1 00:00:02,127 --> 00:00:04,755 {\an7}Tracy Borman: LOUIS XIV. \h\h\h\h\hTHE SUN KING. 2 00:00:04,796 --> 00:00:08,174 {\an7}THE LONGEST-REIGNING MONARCH \h\h\h\hIN EUROPEAN HISTORY, 3 00:00:08,217 --> 00:00:11,637 {\an7}AND THE FRENCH KING WHO BUILT \h\h\h\h\hTHIS FABULOUS PALACE 4 00:00:11,678 --> 00:00:13,889 {\an7}HERE AT VERSAILLES. 5 00:00:13,931 --> 00:00:16,225 {\an7}BUT WHAT ACTUALLY \hWENT ON INSIDE? 6 00:00:16,266 --> 00:00:19,519 {\an7}\h\h\hWHAT IS THE TRUTH ABOUT THE KING’S TANGLED LOVE LIFE, 7 00:00:19,561 --> 00:00:23,774 {\an7}HIS EXTRAVAGANT LIFESTYLE AND EXTRAORDINARY VANITY? 8 00:00:23,815 --> 00:00:27,319 {\an7}\h\hDID HE REALLY BATHE ONLY THREE TIMES DURING HIS LIFE? 9 00:00:27,361 --> 00:00:28,904 {\an7}AND WAS VERSAILLES ACTUALLY 10 00:00:28,946 --> 00:00:33,284 {\an7}A FILTHY, SMELLY DEN OF INIQUITY? 11 00:00:33,325 --> 00:00:36,870 {\an7}Man: IN HIS LIFETIME, LOUIS WAS AN IMMENSELY SUCCESSFUL KING. 12 00:00:36,912 --> 00:00:40,290 {\an7}HE WAS GRAND, HE WAS SERIOUS, \h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hHE WAS HARD, 13 00:00:40,332 --> 00:00:43,669 {\an7}\h\hAND HE HAD A HUGE VISION, AND HE WAS GONNA IMPLEMENT IT. 14 00:00:43,710 --> 00:00:46,588 {\an7}I AM THE STATE, HE SAID-- \h\h\h\hL’ETAT, C’EST MOI. 15 00:00:46,630 --> 00:00:50,509 {\an7}Woman: HE IS ONE OF THOSE KINGS THAT IS JUST A FORCE OF NATURE. 16 00:00:50,551 --> 00:00:53,095 {\an7}HIS INFLUENCE STRETCHED \h\h\h\h\hACROSS EUROPE. 17 00:00:53,303 --> 00:00:56,932 {\an7}THE FASHIONS OF FRANCE \h\hDURING HIS PERIOD 18 00:00:56,974 --> 00:01:00,686 {\an7}\h\hTHAT ALL CAME FROM THE, CAME FROM HIM, THE MONARCH. 19 00:01:00,727 --> 00:01:02,562 {\an7}Woman: THE LIFE THAT WAS LED \h\h\h\h\h\h\hAT VERSAILLES 20 00:01:02,604 --> 00:01:06,566 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\hWAS SO DECADENT AND SO OVER-THE-TOP AND SO LAVISH. 21 00:01:06,608 --> 00:01:09,986 {\an7}THE ENTERTAINMENTS THAT WENT ON, WENT ON FOR DAYS, 22 00:01:10,028 --> 00:01:14,241 {\an7}AND KIND OF LOOSE MORALITY \h\hTHAT WAS LIKE NOTHING 23 00:01:14,283 --> 00:01:17,620 {\an7}THAT MOST ORDINARY PEOPLE \hCOULD EVEN CONCEIVE OF. 24 00:01:17,661 --> 00:01:23,292 {\an7}\h\hMan: THIS IS EXCESS, LUXURY AND DICTATORSHIP TO AN EXTREME. 25 00:01:23,333 --> 00:01:26,169 {\an7}\h\hHE BELIEVED THAT THE WHOLE OF FRANCE REVOLVED AROUND HIM, 26 00:01:26,211 --> 00:01:29,131 {\an7}AND THAT WAS HIS ACHIEVEMENT. 27 00:01:29,172 --> 00:01:30,507 {\an7}Borman: IN THIS EPISODE, 28 00:01:30,549 --> 00:01:33,135 {\an7}WE EXAMINE THE FASHION \h\hOF LOUIS’S COURT, 29 00:01:33,343 --> 00:01:37,472 {\an7}\h\h\h\hEXPLORE THE REAL REASON THE KING LOVED PERFUME SO MUCH, 30 00:01:37,514 --> 00:01:43,979 {\an7}AND DISCOVER THE SUMPTUOUS MEALS HE ATE EVERY SINGLE DAY. 31 00:01:44,021 --> 00:01:47,233 {\an7}I’M TRACY BORMAN, AND I’M GOING TO TAKE YOU BEHIND THE SCENES 32 00:01:47,274 --> 00:01:51,737 {\an7}\hTO FIND OUT WHAT REALLY WENT ON HERE AT VERSAILLES 33 00:01:51,778 --> 00:01:55,824 {\an7}AND IN THE PRIVATE LIFE \h\h\hOF KING LOUIS XIV. 34 00:02:00,704 --> 00:02:06,752 {\an7}♪ 35 00:02:06,793 --> 00:02:09,379 {\an7}LOUIS XIV CAME INTO THE WORLD 36 00:02:09,421 --> 00:02:12,466 {\an7}ON SEPTEMBER 5, 1638, 37 00:02:12,507 --> 00:02:14,634 {\an7}AT SAINT-GERMAIN-EN-LAYE. 38 00:02:14,676 --> 00:02:15,719 {\an7}HE THEN SPENT MUCH 39 00:02:15,761 --> 00:02:17,429 {\an7}OF HIS EARLY LIFE HERE, 40 00:02:17,471 --> 00:02:22,601 {\an7}\hAT THE PALAIS ROYALE, IN THE CENTER OF PARIS. 41 00:02:22,643 --> 00:02:26,605 {\an7}KING LOUIS XIII DIED IN 1643, 42 00:02:26,647 --> 00:02:30,609 {\an7}AND SO, AGED JUST FOUR, \hYOUNG LOUIS SUCCEEDED 43 00:02:30,651 --> 00:02:35,114 {\an7}TO THE THRONE OF FRANCE \hTO REIGN AS LOUIS XIV. 44 00:02:35,155 --> 00:02:38,825 {\an7}\h\h\hDURING HIS CHILDHOOD, HIS MOTHER, ANNE OF AUSTRIA, 45 00:02:38,867 --> 00:02:43,288 {\an7}\h\h\h\hSERVED AS REGENT WITH THE FORMIDABLE FIRST MINSTER, 46 00:02:43,330 --> 00:02:46,458 {\an7}CARDINAL MAZZARIN, \h\h\hAT HER SIDE. 47 00:02:46,500 --> 00:02:50,504 {\an7}\h\h\hBUT IN 1661, AT THE AGE OF 22, 48 00:02:50,545 --> 00:02:52,547 {\an7}LOUIS TOOK OVER. 49 00:02:52,589 --> 00:02:55,884 {\an7}FROM THEN ON, HE RULED ALONE. 50 00:02:57,594 --> 00:02:59,513 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hDominic Selwood: HIS AMBITION MEANT THAT WHEN HE 51 00:02:59,554 --> 00:03:01,931 {\an7}ACHIEVED HIS MAJORITY \h\hAND BECAME RULER, 52 00:03:01,973 --> 00:03:03,433 {\an7}HE DIDN’T WANT TO HAVE \h\hA CHIEF MINISTER, 53 00:03:03,475 --> 00:03:05,227 {\an7}HE WAS GOING TO DO IT \h\h\h\h\hALL HIMSELF. 54 00:03:05,435 --> 00:03:07,938 {\an7}BUT IT WAS TOO MUCH \hFOR ONE MAN TO DO, 55 00:03:07,979 --> 00:03:11,441 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\hSO, IN THE PROCESS, HE BECAME AT TIMES VINDICTIVE, 56 00:03:11,483 --> 00:03:13,986 {\an7}HE BECAME OVERLY AUTHORITARIAN, 57 00:03:14,027 --> 00:03:16,863 {\an7}AND HE DIDN’T REALLY CARE ABOUT THE NOBLES OR THE FRENCH PEOPLE. 58 00:03:16,905 --> 00:03:20,492 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\hHIS IDEA WAS A GRANDEUR OF FRANCE. 