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00:00:07,360 --> 00:00:12,960
The Indian Ocean, home to the
world's most exotic islands...


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00:00:14,680 --> 00:00:16,600
..and beautiful and rare wildlife.


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00:00:19,440 --> 00:00:23,840
I'm travelling through 16 countries
around the edge of this vast ocean


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00:00:23,840 --> 00:00:27,840
that stretches 6,000 miles
from Africa to Australia.


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00:00:29,760 --> 00:00:34,840
Steeped in history, the Indian Ocean
is vital to world trade.


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00:00:34,840 --> 00:00:38,240
It's a journey of extremes,


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from stunning islands,


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across pirate-infested seas,


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00:00:43,840 --> 00:00:45,600
to remote villages...


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00:00:45,600 --> 00:00:47,200
Salama.


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..and war-torn lands.


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00:00:51,440 --> 00:00:54,000
GUNSHOT
What was that?


13
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This is a journey about much more
than just what's under the waves.


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It's about the lives
of the millions of people...


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..who live around this,
one of our greatest oceans.


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On this last leg of my journey,
I'm travelling through Indonesia


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and down the coast towards my final
destination in the southwest
of Australia.


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In the beautiful waters off Bali,


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I help to harvest
an ocean wonder crop.


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Aaaaah!


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In Jakarta, I go undercover


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to learn more about the disturbing
international trade in exotic pets.


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You are not happy, are you?
Poor things.


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And in the remote wilderness
of Western Australia,


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I have a close encounter
with an ancient predator...


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God, look at those teeth!


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Cor!


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..before I reach the end
of my entire Indian Ocean journey


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at spectacular Cape Leeuwin.


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I'm starting this final part
of my Indian Ocean journey here


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at the northern tip
of the Indonesian island of Sumatra.


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This is Aceh,
a beautiful region of Indonesia,


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which became known around the world


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because of one of the biggest
natural disasters in modern history.


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On Boxing Day, 2004,
a huge earthquake


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with the power of more than
20,000 atomic bombs


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shook the Indian Ocean
and triggered a tsunami.


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A giant wave rolled in here
and almost wiped this region
off the map.


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The Indian Ocean tsunami hit
the province of Aceh harder than
anywhere else.


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Almost 170,000 people
lost their lives here.


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The power of the giant wave tossed
boats and even huge ships miles
inland.


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Some have been left as poignant
reminders of the day the wave
struck.


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We're three miles inland here.
Three miles.


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I can see the sea in the distance
on the horizon


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and this ship carved its way
through the houses


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on the way to its resting place
here.


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But with the help of international
aid, Aceh's been rebuilt.


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It's once again
a thriving centre of trade.


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Aceh juts out into the Indian Ocean,
so, almost inevitably,


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this became a great trading centre.


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Merchants would travel
from across the seas


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to come here to buy spices,
timber, ivory and gold.


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In exchange, those merchants
brought their religion here.


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This is thought to be where Islam
first got a foothold in Indonesia.


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It spread out from this island
to the rest of the country


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and Indonesia is now the most
populous Islamic nation
on the planet.


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The vast majority of the 250 million
people in Indonesia are Muslim.


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Aceh is one of the most conservative
parts of the country


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and here they've introduced
Islamic or sharia law.


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MAN ISSUES ORDERS


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Sharia law means all aspects of life
are governed by an Islamic religious
code.


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This religious police squad is known
as the Vice and Virtue Patrol.


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So you're kindly going to allow us
to come with you


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on patrol, that's very good of you.


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So, we're out on patrol with the
squad. There's more vehicles
following behind us.


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Why do people call you
the Vice and Virtue Squad?


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TRANSLATION: We want the Koran
To become a positive force


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in people's lives.


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We want religious law
to govern our country.


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So, where are we heading to first?


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We're patrolling an area


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where we often find
unmarried couples cavorting.


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SIMON: The religious law in Aceh
says


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that unmarried couples are not
allowed out together without
supervision,


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and physical contact
is out of the question.


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We're stopping already,
not sure why.


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What's he doing?


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As we were driving along, he spotted
couples down on the river bank here


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and he's leapt off to go and, er...
well, catch them, I suppose.


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I think they saw him coming.


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So, there's a couple there
who are racing off.


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TRANSLATION: Yes, when we're on
patrol, and we spot people breaking
the law,


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they just run from us, ashamed.


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So, do you suspect they would be
an unmarried couple


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who were having
some sort of saucy courtship, then?


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Look, there's more going away,
they're racing off there
on scooters.


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TRANSLATION: Theyy wouldn't bother
running away if they were married


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or if they were brother and sister
from the same family.


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But are they really doing
something so wrong?


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Yes, according to Acehnese law,
they are.


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SIMON: The Vice and Virtue Squad
usually just issue youngsters with
warnings.


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But for persistent breaches of
religious law, the punishments can
be severe.


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There, there, there! Hello!


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There are public canings in Aceh,
and religious hardliners


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have called for adultery to be
punished by death by stoning.


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They've raced in there. I presume
that...they've spotted somebody
doing something quite serious.


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So, look, this guy with the long
hair, I think, is grassing...


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grassing up some teenagers.


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It looked like this young couple
were in real trouble.


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This is very surreal.


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Looks like they're leading them
away.


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She's being taken away.
Does she know what she did?


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What will happen to her?
Where will you take her?


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Scores and scores of people
have come to see


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this poor couple of kids
being taken away. It's, er...


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pretty much a public humiliation for
them, I think it's fair to say.


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And they're now being taken away
to the religious police HQ.


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From my European perspective,
it all seemed very odd
and rather sad.


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It just feels like
in this corner of Indonesia...


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..people are being denied
some of the basic delights of being


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a teenager and a young adult.


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The right to associate with who you
want, the right to meet boys
or meet girls.


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RELIGIOUS CHANTING


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Take our life in our hands.
You lead.
LAUGHS


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It was time for me to head on
with my guide, Shinta Okta.


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Hello, Shinta. Hi, Simon.


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Shinta's going to be my guide
across... well, across Indonesia.


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We're not going to visit every
island because there are...


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How many islands in Indonesia?


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Almost 17,500.


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We must be accurate about this.
Yeah, yeah.


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No island should be missed.


123
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All right, but we're not going to be
able to visit very many of them,
because you were just telling me...


124
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How long would it take
if you visited an island a day?


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48 years.


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00:10:09,400 --> 00:10:13,600
We haven't got that long,
but we'll see a bit of the country.


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Shinta took me to the fish market
in the region's capital, Banda Aceh.


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00:10:26,600 --> 00:10:30,040
I've tried to visit as many fish
markets as I can around the Indian
Ocean


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00:10:30,040 --> 00:10:34,080
because they tell you so much about,
not only life around the sea,


130
00:10:34,080 --> 00:10:38,040
but life in it as well -
what's happening to life in it.


131
00:10:38,040 --> 00:10:43,200
The fishermen told me they now have
to travel as far as the sea off
Burma to fish


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because marine life in this part of
the Indian Ocean has been severely
depleted.


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Good God!


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He's bringing a ray in.


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They've got a shark here.


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00:10:56,040 --> 00:10:58,360
I would have just seen this
as a frightening fish


137
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when I started this journey.
Now, seeing it here,


138
00:11:02,600 --> 00:11:06,360
it's like seeing a lion or a tiger
on a slab -


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apex predator of the seas.


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00:11:10,840 --> 00:11:13,560
Still with its fins on,
but not for long.


141
00:11:16,040 --> 00:11:18,280
Since the start
of my Indian Ocean journey,


142
00:11:18,280 --> 00:11:20,760
I'd regularly seen local fishermen


143
00:11:20,760 --> 00:11:24,800
pulling sharks out of the ocean
and slicing off their fins.


144
00:11:24,800 --> 00:11:27,360
Millions of sharks are taken from
our seas every month,


145
00:11:27,360 --> 00:11:31,720
and Indonesia is the major global
player in this tragic trade.


146
00:11:33,880 --> 00:11:38,840
Indonesia is the biggest
shark-fishing and shark-finning
country in the world.


147
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They're the central ingredient in
shark fin soup - a Chinese/Asian
delicacy.


148
00:11:47,200 --> 00:11:49,840
It's a fairly obscene trade, but...


149
00:11:49,840 --> 00:11:54,920
you try telling that to a poor
Indonesian fisherman who's trying
to feed his family.


150
00:12:02,480 --> 00:12:06,120
It's not just Indonesia's ocean
wildlife that's under threat.


151
00:12:08,800 --> 00:12:10,440
Ohh!


152
00:12:11,640 --> 00:12:13,320
Good to go?
Yeah, ready, sir.


153
00:12:16,920 --> 00:12:20,960
On land too, these islands are home
to endangered and beautiful animals,


154
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including tigers, rhinos and
orang-utans.


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I left Banda Aceh and headed to
the neighbouring Indonesian island
of Java,


156
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the most heavily populated island
on Earth,


157
00:12:33,840 --> 00:12:36,160
in search of one very special
creature.


