 00:17:19,160 --> 00:17:24,520 And that will hurt the whole city, 284 00:17:24,520 --> 00:17:27,480 because then the few companies that are left will have to pick up more 285 00:17:27,480 --> 00:17:29,040 and more of the tab. 286 00:17:29,040 --> 00:17:32,640 And I think when it really gets to be a strain, people sit down, say, 287 00:17:32,640 --> 00:17:35,640 "Oh, my God, what can we do about this?" 288 00:17:35,640 --> 00:17:38,040 We're not quite there yet, it's not tough enough yet. 289 00:17:38,040 --> 00:17:40,600 So, what's going to be the stockyard of the future for Chicago? 290 00:17:40,600 --> 00:17:41,800 I don't have an answer. 291 00:17:41,800 --> 00:17:48,480 I mean, the one thing we have is a large labour pool. 292 00:17:48,480 --> 00:17:50,880 A lot of whom are unskilled. 293 00:17:50,880 --> 00:17:54,760 And I really think the critical question for this country 294 00:17:54,760 --> 00:17:58,400 in metropolitan areas is what are we going to do 295 00:17:58,400 --> 00:18:01,080 with a large pool of unskilled people? 296 00:18:01,080 --> 00:18:03,360 I don't think it's that difficult if you think about it. 297 00:18:03,360 --> 00:18:06,840 My favourite example is if the city simply mandated that any building 298 00:18:06,840 --> 00:18:09,440 over five floors had to have an operator in the elevator, 299 00:18:09,440 --> 00:18:11,720 you could create 50,000 jobs overnight. 300 00:18:11,720 --> 00:18:15,640 And so it isn't impossible if we want to do it, 301 00:18:15,640 --> 00:18:17,680 and it isn't that expensive to do. 302 00:18:17,680 --> 00:18:19,720 Putting somebody on welfare is pretty expensive 303 00:18:19,720 --> 00:18:24,040 because you've got to pay that person and the person who keeps tab of how you pay him. 304 00:18:24,040 --> 00:18:29,240 And I have real problems with an endless growth in welfare rolls, 305 00:18:29,240 --> 00:18:31,840 not only for that, but for the humanistic side of what it does 306 00:18:31,840 --> 00:18:35,920 to people's pride and destroying families and blah, blah, blah. 307 00:18:35,920 --> 00:18:38,960 At the very least, it guarantees we'll have a major drug industry 308 00:18:38,960 --> 00:18:42,880 in this country for the next 25 years no matter what we do. 309 00:18:42,880 --> 00:18:47,320 Ladies and gentlemen, please welcome from West Memphis, Arkansas, 310 00:18:47,320 --> 00:18:50,800 Mr Junior Wells! 311 00:18:50,800 --> 00:18:52,160 BLUES ROCK PLAYS 312 00:19:03,200 --> 00:19:05,200 # Woo 313 00:19:05,200 --> 00:19:07,040 # Come on 314 00:19:07,040 --> 00:19:08,360 # Yeah 315 00:19:12,600 --> 00:19:14,480 # Love 316 00:19:14,480 --> 00:19:16,960 # Baby that's the way I feel 317 00:19:20,080 --> 00:19:22,200 # Love 318 00:19:22,200 --> 00:19:24,680 # Baby that's the way I feel 319 00:19:24,680 --> 00:19:25,800 # Say what 320 00:19:27,880 --> 00:19:32,000 # Love 321 00:19:32,000 --> 00:19:33,360 # Wait a minute, listen 322 00:19:35,000 --> 00:19:38,760 # Started tailing you last night baby in my car... # 323 00:19:38,760 --> 00:19:42,320 Jazz came up the river from New Orleans with the shining trumpets 324 00:19:42,320 --> 00:19:44,560 of King Oliver and Louis Armstrong. 325 00:19:44,560 --> 00:19:46,640 They didn't stay in Chicago. 326 00:19:46,640 --> 00:19:50,520 The blues did - as the music of urban deprivation. 327 00:19:50,520 --> 00:19:53,000 But it's easy to forget that when you hear them pumping 328 00:19:53,000 --> 00:19:54,640 the stuff out in the clubs. 329 00:19:56,400 --> 00:19:57,920 Give me something, whoo! 330 00:20:00,400 --> 00:20:04,320 The music works like strong drink, and so does the strong drink. 331 00:20:12,640 --> 00:20:16,520 But next day's hangover soon melts in the brilliant open air. 332 00:20:17,920 --> 00:20:21,480 The fountain is Chicago's pride, although they keep quiet 333 00:20:21,480 --> 00:20:26,480 about the fact that it's controlled by a computer in Atlanta, Georgia. 334 00:20:26,480 --> 00:20:29,120 The whole city is on the water wagon. 335 00:20:29,120 --> 00:20:33,960 As well as the lake, there's the Chicago River flowing right through the middle of town. 336 00:20:36,480 --> 00:20:39,520 The river makes a handy thoroughfare for the well-heeled 337 00:20:39,520 --> 00:20:42,920 who can park there runabouts in front of midtown apartment blocks 338 00:20:42,920 --> 00:20:44,600 with names like Marina City. 339 00:20:45,680 --> 00:20:49,160 The river used to flow into the lake bringing pollution. 340 00:20:49,160 --> 00:20:52,520 So, the city fathers rejigged it to flow in the other direction, 341 00:20:52,520 --> 00:20:55,320 sending the pollution to somebody else. 342 00:20:55,320 --> 00:20:57,040 They were men of decision. 343 00:20:59,320 --> 00:21:02,400 The wives of the men of decision hang out at Cricket's 344 00:21:02,400 --> 00:21:04,720 where they have a regular lunch club. 345 00:21:04,720 --> 00:21:10,280 Weighed down by the responsibilities of either possessing or being married to many millions of dollars, 346 00:21:10,280 --> 00:21:12,880 they gather to dig the dirt in a time-honoured manner, 347 00:21:12,880 --> 00:21:17,280 which is by now dishonoured in almost any other city in the Western world. 348 00:21:17,280 --> 00:21:20,320 But feminism isn't very much in favour here yet. 349 00:21:20,320 --> 00:21:23,640 While the men make the money, the women get together and decide 350 00:21:23,640 --> 00:21:27,000 how it should be either spent or given away. 351 00:21:27,000 --> 00:21:31,280 The hairstyles, the couture clothes, and the solid gold personal adornments 352 00:21:31,280 --> 00:21:33,920 were therefore merely a surface distraction. 353 00:21:33,920 --> 00:21:36,480 I was being let in on a planning conference. 354 00:21:36,480 --> 00:21:39,680 Then, we get to find out if we don't see each other all the time what one's doing, 355 00:21:39,680 --> 00:21:43,560 what charity event somebody else is doing, what you're involved in. We criticise each other... 356 00:21:43,560 --> 00:21:46,080 We don't discuss charity events. We discuss sex, and life... 357 00:21:46,080 --> 00:21:49,480 We discuss sex and other people - we don't discuss charity! 