59 00:03:20,534 --> 00:03:22,244 {\an7}\h\hRebecca Rideal: HE HAD A REAL SENSE 60 00:03:22,285 --> 00:03:24,537 {\an7}OF THE DIVINE IMPORTANCE \h\h\h\h\h\hOF MONARCHY 61 00:03:24,579 --> 00:03:28,166 {\an7}\h\hAND HOW HE WAS GOD’S REPRESENTATIVE ON EARTH 62 00:03:28,208 --> 00:03:30,669 {\an7}AND HE WAS THE CENTER \h\h\h\hOF EVERYTHING, 63 00:03:30,711 --> 00:03:33,297 {\an7}AND THIS IS WHY HE TOOK \hTHE SUN AS HIS EMBLEM. 64 00:03:33,338 --> 00:03:36,550 {\an7}HE WANTED TO BE THE SUN, \hTHE CENTER OF FRANCE, 65 00:03:36,591 --> 00:03:39,094 {\an7}\hSO THAT EVERYTHING ELSE WOULD REVOLVE AROUND HIM, 66 00:03:39,136 --> 00:03:41,055 {\an7}AND HE REALLY BUILT ON THIS IDEA 67 00:03:41,096 --> 00:03:45,559 {\an7}OF HIM BEING THE DIVINELY APPOINTED KING OF FRANCE. 68 00:03:45,600 --> 00:03:48,895 {\an7}Tony McMahon: HE WAS CALLED \h\hDIEU DONNÉ, "GOD GIVEN," 69 00:03:48,937 --> 00:03:50,856 {\an7}AND HIS FIRST ADVISOR, \h\hCARDINAL MAZZARIN, 70 00:03:50,897 --> 00:03:54,734 {\an7}SAID, YOU KNOW, "YOU RULE \hBY DIVINE, DIVINE RIGHT, 71 00:03:54,776 --> 00:03:56,111 {\an7}DIVINE INTERVENTION. 72 00:03:56,153 --> 00:03:58,489 {\an7}YOU RULE BECAUSE GOD WANTS YOU TO RULE," 73 00:03:58,530 --> 00:04:01,658 {\an7}AND THEN HE CALLS HIMSELF \h\h\h\h\h\hTHE SUN KING. 74 00:04:01,700 --> 00:04:05,954 {\an7}\hSO HE BELIEVES THAT HE IS THIS DIVINE ROYAL PERSONAGE. 75 00:04:05,996 --> 00:04:07,915 {\an7}I MEAN, IT’S COMPLETELY BONKERS, 76 00:04:07,956 --> 00:04:10,917 {\an7}BUT EVERYBODY OF COURSE \h\h\h\h\hBUYS INTO IT. 77 00:04:10,959 --> 00:04:16,631 {\an7}♪ 78 00:04:16,673 --> 00:04:18,717 {\an7}Borman: DURING THE EARLY YEARS \h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hOF HIS REIGN, 79 00:04:18,759 --> 00:04:21,303 {\an7}THE ROYAL COURT CHANGE LOCATIONS 80 00:04:21,344 --> 00:04:23,096 {\an7}FROM HERE, IN PARIS, 81 00:04:23,138 --> 00:04:25,724 {\an7}TO THE PALACE OF VERSAILLES. 82 00:04:25,766 --> 00:04:28,477 {\an7}WHEN IT WAS INAUGURATED IN 1682, 83 00:04:28,518 --> 00:04:32,772 {\an7}THERE WAS ENOUGH ROOM TO HOUSE THE ENTIRE COURT OF THE KING. 84 00:04:32,814 --> 00:04:36,401 {\an7}\hLIFE THERE REVOLVED ENTIRELY AROUND LOUIS, 85 00:04:36,443 --> 00:04:38,195 {\an7}AND THE MOST IMPORTANT THING 86 00:04:38,236 --> 00:04:41,698 {\an7}WAS TO SOMEHOW GAIN \hTHE KING’S FAVOR. 87 00:04:43,617 --> 00:04:46,787 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\hMatt Green: VERSAILLES WAS LIKE A GIANT GILDED BUBBLE. 88 00:04:46,828 --> 00:04:48,496 {\an7}\hIT LOOKED GREAT FROM THE OUTSIDE, 89 00:04:48,538 --> 00:04:50,999 {\an7}\h\hBUT AS SOON AS YOU OPEN THE DOOR, 90 00:04:51,041 --> 00:04:53,085 {\an7}IT WAS ALMOST THE OPPOSITE. 91 00:04:53,126 --> 00:04:54,711 {\an7}\hIT WOULD HAVE BEEN A KIND OF DIFFICULT, 92 00:04:54,753 --> 00:04:56,713 {\an7}QUITE INORGANIC PLACE TO LIVE. 93 00:04:56,755 --> 00:05:00,634 {\an7}THIS WAS THE KIND OF THE CENTER OF THE SUN GOD’S REALM. 94 00:05:00,675 --> 00:05:03,887 {\an7}Selwood: HE WAS A VERY HARD MAN, AND HE WAS A VERY SERIOUS MAN. 95 00:05:03,929 --> 00:05:05,597 {\an7}TO DO WHAT HE WANTS TO DO, 96 00:05:05,639 --> 00:05:08,892 {\an7}WHICH IS BRING ALL THE NOBILITY INTO ONE PLACE AND CONTROL THEM, 97 00:05:08,934 --> 00:05:12,688 {\an7}\h\h\h\hHE HAD TO BE DESPOTIC IN HIS CHARACTER, AND HE WAS. 98 00:05:12,729 --> 00:05:15,690 {\an7}\h\hI DON’T THINK HE WAS A VERY LIKEABLE PERSON. 99 00:05:15,732 --> 00:05:18,360 {\an7}Hallie Rubenhold: HE COULD HAVE WHATEVER HE WANTED IN LIFE. 100 00:05:18,401 --> 00:05:20,820 {\an7}\h\h\hHE COULD HAVE ANY WOMAN HE WANTED, 101 00:05:20,862 --> 00:05:23,448 {\an7}\h\h\hHE COULD HAVE ALL OF THE MATERIAL WEALTH, 102 00:05:23,490 --> 00:05:25,617 {\an7}ALL OF THE CLOTHING, \h\hALL OF THE FOOD, 103 00:05:25,659 --> 00:05:31,123 {\an7}HE COULD HAVE BEAUTIFUL PALACES AND CARRIAGES AND GARDENS. 104 00:05:31,164 --> 00:05:32,832 {\an7}AND HE WENT FOR IT. 105 00:05:32,874 --> 00:05:38,922 {\an7}♪ 106 00:05:38,964 --> 00:05:41,425 {\an7}\hBorman: ONE OF THE WAYS TO GET NOTICED BY THE KING 107 00:05:41,466 --> 00:05:43,176 {\an7}WAS TO BE FASHIONABLE. 108 00:05:43,218 --> 00:05:46,263 {\an7}\hA WELL-DRESSED COURTIER STOOD A MUCH BETTER CHANCE 109 00:05:46,304 --> 00:05:48,056 {\an7}OF GAINING INFLUENCE, 110 00:05:48,098 --> 00:05:51,393 {\an7}\h\hBUT THEN, AS NOW, NONE OF IT CAME CHEAP, 111 00:05:51,601 --> 00:05:53,937 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\hAND THE STRICT VERSAILLES FASHION CODE 112 00:05:53,979 --> 00:05:56,148 {\an7}\hCERTAINLY HELPED EMPTY THE POCKETS 113 00:05:56,189 --> 00:05:58,441 {\an7}OF THE GREAT AND THE GOOD. 114 00:05:58,483 --> 00:06:02,529 {\an7}I’VE COME TO LEADING PARISIAN \h\h\h\hCOSTUME HOUSE SOMMIER, 115 00:06:02,571 --> 00:06:07,076 {\an7}WHO HAVE AGREED TO DRESS ME \h\hTO IMPRESS, LOUIS STYLE. 