158
00:12:38,440 --> 00:12:43,600
Java was once cloaked in a giant
and almost impenetrable rainforest.


159
00:12:43,600 --> 00:12:46,520
But most of this habitat
has been annihilated


160
00:12:46,520 --> 00:12:48,520
by the growing human population.


161
00:12:48,520 --> 00:12:53,080
Forests have been destroyed in
Indonesia faster than anywhere in
the world.


162
00:12:55,240 --> 00:12:56,920
Look at that.


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We're on the edge of a village now,


164
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just a couple of hundred metres
from where people are living,


165
00:13:04,040 --> 00:13:09,040
and of course, they chop the trees
to give themselves somewhere
to farm.


166
00:13:09,040 --> 00:13:12,760
It's not actually that we are close
to the village, it's that the
village


167
00:13:12,760 --> 00:13:14,360
is too close to the forest.


168
00:13:14,360 --> 00:13:16,000
SIMON LAUGHS
Yeah?


169
00:13:16,000 --> 00:13:21,800
So, I mean, like, this is a problem
of the population here in Java.


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00:13:21,800 --> 00:13:26,800
Karmele Sanchez is a Spanish
veterinary scientist working
for the charity


171
00:13:26,800 --> 00:13:28,680
International Animal Rescue.


172
00:13:28,680 --> 00:13:32,160
She was taking me high into
a protected pocket of rainforest


173
00:13:32,160 --> 00:13:35,200
to see one of the rarest and most
bizarre animals on the planet.


174
00:13:35,200 --> 00:13:37,560
I think I've sweated about a pint
already.


175
00:13:46,360 --> 00:13:49,640
Up here, Karmele and her team
have built an enclosure,


176
00:13:49,640 --> 00:13:52,520
where they hang bait
to tempt the mysterious animal


177
00:13:52,520 --> 00:13:54,480
down from the forest canopy.


178
00:14:02,520 --> 00:14:03,960
So, now we wait.


179
00:14:06,880 --> 00:14:10,240
As darkness fell, we switched
our cameras to night vision.


180
00:14:21,360 --> 00:14:23,920
KARMELE: Yes, there... Now.
You see? Now, now, now...


181
00:14:23,920 --> 00:14:25,560
You can see the eyes, yes.


182
00:14:30,120 --> 00:14:35,440
The Javan slow loris is among the 25
most endangered primates
in the world.


183
00:14:35,440 --> 00:14:39,680
In just three generations,
numbers have collapsed by a half.


184
00:14:39,680 --> 00:14:43,360
He's coming down, he's coming down.
He's coming down?!


185
00:14:45,840 --> 00:14:47,040
Hello.


186
00:14:48,800 --> 00:14:51,720
He spreads his weight carefully,
look.


187
00:14:51,720 --> 00:14:56,240
With this wind,
look how he can balance his body.


188
00:14:56,240 --> 00:15:00,840
A nocturnal animal, the slow loris
is a master tree climber.


189
00:15:02,760 --> 00:15:05,160
Well, he's having a good scratch.


190
00:15:13,440 --> 00:15:17,560
You must get enormous satisfaction
from seeing this.


191
00:15:17,560 --> 00:15:21,040
I mean, this is what it makes
everything worth.


192
00:15:31,560 --> 00:15:35,800
For more than five years, Karmele
and the team from International
Animal Rescue


193
00:15:35,800 --> 00:15:38,520
have been working to protect
slow lorises.


194
00:15:38,520 --> 00:15:40,920
She knows many of them by name.


195
00:15:40,920 --> 00:15:43,480
Our visitor was called Willis.


196
00:15:43,480 --> 00:15:46,680
Willis - I think he's decided
to come down the tree.


197
00:15:46,680 --> 00:15:48,840
You've got to see this.


198
00:15:48,840 --> 00:15:50,200
Here he comes!


199
00:15:57,640 --> 00:16:00,680
While Willis scoffed his treat,
the scientists caught him.


200
00:16:03,640 --> 00:16:06,480
The battery in his tracking collar
needed replacing.


201
00:16:06,480 --> 00:16:08,480
Good lad.


202
00:16:09,640 --> 00:16:12,440
Then they did a few basic tests
to check his health.


203
00:16:20,640 --> 00:16:22,240
That's a fantastic sign.


204
00:16:27,560 --> 00:16:28,960
Bye-bye, Willis.


205
00:16:34,600 --> 00:16:37,400
Willis is headed back up
into the trees.


206
00:16:37,400 --> 00:16:43,440
It was a real...privilege to see
this because it is a remarkable
success story.


207
00:16:44,680 --> 00:16:46,080
Around the Indian Ocean,


208
00:16:46,080 --> 00:16:49,600
forests are being cleared for
farming and chopped for timber.


209
00:16:49,600 --> 00:16:54,160
Animals are losing their habitat
and their numbers are collapsing.


210
00:16:54,160 --> 00:16:57,280
But there's another huge threat
to creatures like Willis -


211
00:16:57,280 --> 00:17:00,240
the illegal global trade
in exotic pets.


212
00:17:00,240 --> 00:17:03,240
So, how many lorises
have you actually got here?


213
00:17:03,240 --> 00:17:05,800
90.
Where have they all come from?


214
00:17:05,800 --> 00:17:10,480
They all come from
the illegal wildlife trade.


215
00:17:10,480 --> 00:17:12,400
All of them?
All of them, yeah.


216
00:17:14,320 --> 00:17:18,600
They often arrive here
with horrific injuries.


217
00:17:18,600 --> 00:17:19,800
Look at this.


218
00:17:23,640 --> 00:17:26,000
This is a toothless loris.


219
00:17:26,000 --> 00:17:28,600
And the reason
it doesn't have any teeth there


220
00:17:28,600 --> 00:17:31,000
is because somebody
has cut its teeth out.


221
00:17:31,000 --> 00:17:34,680
Mm-hm, you see. Bad trading.


222
00:17:37,800 --> 00:17:41,080
They're surely among the top ten
cutest creatures on the planet.


223
00:17:42,840 --> 00:17:45,040
And therein lies their problem.


224
00:17:45,040 --> 00:17:49,680
They may look cute, but they're wild
animals with a painful
and venomous bite,


225
00:17:49,680 --> 00:17:51,320
unique among primates.


226
00:17:51,320 --> 00:17:56,920
So pet traders cruelly rip out their
teeth with pliers before selling
them on.


227
00:17:56,920 --> 00:18:00,240
Who's buying them? It's normally
people from middle class.


228
00:18:00,240 --> 00:18:03,160
They just see them in the markets,
they think they are cute


229
00:18:03,160 --> 00:18:05,320
and they just buy them,
they keep them as pets.


230
00:18:05,320 --> 00:18:07,240
That's illegal, isn't it? It is.


231
00:18:07,240 --> 00:18:09,080
How do they get away with it?


232
00:18:09,080 --> 00:18:12,400
The same as the animals...
are not just traders,


233
00:18:12,400 --> 00:18:17,080
they are sometimes big mafias
and networks of people,


234
00:18:17,080 --> 00:18:20,240
probably in quite high up positions,
you know.


235
00:18:20,240 --> 00:18:22,240
It's a very profitable business.


236
00:18:22,240 --> 00:18:26,920
It's a business worth
up to 10 billion a year globally.


237
00:18:26,920 --> 00:18:32,600
Wildlife trade is definitely
one of the top illegal activities


238
00:18:32,600 --> 00:18:34,800
after drugs and arms.


239
00:18:37,320 --> 00:18:41,600
12 hours ago, we were up that
mountain with Willis the loris.


240
00:18:43,000 --> 00:18:45,160
Now we're down here
with millions of people.


241
00:18:52,880 --> 00:18:55,400
Shinta and I headed towards Jakarta,


242
00:18:55,400 --> 00:18:58,160
Indonesia's vast capital city,


243
00:18:58,160 --> 00:19:01,440
to find out more about this hugely
damaging illegal trade in wildlife.


244
00:19:10,360 --> 00:19:12,560
This is the real Indonesia.


245
00:19:14,440 --> 00:19:16,480
I expected more seats.


246
00:19:16,480 --> 00:19:21,080
More than 30 million people
live in the area around this city.


247
00:19:21,080 --> 00:19:23,960
Most of them seem to be on our
train.


248
00:19:26,920 --> 00:19:29,040
Where the hell are they going?


249
00:19:29,040 --> 00:19:32,240
To the roof.
They're going to the roof?


250
00:19:32,240 --> 00:19:33,760
Yeah.


251
00:19:33,760 --> 00:19:36,440
I'll sit on your bag
and you stand the whole way.


252
00:19:36,440 --> 00:19:39,040
What a gentleman, Simon(!)


253
00:19:41,160 --> 00:19:43,560
HORN BLARES


254
00:19:47,720 --> 00:19:49,640
Vibrant and exciting.


255
00:19:49,640 --> 00:19:52,800
Jakarta's the centre
of the booming Indonesian economy.


256
00:19:57,880 --> 00:20:00,600
But I'd heard about a pet market
in the centre of town


257
00:20:00,600 --> 00:20:03,120
with a reputation
for selling endangered species.