358 00:21:49,480 --> 00:21:52,160 We discuss who's ripping off the other charities. 359 00:21:52,160 --> 00:21:55,960 The ladies go down to the river to wash the sheets 360 00:21:55,960 --> 00:22:00,280 on the rocks 300 years ago, and they talk to one another - about sex... 361 00:22:00,280 --> 00:22:02,720 They already decided that it would break my nails. 362 00:22:02,720 --> 00:22:04,600 Now, we're talking about rocks. 363 00:22:04,600 --> 00:22:08,120 That's what you're really doing here - is you're beating the laundry against the rock? 364 00:22:08,120 --> 00:22:10,720 Well, we're not doing it. It's being done somewhere else. 365 00:22:10,720 --> 00:22:14,720 It's the concept that women... I've never done a load of laundry. ..whether they loved each other, 366 00:22:14,720 --> 00:22:16,160 liked each other, knew each other. 367 00:22:16,160 --> 00:22:19,680 And if they're living in the same community, women traditionally... Did laundry? 368 00:22:19,680 --> 00:22:22,440 No, get together. Is it a man's town? 369 00:22:22,440 --> 00:22:24,200 Yes. Absolutely. 370 00:22:24,200 --> 00:22:26,120 It is a city of power. 371 00:22:26,120 --> 00:22:30,760 And I think it's a powerful city that works because men make it work. 372 00:22:30,760 --> 00:22:32,280 You ask if it's a man's city. 373 00:22:32,280 --> 00:22:34,560 Indeed it is a man's city. 374 00:22:34,560 --> 00:22:35,880 But you don't mind? 375 00:22:35,880 --> 00:22:37,240 I love it. 376 00:22:37,240 --> 00:22:38,440 Look where we're dining. 377 00:22:38,440 --> 00:22:40,040 We're around leather banquettes. 378 00:22:40,040 --> 00:22:42,040 This looks like a man's club, doesn't it? 379 00:22:42,040 --> 00:22:44,080 Doesn't it look like an English man's club? 380 00:22:44,080 --> 00:22:49,120 It didn't look like any English men's club that I'd ever been in, but it certainly smelled nicer. 381 00:22:49,120 --> 00:22:53,240 I was breathing oxygen, nitrogen, and Chanel No 5. 382 00:22:53,240 --> 00:22:54,960 Tell me about husbands. 383 00:22:54,960 --> 00:22:57,760 How many have you had altogether? 384 00:22:57,760 --> 00:23:01,520 Can I guess? One, two, three, four, five... Does anybody have one of those little computers? 385 00:23:01,520 --> 00:23:04,160 Oh, well, Bonnie's here. 386 00:23:04,160 --> 00:23:07,000 That'll certainly up it! WOMAN LAUGHS 387 00:23:07,000 --> 00:23:09,560 16. Sugar... 388 00:23:09,560 --> 00:23:12,040 And Americans have marriages instead of love affairs. 389 00:23:12,040 --> 00:23:14,360 How many have you had? Three. 390 00:23:14,360 --> 00:23:16,480 That's not so bad... 391 00:23:16,480 --> 00:23:17,960 12. 392 00:23:17,960 --> 00:23:19,440 Well, that's not a lot. No. 393 00:23:19,440 --> 00:23:21,520 Eight women, 12 husbands? 394 00:23:21,520 --> 00:23:23,920 That's below the national average. I think so... 395 00:23:23,920 --> 00:23:26,680 Actually, the girls were juggling the statistics. 396 00:23:26,680 --> 00:23:30,400 They left out the poor husbands and only counted the rich ones. 397 00:23:30,400 --> 00:23:32,800 It was a price-seeking function. 398 00:23:34,520 --> 00:23:37,640 I enjoyed the champagne, but couldn't dispel the suspicion 399 00:23:37,640 --> 00:23:41,240 that the well-groomed ladies pouring it down my throat were not a fully 400 00:23:41,240 --> 00:23:44,160 representative sample of the population of Chicago. 401 00:23:46,320 --> 00:23:47,600 ORGAN MUSIC PLAYS 402 00:23:49,480 --> 00:23:53,080 A more typical cross section can be found on a weekday afternoon 403 00:23:53,080 --> 00:23:55,720 at Wrigley Field, home of the Cubs, 404 00:23:55,720 --> 00:23:59,120 one of Chicago's two Major League Baseball teams. 405 00:24:02,240 --> 00:24:05,960 Wrigley Field is a small, friendly park that a lucky hitter can sock 406 00:24:05,960 --> 00:24:09,240 the ball clean out of when the wind is in the right direction. 407 00:24:09,240 --> 00:24:11,480 When it is, and the sun is out, 408 00:24:11,480 --> 00:24:14,520 and the Cubs are doing well in the league, or even badly, 409 00:24:14,520 --> 00:24:18,280 a large sample of the Chicago workforce makes lying phone calls 410 00:24:18,280 --> 00:24:21,760 to the office and the factory and turns up here hoping 411 00:24:21,760 --> 00:24:24,200 that the boss won't be goofing off, too. 412 00:24:24,200 --> 00:24:27,840 He probably will be, but he'll be in the stand and not the bleachers, 413 00:24:27,840 --> 00:24:31,160 where wittily-howling plebeians join in open outcry 414 00:24:31,160 --> 00:24:35,840 to make life miserable for the opposing outfielders. 415 00:24:35,840 --> 00:24:37,880 Here we go, Cubbies, here we go... 416 00:24:37,880 --> 00:24:41,400 The people of Chicago are so keen on sport that they don't see 417 00:24:41,400 --> 00:24:43,640 why their team should ever lose. 418 00:24:43,640 --> 00:24:46,680 Their football team, the Bears, usually doesn't. 419 00:24:46,680 --> 00:24:49,400 Mainly because it is full of specially-designed men 420 00:24:49,400 --> 00:24:53,040 with nicknames like The Refrigerator or The Armoured Personnel Carrier. 421 00:24:53,040 --> 00:24:55,160 How many did they get home then? 422 00:24:55,160 --> 00:24:58,720 The Cubs, however, disturbingly persist in being only human. 423 00:24:58,720 --> 00:25:00,840 Their performance is variable. 424 00:25:00,840 --> 00:25:03,160 They trail the other team until the ninth inning, 425 00:25:03,160 --> 00:25:05,160 and then stage a dramatic recovery. 426 00:25:05,160 --> 00:25:07,800 Or they don't, which is even more dramatic. 427 00:25:07,800 --> 00:25:10,960 Whole families of fans spend the entire game anxiously biting 428 00:25:10,960 --> 00:25:12,880 pieces out of the printed programme. 429 00:25:15,000 --> 00:25:16,560 CHEERING 430 00:25:21,400 --> 00:25:23,320 What happened then? Why wasn't the guy out? 431 00:25:23,320 --> 00:25:27,520 Third baseman caught it with his bare hand and whipped it to second base, 432 00:25:27,520 --> 00:25:32,520 for a force out but he got there in time so, he's safe. 433 00:25:32,520 --> 00:25:36,520 The Cubs staged a dramatic recovery when pop fly to a loaded base 434 00:25:36,520 --> 00:25:40,160 walked a triple play line drive spitball bunt into the dugout. 