116 00:06:11,079 --> 00:06:12,581 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hSO, BARBARA, YOU’RE GONNA BE DRESSING ME 117 00:06:12,622 --> 00:06:14,582 {\an7}FOR THE COURT OF LOUIS XIV. 118 00:06:14,624 --> 00:06:16,417 {\an7}\h\hI ALREADY HAVE THE UNDERLAYER ON. 119 00:06:16,459 --> 00:06:17,919 {\an7}CAN YOU TALK ME THROUGH IT? 120 00:06:17,961 --> 00:06:19,838 {\an7}\h\h\h\hBarbara Glas: YES. YOU HAVE YOUR SHORT BLOUSE 121 00:06:19,880 --> 00:06:21,340 {\an7}WHAT YOU ARE GOING TO WEAR \h\h\h\hUNDER YOUR DRESS. 122 00:06:21,381 --> 00:06:22,757 {\an7}Borman: OKAY. 123 00:06:22,799 --> 00:06:24,551 {\an7}Glas: NOT TO SHOW TOO MUCH \h\h\h\h\h\hOF YOUR SKIN. 124 00:06:24,593 --> 00:06:27,471 {\an7}THEN YOU HAVE WHITE STOCKINGS, 125 00:06:27,512 --> 00:06:30,140 {\an7}\hTHAT YOU HAVE TO WEAR UNDER YOUR SHORT PANTS. 126 00:06:30,181 --> 00:06:31,265 {\an7}Borman: YES. 127 00:06:31,308 --> 00:06:33,018 {\an7}Glas: AND THESE NICE SHOES. 128 00:06:33,059 --> 00:06:35,103 {\an7}THIS IS JUST THE VERY BEGINNING. 129 00:06:35,145 --> 00:06:38,148 {\an7}THE FIRST THING YOU HAVE TO \hPUT ON IS YOUR BASQUETTE. 130 00:06:38,189 --> 00:06:39,482 {\an7}Borman: MY BASQUETTE. OKAY. 131 00:06:39,524 --> 00:06:40,734 {\an7}Glas: YOUR BASQUETTE. \h\h\h\hBorman: RIGHT. 132 00:06:40,775 --> 00:06:42,694 {\an7}Glas: I’M GOING TO CALL \h\h\h\h\h\hFOR STEFAN, 133 00:06:42,736 --> 00:06:44,780 {\an7}BECAUSE THERE ARE SUPPOSED TO BE TWO OR THREE LADIES 134 00:06:44,821 --> 00:06:46,281 {\an7}TO HELP YOU GETTING DRESSED. 135 00:06:46,323 --> 00:06:48,325 {\an7}\h\h\hBorman: OH, REALLY? NOT JUST ONE LADY’S MAID. 136 00:06:48,366 --> 00:06:50,577 {\an7}I’LL HOLD ON TO YOU \h\hWHILE I STEP IN. 137 00:06:50,619 --> 00:06:54,164 {\an7}OKAY. THERE’S ONE AND TWO. \h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hRIGHT. 138 00:06:54,205 --> 00:06:57,583 {\an7}\h\hGlas: THIS BASQUETTE WAS TO BE WORN UNDER YOUR DRESS. 139 00:06:57,626 --> 00:07:00,170 {\an7}IT WAS SUPPOSED TO MAKE \h\h\h\hYOUR HIP WIDER. 140 00:07:00,211 --> 00:07:01,921 {\an7}Borman: WHY DID THEY \h\hWANT WIDE HIPS? 141 00:07:01,963 --> 00:07:06,009 {\an7}Glas: BECAUSE THEY WANTED A VERY, VERY SLIGHT WAIST. 142 00:07:06,051 --> 00:07:07,678 {\an7}Borman: SO IT ACCENTUATES \h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hTHE WAIST, 143 00:07:07,719 --> 00:07:09,262 {\an7}IT GIVES THAT NICE, SORT OF... 144 00:07:09,304 --> 00:07:10,722 {\an7}\hI WAS GONNA SAY HOURGLASS FIGURE, 145 00:07:10,764 --> 00:07:12,474 {\an7}IT’S A BIT MORE THAN THAT, \h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hISN’T IT? 146 00:07:12,515 --> 00:07:14,183 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\hYEAH. OKAY. SO NOW WE HAVE THE DRESS. 147 00:07:14,225 --> 00:07:15,810 {\an7}Glas: SO YOU HAVE TO PUT \h\h\h\h\hYOUR DRESS ON. 148 00:07:15,852 --> 00:07:18,188 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\hTHE DRESS IS VERY RICHLY DECORATED... 149 00:07:18,229 --> 00:07:19,147 {\an7}Borman: RIGHT. 150 00:07:19,189 --> 00:07:20,482 {\an7}Glas: AS YOU CAN SEE. 151 00:07:20,523 --> 00:07:22,233 {\an7}SO IF YOU JUST PUT IT \h\h\h\hFROM THE HEAD. 152 00:07:22,275 --> 00:07:23,777 {\an7}Borman: OKAY, RIGHT. 153 00:07:23,818 --> 00:07:25,320 {\an7}Glas: AND AS YOU WILL SEE, \h\h\hIT WAS QUITE HEAVY. 154 00:07:25,362 --> 00:07:27,906 {\an7}Borman: OH, YES, IT IS. \h\h\h\hIT WEIGHS A TON. 155 00:07:27,948 --> 00:07:29,116 {\an7}[LAUGHS] 156 00:07:29,157 --> 00:07:31,910 {\an7}\h\h\h\hAND THE MATERIAL MUST HAVE BEEN SO RICH. 157 00:07:31,952 --> 00:07:34,872 {\an7}\hGlas: IT WAS MADE OF, YES, IT WAS MADE OF VELVET, SILK. 158 00:07:34,913 --> 00:07:36,123 {\an7}Borman: OKAY. 159 00:07:36,164 --> 00:07:38,291 {\an7}Glas: THIS IS LACE. \h\h\hBorman: YEAH. 160 00:07:38,333 --> 00:07:41,169 {\an7}\h\hGlas: IT’S COMING MAYBE FROM THE REPUBLIC OF VENICE. 161 00:07:41,211 --> 00:07:43,255 {\an7}\h\hBorman: OH, SO IT’S AN INTERNATIONAL TRADE. 162 00:07:43,296 --> 00:07:44,547 {\an7}Glas: OH, YES. 163 00:07:44,589 --> 00:07:46,049 {\an7}Borman: WOW, OKAY. 164 00:07:46,091 --> 00:07:47,593 {\an7}IT’S LOOKING BEAUTIFUL. 165 00:07:47,634 --> 00:07:50,720 {\an7}Selwood: ONE OF THE PRIME \h\hFEATURES OF VERSAILLES 166 00:07:50,762 --> 00:07:54,724 {\an7}\h\h\hWAS ITS FOCUS ON FASHION AND THE WAY THE NOBLES LOOKED. 167 00:07:54,766 --> 00:07:57,894 {\an7}IN VERSAILLES, EACH NOBLE \h\h\h\hWAS BEING WATCHED 168 00:07:57,936 --> 00:08:00,105 {\an7}IN TERMS OF HOW THE KING \h\hWAS LOOKING AT THEM, 169 00:08:00,146 --> 00:08:02,398 {\an7}SO THE COMPETITION WAS FIERCE, 170 00:08:02,440 --> 00:08:04,651 {\an7}AND ONE WAY THEY TRIED TO OUTSHINE EACH OTHER 171 00:08:04,693 --> 00:08:07,237 {\an7}WAS IN CLOTHES AND IN OPULENCE \h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hAND IN WEALTH, 172 00:08:07,278 --> 00:08:09,906 {\an7}AND MANY OF THEM BANKRUPTED \hTHEMSELVES IN THE PROCESS. 173 00:08:09,948 --> 00:08:12,659 {\an7}IT WAS VICIOUS COMPETITION. 174 00:08:12,701 --> 00:08:14,703 {\an7}Borman: SO THERE MUST HAVE BEEN LOTS OF OTHER LADIES 175 00:08:14,744 --> 00:08:18,790 {\an7}ALL COMPETING, ALL GETTING THE FINEST DRESSES AND... 176 00:08:18,832 --> 00:08:20,917 {\an7}Glas: ONE WANTS THE KING \h\h\h\hTO LOOK FOR YOU, 177 00:08:20,959 --> 00:08:22,711 {\an7}YOU KNOW, YOU ARE HIS FAVORITE, IT WAS DONE. 178 00:08:22,752 --> 00:08:24,212 {\an7}Borman: THAT WAS IT. 179 00:08:24,254 --> 00:08:26,089 {\an7}BUT IT’S VERY SEXUALLY CHARGED, ISN’T IT, THE COURT? 