258
00:20:06,200 --> 00:20:11,040
It's an open street market,
but I've been warned that
violent criminal gangs control it


259
00:20:11,040 --> 00:20:13,120
and our TV cameras would not be
welcome,


260
00:20:13,120 --> 00:20:17,040
so it was time to go undercover
with hidden cameras.


261
00:20:17,040 --> 00:20:18,720
My God.


262
00:20:22,520 --> 00:20:27,120
The conditions they're being held in
are totally inappropriate
for any creature.


263
00:20:29,520 --> 00:20:31,440
You are not happy, are you?


264
00:20:31,440 --> 00:20:32,880
You poor things.


265
00:20:32,880 --> 00:20:37,200
Thousands of creatures are sold here
and many of them


266
00:20:37,200 --> 00:20:38,800
are smuggled out of the country.


267
00:20:38,800 --> 00:20:43,480
Among the birds and domestic
animals, we saw cages containing
long-tailed macaques,


268
00:20:43,480 --> 00:20:48,760
leaf monkeys and even eagles
in cramped, unhealthy conditions.


269
00:20:48,760 --> 00:20:50,920
Within a few minutes,
we'd spotted slow lorises.


270
00:20:50,920 --> 00:20:54,680
So, this is an endangered
slow loris.


271
00:20:55,680 --> 00:20:57,400
It's rare, it's endangered...


272
00:20:59,400 --> 00:21:01,760
...and it's for sale
by the side of the main road.


273
00:21:03,640 --> 00:21:05,400
500,000?


274
00:21:05,400 --> 00:21:08,520
So, that's less than £50. Yes.


275
00:21:08,520 --> 00:21:10,600
£40.


276
00:21:10,600 --> 00:21:15,760
I was told that traders in the area
can supply orang-utans
and even tigers,


277
00:21:15,760 --> 00:21:19,000
creatures that are on the brink
of extinction in parts of Indonesia.


278
00:21:23,680 --> 00:21:28,200
I think what's really amazing about
that situation is those animals
are for sale


279
00:21:28,200 --> 00:21:32,880
next to the main road
in the centre of the capital city.


280
00:21:32,880 --> 00:21:36,960
Why is the Indonesian government
not doing something to stop it?


281
00:21:47,440 --> 00:21:52,960
It was time to leave Java and head
towards the Indian Ocean paradise
island of Bali.


282
00:21:58,160 --> 00:22:02,440
But I was bypassing the tourist
resorts this area is famous for.


283
00:22:02,440 --> 00:22:04,000
Instead, I took a boat


284
00:22:04,000 --> 00:22:06,040
to the tiny island
of Nusa Lembongan.


285
00:22:09,480 --> 00:22:12,920
This place looks amazing.


286
00:22:16,160 --> 00:22:18,840
You can see there's a few huts here


287
00:22:18,840 --> 00:22:23,160
for tourists who make it over
to this island from Bali,


288
00:22:23,160 --> 00:22:27,880
but the vast majority of the people
here are involved not in tourism


289
00:22:27,880 --> 00:22:30,520
but in a rather different trade.


290
00:22:30,520 --> 00:22:34,000
I'd come to this far corner
of the Indian Ocean


291
00:22:34,000 --> 00:22:36,320
to learn about an unlikely treasure
of the seas,


292
00:22:36,320 --> 00:22:40,080
found everywhere, that could have
huge implications for all of us,


293
00:22:40,080 --> 00:22:43,600
for how we eat, and for what we use
to power our cars and vehicles.


294
00:22:43,600 --> 00:22:45,840
Simon, this is Wyan.


295
00:22:45,840 --> 00:22:48,680
Wyan? Simon. Very nice to meet you,
sir.


296
00:22:50,040 --> 00:22:53,240
Wyan Simon and his wife Evelu
are farmers.


297
00:22:53,240 --> 00:22:55,960
But they don't plough the land
or tend animals.


298
00:22:55,960 --> 00:22:57,360
Hello. Simon.


299
00:22:57,360 --> 00:22:59,320
Hello! Do I get a handshake?


300
00:22:59,320 --> 00:23:00,800
LAUGHTER


301
00:23:00,800 --> 00:23:02,120
Do I get a handshake?


302
00:23:02,120 --> 00:23:04,320
Their crop comes out
of the Indian Ocean.


303
00:23:15,360 --> 00:23:19,200
Wyan took Shinta and I
out to see his farm in the sea.


304
00:23:21,160 --> 00:23:24,560
The water here is amazingly clear.


305
00:23:24,560 --> 00:23:28,520
It's like we're going over the top
of a series of gardens.


306
00:23:41,880 --> 00:23:49,040
There's seaweed, tied onto bits of
rope, attached to the sea bed!


307
00:23:49,040 --> 00:23:51,400
It's like an underwater allotment.


308
00:23:53,320 --> 00:23:57,560
Captain! What do we need to do?
What work needs to be done
that I can help with?


309
00:24:04,200 --> 00:24:07,200
SIMON LAUGHS


310
00:24:07,200 --> 00:24:10,760
OK? OK, let's go! I'll help.
OK!


311
00:24:10,760 --> 00:24:12,240
SHE LAUGHS


312
00:24:19,640 --> 00:24:23,640
Wyan and the other islanders here
grow edible seaweed,


313
00:24:23,640 --> 00:24:27,000
and it's a pretty simple process.


314
00:24:27,000 --> 00:24:30,560
Seaweed cuttings
are tied onto a line of string.


315
00:24:30,560 --> 00:24:33,840
They grow by using sunlight
for energy,


316
00:24:33,840 --> 00:24:37,200
and by absorbing nutrients
from the sea as food.


317
00:24:43,840 --> 00:24:47,960
This doesn't need
lots of land space to grow it,


318
00:24:47,960 --> 00:24:51,960
it doesn't need awful
artificial fertilisers,


319
00:24:51,960 --> 00:24:54,240
it doesn't need lots of fresh water.


320
00:24:56,560 --> 00:24:59,280
It just grows in the sea.


321
00:25:02,880 --> 00:25:04,920
Seaweed is amazing.


322
00:25:04,920 --> 00:25:07,040
THEY LAUGH


323
00:25:08,400 --> 00:25:10,560
Aaaaah!


324
00:25:11,560 --> 00:25:13,880
SHE LAUGHS


325
00:25:15,560 --> 00:25:17,880
Thank you, Simon.


326
00:25:19,400 --> 00:25:22,360
This seaweed
is something of a wonder crop


327
00:25:22,360 --> 00:25:24,960
and many experts think we need
to be eating a lot more of it


328
00:25:24,960 --> 00:25:28,120
because it's so easy to grow
and it's a good source of vitamins,


329
00:25:28,120 --> 00:25:30,520
minerals and protein.


330
00:25:30,520 --> 00:25:33,760
Perhaps most excitingly of all,


331
00:25:33,760 --> 00:25:38,360
scientists have now worked out
how to convert seaweed into ethanol,


332
00:25:38,360 --> 00:25:41,840
which can be used
as an alternative to petrol.


333
00:25:42,880 --> 00:25:46,920
It has...enormous potential.


334
00:25:48,440 --> 00:25:54,000
Seaweed could actually help us to
resolve some of our most pressing
global issues.


335
00:25:54,000 --> 00:25:57,720
You're already using seaweed extract


336
00:25:57,720 --> 00:26:02,200
in dozens of products
ranging from ice cream to cheese,


337
00:26:02,200 --> 00:26:04,320
even in your toothpaste.


338
00:26:04,320 --> 00:26:08,200
The seaweed trade is already worth
billions of pounds every year,


339
00:26:08,200 --> 00:26:10,720
but it's going to get a lot bigger.


340
00:26:10,720 --> 00:26:13,360
Wyan's seaweed is sold around
the world


341
00:26:13,360 --> 00:26:16,520
to China, Hong Kong
and as far afield as Denmark.


342
00:26:16,520 --> 00:26:18,480
It's a good business to be in.


343
00:26:20,360 --> 00:26:24,080
TRANSLATION:
It's been brilliant since day one.


344
00:26:24,080 --> 00:26:28,440
Now we can pay
for our children's clothes,
we can eat. We're very happy.


345
00:26:30,080 --> 00:26:34,280
Family's happy, missus is happy,
children are being educated.


346
00:26:34,280 --> 00:26:37,960
Exactly!
Everybody's doing well out of it.


347
00:26:46,960 --> 00:26:50,200
People are making a great living,
not from fishing,


348
00:26:50,200 --> 00:26:53,160
but from farming seaweed.


349
00:26:54,920 --> 00:26:56,880
Who'd have thought it, eh?


350
00:27:00,040 --> 00:27:01,400
Every day,


351
00:27:01,400 --> 00:27:03,520
the people of Nusa Lembongan
give thanks


352
00:27:03,520 --> 00:27:06,400
for the prosperity
the Indian Ocean brings them.


353
00:27:07,960 --> 00:27:15,040
This is such a fantastic little
story to encounter on our journey.