435 00:25:41,920 --> 00:25:43,720 Chicago had come through. 436 00:25:43,720 --> 00:25:45,360 Everyone went home happy. 437 00:25:51,360 --> 00:25:54,000 They went home happy and they went home slowly, 438 00:25:54,000 --> 00:25:57,640 pausing to enjoy a pick-up band of improbably high standard 439 00:25:57,640 --> 00:26:00,880 for a few guys meeting on a street corner to jam for pennies. 440 00:26:09,360 --> 00:26:11,640 Where was all this music coming from? 441 00:26:11,640 --> 00:26:14,040 Seemingly from out of the ground. 442 00:26:14,040 --> 00:26:17,000 It was a constant reminder that the straight-up-and-down city 443 00:26:17,000 --> 00:26:20,920 was built on a bubbling and heaving racial and ethnic lava field. 444 00:26:23,680 --> 00:26:27,160 The blacks could be said to have arrived. 445 00:26:27,160 --> 00:26:29,640 Asian boat people are still arriving. 446 00:26:29,640 --> 00:26:31,880 Their children are star students. 447 00:26:31,880 --> 00:26:34,560 A village burns down somewhere in Southeast Asia, 448 00:26:34,560 --> 00:26:39,040 and a generation later, a Nobel Prize winner grows up here. 449 00:26:39,040 --> 00:26:44,200 And always arriving in numbers beyond counting are the Hispanics. 450 00:26:44,200 --> 00:26:49,600 At the moment, they're the third biggest population group in Chicago behind the whites and blacks. 451 00:26:49,600 --> 00:26:53,960 In the opinion of many besides themselves, they're getting the heaviest deal of the lot. 452 00:26:53,960 --> 00:26:56,240 But life would have to be much worse than it is 453 00:26:56,240 --> 00:26:59,720 before it was anything like as bad as it was where they came from. 454 00:26:59,720 --> 00:27:03,200 Working their way north until they get to where they can go no further, 455 00:27:03,200 --> 00:27:05,160 they come to Chicago. 456 00:27:05,160 --> 00:27:06,800 Where did you come from originally? 457 00:27:06,800 --> 00:27:11,840 I come from the state of Guanajuato in Mexico. 458 00:27:12,880 --> 00:27:17,760 I was born in a town that's called Salvatierra. 459 00:27:17,760 --> 00:27:23,120 And I came to the United States in 1926. 460 00:27:26,080 --> 00:27:30,480 I've been here in Chicago ever since 1929. 461 00:27:31,600 --> 00:27:35,440 Cos I first went to Omaha, Nebraska. 462 00:27:35,440 --> 00:27:39,320 Tell me about this area, is it all Spanish-speaking in this area? 463 00:27:39,320 --> 00:27:42,240 18th street... 464 00:27:42,240 --> 00:27:46,280 HE CLEARS THROAT ..about four or five blocks 465 00:27:46,280 --> 00:27:49,680 one way or the other, they're all Spanish. 466 00:27:49,680 --> 00:27:51,360 And they're all Spanish speakers. 467 00:27:51,360 --> 00:27:53,920 But where are they from mainly, Mexico? 468 00:27:53,920 --> 00:27:56,080 The majority. 469 00:27:56,080 --> 00:28:01,520 I'll say about 90% of the Spanish-speaking 470 00:28:01,520 --> 00:28:05,160 in the neighbourhood, they're all Mexican. 471 00:28:05,160 --> 00:28:07,480 Poor people or...any rich people? 472 00:28:07,480 --> 00:28:09,360 No! 473 00:28:09,360 --> 00:28:12,280 Very few rich people come this way. 474 00:28:12,280 --> 00:28:14,680 No, it's mostly... 475 00:28:16,200 --> 00:28:18,480 ..labour people. 476 00:28:18,480 --> 00:28:20,760 You know, people that come here to work 477 00:28:20,760 --> 00:28:24,760 to try and make a dollar or two and all that. 478 00:28:24,760 --> 00:28:28,080 It wasn't the most prosperous looking barbershop I'd ever seen, 479 00:28:28,080 --> 00:28:30,920 but that might have been because young Hispanic men nowadays spend 480 00:28:30,920 --> 00:28:34,320 much less time at the hairdresser than in the garage where they build 481 00:28:34,320 --> 00:28:38,840 their own cars or rerig old cars to do new tricks. 482 00:28:38,840 --> 00:28:40,880 Hey, that is really something that car. 483 00:28:40,880 --> 00:28:44,720 A car like this is called a low rider and is basically designed 484 00:28:44,720 --> 00:28:47,320 to stun the opposite sex into hopeless submission. 485 00:28:47,320 --> 00:28:49,400 It's a work of art. What's it for to get the girls? 486 00:28:49,400 --> 00:28:52,080 No, it's just to show what you got here in Chicago. 487 00:28:52,080 --> 00:28:53,280 That's about it. 488 00:28:53,280 --> 00:28:56,400 How do you control the thing to make it go up and down, where are the buttons? 489 00:28:56,400 --> 00:28:59,080 The buttons - this is the button right here. 490 00:28:59,080 --> 00:29:02,800 Just push it up, it'll go up. Push it down, it'll go down. 491 00:29:02,800 --> 00:29:07,920 Now to open doors, I have the locks over there by where the radio usually goes. 492 00:29:07,920 --> 00:29:11,320 But I don't have no radio - I have it, like, on the floor. 493 00:29:11,320 --> 00:29:13,040 Can you show me what it will do? 494 00:29:13,040 --> 00:29:15,600 Well, sure I can... Hop in. 495 00:29:29,080 --> 00:29:30,920 MUSIC ON RADIO: Uptown Girl by Billy Joel 496 00:29:37,720 --> 00:29:40,680 All that engineering skill is going to waste at the moment, 497 00:29:40,680 --> 00:29:43,520 but the armed services are bound to want it sooner or later, 498 00:29:43,520 --> 00:29:46,800 if only to turn all cruise missiles into canoes. 499 00:29:46,800 --> 00:29:51,280 After that, he'll be upwardly mobile, part of one more ethnic epic 500 00:29:51,280 --> 00:29:53,440 using Chicago as a location. 501 00:29:57,040 --> 00:30:00,120 The Irish were the first to do it because they arrived able 502 00:30:00,120 --> 00:30:04,000 to speak English, and they made Chicago their town. 503 00:30:04,000 --> 00:30:08,480 In Mayor Daley's day, practically every name on the city's payroll started with O. 504 00:30:08,480 --> 00:30:11,760 The impertinent reporter who pointed out this coincidence 505 00:30:11,760 --> 00:30:14,880 is now the star columnist of the Chicago Tribune. 506 00:30:14,880 --> 00:30:16,800 His name is Mike Royko. 