180 00:08:26,131 --> 00:08:27,633 {\an7}Glas: IT WAS VERY, VERY \h\h\hSEXUALLY CHARGED. 181 00:08:27,674 --> 00:08:29,593 {\an7}EVERYBODY WAS FLIRTING, \h\h\h\hYOU KNOW, THERE, 182 00:08:29,634 --> 00:08:31,302 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\hAND, YOU KNOW, IT WAS A FLIRTING PERIOD 183 00:08:31,344 --> 00:08:32,804 {\an7}\h\h\hWHERE EVERYBODY COULD SIT AT THE TABLE 184 00:08:32,846 --> 00:08:34,264 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\hAND TRY TO CATCH THE ATTENTION OF THE KING. 185 00:08:34,305 --> 00:08:36,766 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\hBorman: YES. AND WHAT IF YOU FAILED? 186 00:08:36,808 --> 00:08:40,687 {\an7}HAD YOU WASTED YOUR TIME IF YOU DIDN’T CATCH LOUIS’S ATTENTION, 187 00:08:40,729 --> 00:08:42,439 {\an7}YOU KNOW, WAS THERE \h\h\hANYBODY ELSE? 188 00:08:42,480 --> 00:08:44,399 {\an7}\h\h\h\hGlas: WELL, IT WAS A BIG PROBLEM, BECAUSE YOU HAD TO BE, 189 00:08:44,441 --> 00:08:46,026 {\an7}NOT ONLY YOU HAD TO BE BEAUTIFUL, 190 00:08:46,067 --> 00:08:47,569 {\an7}BUT YOU HAD TO BE WITTY, TOO. 191 00:08:47,610 --> 00:08:49,028 {\an7}\h\h\hYOU HAD TO HAVE A GOOD SENSE OF HUMOR, 192 00:08:49,070 --> 00:08:51,114 {\an7}\h\hYOU HAD TO BE ABLE TO HAVE A CONVERSATION 193 00:08:51,156 --> 00:08:53,200 {\an7}AND BE ABLE TO DISTRACT HIM. 194 00:08:53,241 --> 00:08:54,784 {\an7}Borman: BUT PRESUMABLY, \h\h\h\hIF YOU ENDED UP 195 00:08:54,826 --> 00:08:57,078 {\an7}WITH SOME HIGH-RANKING NOBLEMAN INSTEAD OF LOUIS, 196 00:08:57,120 --> 00:08:58,788 {\an7}THEN THAT’S NOT TOO BAD, IS IT? 197 00:08:58,830 --> 00:09:00,832 {\an7}\hYOU HAVEN’T COME AWAY COMPLETELY EMPTY-HANDED. 198 00:09:00,874 --> 00:09:02,209 {\an7}Glas: NO. 199 00:09:02,250 --> 00:09:05,378 {\an7}Borman: OH, IT’S GETTING \h\hNICE AND TIGHT NOW. 200 00:09:05,420 --> 00:09:07,088 {\an7}Rubenhold: THE WOMEN OF COURT 201 00:09:07,130 --> 00:09:11,468 {\an7}KNEW THAT THEY COULD EXERT \hSOME POWER AND INFLUENCE 202 00:09:11,509 --> 00:09:13,386 {\an7}THROUGH THEIR SEXUALITY, 203 00:09:13,428 --> 00:09:16,848 {\an7}AND IF THEY COULD CAPTURE \h\hTHE NOTICE OF THE KING 204 00:09:16,890 --> 00:09:20,602 {\an7}\h\h\hOR ANYBODY IN POWER, BUT THE KING WAS REALLY THE PEACH, 205 00:09:20,643 --> 00:09:22,770 {\an7}THAT’S WHO YOU WERE GOING FOR, 206 00:09:22,812 --> 00:09:25,606 {\an7}THEN AN ENORMOUS DOOR OPENED, 207 00:09:25,815 --> 00:09:31,112 {\an7}\h\h\hAND THERE WERE ALL SORTS OF POSSIBILITIES IN YOUR LIFE. 208 00:09:31,154 --> 00:09:33,406 {\an7}Glas: THE NEXT THING \hIS TO WEAR A WIG. 209 00:09:33,448 --> 00:09:35,158 {\an7}MEN AND WOMEN, BOTH OF THEM. 210 00:09:35,200 --> 00:09:37,828 {\an7}\h\hBorman: OKAY, I’LL JUST PUT MY HAIR BACK LIKE THIS FOR YOU. 211 00:09:37,869 --> 00:09:39,704 {\an7}Glas: WERE WEARING WIGS. \h\h\h\h\hBorman: YEAH. 212 00:09:39,746 --> 00:09:42,916 {\an7}\h\h\hGlas: SO I’M GOING TO ADJUST IT BECAUSE... 213 00:09:42,957 --> 00:09:45,877 {\an7}Borman: WHEN DID THEY BECOME \h\h\h\h\hSO HIGH LIKE THIS? 214 00:09:45,919 --> 00:09:48,547 {\an7}\h\h\hGlas: BECAUSE ONE OF THE MISTRESSES OF LOUIS... 215 00:09:48,588 --> 00:09:49,923 {\an7}Borman: YEAH. 216 00:09:49,964 --> 00:09:51,340 {\an7}Glas: HAD AN ACCIDENT \h\h\h\hWITH A HORSE, 217 00:09:51,382 --> 00:09:52,925 {\an7}AND HER HAIR GOT CAUGHT IN THE BRANCH OF A TREE. 218 00:09:52,967 --> 00:09:54,510 {\an7}Borman: OH, REALLY? 219 00:09:54,552 --> 00:09:57,555 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\hGlas: AND THEN SHE TIED HER HAIR UP, YOU KNOW, 220 00:09:57,597 --> 00:09:59,808 {\an7}AND THE KING LOVED IT AND... 221 00:09:59,849 --> 00:10:01,684 {\an7}\hBorman: SO IT WAS ACCIDENTAL FASHION. 222 00:10:01,726 --> 00:10:03,311 {\an7}Glas: YEAH, EVERYBODY COPIED IT, YOU KNOW, IN THE COURT, 223 00:10:03,353 --> 00:10:04,521 {\an7}WHEN SOMEBODY WAS DOING, 224 00:10:04,562 --> 00:10:06,147 {\an7}\hESPECIALLY WHEN IT WAS A FAVORITE, 225 00:10:06,189 --> 00:10:10,318 {\an7}\h\hALL THE OTHER LADIES WERE TRYING TO COPY HER. 226 00:10:10,360 --> 00:10:13,905 {\an7}Borman: WE’VE DONE OUR BEST, \hOKAY, I’M ALL DECKED OUT, 227 00:10:13,947 --> 00:10:16,575 {\an7}READY TO GO AND CATCH \h\hLOUIS’S ATTENTION. 228 00:10:16,616 --> 00:10:18,952 {\an7}NO MATTER HOW MUCH DISCOMFORT \h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hI MIGHT BE IN, 229 00:10:18,993 --> 00:10:22,663 {\an7}I HAVE TO APPEAR, YOU KNOW, \h\hDELIGHTED TO SEE LOUIS. 230 00:10:22,705 --> 00:10:24,123 {\an7}Glas: OH, ABSOLUTELY. 231 00:10:24,165 --> 00:10:26,167 {\an7}HE AS A, IT WAS THE KING SUN, \h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hLE ROI SOLEIL, 232 00:10:26,209 --> 00:10:28,211 {\an7}SO YOU HAVE TO BE TOTAL, \h\hIN TOTAL IMMERSION. 233 00:10:28,253 --> 00:10:29,671 {\an7}BUT SMILE A LOT. 234 00:10:29,879 --> 00:10:31,255 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\hBorman: OKAY. I’LL GIVE IT MY BEST SHOT. 235 00:10:31,297 --> 00:10:32,381 {\an7}THANK YOU, BARBARA. 