1 00:00:00,332 --> 00:00:02,260 ( bright music) 2 00:00:02,260 --> 00:00:04,378 You might believe in destiny 3 00:00:04,378 --> 00:00:06,400 (crank) 4 00:00:06,400 --> 00:00:09,280 But if you ask me, and I'm glad you did, 5 00:00:09,280 --> 00:00:13,230 there is one powerful force that drives human behavior, 6 00:00:13,230 --> 00:00:16,522 changes the world, money. 7 00:00:16,522 --> 00:00:18,040 (coins rattling) 8 00:00:18,040 --> 00:00:20,790 (dramatic music) 9 00:00:24,605 --> 00:00:27,750 (violin music) 10 00:00:27,750 --> 00:00:31,500 This Trident Nuclear Missile, with it's multiple warheads 11 00:00:31,500 --> 00:00:34,510 could obliterate up to half a dozen enemy cities 12 00:00:34,510 --> 00:00:39,050 all for the low low price of 70 million dollars a missile. 13 00:00:39,050 --> 00:00:42,530 That is a fraction of what our military currently spends 14 00:00:42,530 --> 00:00:46,700 on bands, but the Reagan administration wanted something 15 00:00:46,700 --> 00:00:51,700 a little flashier, you know, and lot more expensive. 16 00:00:51,840 --> 00:00:55,290 So for example, the B2 stealth bomber, 17 00:00:55,290 --> 00:00:56,870 couldn't go as far as this missile, 18 00:00:56,870 --> 00:00:59,570 couldn't do as much damage, was easier to deter, 19 00:00:59,570 --> 00:01:03,620 but man it was intimidatingly expensive. 20 00:01:03,620 --> 00:01:08,060 At 2 billion dollars a plane, it might have been cheaper 21 00:01:08,060 --> 00:01:11,210 to build each one out of solid gold. 22 00:01:11,210 --> 00:01:12,450 It was as if we were trying 23 00:01:12,450 --> 00:01:15,914 to bling the Soviet Union into submission. 24 00:01:15,914 --> 00:01:18,664 (dramatic music) 25 00:01:19,570 --> 00:01:23,190 Comprehending the trillions of dollars and rubles 26 00:01:23,190 --> 00:01:25,660 spent on the military during the cold war, 27 00:01:25,660 --> 00:01:28,607 is like trying to count the stars in Heaven. 28 00:01:28,607 --> 00:01:31,357 (dramatic music) 29 00:01:32,600 --> 00:01:35,390 No mere number, no matter how many zeroes, 30 00:01:35,390 --> 00:01:37,073 can convey the scope. 31 00:01:39,846 --> 00:01:43,100 (missile launching) 32 00:01:43,100 --> 00:01:45,562 I was born in the middle of the cold war, 33 00:01:45,562 --> 00:01:46,423 and I lived to see it end. 34 00:01:48,289 --> 00:01:51,970 I was taught it was a struggle between good and evil, 35 00:01:51,970 --> 00:01:55,860 freedom and tyranny, but follow the money, 36 00:01:55,860 --> 00:01:59,520 and it leads straight to the corner store. 37 00:01:59,520 --> 00:02:01,770 (chanting) 38 00:02:05,070 --> 00:02:07,060 Once the Soviet people got a taste of 39 00:02:07,060 --> 00:02:10,600 our blue jeans and silk stockings and fast food, 40 00:02:10,600 --> 00:02:11,903 it was no contest. 41 00:02:14,880 --> 00:02:16,200 (dramatic music) 42 00:02:16,200 --> 00:02:17,570 They had always been told, we know, 43 00:02:17,570 --> 00:02:20,210 through Soviet propaganda that Americans live terribly, 44 00:02:20,210 --> 00:02:21,860 and we have terrible race problems 45 00:02:21,860 --> 00:02:23,080 and people are impoverished, 46 00:02:23,080 --> 00:02:25,430 and we're all slaves to our capitalist masters, 47 00:02:25,430 --> 00:02:27,420 but then they got a glimpse of 48 00:02:27,420 --> 00:02:28,698 what our supermarkets are like, 49 00:02:28,698 --> 00:02:30,790 and they're like, wait a minute, that's fantastic, 50 00:02:30,790 --> 00:02:34,430 Right, when the information starts to flow, 51 00:02:34,430 --> 00:02:36,590 you can only hold of information for so long, 52 00:02:36,590 --> 00:02:38,930 and when real live information began to come 53 00:02:38,930 --> 00:02:41,120 into the Soviet Union about living standards, 54 00:02:41,120 --> 00:02:43,559 whether it was the US or just simply West Germany, 55 00:02:43,559 --> 00:02:45,390 it was stunning to people. 