507 00:30:16,800 --> 00:30:22,200 I know a police captain who came here, came to this country, 508 00:30:22,200 --> 00:30:26,840 as a young man, got off the boat in New York, took a train to Chicago, 509 00:30:26,840 --> 00:30:31,520 was met by relatives in Chicago. 510 00:30:31,520 --> 00:30:34,880 They didn't take him home - they took him directly to a police station 511 00:30:34,880 --> 00:30:40,640 where he was sworn in, given a uniform, and sent out to direct traffic at an intersection. 512 00:30:40,640 --> 00:30:42,880 I mean, his first day in this city. 513 00:30:44,800 --> 00:30:49,320 So, it was simply a matter of the language advantage. 514 00:30:49,320 --> 00:30:51,640 He had virtues, didn't he, Daley? 515 00:30:51,640 --> 00:30:56,240 Oh, yeah, yeah. He believed husbands should be faithful to their wives 516 00:30:56,240 --> 00:30:58,880 and you should go home at night to have dinner with your family 517 00:30:58,880 --> 00:31:02,560 and pay your bills on time. 518 00:31:02,560 --> 00:31:05,360 And don't swear in public. 519 00:31:07,160 --> 00:31:10,640 Open the doors for ladies. 520 00:31:10,640 --> 00:31:12,200 And, uh... 521 00:31:13,280 --> 00:31:15,520 Don't lose elections. 522 00:31:15,520 --> 00:31:17,080 So, what were the drawbacks? 523 00:31:17,080 --> 00:31:21,320 Well, he inherited a corrupt system. 524 00:31:22,320 --> 00:31:27,880 He didn't change anything unless public disclosure forced him to. 525 00:31:29,240 --> 00:31:31,600 For example, he did reform the police department. 526 00:31:31,600 --> 00:31:33,960 He took credit for reforming the police department. 527 00:31:33,960 --> 00:31:36,880 Well, that's because while he was mayor, it was discovered 528 00:31:36,880 --> 00:31:40,800 that a group of his policemen were also operating as burglars. 529 00:31:43,800 --> 00:31:47,520 They would ride around in their police cars and burglarise. 530 00:31:47,520 --> 00:31:51,120 They had a professional burglar as their accomplice, 531 00:31:51,120 --> 00:31:55,880 and they would break into businesses and steal things. 532 00:31:55,880 --> 00:31:59,480 And that was just an example of what was going on. 533 00:31:59,480 --> 00:32:03,640 We had police commanders travelling 534 00:32:03,640 --> 00:32:07,080 with mafia big shots. 535 00:32:10,440 --> 00:32:12,520 The department was totally corrupt. 536 00:32:12,520 --> 00:32:15,440 Does it feel a fundamentally different city to you now 537 00:32:15,440 --> 00:32:17,080 than it was when you were young? 538 00:32:17,080 --> 00:32:19,880 Oh, yeah, yeah. 539 00:32:19,880 --> 00:32:22,240 We've had tremendous changes in this city. 540 00:32:22,240 --> 00:32:25,880 When I was a young man working downtown, 541 00:32:25,880 --> 00:32:28,000 for example, you'd never see a black face downtown. 542 00:32:28,000 --> 00:32:30,640 Blacks knew the downtown area was off limits to them. 543 00:32:33,960 --> 00:32:37,440 And, uh, is... 544 00:32:37,440 --> 00:32:43,080 For all its reputation of being racially polarised city, 545 00:32:43,080 --> 00:32:47,360 over the last 20 years, there've been enormous changes in Chicago. 546 00:32:47,360 --> 00:32:49,440 The blacks. 547 00:32:49,440 --> 00:32:53,840 We still have essentially two black ghettos in the South Side 548 00:32:53,840 --> 00:32:56,480 and the West Side but... 549 00:32:57,880 --> 00:33:01,120 ..blacks are now living in parts of the city 550 00:33:01,120 --> 00:33:05,280 that would've been unheard of 20, 25 years ago. 551 00:33:22,880 --> 00:33:25,680 You can find the black middle class living anywhere. 552 00:33:25,680 --> 00:33:29,000 But to get to the ghettos, you have to follow the music. 553 00:33:33,200 --> 00:33:37,000 At the Maxwell Street Market, the music still sounds sweet. 554 00:33:40,600 --> 00:33:44,760 Maxwell Street is the kind of market that sells things you don't really want. 555 00:33:44,760 --> 00:33:48,920 Miami Vice, photo albums, old batteries, things that used 556 00:33:48,920 --> 00:33:53,640 to be household appliances - warps shoes, non-operative ashtrays. 557 00:34:04,360 --> 00:34:08,200 It would have taken me all day to spend 10, but I was ready to hang 558 00:34:08,200 --> 00:34:11,480 around and buy dud merchandise indefinitely as long 559 00:34:11,480 --> 00:34:14,280 as I could listen to those lyrical guitars. 560 00:34:14,280 --> 00:34:15,720 MUSIC PLAYS 561 00:34:34,840 --> 00:34:38,440 Can a way of life that produces a sound like that be all bad? 562 00:34:38,440 --> 00:34:40,080 Well, yes, it can. 563 00:34:41,600 --> 00:34:46,640 The tougher Chicago ghettos at Cabrini Green and Robert Taylor Homes. 564 00:34:46,640 --> 00:34:50,200 Low-cost high-rise housing the city put up and then forgot, 565 00:34:50,200 --> 00:34:53,920 they have an average of one husband at home for every hundred people, 566 00:34:53,920 --> 00:34:58,440 partly because the rent bill is too high if a family stays together. 567 00:34:58,440 --> 00:35:02,920 The city's black administration says it needs federal funds to fix things. 568 00:35:02,920 --> 00:35:05,840 The people who exist in these vertical detention centres say 569 00:35:05,840 --> 00:35:07,400 that the buildings are being run down 570 00:35:07,400 --> 00:35:10,000 so that the land can be sold off. 571 00:35:10,000 --> 00:35:12,800 They say that when they talk at all. 572 00:35:12,800 --> 00:35:14,640 Trapped by broken elevators, 573 00:35:14,640 --> 00:35:18,800 many of them make life bearable by the most portable available means. 574 00:35:18,800 --> 00:35:23,120 Drugs are currency, and the gang warfare might as well be real warfare 575 00:35:23,120 --> 00:35:25,440 for the cops up against it. 576 00:35:25,440 --> 00:35:28,360 An ex-Marine who thought he saw bad things in Korea, 577 00:35:28,360 --> 00:35:30,920 the man in charge is Captain Woods. 578 00:35:30,920 --> 00:35:35,040 The history of Chicago would reveal that we've had Irish gangs 579 00:35:35,040 --> 00:35:38,760 and English gangs and Polish gangs, and gangs as we call them. 580 00:35:38,760 --> 00:35:41,040 But these gangs now are beginning with colours. 