236 00:10:32,423 --> 00:10:33,674 {\an7}Glas: GOOD LUCK. 237 00:10:34,551 --> 00:10:42,434 {\an7}♪ 238 00:10:42,475 --> 00:10:44,435 {\an7}Borman: IT WAS NOT UNCOMMON, \h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hOF COURSE, 239 00:10:44,477 --> 00:10:47,814 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\hFOR KINGS TO HAVE PRETTY INTERESTING LOVE LIVES. 240 00:10:47,856 --> 00:10:50,192 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\hAFTER ALL, IT WAS ALMOST EXPECTED 241 00:10:50,233 --> 00:10:52,235 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\hTHAT A MONARCH SHOULD KEEP MISTRESSES, 242 00:10:52,277 --> 00:10:54,237 {\an7}AND LOUIS WAS NO DIFFERENT. 243 00:10:54,279 --> 00:10:56,406 {\an7}HE HAD A VERY HEALTHY LIBIDO, 244 00:10:56,447 --> 00:11:00,451 {\an7}WHICH ENABLED HIM TO FATHER MORE THAN 12 ILLEGITIMATE CHILDREN, 245 00:11:00,493 --> 00:11:04,455 {\an7}\h\hAND THAT WAS IN ADDITION TO THE SIX BORN TO HIM BY HIS WIFE, 246 00:11:04,497 --> 00:11:08,710 {\an7}MARIA THERESA OF AUSTRIA. 247 00:11:08,751 --> 00:11:10,711 {\an7}BUT THIS WAS NOT \hTHE FIRST TIME 248 00:11:10,920 --> 00:11:11,712 {\an7}THAT THE KING’S MARRIAGE 249 00:11:11,921 --> 00:11:13,381 {\an7}HAD FACED DIFFICULTIES. 250 00:11:13,423 --> 00:11:15,508 {\an7}RUMORS CIRCULATED AT COURT 251 00:11:15,550 --> 00:11:17,510 {\an7}THAT QUEEN MARIA THERESA 252 00:11:17,552 --> 00:11:20,638 {\an7}HAD GIVEN BIRTH TO A BLACK BABY, 253 00:11:20,680 --> 00:11:25,310 {\an7}\h\h\h\hAND THEN THERE WAS THE MYSTERIOUS BLACK NUN OF MORAY. 254 00:11:28,146 --> 00:11:31,483 {\an7}McMahon: LOUIS SAID THAT KINGS SHOULD ENJOY GIVING PLEASURE, 255 00:11:31,524 --> 00:11:33,443 {\an7}AND HE LIVED BY THAT MAXIM. 256 00:11:33,484 --> 00:11:35,486 {\an7}HE HAD ABOUT 20 MISTRESSES. 257 00:11:35,528 --> 00:11:38,906 {\an7}\hHE WAS NEVER FAITHFUL TO HIS WIFE, MARIA THERESA OF SPAIN, 258 00:11:38,948 --> 00:11:41,993 {\an7}AND HE’D OFTEN ARRIVE LATE \h\hBACK TO BED WITH HER, 259 00:11:42,035 --> 00:11:43,286 {\an7}WAY PAST MIDNIGHT AND SAY THAT 260 00:11:43,328 --> 00:11:44,913 {\an7}PAPERWORK HAD KEPT HIM BUSY, 261 00:11:44,954 --> 00:11:47,039 {\an7}BUT HE WAS CONSTANTLY IN BED 262 00:11:47,081 --> 00:11:48,165 {\an7}WITH HIS OTHER MISTRESSES, 263 00:11:48,208 --> 00:11:49,918 {\an7}I MEAN, ATHENAIS DE MONTESPAN, 264 00:11:49,959 --> 00:11:51,544 {\an7}HE’S SUPPOSED TO HAVE \h\h\hMADE LOVE TO HER 265 00:11:51,586 --> 00:11:53,171 {\an7}AT LEAST THREE TIMES A DAY. 266 00:11:53,213 --> 00:11:55,298 {\an7}SHE MEANWHILE SAW OFF HER RIVALS 267 00:11:55,340 --> 00:11:58,218 {\an7}\hBY SPREADING ALL SORTS OF CALUMNIES ABOUT THEM, 268 00:11:58,259 --> 00:12:00,511 {\an7}SUCH AS THEY HAVE SCABS \h\hALL OVER THEIR BODY, 269 00:12:00,553 --> 00:12:02,013 {\an7}THAT WAS ONE OF HER FAVORITES. 270 00:12:02,055 --> 00:12:03,848 {\an7}SHE’D SAY THAT THEY HAD A BAD CASE OF THE CLAP, 271 00:12:03,890 --> 00:12:05,183 {\an7}THAT KIND OF THING. 272 00:12:05,225 --> 00:12:09,354 {\an7}THERE WAS A HUGE AMOUNT OF BACK-BITING AT COURT. 273 00:12:09,395 --> 00:12:12,440 {\an7}Green: IN VERSAILLES, \hWOMEN WERE CURRENCY. 274 00:12:12,482 --> 00:12:14,025 {\an7}IMAGINE YOU’VE GOT ALL THESE PEOPLE, 275 00:12:14,067 --> 00:12:15,944 {\an7}MANY THOUSANDS OF PEOPLE, 276 00:12:15,985 --> 00:12:18,154 {\an7}ALL SWARMING, IT WAS LIKE \h\h\h\h\hA GIANT BEEHIVE. 277 00:12:18,196 --> 00:12:21,074 {\an7}THEY’RE ALL TRYING TO CATCH \h\hTHE EYE OF THE SUN KING. 278 00:12:21,115 --> 00:12:23,409 {\an7}THINK OF HIM, IF YOU LIKE, \h\h\h\hAS THE QUEEN BEE. 279 00:12:23,451 --> 00:12:25,787 {\an7}AND THERE’S THREE WAYS \h\hTHEY CAN DO THIS. 280 00:12:25,828 --> 00:12:29,498 {\an7}FIRSTLY, THROUGH THEIR NATURAL \hLOOKS, THROUGH THEIR CURVES, 281 00:12:29,540 --> 00:12:31,333 {\an7}\h\h\h\hTHROUGH, YOU KNOW, THEIR NATURAL PROPORTIONS. 282 00:12:31,376 --> 00:12:34,129 {\an7}SECONDLY, THROUGH THE WAY \h\hTHAT THEY’RE DRESSED, 283 00:12:34,170 --> 00:12:37,632 {\an7}AND THIRDLY, VIA THEIR SMELL. 284 00:12:37,674 --> 00:12:39,009 {\an7}\hRideal: OBVIOUSLY THERE WERE MANY PROS 285 00:12:39,050 --> 00:12:40,552 {\an7}TO CATCHING THE EYE OF THE KING. 286 00:12:40,593 --> 00:12:41,928 {\an7}\h\h\hIF YOU BECAME THE KING’S MISTRESS, 287 00:12:41,970 --> 00:12:45,140 {\an7}IT WOULD COME WITH LOTS OF OTHER PERKS AS WELL. 288 00:12:45,181 --> 00:12:47,266 {\an7}\h\h\hYOU WOULD HAVE LOVELY NEW CLOTHES, 289 00:12:47,308 --> 00:12:49,352 {\an7}YOU WOULD GAIN A POSITION. 290 00:12:49,394 --> 00:12:50,729 {\an7}MANY OF THEM BORE HIM CHILDREN, 291 00:12:50,770 --> 00:12:53,189 {\an7}SOME EVEN MORE CHILDREN \h\h\hTHAN HIS OWN WIFE, 292 00:12:53,231 --> 00:12:56,234 {\an7}\hAND HE LEGITIMIZED A LOT OF THESE CHILDREN AS WELL, 293 00:12:56,276 --> 00:12:57,819 {\an7}SO AGAIN THAT’S ANOTHER PERK. 294 00:12:57,860 --> 00:13:03,074 {\an7}\h\h\hTHERE WERE MANY PROS TO CATCHING THE EYE OF LOUIS XIV. 295 00:13:03,116 --> 00:13:07,329 {\an7}Borman: LIFE IN VERSAILLES WAS \hRUN WITH MILITARY PRECISION, 296 00:13:07,370 --> 00:13:10,331 {\an7}WITH EVERYTHING REVOLVING \h\h\h\h\hAROUND THE KING. 297 00:13:10,373 --> 00:13:15,044 {\an7}COURTIERS WERE EXPECTED TO PLAN THEIR DAYS AROUND HIS SCHEDULE. 