354
00:27:23,080 --> 00:27:26,760
I've seen so much suffering
and so many problems


355
00:27:26,760 --> 00:27:29,840
as we've been travelling around
the Indian Ocean.


356
00:27:29,840 --> 00:27:34,080
We've visited so many communities
that are just about clinging on,


357
00:27:34,080 --> 00:27:36,680
even as the fish stocks they rely on
are being wiped out.


358
00:27:38,400 --> 00:27:43,320
I'm really delighted to have found
at least one solution
to the problems


359
00:27:43,320 --> 00:27:45,800
facing our oceans,
and our world, here,


360
00:27:45,800 --> 00:27:48,160
in this little corner of paradise.


361
00:27:48,160 --> 00:27:50,600
Feels appropriate, somehow.


362
00:27:51,720 --> 00:27:52,880
Whoa!


363
00:27:56,520 --> 00:27:58,000
Magnificent sight!


364
00:27:59,600 --> 00:28:01,560
The Indian Ocean rolling in.


365
00:28:10,280 --> 00:28:16,680
I left Indonesia behind and headed
to the last country on my travels,
Australia.


366
00:28:16,680 --> 00:28:20,680
My next stop was the Kimberley
region of Western Australia.


367
00:28:20,680 --> 00:28:24,960
I was 1,500 miles from the finishing
line for my entire Indian Ocean
journey.


368
00:28:27,680 --> 00:28:31,280
And I'd arrived somewhere
completely spectacular.


369
00:28:31,280 --> 00:28:35,400
The Kimberley is more than three
times the size of England


370
00:28:35,400 --> 00:28:39,040
and one of the last remaining
true wilderness areas on our planet.


371
00:28:41,120 --> 00:28:43,880
That's where we're headed,
down to that beautiful island.


372
00:28:45,680 --> 00:28:49,520
This archipelago is made up of
thousands of Indian Ocean islands,


373
00:28:49,520 --> 00:28:51,640
most of them uninhabited.


374
00:28:58,720 --> 00:29:04,080
I'd come to meet a few of the rugged
outback types hardy enough
to work here.


375
00:29:04,080 --> 00:29:06,240
Bloody hell, Benno, what a place to
work!


376
00:29:06,240 --> 00:29:08,600
Pretty amazing, isn't it, mate?


377
00:29:11,920 --> 00:29:14,680
Ben Little and his team are
fish farmers.


378
00:29:14,680 --> 00:29:16,160
He told me their cages were packed


379
00:29:16,160 --> 00:29:18,920
with one of Australia's favourite
fish, the barramundi -


380
00:29:18,920 --> 00:29:22,200
apparently up to 45,000 per cage.


381
00:29:22,200 --> 00:29:25,760
There's one, certainly. There's one.
There's definitely more than that!


382
00:29:25,760 --> 00:29:27,240
Oh, I've seen two.


383
00:29:28,400 --> 00:29:29,560
45,000?


384
00:29:29,560 --> 00:29:31,160
Yeah. Where the hell are they?


385
00:29:31,160 --> 00:29:34,880
They're in there. When we get
feeding, you'll see the fish come up.


386
00:29:34,880 --> 00:29:37,440
MECHANICAL WHIRRING


387
00:29:39,360 --> 00:29:42,480
He's firing the feed! I mean...


388
00:29:43,720 --> 00:29:45,120
Oi, oi!


389
00:29:45,120 --> 00:29:47,240
Mind the camera, sunshine!


390
00:29:47,240 --> 00:29:48,640
LAUGHTER


391
00:29:48,640 --> 00:29:51,680
He's a cheeky bugger!
Yeah, he's deliberately doing that!


392
00:29:51,680 --> 00:29:52,880
These are targeted!


393
00:29:54,560 --> 00:29:57,840
They minimise the impact of their
farm on this spectacular corner


394
00:29:57,840 --> 00:30:01,640
of the Indian Ocean by monitoring
the amount of food pumped
into the cages,


395
00:30:01,640 --> 00:30:03,720
reducing waste and pollution.


396
00:30:03,720 --> 00:30:07,360
So it's good for business
and for the environment.


397
00:30:07,360 --> 00:30:09,000
We need Benno in here.


398
00:30:09,000 --> 00:30:11,400
You can see a turtle
in the water Just here.


399
00:30:13,280 --> 00:30:16,520
Coming up? Hello!
Keeping our ropes clean.


400
00:30:16,520 --> 00:30:20,080
He's nibbling off all the algae. One
thing we don't have to worry about.


401
00:30:20,080 --> 00:30:22,640
That's great! Yeah, they love it.


402
00:30:22,640 --> 00:30:26,120
Fish farm and environment
working in harmony.


403
00:30:29,920 --> 00:30:32,600
Ah, it's great to see.


404
00:30:34,440 --> 00:30:36,080
But some of the locals


405
00:30:36,080 --> 00:30:37,760
are not so welcome.


406
00:30:39,600 --> 00:30:44,240
The saltwater crocodile, or salty,
is the largest croc in the world,


407
00:30:44,240 --> 00:30:45,720
and the most dangerous.


408
00:30:49,160 --> 00:30:51,600
Just here, is that one there?
Yeah, these are small ones.


409
00:30:51,600 --> 00:30:54,280
Probably, maybe seven foot.
A small one?


410
00:30:54,280 --> 00:30:56,200
Yeah.


411
00:30:56,200 --> 00:30:59,400
Often more than five metres long
and weighing as much as a ton,


412
00:30:59,400 --> 00:31:04,240
these crocodiles are cunning,
fearless and hunt almost anything
that moves,


413
00:31:04,240 --> 00:31:06,440
including workers at the fish farm.


414
00:31:06,440 --> 00:31:10,160
At any given point in time, you can
see them sitting on the collars of
the cages,


415
00:31:10,160 --> 00:31:11,520
like, sitting on the edges.


416
00:31:11,520 --> 00:31:13,680
About two months ago,


417
00:31:13,680 --> 00:31:17,440
I think we had one break through
a net while there was a diver
in the water.


418
00:31:17,440 --> 00:31:20,560
Needless to say,
he got out of the water pretty quick!


419
00:31:20,560 --> 00:31:24,240
Yes, that's a pretty one-sided
cage fight, isn't it?


420
00:31:24,240 --> 00:31:27,560
Should I be standing a bit further
back from the edge?
No, I think you'd be fine.


421
00:31:27,560 --> 00:31:29,000
What do you mean, you THINK?


422
00:31:29,000 --> 00:31:31,160
Well, no-one else has been done yet!


423
00:31:31,160 --> 00:31:33,480
Let's just move a little bit away.


424
00:31:33,480 --> 00:31:36,320
It kind of gets to the point
where you step off a boat


425
00:31:36,320 --> 00:31:38,240
and you're a bit unsure of
where to look.


426
00:31:38,240 --> 00:31:40,720
They tend to pop up out of nowhere
and you're like,


427
00:31:40,720 --> 00:31:43,600
you know, "Where did you come from?"


428
00:31:43,600 --> 00:31:45,400
Definitely stalking us, for sure.


429
00:31:45,400 --> 00:31:49,960
Saltwater crocodiles were once
hunted to near-extinction,


430
00:31:49,960 --> 00:31:51,840
but conservation efforts


431
00:31:51,840 --> 00:31:54,640
have led to a recovery
in their numbers and around here,


432
00:31:54,640 --> 00:31:58,240
they've become a very real threat
to the workers on the fish farm.


433
00:32:02,040 --> 00:32:04,760
So, they've called
in the croc catcher.


434
00:32:06,120 --> 00:32:09,400
Morning. Thank you.
Welcome to the Kimberley.


435
00:32:09,400 --> 00:32:12,280
Thank you very much indeed.
Marshall? Simon, nice to meet you.


436
00:32:12,280 --> 00:32:13,400
How are you going, mate?


437
00:32:13,400 --> 00:32:15,880
Hello. Simon, nice to meet you.
Good to meet you, mate.


438
00:32:15,880 --> 00:32:18,360
Mark Jones and his mates
have years of experience


439
00:32:18,360 --> 00:32:20,640
working with crocodiles
in the Kimberley area.


440
00:32:20,640 --> 00:32:23,600
These are their essential supplies.


441
00:32:23,600 --> 00:32:25,200
Just for breakfast, I imagine!


442
00:32:25,200 --> 00:32:27,400
I'm sure you're quite happy to
share, aren't you?


443
00:32:27,400 --> 00:32:29,280
Well...


444
00:32:29,280 --> 00:32:30,560
SIMON LAUGHS


445
00:32:33,880 --> 00:32:38,720
In this camp, they haven't had
any crocs walk into their camp...yet.


446
00:32:38,720 --> 00:32:43,720
But certainly in the other camps
around the Kimberley, they are known
to come in.


447
00:32:43,720 --> 00:32:46,400
Is their concern justified?


448
00:32:46,400 --> 00:32:49,360
Well, there's been a lot of people
killed by them


449
00:32:49,360 --> 00:32:53,080
and they are, as we say in Australia,
as cunning as a toilet rat.