56 00:02:45,390 --> 00:02:46,700 They realized that these are places 57 00:02:46,700 --> 00:02:48,130 that are not on the verge of collapse, 58 00:02:48,130 --> 00:02:49,850 that are not at war with themselves. 59 00:02:49,850 --> 00:02:51,070 They actually seem to be quite peaceful 60 00:02:51,070 --> 00:02:52,810 and quite prosperous and wouldn't it be nice 61 00:02:52,810 --> 00:02:53,820 to get a little of that. 62 00:02:53,820 --> 00:02:56,090 Yeah so in a weird way the Cold Way came to an end 63 00:02:56,090 --> 00:02:57,980 because people wanted a better choice of breakfast cereal. 64 00:02:57,980 --> 00:03:00,680 Yes, exactly and maybe a spare roll of toilet paper. 65 00:03:02,604 --> 00:03:05,200 Eisenhower presided over the first decade 66 00:03:05,200 --> 00:03:09,763 of the Cold War, even as he warned about it's dire cost. 67 00:03:11,275 --> 00:03:13,980 Every gun that is made, 68 00:03:13,980 --> 00:03:17,390 every warship launched, every rocket fired 69 00:03:17,390 --> 00:03:21,070 signifies a theft from those who hunger 70 00:03:21,070 --> 00:03:24,400 and are not fed, those who are cold 71 00:03:24,400 --> 00:03:25,690 and are not clothed. 72 00:03:27,320 --> 00:03:30,643 This world in arms is not spending money alone, 73 00:03:31,620 --> 00:03:33,720 it is spending the sweat of it's laborers, 74 00:03:35,190 --> 00:03:37,963 the genius of it's scientist, 75 00:03:37,963 --> 00:03:39,493 the hopes of it's children. 76 00:03:41,780 --> 00:03:44,380 Such honesty would soon become political death, 77 00:03:44,380 --> 00:03:47,910 denounced as weakness, or worse, disloyalty. 78 00:03:47,910 --> 00:03:50,590 No mere president could halt the juggernaut 79 00:03:50,590 --> 00:03:52,206 of defense spending. 80 00:03:52,206 --> 00:03:55,039 (patriotic music) 81 00:03:59,832 --> 00:04:03,915 By 1959 it consumed over half the federal budget. 82 00:04:05,440 --> 00:04:09,993 For decades the arms race generated trillions in profits. 83 00:04:12,448 --> 00:04:14,448 Governor Ronald Reagan.... 84 00:04:15,505 --> 00:04:18,420 Then in 1980, Ronald Reagan was elected president, 85 00:04:18,420 --> 00:04:20,340 thanks in part by promising 86 00:04:20,340 --> 00:04:24,570 to dramatically increase defense spending. 87 00:04:24,570 --> 00:04:26,430 If you have the means to defend 88 00:04:26,430 --> 00:04:30,290 your freedom, you won't have to use those means. 89 00:04:30,290 --> 00:04:32,090 And that's what we're all aiming at. 90 00:04:34,510 --> 00:04:37,760 Reagan wanted victory over the Evil Empire, 91 00:04:37,760 --> 00:04:40,973 and he saw a way to get there, bankrupt them, 92 00:04:42,830 --> 00:04:45,270 spend more than they could ever match, 93 00:04:45,270 --> 00:04:46,870 as he wrote in his diary, 94 00:04:46,870 --> 00:04:48,480 if we can cut off their credit 95 00:04:48,480 --> 00:04:51,763 they'll have to yell Uncle or starve. 96 00:04:58,350 --> 00:05:01,930 Soviet citizens had long endured a horrendous standard 97 00:05:01,930 --> 00:05:04,920 of living, only one in three apartments had hot water, 98 00:05:04,920 --> 00:05:07,140 only one in ten people had a telephone, 99 00:05:07,140 --> 00:05:11,330 and the waiting time for a new apartment was fifteen years. 100 00:05:11,330 --> 00:05:14,690 The state run economy was a joke, literally. 