298 00:13:15,086 --> 00:13:17,922 {\an7}AT 7:30 A.M., HE ROSE. 299 00:13:17,964 --> 00:13:20,592 {\an7}AT 10:00 HE ATTENDED MASS. 300 00:13:20,633 --> 00:13:23,302 {\an7}AT 11:00 HE HAD COUNSEL MEETINGS 301 00:13:23,344 --> 00:13:26,305 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\hFOLLOWED BY A PRIVATE LUNCH ALONE. 302 00:13:26,347 --> 00:13:30,101 {\an7}AT 2:00 P.M. HE WENT ON A HUNT \h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hOR HAD A WALK, 303 00:13:30,143 --> 00:13:34,147 {\an7}THEN AT 6:00 P.M. HE READ STATE PAPERS AND DOCUMENTS 304 00:13:34,188 --> 00:13:38,984 {\an7}BEFORE EATING A MUCH LARGER MEAL IN PUBLIC AROUND 10:00 P.M. 305 00:13:39,027 --> 00:13:42,906 {\an7}\hAND THEN RETIRING AT AROUND 11:30 P.M. 306 00:13:42,947 --> 00:13:44,699 {\an7}ON TOP OF ALL THAT, 307 00:13:44,741 --> 00:13:48,578 {\an7}THE KING CAME UP WITH ANOTHER \h\h\h\h\hRATHER INGENIOUS WAY 308 00:13:48,619 --> 00:13:52,706 {\an7}TO USE HIS ROUTINE TO PART \hNOBLES FROM THEIR MONEY. 309 00:13:52,749 --> 00:13:58,546 {\an7}THEY COULD PAY TO WATCH HIM EAT OR BATHE OR EVEN SLEEP. 310 00:13:58,588 --> 00:14:02,884 {\an7}Rubenhold: LOUIS’S LIFE \hWAS COMPLETELY PUBLIC, 311 00:14:02,925 --> 00:14:04,927 {\an7}AND HE WANTED IT TO BE PUBLIC 312 00:14:04,969 --> 00:14:08,222 {\an7}BECAUSE IT WAS A PUBLIC DISPLAY OF HIS POWER, 313 00:14:08,264 --> 00:14:10,266 {\an7}AND HE WAS AT THE CENTER \h\h\h\h\hOF EVERYTHING, 314 00:14:10,308 --> 00:14:12,894 {\an7}AND PEOPLE WOULD COME \h\hTO WATCH THE KING 315 00:14:13,102 --> 00:14:15,396 {\an7}DO THE MOST MUNDANE THINGS 316 00:14:15,438 --> 00:14:19,692 {\an7}\h\h\h\hBECAUSE HE WAS THIS FORCE TO BEHOLD. 317 00:14:19,734 --> 00:14:21,736 {\an7}IN FACT, WHAT IS SO INTERESTING 318 00:14:21,778 --> 00:14:25,907 {\an7}\h\h\h\hIS THAT IF YOU LOOK AT THE ARCHITECTURE OF VERSAILLES 319 00:14:26,115 --> 00:14:28,492 {\an7}AND HIS BEDROOM IN PARTICULAR, 320 00:14:28,534 --> 00:14:31,912 {\an7}IT HAS A SORT OF SCREEN \h\h\h\hAROUND THE BED, 321 00:14:32,121 --> 00:14:35,333 {\an7}WHICH LOOKS LIKE A THEATER, \h\h\hIT’S ON A RAISED DAIS. 322 00:14:35,375 --> 00:14:39,504 {\an7}\h\h\h\hTHE BED IS PART OF A THEATRICAL PERFORMANCE. 323 00:14:41,381 --> 00:14:44,092 {\an7}Green: PEOPLE THOUGHT OF HIM \h\h\hAS SOMETHING OF A GOD, 324 00:14:44,133 --> 00:14:45,926 {\an7}AND, YOU KNOW, WHY NOT PAY 325 00:14:46,135 --> 00:14:48,012 {\an7}\hTO GO AND SEE A GOD WAKE UP OR GO TO BED? 326 00:14:48,054 --> 00:14:50,014 {\an7}IT WAS ALL A KIND OF \hNOT SO SUBTLE WAY 327 00:14:50,056 --> 00:14:54,269 {\an7}\hOF HIM ASSERTING AND PROJECTING HIS POWER, 328 00:14:54,310 --> 00:14:55,853 {\an7}AND IT JUST KIND OF, 329 00:14:55,895 --> 00:14:59,524 {\an7}IT’S TESTAMENT TO THE GODLIKE \h\h\h\h\h\hSTATUS OF THE KING 330 00:14:59,565 --> 00:15:01,942 {\an7}AND ALSO THE WHOLE CULT THAT \hLOUIS MANAGED TO ENGINEER 331 00:15:02,151 --> 00:15:03,319 {\an7}THAT WAS SO SUCCESSFUL 332 00:15:03,361 --> 00:15:05,655 {\an7}THAT PEOPLE ACTUALLY WANTED TO WATCH HIM, 333 00:15:05,696 --> 00:15:09,366 {\an7}\hYOU KNOW, WAKE UP BLEARY-EYED IN THE MORNING AND GET DRESSED. 334 00:15:09,409 --> 00:15:11,077 {\an7}IT MAKES THE MIND BOGGLE TODAY, 335 00:15:11,119 --> 00:15:14,998 {\an7}\h\hBUT IT WAS A BIG PART OF THE CULTURE OF VERSAILLES BACK THEN. 336 00:15:15,039 --> 00:15:16,499 {\an7}Selwood: LOUIS’S DAY REVOLVED 337 00:15:16,541 --> 00:15:18,668 {\an7}\h\h\h\hAROUND HIM BEING THE CENTER OF ATTENTION. 338 00:15:18,709 --> 00:15:23,005 {\an7}\h\hHIS ENTIRE LIFE WAS ONE TRUMAN BURBANK PUBLIC SHOW. 339 00:15:23,047 --> 00:15:25,800 {\an7}\h\h\h\hAT VERSAILLES, EVEN THE ARCHITECTURE DEMONSTRATES THIS, 340 00:15:25,842 --> 00:15:28,678 {\an7}THE CENTRALITY OF HIS BEDROOM \h\h\h\h\h\h\hIN THE BUILDING. 341 00:15:28,719 --> 00:15:30,971 {\an7}THIS WAS THE LOUIS SHOW. 342 00:15:40,857 --> 00:15:42,359 {\an7}\h\hBorman: BUT OF ALL THE ACTIVITIES 343 00:15:42,400 --> 00:15:45,987 {\an7}\h\h\h\hTHAT WERE SURROUNDED BY POMP AND CEREMONY AT VERSAILLES, 344 00:15:46,028 --> 00:15:48,572 {\an7}NOTHING MATCHED MEAL TIMES. 345 00:15:48,614 --> 00:15:51,367 {\an7}WHILE BREAKFAST AND LUNCH \h\h\hWERE PRIVATE MEALS, 346 00:15:51,409 --> 00:15:54,412 {\an7}THE TEN O’CLOCK DINNER \h\hWAS A GRAND AFFAIR 347 00:15:54,454 --> 00:15:57,165 {\an7}\h\h\hTHAT WAS OPEN TO THE WHOLE COURT. 348 00:15:57,206 --> 00:15:59,291 {\an7}TO GIVE SOME IDEA \hOF ITS GRANDEUR, 349 00:15:59,333 --> 00:16:03,671 {\an7}IT TOOK 500 PEOPLE TO PREPARE \h\h\h\h\hAND SERVE THE MEAL, 350 00:16:03,713 --> 00:16:06,341 {\an7}WHICH WAS ACCOMPANIED \h\h\h\hBY MUSICIANS. 351 00:16:06,382 --> 00:16:10,595 {\an7}CONVERSATION WAS FORBIDDEN, \hLEST IT DISTRACT THE KING. 352 00:16:10,636 --> 00:16:12,012 {\an7}TWO OTHER THINGS: 353 00:16:12,054 --> 00:16:14,598 {\an7}LOUIS PREFERRED TO EAT \h\hWITH HIS FINGERS, 354 00:16:14,640 --> 00:16:17,852 {\an7}\h\h\hEVEN THOUGH FORKS WERE IN COMMON USE BY THIS TIME, 355 00:16:17,894 --> 00:16:21,439 {\an7}AND POINTED KNIVES WERE \hBANNED FROM THE TABLE. 