450
00:32:53,080 --> 00:32:57,800
Previously, they used to shoot
the animals and indeed a licence
was given here,


451
00:32:57,800 --> 00:33:00,480
but now, they're coming to us
and saying,


452
00:33:00,480 --> 00:33:04,880
"Can you remove this animal?" and
we do it in a way that saves
the animal,


453
00:33:04,880 --> 00:33:10,480
looks after the people here and both
animal and human can coexist.


454
00:33:10,480 --> 00:33:14,440
No matter how much
many of us might fear them,


455
00:33:14,440 --> 00:33:17,520
crocodiles are a vital part
of the ecosystem here


456
00:33:17,520 --> 00:33:20,240
and Mark works to control their
numbers without harming them.


457
00:33:22,200 --> 00:33:25,120
So, this is our vessel for the
evening.


458
00:33:25,120 --> 00:33:28,000
Is it big enough?
So, this is luxury!


459
00:33:28,000 --> 00:33:31,160
Flippin' heck!
LAUGHS


460
00:33:31,160 --> 00:33:35,800
I'd agreed to go out
on a crocodile hunt at night


461
00:33:35,800 --> 00:33:38,280
and it seemed I was going to be
in the thick of the action.


462
00:33:38,280 --> 00:33:40,480
You're right in the front,
you're kneeling down,


463
00:33:40,480 --> 00:33:42,800
I'm over the top of you with the
harpoon.


464
00:33:42,800 --> 00:33:45,040
You're near me with a weapon
and I've got the light.


465
00:33:45,040 --> 00:33:47,280
So, I'm like the tethered goat.


466
00:33:47,280 --> 00:33:51,040
Your last line of defence,
if the crocodile was to come at you,


467
00:33:51,040 --> 00:33:53,280
is to throw the light down its mouth.


468
00:33:53,280 --> 00:33:57,120
Brilliant. You can just stop
laughing, mate, all right?


469
00:33:57,120 --> 00:33:59,200
It might work!


470
00:33:59,200 --> 00:34:00,680
LAUGHTER


471
00:34:00,680 --> 00:34:04,000
Anything above six foot
is a dangerous animal,


472
00:34:04,000 --> 00:34:06,280
so yeah, we do have to have
our wits about us.


473
00:34:12,120 --> 00:34:15,840
As the sun set and we switched our
cameras to night vision,


474
00:34:15,840 --> 00:34:18,200
the mood became more serious.


475
00:34:18,200 --> 00:34:20,440
Can I have everyone's attention,
please?


476
00:34:20,440 --> 00:34:24,320
When you find one, Simon, you must
keep that spotlight on that animal's
eyes.


477
00:34:24,320 --> 00:34:28,080
If you remove it from his eyes,
he'll then take flight.


478
00:34:28,080 --> 00:34:31,280
We'll motor into the animal,
heading straight into him.


479
00:34:31,280 --> 00:34:34,960
When we come up close to the animal,
we'll cut the engine
and we'll glide in,


480
00:34:34,960 --> 00:34:38,160
hit it in the back...in the neck,
it doesn't hurt the animal at all.


481
00:34:38,160 --> 00:34:39,920
I'll have the lasso ready.


482
00:34:39,920 --> 00:34:42,600
Once we've got that on and secured,
he's ours.


483
00:34:46,640 --> 00:34:50,440
In the darkness, we began searching,
hunting the hunters.


484
00:34:52,600 --> 00:34:54,760
Good luck, everybody.


485
00:35:05,920 --> 00:35:07,840
THEY WHISPER


486
00:35:07,840 --> 00:35:09,920
I don't want to fall in.
Don't fall in!


487
00:35:09,920 --> 00:35:13,200
Don't fall in! Rule number one!


488
00:35:13,200 --> 00:35:14,880
There. Oh, yeah.


489
00:35:14,880 --> 00:35:16,400
There it is.


490
00:35:16,400 --> 00:35:20,640
Shh! Shh! Straight ahead.
Straight ahead. Straight ahead.


491
00:35:20,640 --> 00:35:24,720
Mark and the team hunt the crocs
by mesmerising them with a bright
light.


492
00:35:24,720 --> 00:35:28,160
Then the plan was for us to drift in
close enough to attach a line to it


493
00:35:28,160 --> 00:35:29,880
with a harpoon.


494
00:35:29,880 --> 00:35:33,080
We're getting quite close now,
aren't we?


495
00:35:38,600 --> 00:35:40,720
Keep on him, Simon.
Keep on him. Keep on him.


496
00:35:40,720 --> 00:35:42,600
Keep on him.


497
00:35:42,600 --> 00:35:45,240
Keep on him, keep on him,
keep on him.


498
00:35:45,240 --> 00:35:47,520
All right, back off, mate,
if you can.


499
00:35:57,000 --> 00:35:58,400
All right.


500
00:35:58,400 --> 00:36:01,040
They can hear the water
lapping on the edge of the boat.


501
00:36:01,040 --> 00:36:03,080
They're bloody clever, aren't they?


502
00:36:03,080 --> 00:36:07,000
They've been around people,
so they're very cagey.


503
00:36:45,760 --> 00:36:47,720
Let it go. Let go, let go, let go.


504
00:36:47,720 --> 00:36:49,960
Other hand line. Get the other hand
line.


505
00:36:51,760 --> 00:36:53,320
All right.


506
00:36:53,320 --> 00:36:55,720
He's out front. Here he is.


507
00:36:55,720 --> 00:36:58,440
Just go with it, don't pull too hard.
Don't pull too hard.


508
00:36:58,440 --> 00:37:00,080
SIGHS


509
00:37:03,080 --> 00:37:05,320
There he is, on the surface there.


510
00:37:05,320 --> 00:37:08,840
He doesn't seem overly concerned
by the fact he's got a line in him.


511
00:37:08,840 --> 00:37:12,640
It can't be hurting him because he's
not thrashing around or anything.


512
00:37:12,640 --> 00:37:16,760
The harpoon sits just under the
tough skin on the back of the
salty's neck,


513
00:37:16,760 --> 00:37:19,800
holding it firm, but not harming it.


514
00:37:19,800 --> 00:37:22,120
It's coming up, it's coming up,
it's coming up.


515
00:37:22,120 --> 00:37:24,000
Right here. There he is, just there!


516
00:37:24,000 --> 00:37:25,880
Whoa!


517
00:37:27,000 --> 00:37:30,600
Now it's just a case of waiting
till he gets tired.


518
00:37:30,600 --> 00:37:32,840
There is a croc at
the end of this line.


519
00:37:34,320 --> 00:37:36,360
How big do you think he is, or she?


520
00:37:36,360 --> 00:37:41,080
Eight to eight and a half feet,
just under three metres.


521
00:37:41,080 --> 00:37:43,560
What's the most stressful bit?


522
00:37:43,560 --> 00:37:46,080
This bit.
This bit. It's the most dangerous.


523
00:37:50,240 --> 00:37:55,000
Steady, mate. Just watch the rope
with that little death roll.


524
00:37:55,000 --> 00:37:57,680
I don't want to sound grotesque,
but an animal this size,


525
00:37:57,680 --> 00:38:00,160
if it grabbed you by the hand
and it death rolled you,


526
00:38:00,160 --> 00:38:03,520
it would quite easily roll your arm
out of the shoulder socket.


527
00:38:03,520 --> 00:38:06,160
There's a lot of power
in an animal this size.


528
00:38:07,440 --> 00:38:09,840
It's getting tired now.


529
00:38:09,840 --> 00:38:11,680
He's gone under.


530
00:38:11,680 --> 00:38:14,880
There we go. Here we go.


531
00:38:14,880 --> 00:38:16,240
At the ready, there.


532
00:38:20,440 --> 00:38:22,440
It's right in. Oh!


533
00:38:22,440 --> 00:38:26,840
Hear that clap of the jaws? I didn't
just hear it, I bloody saw it.


534
00:38:26,840 --> 00:38:28,880
Careful, careful, careful, oh!


535
00:38:28,880 --> 00:38:30,640
Right, next rope!


536
00:38:30,640 --> 00:38:31,720
Quick!


537
00:38:36,680 --> 00:38:38,160
God, look at those teeth!


538
00:38:38,160 --> 00:38:40,440
God, it's ferocious!


539
00:38:49,320 --> 00:38:52,400
He's tying himself up, anyway.
That's good.


540
00:38:52,400 --> 00:38:56,680
He's done it for you, hasn't he?
Bring him up!


541
00:38:56,680 --> 00:39:00,840
We're going to pull it in with us.
We need to clear the decks.


542
00:39:00,840 --> 00:39:02,360
Yep, deck is pretty clear.


543
00:39:02,360 --> 00:39:05,720
Right, guys. I'm going to bring him
up and over. I'll hold the torch.


544
00:39:05,720 --> 00:39:08,840
I need the cameras back just a
little bit. One, two, three.


545
00:39:08,840 --> 00:39:10,120
Up and over!


546
00:39:10,120 --> 00:39:12,040
Right, one, two, three, go!


547
00:39:13,720 --> 00:39:16,080
On his back!