101 00:05:14,690 --> 00:05:17,050 As the saying went, we pretend to work 102 00:05:17,050 --> 00:05:18,653 and they pretend to pay us. 103 00:05:22,600 --> 00:05:24,270 You have an enormous military budget, 104 00:05:24,270 --> 00:05:27,130 20 percent, by some measures, 20 percent of GDP 105 00:05:27,130 --> 00:05:30,120 in the Soviet Union is going to this huge military, 106 00:05:30,120 --> 00:05:32,150 that will not budge when it comes to the budget, 107 00:05:32,150 --> 00:05:34,697 they're not gonna give an inch on that, 108 00:05:34,697 --> 00:05:36,970 And we often forget this, that they had their own Vietnam, 109 00:05:36,970 --> 00:05:40,530 long drawn out war in Afghanistan in the 70s and early 80s. 110 00:05:40,530 --> 00:05:41,760 Which plays into the political part of it, 111 00:05:41,760 --> 00:05:43,950 so it's not just a collapsing Communist economy, 112 00:05:43,950 --> 00:05:45,920 it's a collapsing political order, 113 00:05:45,920 --> 00:05:48,640 so they invade Afghanistan in 1979, 114 00:05:48,640 --> 00:05:51,010 thinking it's going to be quick and easy, 115 00:05:51,010 --> 00:05:52,608 and it turned out to be a disaster. 116 00:05:52,608 --> 00:05:54,152 (rumbling) 117 00:05:54,152 --> 00:05:57,260 (dramatic music) 118 00:05:57,260 --> 00:06:00,820 Soviet troops would spend nine miserable years 119 00:06:00,820 --> 00:06:03,359 in Afghanistan, stuck in a bloody stalemate 120 00:06:03,359 --> 00:06:04,563 with local guerrillas. 121 00:06:09,154 --> 00:06:11,987 (softening music) 122 00:06:14,141 --> 00:06:14,974 (clapping) 123 00:06:14,974 --> 00:06:16,370 Mr. Gorbachev wants to bring the Communist 124 00:06:16,370 --> 00:06:18,880 party up to date, it's old fashioned methods of 125 00:06:18,880 --> 00:06:21,093 blocking his reforms at home and abroad. 126 00:06:22,180 --> 00:06:26,360 In 1985 Mikhail Gorbachev took the reins of power, 127 00:06:26,360 --> 00:06:29,713 after years of doddering commissar and apparatchiks, 128 00:06:30,870 --> 00:06:33,370 here was a man in the mold of western politicians. 129 00:06:38,270 --> 00:06:41,720 Gorbachev knew his country had to modernize. 130 00:06:41,720 --> 00:06:45,180 He introduced Glasnost, a new openness, 131 00:06:45,180 --> 00:06:48,063 but a little freedom can be a dangerous thing. 132 00:06:49,570 --> 00:06:51,140 When you have Glasnost right at the time 133 00:06:51,140 --> 00:06:52,930 when there's a lot of simmering discontent, 134 00:06:52,930 --> 00:06:54,410 people are furious about the economy 135 00:06:54,410 --> 00:06:55,750 they're furious about the corruption, 136 00:06:55,750 --> 00:06:58,870 they're furious about the inadequate supply of everything. 137 00:06:58,870 --> 00:07:00,070 They're also furious about the war, 138 00:07:00,070 --> 00:07:01,900 the tremendous anti-war opposition, 139 00:07:01,900 --> 00:07:03,940 and when you allow people to freely discuss that 140 00:07:03,940 --> 00:07:05,210 and publish that and then 141 00:07:05,210 --> 00:07:07,183 have external sources of information, 142 00:07:07,183 --> 00:07:09,940 dissident writers and things, 143 00:07:09,940 --> 00:07:10,823 it is a recipe for disaster. 144 00:07:10,823 --> 00:07:13,330 (Russian music) 145 00:07:13,330 --> 00:07:15,940 In 1990, journalist David Remnick attended 146 00:07:15,940 --> 00:07:19,190 a screening of the movie Wall Street in Moscow, 147 00:07:19,190 --> 00:07:21,380 now Oliver Stone intended the movie 148 00:07:21,380 --> 00:07:23,850 to be an indictment of reckless greed, 149 00:07:23,850 --> 00:07:25,880 but it didn't play that way. 150 00:07:25,880 --> 00:07:29,320 To the Russians it was like affluence porn. 151 00:07:29,320 --> 00:07:32,260 Look at that guy, he had tailored shirts, 152 00:07:32,260 --> 00:07:36,750 and really expensive hair, he had a TV in his limo. 153 00:07:36,750 --> 00:07:39,700 When he parked it at home, he had a house with a TV, 154 00:07:39,700 --> 00:07:43,700 with a car with another TV inside it. 155 00:07:43,700 --> 00:07:47,510 When Michael Douglas says his immortal line, 156 00:07:47,510 --> 00:07:50,250 meant to demonstrate his dark twisted soul, 157 00:07:50,250 --> 00:07:55,250 the Russians exploded in applause, greed is good, 158 00:07:55,703 --> 00:08:00,703 or as he was dubbed in Russian, zhadnost' eto khorosho, 159 00:08:01,055 --> 00:08:03,603 zhadnost' eto khorosho. 