581 00:35:41,040 --> 00:35:42,560 And before it was all ethnic. 582 00:35:42,560 --> 00:35:44,240 Now we're gone by colour lines - 583 00:35:44,240 --> 00:35:48,480 brown people, Oriental people, black people. 584 00:35:49,880 --> 00:35:54,200 In our past, it's always been ethnic type - Irish, Polish, whatever. 585 00:35:54,200 --> 00:35:57,800 Is it difficult for a young kid to resist becoming a member of one of these gangs? 586 00:35:57,800 --> 00:35:58,960 Very difficult. 587 00:35:58,960 --> 00:36:02,240 I'm talking nine, ten, 11-year-olds. 588 00:36:02,240 --> 00:36:04,400 They're first recruited at that age. 589 00:36:04,400 --> 00:36:07,000 Because of their young age, they can move around, 590 00:36:07,000 --> 00:36:09,320 not be seen by police officers. 591 00:36:09,320 --> 00:36:11,520 Police officers usually don't pay attention to them. 592 00:36:11,520 --> 00:36:15,040 12-year-old kids, they figure they're good kids, they haven't got in any trouble yet. 593 00:36:15,040 --> 00:36:17,760 These are the kids that become the runners for the gangbangers. 594 00:36:17,760 --> 00:36:20,200 "Gangbangers"? We call them gangbangers. 595 00:36:20,200 --> 00:36:22,320 Gang members, gangbangers 596 00:36:22,320 --> 00:36:25,560 For reasons, banger's shooting - gangbangers. Ah. 597 00:36:27,240 --> 00:36:29,520 These young kids, they can recruit them 598 00:36:29,520 --> 00:36:31,200 to do their dirty work for them. 599 00:36:31,200 --> 00:36:33,640 Would you be able to work more effectively against the gangs 600 00:36:33,640 --> 00:36:36,840 if the handgun laws were changed in the US? 601 00:36:36,840 --> 00:36:41,400 Well, I'm an American. I believe in guns, and actually I'm a policeman. 602 00:36:41,400 --> 00:36:44,320 I spent a lot of time in the military where I handled weapons, 603 00:36:44,320 --> 00:36:46,680 but I'm not one for everybody carrying a gun 604 00:36:46,680 --> 00:36:48,680 or allowed to have guns - I don't believe in it. 605 00:36:48,680 --> 00:36:51,640 Unless a person is a decent person, 606 00:36:51,640 --> 00:36:54,640 it can be shown that he's a working person, he should be allowed 607 00:36:54,640 --> 00:36:57,000 to have a gun in his home by all means. 608 00:36:57,000 --> 00:37:00,160 But anybody just going to be able to buy a gun any place he so chooses 609 00:37:00,160 --> 00:37:02,720 and carrying it around with them, I don't believe in this. 610 00:37:02,720 --> 00:37:06,680 So what weapons do they...? He is carrying sophisticated handguns, 611 00:37:06,680 --> 00:37:10,480 machine guns, automatic weapons, and better handguns than we're carrying. 612 00:37:10,480 --> 00:37:13,280 Kids with machine guns? Machine guns. 613 00:37:13,280 --> 00:37:17,120 Uzis and this sort of thing. You know what an Uzi is, you've seen the Jewish people over in Israel 614 00:37:17,120 --> 00:37:19,520 and these places carrying these small automatic weapons. 615 00:37:19,520 --> 00:37:21,920 They've got a huge rate. 616 00:37:21,920 --> 00:37:24,840 A large rate of fire. So, what do you do when you're up 617 00:37:24,840 --> 00:37:26,440 against a kid with one of those things? 618 00:37:26,440 --> 00:37:27,840 Get out of the way. 619 00:37:31,760 --> 00:37:34,320 Even closer to the front line than Captain Woods, 620 00:37:34,320 --> 00:37:38,200 plain-clothed detective Tom McMahon goes out on regular car patrol 621 00:37:38,200 --> 00:37:40,120 into Robert Taylor Homes. 622 00:37:40,120 --> 00:37:43,360 These drive-by shootings are becoming popular again in Chicago. 623 00:37:43,360 --> 00:37:46,320 Where they just drive by and they'll fire into a crowd, 624 00:37:46,320 --> 00:37:48,600 standing around a basketball court, hit somebody. 625 00:37:48,600 --> 00:37:52,640 Nobody in particular - they just want to shoot another gang member. 626 00:37:52,640 --> 00:37:55,960 And they're finding out that the 14 to 15-year-old, the juvenile, 627 00:37:55,960 --> 00:37:59,720 the kid who when he goes to court, doesn't get sentenced to life imprisonment 628 00:37:59,720 --> 00:38:01,240 as a result of his involvement. 629 00:38:01,240 --> 00:38:03,040 He's probably a first-time offender. 630 00:38:03,040 --> 00:38:05,440 In some instances, it's the code. 631 00:38:05,440 --> 00:38:07,320 It's your initiation into the gang. 632 00:38:07,320 --> 00:38:10,880 A lot of these gangs require an initiation process. 633 00:38:10,880 --> 00:38:13,760 It has to involve something criminal to become part of the gang. 634 00:38:13,760 --> 00:38:16,560 You either go into a store, you shoplift, or you go into a school 635 00:38:16,560 --> 00:38:19,160 and spray paint the name of the gang all over the school. 636 00:38:19,160 --> 00:38:21,360 There's something criminal - that's on the lower end. 637 00:38:21,360 --> 00:38:24,600 On the bigger end to escalate yourself up the ladder in the gang, 638 00:38:24,600 --> 00:38:27,720 to achieve some status in a gang, you have to shoot someone. 639 00:38:27,720 --> 00:38:29,240 You have to be known as a shooter. 640 00:38:29,240 --> 00:38:31,840 Can you spot the difference between civilians and gang members 641 00:38:31,840 --> 00:38:34,240 just by looking at them, the way they dress and everything? 642 00:38:34,240 --> 00:38:38,160 Yeah, sure. There's a real significance to the whole scenario of the gangs. 643 00:38:38,160 --> 00:38:39,800 Right versus left. 644 00:38:39,800 --> 00:38:43,080 The right hand versus the left hand is basically how it goes. 645 00:38:43,080 --> 00:38:45,360 It is also Folks versus People. 646 00:38:45,360 --> 00:38:48,160 Again, there's gang graffiti all along the walls here. 647 00:38:48,160 --> 00:38:51,120 The Folks are all the Disciple Nation. 648 00:38:51,120 --> 00:38:55,520 The People are the El Rukns, the Cobra Stones, the Mickey Cobras, the Vice Lords. 649 00:38:55,520 --> 00:38:58,520 And that is basically if you were to compare this to LA, 650 00:38:58,520 --> 00:39:00,280 that's their colours. 651 00:39:00,280 --> 00:39:01,640 Here, it's Folks versus People. 