548
00:39:19,600 --> 00:39:21,120
Good God!


549
00:39:21,120 --> 00:39:23,280
Put a little bit of weight on.


550
00:39:23,280 --> 00:39:26,800
Bloody hell! You just pulled
a bloody crocodile into the boat!


551
00:39:29,000 --> 00:39:33,600
It feels like we are gnats
on this creature's backside.


552
00:39:33,600 --> 00:39:35,440
You can feel the power within it.


553
00:39:35,440 --> 00:39:37,640
This is like touching Godzilla.


554
00:39:37,640 --> 00:39:40,120
It's completely freaky.


555
00:39:40,120 --> 00:39:41,880
What a beast!


556
00:39:41,880 --> 00:39:43,480
Good on you too, Simon.
Thanks, mate.


557
00:39:43,480 --> 00:39:46,520
Pretty good job for your first time,
mate! Thank you.


558
00:39:46,520 --> 00:39:50,240
Mark Jones runs a renowned
wildlife sanctuary down the coast


559
00:39:50,240 --> 00:39:52,280
called the Broome Crocodile Park.


560
00:39:52,280 --> 00:39:56,440
The croc will be transferred there,
where it could live
without posing a risk to humans.


561
00:39:56,440 --> 00:39:58,320
We're going to get Simon
to sex the animal.


562
00:39:58,320 --> 00:39:59,960
OK.
LAUGHS


563
00:39:59,960 --> 00:40:02,920
What we're going to do, Simon,
is we're going to roll him over


564
00:40:02,920 --> 00:40:05,400
and expose this animal's vent,
or cloaca...


565
00:40:05,400 --> 00:40:07,320
OK. Right.
..so we can sex it. Right.


566
00:40:07,320 --> 00:40:10,000
If we just expose the belly
there, you'll see this vent.


567
00:40:10,000 --> 00:40:11,760
Can you see it?
Yeah, I see the vent.


568
00:40:11,760 --> 00:40:14,040
OK, grab two of your fingers...


569
00:40:14,040 --> 00:40:15,400
Oh, you're joking me.


570
00:40:15,400 --> 00:40:16,760
..and finger it.


571
00:40:16,760 --> 00:40:19,320
Can you feel a rod
or is it just an open cavity?


572
00:40:19,320 --> 00:40:22,280
No, I can feel something
poking from the right.


573
00:40:22,280 --> 00:40:23,520
Let me have a go.


574
00:40:26,600 --> 00:40:28,560
Yep, that's a boy.


575
00:40:28,560 --> 00:40:30,800
Sorry about that, buddy.
Yeah, erm...


576
00:40:30,800 --> 00:40:32,680
don't hold it against us.


577
00:40:32,680 --> 00:40:36,280
So, this croc is now going to go
on a little journey to your
sanctuary?


578
00:40:36,280 --> 00:40:38,800
That's right,
where he'll live and reproduce.


579
00:40:38,800 --> 00:40:40,040
Have a happy life.


580
00:40:40,040 --> 00:40:42,480
Thanks for letting us
come out with you and see this.


581
00:40:42,480 --> 00:40:45,120
It's been a fairly awesome
experience.


582
00:40:45,120 --> 00:40:46,640
The pleasure's been all ours.


583
00:40:46,640 --> 00:40:51,200
What happens now?
We go home and we have a beer!


584
00:40:56,400 --> 00:41:00,800
Mark Jones is much more than
some modern-day "Crocodile" Dundee.


585
00:41:00,800 --> 00:41:03,240
He's a world expert
in crocodile conservation


586
00:41:03,240 --> 00:41:07,960
and a leading light in the campaign
to preserve the great wilderness
that is the Kimberley.


587
00:41:10,680 --> 00:41:14,560
Back on the mainland,
Mark wanted to show me more


588
00:41:14,560 --> 00:41:17,440
of what makes the Kimberley
so extraordinary.


589
00:41:17,440 --> 00:41:19,440
It's easy to forget the size of
Australia.


590
00:41:19,440 --> 00:41:23,280
The state of Western Australia
on its own is vast.


591
00:41:23,280 --> 00:41:27,200
If it were a country in its own
right, it would be one of the ten
biggest in the world.


592
00:41:27,200 --> 00:41:30,480
It's 11 times larger than Britain.


593
00:41:34,680 --> 00:41:38,240
I'd seen some amazing
and remote places on my long journey


594
00:41:38,240 --> 00:41:41,360
but the Kimberley
has the most pristine coastline


595
00:41:41,360 --> 00:41:43,840
in the entire Indian Ocean.


596
00:41:55,440 --> 00:41:57,000
What a view!


597
00:41:57,000 --> 00:41:58,320
LAUGHS


598
00:42:01,680 --> 00:42:03,200
What a place!


599
00:42:05,200 --> 00:42:10,400
This place is absolutely spectacular
and completely pristine.


600
00:42:12,520 --> 00:42:16,360
If you sat here all day,
you'll see 200 or 300 whales
come through with their calves.


601
00:42:16,360 --> 00:42:19,760
We see manta rays regularly
coming through here.


602
00:42:21,880 --> 00:42:23,600
It's beautiful.


603
00:42:25,360 --> 00:42:28,160
But, like many other areas of
Australia,


604
00:42:28,160 --> 00:42:32,760
the Kimberley sits on vast reserves
of natural energy and mineral
resources,


605
00:42:32,760 --> 00:42:37,000
and giant multinational corporations
are desperate to start digging
them out.


606
00:42:37,000 --> 00:42:40,120
What's being proposed
for this stretch of coastline?


607
00:42:40,120 --> 00:42:45,720
The big plan is to actually turn
this into a major industrial plant.


608
00:42:45,720 --> 00:42:49,640
The first thing will be a gas plant,
but as the gas comes in here,


609
00:42:49,640 --> 00:42:52,400
it can then drive the turbines
of all the other industries


610
00:42:52,400 --> 00:42:54,760
and it will grow very quickly.


611
00:42:54,760 --> 00:42:58,200
And we know this because we've seen
it in other parts of Australia.


612
00:42:58,200 --> 00:43:01,320
600 kilometres down the road
we have Port Hedland,


613
00:43:01,320 --> 00:43:05,440
which is going to be the largest port
in the world in 20 years' time,


614
00:43:05,440 --> 00:43:07,040
bigger than Shanghai.


615
00:43:07,040 --> 00:43:08,600
This will be bigger again.


616
00:43:08,600 --> 00:43:12,440
Wouldn't most Australians say,
"We want to be rich,


617
00:43:12,440 --> 00:43:16,520
"we want to sell off our resources,
it's our right"?


618
00:43:16,520 --> 00:43:19,480
At what cost? China's certainly
going to be better off for it,


619
00:43:19,480 --> 00:43:21,160
India are going to be better off
for it.


620
00:43:21,160 --> 00:43:24,320
In this country, in 100 years' time,
because of its short-sightedness,


621
00:43:24,320 --> 00:43:26,320
we'll be left with a great big hole
in the ground


622
00:43:26,320 --> 00:43:28,360
and everybody scratching their heads,


623
00:43:28,360 --> 00:43:30,960
hearing the old stories
about these wilderness areas


624
00:43:30,960 --> 00:43:32,560
and not seeing them any more.


625
00:43:32,560 --> 00:43:35,680
This will be completely destroyed


626
00:43:35,680 --> 00:43:39,440
and you will never, ever be able
to bring it back. That's it.


627
00:43:41,040 --> 00:43:45,880
Dozens of enormous industrial
projects are now planned
for the Kimberley.


628
00:43:45,880 --> 00:43:51,480
It seems the insatiable global
demand for energy and raw materials
knows no limits.


629
00:43:51,480 --> 00:43:55,080
The result here in Australia could
be the ruining of a wilderness


630
00:43:55,080 --> 00:43:56,800
of planetary importance.


631
00:44:00,280 --> 00:44:04,200
It's not difficult to see what might
lie in wait for the Kimberley.


632
00:44:04,200 --> 00:44:08,400
A few hundred miles down the coast
is the Pilbara,


633
00:44:08,400 --> 00:44:11,560
a centre of Australia's
amazing resource boom.


634
00:44:11,560 --> 00:44:14,200
This country is making vast sums


635
00:44:14,200 --> 00:44:17,480
from selling off its iron ore,
gas and natural wealth.


636
00:44:17,480 --> 00:44:22,080
But of course, it's a messy,
destructive business,
needing trains,


637
00:44:22,080 --> 00:44:25,400
vast mines, roads, huge ships
and towns.


638
00:44:33,360 --> 00:44:36,480
These are some of
the longest trains in the world.


639
00:44:39,840 --> 00:44:42,840
This is resources being shipped out,
put on ships


640
00:44:42,840 --> 00:44:47,960
and sent off to fuel the economies
of China and India


641
00:44:47,960 --> 00:44:52,040
and provide the rest of the world
with consumer goods.


642
00:44:53,560 --> 00:44:58,960
Here in the Pilbara region,
huge mines have opened up


643
00:44:58,960 --> 00:45:01,440
and the place is being
industrialised.