356 00:16:22,732 --> 00:16:30,365 {\an7}♪ 357 00:16:30,406 --> 00:16:33,159 {\an7}Borman: SUSAN LOOMIS IS AN AMERICAN CHEF 358 00:16:33,201 --> 00:16:36,913 {\an7}WHO IS AN EXPERT ON THE FOOD \h\h\hAND DINING EXPERIENCES 359 00:16:36,954 --> 00:16:39,206 {\an7}OF LOUIS XIV’S COURT. 360 00:16:39,248 --> 00:16:42,126 {\an7}SHE AGREED TO PREPARE \hAN ACTUAL FULL MEAL 361 00:16:42,168 --> 00:16:45,588 {\an7}\hTHAT WOULD HAVE BEEN SERVED AT VERSAILLES. 362 00:16:48,090 --> 00:16:51,302 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\hSusan Loomis: ONE OF HIS FAVORITE DISHES 363 00:16:51,344 --> 00:16:54,514 {\an7}WAS ORANGES WITH CARAMEL. 364 00:16:54,555 --> 00:16:56,766 {\an7}I PUT VANILLA SUGAR IN HERE, 365 00:16:56,807 --> 00:16:58,517 {\an7}\h\hSO THE CARAMEL, WHEN IT CARAMELIZES, 366 00:16:58,559 --> 00:17:00,061 {\an7}IT’LL TAKE A FEW MINUTES, 367 00:17:00,102 --> 00:17:01,979 {\an7}BUT IT’LL HAVE A LITTLE BIT \h\h\h\hOF A VANILLA FLAVOR. 368 00:17:02,021 --> 00:17:04,899 {\an7}Borman: OKAY. AND WOULD HE HAVE HAD VANILLA IN HIS COURT? 369 00:17:04,941 --> 00:17:06,234 {\an7}Loomis: HE WOULD. HE WOULD, 370 00:17:06,275 --> 00:17:07,693 {\an7}BECAUSE OF THE SPICE ROUTE, 371 00:17:07,735 --> 00:17:09,320 {\an7}WHICH WAS THE MIDDLE AGES. 372 00:17:09,362 --> 00:17:11,489 {\an7}THEY HAD ANY SPICE THEY WANTED, 373 00:17:11,531 --> 00:17:16,411 {\an7}\h\hBUT THEY DIDN’T REALLY WANT MANY, BUT THEY DID USE VANILLA. 374 00:17:16,452 --> 00:17:18,120 {\an7}OKAY, SO WE’VE GOT THE SUGAR. \h\h\h\hIT’S ALL CARAMELIZED. 375 00:17:18,162 --> 00:17:19,497 {\an7}Borman: OKAY. IT’S LOOKING GOOD. 376 00:17:19,539 --> 00:17:22,083 {\an7}Loomis: I’M TAKING IT OVER HERE TO THE ORANGES, 377 00:17:22,291 --> 00:17:24,460 {\an7}ALRIGHT, FROM UP HERE. 378 00:17:24,502 --> 00:17:26,421 {\an7}\h[SIZZLING] Borman: OOH. 379 00:17:26,462 --> 00:17:28,130 {\an7}\h\h\hTHAT MAKES THE MOST SATISFYING SIZZLING SOUND. 380 00:17:28,172 --> 00:17:29,965 {\an7}WOW, LOOK AT THAT. 381 00:17:30,007 --> 00:17:32,343 {\an7}\hNOW THAT IS A DISH FOR A SWEET TOOTH, ISN’T IT? 382 00:17:32,385 --> 00:17:35,972 {\an7}\h\h\hLoomis: WELL, IT IS, AND, YEAH, IT’S EXPLOSIVE, 383 00:17:36,013 --> 00:17:38,974 {\an7}\h\h\h\hBECAUSE YOU BITE INTO THE ORANGES AND THEY’RE JUICY. 384 00:17:39,016 --> 00:17:40,601 {\an7}SO IT’S CRACKLY AND IT’S... 385 00:17:40,643 --> 00:17:41,853 {\an7}Borman: IT’S KIND OF LIKE \h\h\h\h\hA TOFFEE APPLE, 386 00:17:41,894 --> 00:17:43,270 {\an7}BUT THE ORANGE VERSION. \h\h\h\h\hIT’S AMAZING. 387 00:17:43,312 --> 00:17:44,438 {\an7}\h\h\h\hLoomis: IT’S LIKE A TOFFEE ORANGE, EXACTLY. 388 00:17:44,480 --> 00:17:46,148 {\an7}Borman: YEAH. YEAH. 389 00:17:46,190 --> 00:17:47,858 {\an7}\hLoomis: THEY WOULD JUST WAIT FOR THE CARAMEL TO TURN HARD, 390 00:17:47,900 --> 00:17:50,194 {\an7}\hAND THEN WE’VE GOT ANOTHER AMAZING THING FOR THIS DISH. 391 00:17:50,236 --> 00:17:51,237 {\an7}Borman: WOW. COULD IT GET \h\h\h\h\h\hMORE AMAZING? 392 00:17:51,279 --> 00:17:52,822 {\an7}Loomis: WHICH IS... 393 00:17:52,863 --> 00:17:54,365 {\an7}WELL, REMEMBER THIS IS ONE \h\hOF LOUIS’S FAVORITES. 394 00:17:54,407 --> 00:17:55,325 {\an7}Borman: HMM. 395 00:17:55,366 --> 00:17:56,868 {\an7}Loomis: ORANGES, CARAMEL. 396 00:17:56,909 --> 00:17:59,328 {\an7}THE OTHER THING HE LOVED, \h\h\h\hHOWEVER, WAS GOLD. 397 00:17:59,370 --> 00:18:00,746 {\an7}Borman: OF COURSE HE DID. 398 00:18:00,788 --> 00:18:03,291 {\an7}Loomis: SO WHAT WE HAVE HERE \h\h\h\h\h\hIS EDIBLE GOLD. 399 00:18:03,332 --> 00:18:05,167 {\an7}Borman: EDIBLE GOLD. \h\h\h\hLoomis: YEP. 400 00:18:05,209 --> 00:18:07,920 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\hBorman: LOOK AT THIS. YOU CAN SEE WHY LOUIS LOVED IT. 401 00:18:07,962 --> 00:18:09,297 {\an7}IT’S ALL ABOUT THE BLING, \h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hISN’T IT? 402 00:18:09,338 --> 00:18:10,923 {\an7}Loomis: IT’S ALL ABOUT THE BLING, 403 00:18:10,965 --> 00:18:14,343 {\an7}AND HOW GOOD HE COULD FEEL ABOUT BEING SUCH A WEALTHY KING 404 00:18:14,385 --> 00:18:16,012 {\an7}AND REALLY APPOINTED BY GOD. 405 00:18:16,053 --> 00:18:17,388 {\an7}Borman: AND IT’S JUST DECADENCE, 406 00:18:17,430 --> 00:18:18,806 {\an7}’CAUSE THIS DOESN’T \hTASTE OF ANYTHING. 407 00:18:18,848 --> 00:18:19,807 {\an7}IT’S REALLY JUST FOR SHOW. 408 00:18:19,849 --> 00:18:21,351 {\an7}Loomis: NO, NO, NO. 409 00:18:21,392 --> 00:18:25,354 {\an7}NO, IT’S JUST TO MAKE HIM \hFEEL GOOD IN HIS WEALTH. 