652 00:39:01,640 --> 00:39:03,520 There, it's the Bloods versus the Crips. 653 00:39:03,520 --> 00:39:07,720 And we can break it down. We can break the entire gang structure down into two folds. 654 00:39:07,720 --> 00:39:10,640 Folks on one side, People on the other, and they clash. 655 00:39:10,640 --> 00:39:13,640 That's what all the violence is about - control of territory, 656 00:39:13,640 --> 00:39:18,000 control of narcotics, control of the buildings, control of schools. 657 00:39:18,000 --> 00:39:20,520 All of it stems from the Folks versus People. 658 00:39:23,600 --> 00:39:25,200 CAR HORN HONKS 659 00:39:25,200 --> 00:39:30,200 To anyone who, like me, spent a lot of his own childhood hanging around street corners, 660 00:39:30,200 --> 00:39:32,960 all this hanging around street corners might look reasonably 661 00:39:32,960 --> 00:39:37,200 harmless, but in my day we had cap pistols and bubble gum. 662 00:39:37,200 --> 00:39:40,680 There wasn't a crack pusher working the corridor or an arms dealer 663 00:39:40,680 --> 00:39:44,600 waiting up the alley to sell me a rocket launcher on hire purchase. 664 00:39:46,680 --> 00:39:48,720 Is he in the gang? Oh, yeah. 665 00:39:50,040 --> 00:39:52,520 What would you say of the little one's chances, with the ball? 666 00:39:52,520 --> 00:39:54,760 Well look at him, here he is standing down here. 667 00:39:54,760 --> 00:39:56,360 He's probably... 668 00:39:56,360 --> 00:39:59,320 One of the big brothers here, he's probably a younger brother 669 00:39:59,320 --> 00:40:01,960 to somebody standing on this corner of this group. 670 00:40:01,960 --> 00:40:03,360 This is what he has to look up to. 671 00:40:03,360 --> 00:40:05,520 These are his role models. 672 00:40:05,520 --> 00:40:06,600 RADIO CHATTER 673 00:40:07,800 --> 00:40:09,040 Get her with the forks up. 674 00:40:09,040 --> 00:40:11,600 She's doing the pitchfork sign, did you see that? Uh-huh. 675 00:40:11,600 --> 00:40:14,440 What does that mean? That's forks, the pitchforks are the sign 676 00:40:14,440 --> 00:40:15,880 of the Gangster Disciples. 677 00:40:15,880 --> 00:40:18,840 She's throwing pitchforks up. That's the gang sign, how they do that... 678 00:40:18,840 --> 00:40:22,200 They signify to each other, telling each other that they're Folks. 679 00:40:22,200 --> 00:40:23,680 KIDS YELL 680 00:40:37,360 --> 00:40:39,520 Hey, what's going on? 681 00:40:39,520 --> 00:40:41,640 What y'all doing? Hi, fellas. 682 00:40:41,640 --> 00:40:43,000 What is this for? 683 00:40:43,000 --> 00:40:44,720 You're on British television today. 684 00:40:44,720 --> 00:40:46,600 Straight up? Straight up. 685 00:40:46,600 --> 00:40:48,080 What channel this on? 686 00:40:48,080 --> 00:40:50,640 What's the earring in the ear for? 687 00:40:50,640 --> 00:40:52,240 What's this for? We on TV, man. 688 00:40:52,240 --> 00:40:55,320 What's this for? British Broadcasting system. What channel? 689 00:40:55,320 --> 00:40:58,000 What channel? It's going to be filmed over there, 690 00:40:58,000 --> 00:41:01,360 you won't see it here. You know, you won't be a star in your own neighbourhood, pal. 691 00:41:01,360 --> 00:41:03,320 ALL SPEAK What y'all trying to make them see 692 00:41:03,320 --> 00:41:07,200 what it look like in the ghetto or something? No, you know how those gangsters are with their hats 693 00:41:07,200 --> 00:41:09,280 to the left and the right, and all of that, you know? 694 00:41:09,280 --> 00:41:11,920 His hat's straight. Why is his hat straight? 695 00:41:11,920 --> 00:41:13,120 Why are you filming us? 696 00:41:13,120 --> 00:41:14,880 Why is his hat straight? 697 00:41:14,880 --> 00:41:17,040 Cos he ain't no gang brother. He ain't no gang member. 698 00:41:17,040 --> 00:41:20,240 What happens if he puts his hat to the right? Nothing. 699 00:41:20,240 --> 00:41:23,160 Nothing? He'd be Folks. Then he'd be Folks, right? Yeah. 700 00:41:23,160 --> 00:41:25,680 And what happens if he puts the hat to the left? 701 00:41:25,680 --> 00:41:27,560 Well, then he'd be a Brother! 702 00:41:27,560 --> 00:41:30,880 OK, Folks and them duke it up, don't they - Folks and People? 703 00:41:30,880 --> 00:41:33,680 No, they don't do that. They help make money together. 704 00:41:33,680 --> 00:41:35,200 How they make money? 705 00:41:35,200 --> 00:41:38,000 They go work in Jewels and Amoco and stuff like that. 706 00:41:38,000 --> 00:41:41,600 Yeah, yeah. Tell me another fable, pal. 707 00:41:41,600 --> 00:41:42,840 RADIO CHATTER 708 00:41:46,600 --> 00:41:50,480 But hanging around hopelessly isn't the whole story of the ghettos. 709 00:41:50,480 --> 00:41:54,360 Young people play at other things besides a human target practice. 710 00:41:54,360 --> 00:41:56,800 Athletes and gymnasts come out of here. 711 00:41:56,800 --> 00:42:00,080 And though it's sad for the ghettos that they don't often go back, 712 00:42:00,080 --> 00:42:03,120 the urge to get on is no bad thing just because it's based 713 00:42:03,120 --> 00:42:05,480 on the urge to get out. 714 00:42:05,480 --> 00:42:09,080 Upward mobility helps to civilise the city, even if it leaves 715 00:42:09,080 --> 00:42:12,120 the place where it came from, short of leaders. 716 00:42:12,120 --> 00:42:15,200 And a lot of the music born here stays here. 717 00:42:15,200 --> 00:42:19,120 Black blues made big money for white musicians, but some of the black 718 00:42:19,120 --> 00:42:22,240 musicians make at least a living, and the music they make 719 00:42:22,240 --> 00:42:24,760 is the authentic sound of Chicago. 720 00:42:24,760 --> 00:42:27,160 It's a city that sounds black. 721 00:42:27,160 --> 00:42:29,400 # If I can't find my woman 722 00:42:31,160 --> 00:42:34,920 # People I just won't be satisfied 723 00:42:42,280 --> 00:42:44,560 # I'm going to California 724 00:42:46,160 --> 00:42:48,520 # I'm gonna stop in New York too 725 00:42:49,960 --> 00:42:53,720 # Then I'm going next to Atlanta, Georgia 726 00:42:53,720 --> 00:42:57,480 # Stop in Mississippi too 727 00:42:57,480 --> 00:43:01,280 # I've got to leave here baby 728 00:43:01,280 --> 00:43:05,200 # Gonna catch a gold-tailed butterfly 729 00:43:13,080 --> 00:43:15,400 # If I can't find my woman 730 00:43:16,760 --> 00:43:20,120 # People I just won't be satisfied 731 00:43:23,480 --> 00:43:25,480 # Let me hear you move 732 00:43:29,000 --> 00:43:30,600 # That's what I'm talking about... # 733 00:43:43,240 --> 00:43:45,200 Mike Royko was right. 