644
00:45:03,080 --> 00:45:04,480
HORN HONKS


645
00:45:07,560 --> 00:45:12,760
They've taken wilderness and they've
stripped it of all of its resources,


646
00:45:12,760 --> 00:45:16,240
and people don't want that to happen
in the Kimberley as well.


647
00:45:22,360 --> 00:45:24,280
Oh, my God!


648
00:45:24,280 --> 00:45:26,400
Look at this!


649
00:45:27,720 --> 00:45:29,560
Ooh!


650
00:45:35,960 --> 00:45:38,480
The scale of this
is quite something, eh?


651
00:45:41,920 --> 00:45:46,360
This is just a tiddler compared
to what they're planning
in the Kimberley,


652
00:45:46,360 --> 00:45:52,280
and the gas plant they're planning
there is just one of dozens
of industrial projects


653
00:45:52,280 --> 00:45:56,800
that are being proposed
for that currently pristine region.


654
00:45:59,920 --> 00:46:02,920
Using and selling off
their natural resources


655
00:46:02,920 --> 00:46:07,120
has brought great prosperity
to Australians in recent years,


656
00:46:07,120 --> 00:46:09,560
but the environment pays
a heavy price.


657
00:46:11,920 --> 00:46:15,480
It left me wondering how we can ask
poor countries around
the Indian Ocean


658
00:46:15,480 --> 00:46:17,800
to protect their wildlife and
forests


659
00:46:17,800 --> 00:46:21,160
when wealthy Australians
are exploiting what they've got.


660
00:46:27,920 --> 00:46:31,720
I was on the home straight now,
with the end almost in sight.


661
00:46:33,040 --> 00:46:35,560
I headed south towards the city
of Perth


662
00:46:35,560 --> 00:46:40,120
and the finishing point for my
entire journey at Cape Leeuwin.


663
00:46:42,080 --> 00:46:44,120
This is glorious, look at it!


664
00:46:44,120 --> 00:46:50,640
SAT-NAV: After 600 metres,
cross the roundabout, second exit,
then keep left.


665
00:46:50,640 --> 00:46:52,720
You have reached your destination.


666
00:46:52,720 --> 00:46:56,440
Windows up, grab those sunnies and
don't let the seagulls
steal your chips!


667
00:46:56,440 --> 00:46:58,840
LAUGHS


668
00:46:58,840 --> 00:47:01,640
As I'd circled the Indian Ocean,


669
00:47:01,640 --> 00:47:05,520
I'd been privileged to see
some incredible marine wildlife,


670
00:47:05,520 --> 00:47:08,480
from magnificent sharks
to giant manta rays.


671
00:47:09,960 --> 00:47:12,160
But for me, one creature symbolises


672
00:47:12,160 --> 00:47:17,280
both the mystery and the majesty
of life in our oceans, and finally,


673
00:47:17,280 --> 00:47:20,480
just offshore south of Perth,
I was about to get close to it.


674
00:47:20,480 --> 00:47:24,200
There's at least half a dozen
of them in the second wave!


675
00:47:28,600 --> 00:47:33,640
They're actually coming to us, to
the wave of the boat. Look at this!


676
00:47:33,640 --> 00:47:36,800
They just cannot resist playing
when a boat turns up


677
00:47:36,800 --> 00:47:39,080
and creates a big wave behind!


678
00:47:42,400 --> 00:47:43,840
LAUGHS


679
00:47:45,240 --> 00:47:47,080
These wild bottlenose dolphins


680
00:47:47,080 --> 00:47:51,280
are one of the most familiar
creatures in the sea.


681
00:47:51,280 --> 00:47:53,760
Highly intelligent and friendly,
they live in groups


682
00:47:53,760 --> 00:47:56,240
of between 6 and 60 animals,
called pods.


683
00:48:00,000 --> 00:48:02,120
We've drawn a crowd.


684
00:48:02,120 --> 00:48:03,560
Let's go and say hello.


685
00:48:18,560 --> 00:48:23,680
Dolphins have been closely studied
in captivity and we know that,
in the wild,


686
00:48:23,680 --> 00:48:25,680
they enjoy human company.


687
00:48:26,800 --> 00:48:29,560
But despite their willingness
to approach us,


688
00:48:29,560 --> 00:48:32,800
there's still so much we don't know
about their life beneath the waves.


689
00:48:40,360 --> 00:48:44,240
That was so exciting, I actually
forgot to come up to breathe!


690
00:48:44,240 --> 00:48:46,200
My lungs started to burst!


691
00:48:53,000 --> 00:48:55,640
We don't fully understand even
friendly dolphins


692
00:48:55,640 --> 00:49:00,400
and we're a long way
from understanding the rest of
the mysterious marine environment.


693
00:49:03,200 --> 00:49:06,440
But one thing my journey had shown
me, beyond all doubt,


694
00:49:06,440 --> 00:49:11,120
is that human impact on all our
oceans is reaching a critical level.


695
00:49:16,720 --> 00:49:18,240
Out there,


696
00:49:18,240 --> 00:49:19,760
it's a free-for-all.


697
00:49:22,960 --> 00:49:29,120
Nobody's really in charge and our
seas are suffering from endless
pollution and overfishing.


698
00:49:29,120 --> 00:49:31,320
It's a bit like the Wild West.


699
00:49:33,280 --> 00:49:36,840
So, before I reached the end
of my epic journey,


700
00:49:36,840 --> 00:49:41,360
I arranged to meet a world-renowned
expert whose research is helping to
change our understanding


701
00:49:41,360 --> 00:49:43,320
of the Indian Ocean and our seas
globally.


702
00:49:44,320 --> 00:49:49,000
For most people, when they look
at the ocean, all they see is
the surface


703
00:49:49,000 --> 00:49:51,800
and they have no idea
how much lies beneath,


704
00:49:51,800 --> 00:49:55,920
so for us, our research is really
about pulling that curtain back,


705
00:49:55,920 --> 00:50:00,200
that barrier, and allowing people
to see and scientists to learn


706
00:50:00,200 --> 00:50:02,240
about all the special things that we
have.


707
00:50:02,240 --> 00:50:05,200
So, revealing the deep blue.
Indeed, indeed.


708
00:50:05,200 --> 00:50:09,920
Professor Jessica Meeuwig is the
director of the Centre for Marine
Futures


709
00:50:09,920 --> 00:50:12,520
at the University of Western
Australia.


710
00:50:12,520 --> 00:50:16,160
Really looking forward to this. It's
a real opportunity to peer into the
depths.


711
00:50:16,160 --> 00:50:19,720
I get excited every time we go out
because you never know what
you're going to see.


712
00:50:20,720 --> 00:50:25,800
Jessica specialises in marine
biodiversity and fisheries ecology.


713
00:50:27,520 --> 00:50:30,800
The Indian Ocean is the least studied
of the world's oceans


714
00:50:30,800 --> 00:50:36,040
and also one of the most biodiverse,
so it's really important that
we get out there and understand it.


715
00:50:38,040 --> 00:50:42,200
One aspect of Jessica's research
is using small, waterproof cameras


716
00:50:42,200 --> 00:50:43,880
to document life under the sea


717
00:50:43,880 --> 00:50:46,880
in areas of the Indian Ocean
we know little about.


718
00:50:46,880 --> 00:50:48,720
We call it pulling back the blue
curtain


719
00:50:48,720 --> 00:50:51,960
because that allows us to actually
see below the surface of the ocean.


720
00:50:51,960 --> 00:50:54,800
By people being able to see
beneath the surface,


721
00:50:54,800 --> 00:50:57,000
they can get excited,
they can really enjoy it,


722
00:50:57,000 --> 00:50:59,760
they can value it, and if they value
it, they'll protect it.


723
00:51:01,280 --> 00:51:03,680
This camera system means
you're able to see


724
00:51:03,680 --> 00:51:06,680
what is actually down there.
Out there, and count them.


725
00:51:06,680 --> 00:51:09,560
And because it's hard to sample fish,
because they're in the ocean,


726
00:51:09,560 --> 00:51:12,600
we actually don't have
that basic information.


727
00:51:17,600 --> 00:51:20,320
The camera's being lowered.


728
00:51:20,320 --> 00:51:24,000
Jessica films at depths
of more than 500 metres


729
00:51:24,000 --> 00:51:26,400
to collect crucial research
material.


730
00:51:26,400 --> 00:51:30,960
Her team have already recorded
more than 5,000 hours of footage.


731
00:51:30,960 --> 00:51:35,360
This is footage from other cameras
you've dropped down,


732
00:51:35,360 --> 00:51:38,360
right on the floor of the ocean.


733
00:51:38,360 --> 00:51:41,200
This is what gets me excited
about being a scientist,


734
00:51:41,200 --> 00:51:44,560
when I get to actually watch these
things unfolding before my eyes.


735
00:51:44,560 --> 00:51:48,120
So, it basically films on the sea bed
for an hour


736
00:51:48,120 --> 00:51:50,560
and we take the videos back to our
lab


737
00:51:50,560 --> 00:51:53,040
and we can figure out
what species are out there,


738
00:51:53,040 --> 00:51:56,400
how many of them there are and, most
importantly, how big they are,


739
00:51:56,400 --> 00:51:59,680
because one of the first signs
of overfishing is when fish get
smaller.