160 00:08:04,895 --> 00:08:07,478 (upbeat music) 161 00:08:13,470 --> 00:08:17,020 Russians had discovered the delights of capitalism, 162 00:08:17,020 --> 00:08:21,573 they no longer feared the west, or their own leaders. 163 00:08:26,570 --> 00:08:30,450 The Soviet Union was essentially a third world economy 164 00:08:30,450 --> 00:08:34,540 boosted by petrol dollars, but in the late 80s, 165 00:08:34,540 --> 00:08:38,550 Saudi Arabia, encouraged by the US, drastically increased 166 00:08:38,550 --> 00:08:42,613 it's oil production and cut prices by two thirds. 167 00:08:44,030 --> 00:08:46,463 Soviet oil revenue plummeted. 168 00:08:49,210 --> 00:08:50,730 The two fellas in the Soviet Union 169 00:08:50,730 --> 00:08:52,727 were walking down the street and one of them says 170 00:08:52,727 --> 00:08:56,030 have we really achieved full communism, 171 00:08:56,030 --> 00:08:58,720 is this it, is this now full communism, 172 00:08:58,720 --> 00:09:00,090 and the other one said, oh hell no, 173 00:09:00,090 --> 00:09:01,647 things are going to get a lot worse. 174 00:09:01,647 --> 00:09:03,897 (laughter) 175 00:09:05,100 --> 00:09:08,723 The truth could no longer be masked by lies. 176 00:09:10,720 --> 00:09:12,790 Communism had utterly failed to provide 177 00:09:12,790 --> 00:09:14,520 a minimum standard of living. 178 00:09:14,520 --> 00:09:17,960 One Soviet economist remarked, for decades we've strived 179 00:09:17,960 --> 00:09:22,323 for universal equality, now we have equality in poverty. 180 00:09:22,323 --> 00:09:24,740 (dark music) 181 00:09:28,118 --> 00:09:30,410 The final nail in the Soviet coffin, 182 00:09:30,410 --> 00:09:33,585 was a fantastic futuristic vision. 183 00:09:33,585 --> 00:09:36,730 (missile launching) 184 00:09:36,730 --> 00:09:39,440 What if free people could live secure 185 00:09:39,440 --> 00:09:42,270 in the knowledge that their security did not rest 186 00:09:42,270 --> 00:09:44,670 upon the threat of instant US retaliation 187 00:09:44,670 --> 00:09:47,958 to deter a Soviet attack, that we could intercept 188 00:09:47,958 --> 00:09:50,440 and destroy strategic ballistic missiles 189 00:09:50,440 --> 00:09:53,240 before they reached our own soil, or that of our allies. 190 00:09:54,308 --> 00:09:56,808 (space music) 191 00:09:59,970 --> 00:10:03,804 Reagan's strategic defense initiative, or SDI, 192 00:10:03,804 --> 00:10:07,280 was immediately dubbed Star Wars. 193 00:10:07,280 --> 00:10:09,670 The nickname conjured up real images, 194 00:10:09,670 --> 00:10:12,450 well real fake images from movies 195 00:10:12,450 --> 00:10:14,682 that made it all the more plausible. 196 00:10:14,682 --> 00:10:17,432 (dramatic music) 197 00:10:21,900 --> 00:10:24,250 The flight was the first in a series of test 198 00:10:24,250 --> 00:10:28,010 flights that will use a kinetic energy Aris Interceptor 199 00:10:28,010 --> 00:10:30,493 to destroy a simulated enemy warhead. 