734 00:43:45,200 --> 00:43:51,520 Jim Crow still lives in Chicago, but he doesn't rule, nor does Uncle Tom. 735 00:43:51,520 --> 00:43:55,560 From the same beach where a black boy was stoned to death in 1919, 736 00:43:55,560 --> 00:43:58,000 you see black children swimming in the same part 737 00:43:58,000 --> 00:44:01,040 of the same lake as the white children. 738 00:44:01,040 --> 00:44:04,280 You see the black middle class in the classiest places. 739 00:44:04,280 --> 00:44:07,160 And by now, it would look wrong if they weren't there. 740 00:44:07,160 --> 00:44:09,680 No white strut, no black cringe. 741 00:44:09,680 --> 00:44:11,800 You see self-assurance. 742 00:44:11,800 --> 00:44:14,520 There are black people outside City Hall confident 743 00:44:14,520 --> 00:44:17,640 and powerful enough to wonder why the black people inside City Hall 744 00:44:17,640 --> 00:44:20,200 can't get their act together. 745 00:44:20,200 --> 00:44:23,680 One of the most relentlessly dynamic big businessmen in the city 746 00:44:23,680 --> 00:44:28,360 is the founder of Ebony Magazine and all-around empire builder John Johnson. 747 00:44:28,360 --> 00:44:32,840 Chicago is probably the best city for blacks in this nation, 748 00:44:32,840 --> 00:44:37,120 and it's the best city for blacks because we have the numbers, 749 00:44:37,120 --> 00:44:41,240 and we were segregated and we were together and we worked 750 00:44:41,240 --> 00:44:43,960 with each other and we were encouraged by each other. 751 00:44:43,960 --> 00:44:46,520 The problem that any minority has, 752 00:44:46,520 --> 00:44:49,320 you have to have symbols of success. 753 00:44:49,320 --> 00:44:52,560 You have persons that you can emulate. 754 00:44:52,560 --> 00:44:57,600 You have to say, "That is a person like me and I can be like them." 755 00:44:57,600 --> 00:44:59,800 And I think that's what we have in Chicago. 756 00:44:59,800 --> 00:45:04,440 I know it's the thing. When I came here, I wanted to be a lawyer. 757 00:45:04,440 --> 00:45:07,240 And I went to work for an insurance company, and I saw black people 758 00:45:07,240 --> 00:45:10,040 making decisions and conducting commerce. 759 00:45:10,040 --> 00:45:11,360 And I was inspired. 760 00:45:11,360 --> 00:45:13,680 And I thought, "Gee, if these guys can do it, 761 00:45:13,680 --> 00:45:17,080 "these guys are the same colour as I am - I can do it!" 762 00:45:17,080 --> 00:45:19,520 And it gave me the feeling to go forward. 763 00:45:19,520 --> 00:45:21,680 And I think that that's what we have here in Chicago. 764 00:45:21,680 --> 00:45:24,040 It's a vitality. 765 00:45:24,040 --> 00:45:25,920 It's dynamic. 766 00:45:25,920 --> 00:45:27,760 It's contagious. 767 00:45:27,760 --> 00:45:30,480 People want to succeed because they see persons 768 00:45:30,480 --> 00:45:32,480 like themselves succeeding. 769 00:45:32,480 --> 00:45:36,560 Are you surprised by how far black people have come since you were young? 770 00:45:36,560 --> 00:45:41,400 Look, I often say in speeches, it's another world. 771 00:45:41,400 --> 00:45:43,880 It's a new world. 772 00:45:44,880 --> 00:45:48,400 From the time I came to Chicago, when you couldn't eat 773 00:45:48,400 --> 00:45:52,640 in restaurants, you couldn't drive buses, you couldn't work 774 00:45:52,640 --> 00:45:54,440 on the police force... 775 00:45:54,440 --> 00:45:55,840 It's just another world. 776 00:45:55,840 --> 00:45:57,680 It's almost unbelievable. 777 00:45:59,720 --> 00:46:02,720 Have you come as far as you should since 1954? 778 00:46:02,720 --> 00:46:05,240 No, no. I don't think anyone ever thinks 779 00:46:05,240 --> 00:46:07,760 they've come as far as they should. 780 00:46:07,760 --> 00:46:12,680 For example, I'm still editing black magazines. 781 00:46:12,680 --> 00:46:15,480 I think I could edit any magazines for anyone. 782 00:46:15,480 --> 00:46:19,760 You know, years ago when integration came, 783 00:46:19,760 --> 00:46:23,320 people kept saying to me, now that integration is here, 784 00:46:23,320 --> 00:46:27,560 and Life is a picture magazine, and Look is a picture magazine, 785 00:46:27,560 --> 00:46:29,600 when is Ebony going out of business? 786 00:46:29,600 --> 00:46:32,240 And I said, "Ebony is not going out of business." 787 00:46:32,240 --> 00:46:35,120 Why can't Life and Look go out of business? 788 00:46:35,120 --> 00:46:37,560 I never thought they would, but they did. 789 00:46:37,560 --> 00:46:39,840 And I said the end and I say, now, 790 00:46:39,840 --> 00:46:44,120 if race is not a factor and if we're going to measure people 791 00:46:44,120 --> 00:46:48,280 by ability and service, then I would be more successful 792 00:46:48,280 --> 00:46:52,240 than they are because I've had more experience giving service 793 00:46:52,240 --> 00:46:55,920 to white people than they have given service to me. 794 00:46:55,920 --> 00:46:57,520 I understand them. 795 00:46:57,520 --> 00:47:01,080 I've been FORCED to understand them, but they don't understand me 796 00:47:01,080 --> 00:47:03,000 because they haven't had to. 797 00:47:03,000 --> 00:47:06,440 It took more than just one city to make a man like that. 798 00:47:06,440 --> 00:47:09,640 It took all the brave people of a generation and a free nation 799 00:47:09,640 --> 00:47:11,320 for them to be brave in. 800 00:47:11,320 --> 00:47:13,920 But if Chicago inspired John Johnson, 801 00:47:13,920 --> 00:47:15,880 it ought to inspire us. 802 00:47:15,880 --> 00:47:18,240 Writers, some of them great writers, 803 00:47:18,240 --> 00:47:21,600 enjoy making Chicago sound like the end of the world. 804 00:47:21,600 --> 00:47:25,080 A gleaming core rimmed around with decay and corruption, 805 00:47:25,080 --> 00:47:27,640 like a boil set to burst. 