740
00:52:01,280 --> 00:52:04,240
I was finishing my Indian Ocean
journey


741
00:52:04,240 --> 00:52:07,240
next to one of the most important
areas of ocean on the planet.


742
00:52:08,880 --> 00:52:12,280
It's now clear the sea here
has greater levels of biodiversity


743
00:52:12,280 --> 00:52:14,960
than even the Great Barrier Reef.


744
00:52:14,960 --> 00:52:17,360
Almost every week,
new species are being discovered.


745
00:52:17,360 --> 00:52:20,960
Most of them are found
nowhere else on Earth,


746
00:52:20,960 --> 00:52:24,080
but less than 1% of the sea
in this area is protected.


747
00:52:26,600 --> 00:52:30,400
Around the planet, we're witnessing
a collapse of marine life.


748
00:52:30,400 --> 00:52:34,200
Two-thirds of the world's coral
reefs are dead or at risk


749
00:52:34,200 --> 00:52:39,520
and it's estimated up to 90% of the
world's large fish have been
annihilated.


750
00:52:39,520 --> 00:52:43,160
If we don't change our behaviour,
we'll be left with lifeless oceans.


751
00:52:43,160 --> 00:52:45,960
Something that's really amazed me
on this journey


752
00:52:45,960 --> 00:52:52,840
is the almost cavalier way
we are fishing the oceans to death.


753
00:52:52,840 --> 00:52:56,640
That's how it's been described to me
by several people I've met.


754
00:52:56,640 --> 00:53:00,760
Do you think that's a fair
description, and how is this
happening?


755
00:53:00,760 --> 00:53:04,480
Well, we're effectively
emptying the oceans of fish.


756
00:53:04,480 --> 00:53:06,960
We've got industrial-scale fleets


757
00:53:06,960 --> 00:53:11,360
that have nets that are bigger
than, you know, airplanes.


758
00:53:11,360 --> 00:53:15,640
We drag these heavy metal things
across the sea bed,


759
00:53:15,640 --> 00:53:18,200
basically clear-felling
everything in their way.


760
00:53:18,200 --> 00:53:21,200
Can you imagine if we dragged
something like that through a forest,


761
00:53:21,200 --> 00:53:23,920
knocked down all the trees, took out
all the birds and animals?


762
00:53:23,920 --> 00:53:25,560
That's what we're doing to the ocean.


763
00:53:25,560 --> 00:53:27,440
I mean, the fish have nowhere
to hide.


764
00:53:29,080 --> 00:53:32,520
We need to allow our fish stocks
to recover


765
00:53:32,520 --> 00:53:34,640
and that means
implementing sanctuary zones


766
00:53:34,640 --> 00:53:37,440
or national parks in the ocean.


767
00:53:37,440 --> 00:53:43,400
We need some areas where the fish
can be left alone to grow big, old
and fat


768
00:53:43,400 --> 00:53:45,120
and produce lots of more fish.


769
00:53:45,120 --> 00:53:48,120
Is that one of the key solutions,
then?


770
00:53:48,120 --> 00:53:51,600
Absolutely, and Australia's actually
at the forefront of this.


771
00:53:51,600 --> 00:53:55,560
It's developing a system of national
parks around the entire continent


772
00:53:55,560 --> 00:54:00,040
and what's really critical in that
is that it includes national parks


773
00:54:00,040 --> 00:54:03,800
where you can't go fishing
and you can't drill for oil and gas.


774
00:54:05,400 --> 00:54:09,120
Protected marine parks
where fishing is banned


775
00:54:09,120 --> 00:54:11,480
ensure that fish have a place
to breed.


776
00:54:11,480 --> 00:54:15,080
And that means their numbers can
recover from overfishing.


777
00:54:15,080 --> 00:54:18,440
It's an idea that has
overwhelming public support.


778
00:54:18,440 --> 00:54:24,320
70% of West Australians want to see
strong national parks in the ocean.


779
00:54:24,320 --> 00:54:27,080
Public opinion,
at least here in Australia, wants
it,


780
00:54:27,080 --> 00:54:29,000
but how do you persuade people
off the...


781
00:54:29,000 --> 00:54:31,560
desperately poor people
on the coast of Mozambique,


782
00:54:31,560 --> 00:54:34,440
or in Madagascar or off Bangladesh,


783
00:54:34,440 --> 00:54:38,200
to accept national parks
when they're struggling to survive?


784
00:54:38,200 --> 00:54:40,960
Actually, in some countries,
like the Philippines,


785
00:54:40,960 --> 00:54:43,920
they have been willing to put aside
significant areas


786
00:54:43,920 --> 00:54:47,000
as sanctuary zones,
where they don't fish,


787
00:54:47,000 --> 00:54:51,800
and they're seeing that the fish
numbers are increasing and coming
back and spilling over,


788
00:54:51,800 --> 00:54:53,360
so in poor countries,


789
00:54:53,360 --> 00:54:55,640
we've actually seen
some of the biggest successes.


790
00:54:55,640 --> 00:54:57,440
That's quite... That's quite
hopeful.


791
00:54:57,440 --> 00:55:04,120
If they can do it, there's no excuse
why Australia, Britain, America,
Europe, can't as well, surely?


792
00:55:04,120 --> 00:55:05,440
Absolutely.


793
00:55:05,440 --> 00:55:08,000
We're increasing our understanding
all the time


794
00:55:08,000 --> 00:55:10,040
of how the marine environment works,


795
00:55:10,040 --> 00:55:13,200
so no, I'm totally optimistic,
but we do have to act now.


796
00:55:16,880 --> 00:55:21,640
Now I hear it,
the answer seems blindingly obvious.


797
00:55:21,640 --> 00:55:28,600
We have national parks on land,
of course we should have them
in the sea as well.


798
00:55:29,840 --> 00:55:35,360
They're not a silver bullet.
It's not the single solution
that's going to protect the seas,


799
00:55:35,360 --> 00:55:39,400
but it is part of the solution,
it is part of the answer.


800
00:55:39,400 --> 00:55:44,360
We have got to protect life
in our oceans, and national parks
in the sea,


801
00:55:44,360 --> 00:55:48,560
or marine sanctuaries,
are part of the solution.


802
00:55:50,120 --> 00:55:51,720
Here it comes!


803
00:55:53,840 --> 00:55:55,240
Yup.


804
00:55:55,240 --> 00:55:57,560
My journey had also convinced me


805
00:55:57,560 --> 00:56:01,640
that we need more global
co-operation to police
the high seas,


806
00:56:01,640 --> 00:56:04,920
the millions of square miles
of international waters


807
00:56:04,920 --> 00:56:08,360
that are currently
being fished relentlessly.


808
00:56:12,760 --> 00:56:15,560
The Indian Ocean is a spectacular
region of our world.


809
00:56:16,960 --> 00:56:20,440
Hundreds of millions of people
rely on it to survive.


810
00:56:20,440 --> 00:56:24,880
Preserving and protecting it
is vital for the future of us all.


811
00:56:36,840 --> 00:56:40,560
After months of travelling
by land, air and sea,


812
00:56:40,560 --> 00:56:43,800
I was finally nearing the end
of my journey.


813
00:56:45,120 --> 00:56:49,320
Cape Leeuwin is the point where
Australians say the Indian Ocean
ends.


814
00:56:51,600 --> 00:56:53,160
My goodness.


815
00:56:55,360 --> 00:56:57,000
That's the ending.


816
00:56:59,600 --> 00:57:02,200
I've got a lump in the throat
and a tear in the eye.


817
00:57:15,040 --> 00:57:17,680
Look! "Two Oceans Meet.


818
00:57:17,680 --> 00:57:21,200
"Cape Leeuwin marks the point where
the Indian Ocean meets the Southern
Ocean."


819
00:57:21,200 --> 00:57:24,640
Indian Ocean to the right,
Southern Ocean to the left.


820
00:57:29,160 --> 00:57:33,760
This has been my most exotic
and extreme adventure.


821
00:57:36,040 --> 00:57:37,840
And it ends just down here.


822
00:57:41,720 --> 00:57:46,280
I've gone from the horrors of
the front line in Mogadishu
in Somalia


823
00:57:46,280 --> 00:57:50,440
to the glory of the Maldives
and the Seychelles.


824
00:57:50,440 --> 00:57:53,680
I've been to 16 countries.


825
00:57:53,680 --> 00:57:57,000
This journey has really taught me
there's so much more to the Indian
Ocean


826
00:57:57,000 --> 00:58:00,600
than just glorious, gorgeous
holiday islands.


827
00:58:01,760 --> 00:58:07,880
It's a vast, tantalising, historical
and absolutely vital part
of the planet.


828
00:58:11,520 --> 00:58:12,960
This is it!


829
00:58:12,960 --> 00:58:14,560
This is the end.


830
00:58:14,560 --> 00:58:16,240
The end of my journey.