200 00:10:32,730 --> 00:10:34,460 We have these missiles that they couldn't stop 201 00:10:34,460 --> 00:10:35,900 and they have these missiles that we couldn't stop 202 00:10:35,900 --> 00:10:37,190 so nobody was going to go to war. 203 00:10:37,190 --> 00:10:38,140 Yeah mutually assured destruction 204 00:10:38,140 --> 00:10:39,580 Right and then all of a sudden we're saying, 205 00:10:39,580 --> 00:10:42,500 Aha, we've got this system, this incredibly expensive system 206 00:10:42,500 --> 00:10:44,100 that will stop your missiles and that 207 00:10:44,100 --> 00:10:45,820 will totally shift the balance of power, 208 00:10:45,820 --> 00:10:48,480 and that sent the Soviet Union into kind of a panic 209 00:10:48,480 --> 00:10:49,313 Right 210 00:10:50,760 --> 00:10:52,334 A quick look assessment of the first 211 00:10:52,334 --> 00:10:54,460 Aris Interceptor test flight, 212 00:10:54,460 --> 00:10:56,883 indicates it was a successful mission. 213 00:10:58,882 --> 00:11:01,950 (orchestra music) 214 00:11:01,950 --> 00:11:04,636 The White House doled out the goodies, 215 00:11:04,636 --> 00:11:08,160 contracts worth billions were awarded to companies 216 00:11:08,160 --> 00:11:10,733 in no less than 40 states. 217 00:11:12,380 --> 00:11:15,430 That leftist rag the Wall Street Journal reported 218 00:11:15,430 --> 00:11:17,750 the most effective support for Star Wars 219 00:11:17,750 --> 00:11:21,060 is being generated by good free enterprise greed 220 00:11:23,335 --> 00:11:24,168 (laser shooting) 221 00:11:24,168 --> 00:11:27,150 Whether or not SDI ever worked, 222 00:11:27,150 --> 00:11:29,620 Gorbachev believed it could 223 00:11:29,620 --> 00:11:31,370 and he knew he could never muster 224 00:11:31,370 --> 00:11:33,133 the resources to compete with it. 225 00:11:36,747 --> 00:11:38,670 (fast music) 226 00:11:38,670 --> 00:11:41,470 The United States, Gorbachev told his people 227 00:11:41,470 --> 00:11:44,530 wants to exhaust the Soviet Union economically, 228 00:11:44,530 --> 00:11:46,960 through an arms race in the most up to date 229 00:11:46,960 --> 00:11:49,123 and expensive space weapons. 230 00:11:51,230 --> 00:11:53,720 There's also a huge technological gap, 231 00:11:53,720 --> 00:11:56,497 by 1980 the personal computer revolution is on 232 00:11:56,497 --> 00:11:58,590 in the United States and we often sort of forget 233 00:11:58,590 --> 00:12:00,347 how revolutionary that was in everything, 234 00:12:00,347 --> 00:12:05,240 economics, education, information systems and so forth. 235 00:12:05,240 --> 00:12:08,480 And the Soviets were whetted to these 1960s gigantic, 236 00:12:08,480 --> 00:12:11,590 building sized IBM like computers, 237 00:12:11,590 --> 00:12:12,990 so they weren't able to make that, 238 00:12:12,990 --> 00:12:14,833 they knew they couldn't make that shift. 239 00:12:16,510 --> 00:12:20,350 Desperate to cut costs, Gorbachev devised a brilliant 240 00:12:20,350 --> 00:12:24,490 last ditch gambit, he offered to cut nuclear arsenals 241 00:12:24,490 --> 00:12:28,250 in half if the US dropped SDI 242 00:12:29,323 --> 00:12:31,790 (alarms) 243 00:12:31,790 --> 00:12:34,215 Panicked, the American Defense Industry 244 00:12:34,215 --> 00:12:36,420 went on red alert. 245 00:12:36,420 --> 00:12:39,710 It was a doomsday scenario, the loss of trillions 246 00:12:39,710 --> 00:12:43,093 of dollars from Star Wars and nukes. 247 00:12:46,680 --> 00:12:49,180 The military industrial complex went into overdrive 248 00:12:49,180 --> 00:12:52,423 to stop Reagan from taking the deal. 249 00:12:54,850 --> 00:12:56,260 Air Force One touched down 250 00:12:56,260 --> 00:12:58,440 at Keflavik Nato Base in Iceland tonight 251 00:12:58,440 --> 00:13:00,690 carrying Ronald Reagan on the twentieth 252 00:13:00,690 --> 00:13:02,842 and potentially most important foreign journey 253 00:13:02,842 --> 00:13:04,853 of his six year presidency. 