806 00:47:27,640 --> 00:47:30,040 If you were stuck in some parts of Chicago, 807 00:47:30,040 --> 00:47:31,880 it would probably feel like that. 808 00:47:31,880 --> 00:47:33,720 But if you're visiting the rest of it, 809 00:47:33,720 --> 00:47:36,920 it feels more like the start of something. 810 00:47:36,920 --> 00:47:40,440 There's a lot more to Chicago than just the ghost of Al Capone, 811 00:47:40,440 --> 00:47:42,720 whom the city would prefer to forget. 812 00:47:42,720 --> 00:47:44,960 Although he won't be forgotten by the lady who used 813 00:47:44,960 --> 00:47:47,840 to play his requests, Miss Eve. 814 00:47:47,840 --> 00:47:49,520 The man is beautiful. 815 00:47:55,080 --> 00:47:58,120 For someone who risked being cut in half by a hail of lead 816 00:47:58,120 --> 00:48:00,720 if she failed to remember a mobster's favourite song, 817 00:48:00,720 --> 00:48:04,240 Miss Eve looks strangely ageless until you remember 818 00:48:04,240 --> 00:48:07,720 that it all happened only yesterday. 819 00:48:07,720 --> 00:48:09,960 # You fall 820 00:48:11,800 --> 00:48:15,560 # And I'm thinking 821 00:48:15,560 --> 00:48:22,200 # I wouldn't mind at all... # 822 00:48:22,200 --> 00:48:24,440 Eat your heart out! 823 00:48:24,440 --> 00:48:28,000 Submachine guns no longer chatter in the street outside. 824 00:48:28,000 --> 00:48:30,560 The heavy weapons are in the housing developments. 825 00:48:30,560 --> 00:48:34,560 Downtown, the violent past is part of the decor now. 826 00:48:34,560 --> 00:48:37,960 The voice of Chicago, Studs Terkel, put me straight 827 00:48:37,960 --> 00:48:40,240 about the city's unsavoury reputation. 828 00:48:40,240 --> 00:48:42,880 No, it's not deserved! 829 00:48:42,880 --> 00:48:46,360 You see, it is more theatrically correct. 830 00:48:46,360 --> 00:48:48,520 You see, Chicago loves... 831 00:48:48,520 --> 00:48:51,240 Chicago IS theatre. 832 00:48:51,240 --> 00:48:53,200 Everything is exaggerated. 833 00:48:53,200 --> 00:48:55,400 Theatre is larger than life. 834 00:48:55,400 --> 00:48:56,880 So is Chicago. 835 00:48:56,880 --> 00:49:00,040 It's larger. There may be bigger populations, 836 00:49:00,040 --> 00:49:06,320 but not larger in its extravagances than Chicago is. 837 00:49:06,320 --> 00:49:08,240 And so it is not... 838 00:49:08,240 --> 00:49:10,840 Most cities, many cities are corrupt, 839 00:49:10,840 --> 00:49:13,840 but Chicago delights in its corruption. 840 00:49:13,840 --> 00:49:18,360 And it was the first, that makes it the big daddy of the corrupt cities. 841 00:49:18,360 --> 00:49:21,120 See Chicago may be corrupt, but the respectables 842 00:49:21,120 --> 00:49:24,400 of the town secretly like that idea. 843 00:49:24,400 --> 00:49:26,680 It gives a kick and juice to their life. 844 00:49:26,680 --> 00:49:29,880 And so when they say... When someone visits another country, 845 00:49:29,880 --> 00:49:33,120 and they say, "Chicago - boom, boom, boom!" 846 00:49:33,120 --> 00:49:35,920 The other person says, "Oh, no, it's not that way," 847 00:49:35,920 --> 00:49:38,600 but deep, deep down likes the idea very much. 848 00:49:38,600 --> 00:49:41,240 So, people are really thrilled by Capone and all that stuff, huh? 849 00:49:41,240 --> 00:49:42,920 Of course. Deep down? Sure. 850 00:49:42,920 --> 00:49:44,880 What made Capone? 851 00:49:44,880 --> 00:49:46,360 Acceptance, really. 852 00:49:46,360 --> 00:49:50,040 What made Capone? The wink is what made Capone. 853 00:49:50,040 --> 00:49:53,280 After all, it was Prohibition that set him up. 854 00:49:53,280 --> 00:49:58,000 But after Prohibition, houses of prostitution, brutishness 855 00:49:58,000 --> 00:50:02,440 more or less fulfilling, as he would say, "a public need". 856 00:50:02,440 --> 00:50:04,160 Funny about Capone. 857 00:50:04,160 --> 00:50:06,120 He's still remembered fondly by some. 858 00:50:06,120 --> 00:50:08,160 The same Al Capone had a bread line. 859 00:50:08,160 --> 00:50:12,880 If you remember him for the bread line, forgetting of all the brutishness and all the... 860 00:50:12,880 --> 00:50:16,960 If not, he knocked off but the complete debasement of the human spirit. 861 00:50:16,960 --> 00:50:18,600 And so there's a fondness. 862 00:50:18,600 --> 00:50:21,120 There's a perversity here too in Chicago. 863 00:50:21,120 --> 00:50:24,680 There's kind of a fondness for him, at least for the memory of him. 864 00:50:24,680 --> 00:50:26,600 They go, tsk, tsk, tsk... 865 00:50:26,600 --> 00:50:28,720 However, really... 866 00:50:30,960 --> 00:50:34,680 Chicago is theatre but it's real theatre. 867 00:50:34,680 --> 00:50:38,920 In the old days when New York and Los Angeles were joined by rail, 868 00:50:38,920 --> 00:50:42,960 silver trains brought the Hollywood stars to pose for the flashbulbs 869 00:50:42,960 --> 00:50:45,280 as they stepped between sleeping cars, 870 00:50:45,280 --> 00:50:48,440 caught for one bedazzled moment in the middle of the country 871 00:50:48,440 --> 00:50:50,240 whose dreams they embodied. 872 00:50:50,240 --> 00:50:53,120 Now, the silver planes take them overhead. 873 00:50:53,120 --> 00:50:55,440 But Chicago is still there. 874 00:50:55,440 --> 00:50:57,640 Exciting if you can take the tension, 875 00:50:57,640 --> 00:50:59,560 taller every time you look, 876 00:50:59,560 --> 00:51:01,640 and full of light during the night. 877 00:51:01,640 --> 00:51:05,320 # Tailing you last night baby in my car 878 00:51:05,320 --> 00:51:09,000 # Scared I might see what I was looking for 879 00:51:09,000 --> 00:51:11,240 # Little by little 880 00:51:11,240 --> 00:51:13,960 # I'm losing you I can see 881 00:51:17,040 --> 00:51:18,600 # Bit by bit 882 00:51:18,600 --> 00:51:20,960 # Your love slips away from me... 883 00:51:20,960 --> 00:51:24,280 I say here, would y'all help me? 884 00:51:24,280 --> 00:51:28,520 # Little 885 00:51:28,520 --> 00:51:29,960 # Ow 886 00:51:31,840 --> 00:51:33,760 # Oh 887 00:51:33,760 --> 00:51:36,520 # Oh... # 888 00:51:40,880 --> 00:51:42,400 Hey! 889 00:51:54,400 --> 00:51:56,040 CHEERS AND APPLAUSE