254 00:13:06,120 --> 00:13:08,591 After nerve wracking suspense, 255 00:13:08,591 --> 00:13:13,560 the Reykjavik Summit ended in failure. 256 00:13:13,560 --> 00:13:15,493 Order had been restored. 257 00:13:17,048 --> 00:13:18,750 (chanting) 258 00:13:18,750 --> 00:13:23,520 Soon after in 1989 one Eastern Block country 259 00:13:23,520 --> 00:13:26,703 after another broke free from the Soviet Empire. 260 00:13:32,126 --> 00:13:34,376 (cheering) 261 00:13:42,120 --> 00:13:46,493 In Russia Gorbachev gave way to President Boris Yeltsin. 262 00:13:48,032 --> 00:13:50,199 (gunfire) 263 00:13:51,130 --> 00:13:54,770 That same year half a million American troops 264 00:13:54,770 --> 00:13:57,800 descended on the Persian Gulf. 265 00:13:57,800 --> 00:14:00,610 The United States and Russia joined forces 266 00:14:00,610 --> 00:14:02,960 to liberate oil rich Kuwait from 267 00:14:02,960 --> 00:14:05,056 the clutches of Saddam Hussein. 268 00:14:05,056 --> 00:14:07,473 (explosions) 269 00:14:10,010 --> 00:14:12,981 Listen to Master Sergeant J.P. Kendall 270 00:14:12,981 --> 00:14:14,750 of the 82nd Airborne, 271 00:14:14,750 --> 00:14:19,120 We're here for more than just the price of a gallon of gas 272 00:14:19,120 --> 00:14:22,840 what we're doing is going to chart the future of the world 273 00:14:22,840 --> 00:14:25,200 for the next hundred years. 274 00:14:25,200 --> 00:14:27,188 It's better to deal with this guy now, 275 00:14:27,188 --> 00:14:29,143 than five years from now. 276 00:14:30,075 --> 00:14:32,825 (dramatic music) 277 00:14:37,400 --> 00:14:42,260 American forces would soon spend two decades at war, 278 00:14:42,260 --> 00:14:47,193 from Moscow to the middle east, capitalism had won, 279 00:14:49,200 --> 00:14:53,523 but it would always, always keep fighting. 280 00:14:59,020 --> 00:15:01,850 A few months after the fall of the Soviet Union, 281 00:15:01,850 --> 00:15:05,970 Gorbachev attended the 75th anniversary celebration 282 00:15:05,970 --> 00:15:09,170 for Forbes magazine at Radio City Music Hall. 283 00:15:09,170 --> 00:15:12,570 He and Ronald Reagan both appeared to demonstrate 284 00:15:12,570 --> 00:15:14,380 their historic friendship and also because 285 00:15:14,380 --> 00:15:18,210 they were each paid two million dollars. 286 00:15:18,210 --> 00:15:21,430 Meanwhile, new Russian President, Boris Yeltsin, 287 00:15:21,430 --> 00:15:23,900 was trying to keep his country from staggering, 288 00:15:23,900 --> 00:15:28,410 as much as he did, now Yeltsin had grown up with 289 00:15:28,410 --> 00:15:31,020 Soviet Communism and was still a true believer. 290 00:15:31,020 --> 00:15:33,560 He thought capitalism was this savage system 291 00:15:33,560 --> 00:15:35,690 where all the wealth was horded by the elite, 292 00:15:35,690 --> 00:15:39,000 while the proletariat suffered. 293 00:15:39,000 --> 00:15:40,780 And then he took a trip to Houston 294 00:15:40,780 --> 00:15:45,690 and visited a supermarket, a proletarian supermarket. 295 00:15:45,690 --> 00:15:48,350 And he was amazed at all the fresh meat 296 00:15:48,350 --> 00:15:49,980 and produce and fish, 297 00:15:49,980 --> 00:15:53,270 the twenty different kinds of spaghetti sauce. 298 00:15:53,270 --> 00:15:57,260 He saw shapes of pasta, heretofore undreamt of by man, 299 00:15:57,260 --> 00:16:01,920 not even the czar himself had imagined such riches. 300 00:16:01,920 --> 00:16:04,050 On the flight back to Moscow, 301 00:16:04,050 --> 00:16:07,908 Yeltsin turned to his closest aid and quietly confessed 302 00:16:07,908 --> 00:16:11,523 that he was no longer a communist. 303 00:16:12,390 --> 00:16:16,623 Boris Yeltsin had learned to follow the money. 304 00:16:18,106 --> 00:16:20,773 (Russian music)