410 00:18:25,396 --> 00:18:28,316 {\an7}McMahon: SO, VERSAILLES PARTIES WOULD GO ON FOR DAYS, 411 00:18:28,357 --> 00:18:31,318 {\an7}AND THERE WOULD BE A CROWD THAT WOULD BE TAKEN ALONG 412 00:18:31,360 --> 00:18:33,195 {\an7}TO HAVE A FEAST FIRST OF ALL, 413 00:18:33,237 --> 00:18:35,448 {\an7}\h\h\h\hAND THERE’D BE GOLD-SPRINKLED MEALS, 414 00:18:35,489 --> 00:18:37,825 {\an7}SOUPS WITH GOLD LEAF \h\h\hAND TRUFFLES, 415 00:18:37,867 --> 00:18:39,911 {\an7}\hAND THEN THEY’D GO AND WATCH A PLAY BY MOLIERE 416 00:18:39,952 --> 00:18:41,829 {\an7}OR ONE OF HIS PET PLAYWRIGHTS, 417 00:18:41,871 --> 00:18:43,414 {\an7}AND THEN THEY’D GO \hAND THEY’D WATCH 418 00:18:43,456 --> 00:18:46,459 {\an7}THIS MASSIVE FIREWORKS DISPLAY \h\h\h\h\h\hBEHIND THE PALACE 419 00:18:46,500 --> 00:18:49,837 {\an7}ILLUMINATING ALL THE STATUES \h\h\h\h\hAND THE FOUNTAINS, 420 00:18:49,879 --> 00:18:51,631 {\an7}AND SO THEY’RE LUXURIOUS, 421 00:18:51,672 --> 00:18:55,843 {\an7}\hTHERE WAS NO EXPENSE SPARED BY LOUIS FOR THESE KIND OF PARTIES. 422 00:18:55,885 --> 00:18:57,887 {\an7}Loomis: TRACY, WE’VE GOT \h\hSOME FOIE GRAS HERE. 423 00:18:57,928 --> 00:19:00,305 {\an7}I’M GONNA SLICE IT UP \hINTO PORTIONS, OKAY, 424 00:19:00,348 --> 00:19:02,600 {\an7}THESE ARE CALLED ESCALOPE, 425 00:19:02,642 --> 00:19:04,853 {\an7}\h\h\hAND THIS JUST MAKES IT A LITTLE BIT EASIER TO COOK. 426 00:19:04,894 --> 00:19:06,312 {\an7}\hBorman: OKAY. Loomis: ALRIGHT. 427 00:19:06,354 --> 00:19:08,690 {\an7}SO IT’S A VERY QUICK PROCESS. 428 00:19:08,731 --> 00:19:09,732 {\an7}IT GOES IN THE PAN. 429 00:19:09,774 --> 00:19:10,900 {\an7}Borman: VERY, VERY HOT PAN. 430 00:19:10,941 --> 00:19:12,025 {\an7}Loomis: IT’S GOT TO BE \h\h\h\h\h\hA HOT PAN. 431 00:19:12,068 --> 00:19:13,069 {\an7}GOT TO BE A HOT PAN. 432 00:19:13,110 --> 00:19:14,194 {\an7}Borman: MM-HMM. 433 00:19:14,236 --> 00:19:16,613 {\an7}Loomis: ALRIGHT. \hBorman: OKAY. 434 00:19:16,656 --> 00:19:18,366 {\an7}Loomis: SO WHAT YOU’RE GONNA DO IS TURN THE PIECES 435 00:19:18,407 --> 00:19:19,867 {\an7}AND SHAKE THE PAN \hSIMULTANEOUSLY. 436 00:19:19,909 --> 00:19:21,202 {\an7}Borman: OH. RIGHT. OKAY. 437 00:19:21,410 --> 00:19:22,411 {\an7}Loomis: MULTITASKING. \h\h\h\hMULTITASKING. 438 00:19:22,453 --> 00:19:25,873 {\an7}Borman: LIKE THAT? OKAY. \h\h\h\h\h\hYOU SHOW ME. 439 00:19:25,915 --> 00:19:27,041 {\an7}RIGHT. LET ME HAVE A GO. 440 00:19:27,083 --> 00:19:28,042 {\an7}Loomis: ALRIGHT. \hBorman: OKAY. 441 00:19:28,084 --> 00:19:29,627 {\an7}Loomis: OKAY. 442 00:19:29,669 --> 00:19:32,964 {\an7}\h\h\hBorman: OKAY. Loomis: GOOD. GOOD. 443 00:19:33,005 --> 00:19:34,673 {\an7}Borman: WHAT AM I LOOKING FOR? \h\hWHEN DO WE KNOW IT’S DONE? 444 00:19:34,715 --> 00:19:36,008 {\an7}\h\h\hLoomis: SO YOU SEE THE COLOR OF IT, MOSTLY, 445 00:19:36,050 --> 00:19:37,009 {\an7}\h\hAND YOU DON’T WANT TO LEAVE IT TOO LONG, 446 00:19:37,051 --> 00:19:38,427 {\an7}’CAUSE YOU CAN SEE IT’S MELTING. 447 00:19:38,469 --> 00:19:39,929 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\hBorman: YEAH. IT’S DARKENING QUITE A LOT. 448 00:19:39,970 --> 00:19:41,555 {\an7}Loomis: I WANT YOU TO TURN \hOVER HERE TO THIS PLATE. 449 00:19:41,597 --> 00:19:42,932 {\an7}Borman: OKAY. 450 00:19:42,973 --> 00:19:44,433 {\an7}Loomis: AND PUT THE PIECES \h\h\h\h\h\hON THE PLATE. 451 00:19:44,475 --> 00:19:45,476 {\an7}\h\h\hBorman: OKAY. Loomis: YOU’RE DONE. 452 00:19:45,518 --> 00:19:46,894 {\an7}Borman: LOVELY. 453 00:19:46,936 --> 00:19:48,938 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\hLoomis: LESS... IT’S ABOUT A MINUTE ALL TOLD. 454 00:19:48,979 --> 00:19:50,522 {\an7}Borman: AND THIS WOULD BE SERVED STRAIGHTAWAY PIPING HOT. 455 00:19:50,564 --> 00:19:53,358 {\an7}Loomis: STRAIGHTAWAY, AND YOU \h\h\hCAN POUR THE FAT OVER IT 456 00:19:53,401 --> 00:19:55,945 {\an7}AND THEN PUT THE PAN \hBACK ON THE STOVE. 457 00:19:55,986 --> 00:19:57,279 {\an7}\h\hBorman: MMM. Loomis: PERFECT. 458 00:19:57,321 --> 00:19:58,572 {\an7}Borman: WONDERFUL. OKAY. 459 00:19:58,614 --> 00:20:00,241 {\an7}Loomis: ALRIGHT. 460 00:20:00,282 --> 00:20:02,326 {\an7}\h\h\h\hTHERE WE GO. THAT’S READY TO GO. 461 00:20:02,368 --> 00:20:03,452 {\an7}Borman: BEAUTIFUL. 462 00:20:03,494 --> 00:20:05,162 {\an7}Loomis: ALRIGHT? \hBorman: OKAY. 463 00:20:06,747 --> 00:20:08,874 {\an7}\hBorman: LOUIS’S EXTRAVAGANT MEALS 464 00:20:08,916 --> 00:20:11,502 {\an7}WERE NOT JUST RESERVED \h\h\h\h\hFOR PARTIES. 465 00:20:11,544 --> 00:20:14,922 {\an7}\hHE ATE LIKE THIS EVERY SINGLE DAY. 466 00:20:14,964 --> 00:20:16,924 {\an7}THE KING WOULD BE SERVED EVERYTHING 467 00:20:16,966 --> 00:20:20,803 {\an7}FROM ASPARAGUS A LA CRÈME \h\h\h\h\hTO JUS DE BOEUF, 468 00:20:20,845 --> 00:20:24,974 {\an7}LAPIN EN SAUCE, AND FOIE GRAS. 469 00:20:25,015 --> 00:20:28,185 {\an7}\h\hIT ALL SOUNDS RATHER DECADENT AND EXCESSIVE, 470 00:20:28,227 --> 00:20:29,937 {\an7}\hBUT HAVING GONE TO ALL THE TROUBLE 471 00:20:29,979 --> 00:20:31,856 {\an7}OF PREPARING SUCH A MEAL, 472 00:20:31,897 --> 00:20:35,692 {\an7}I HAVE TO TRY IT. 473 00:20:35,735 --> 00:20:37,445 {\an7}Loomis: I WANT YOU TO TRY \h\h\h\h\hTHE BEEF CHEEKS. 474 00:20:37,486 --> 00:20:38,779 {\an7}Borman: MMM. 475 00:20:38,821 --> 00:20:40,406 {\an7}Loomis: WHICH WAS ONE \h\h\h\hOF THE DISHES 476 00:20:40,448 --> 00:20:42,617 {\an7}THAT LOUIS WOULD HAVE STARTED HIS MEAL WITH. 477 00:20:42,658 --> 00:20:43,576 {\an7}Borman: MMM. 478 00:20:43,617 --> 00:20:44,576 {\an7}Loomis: SO THERE’S THAT. 479 00:20:44,618 --> 00:20:46,286 {\an7}Borman: THANK YOU. 480 00:20:46,328 --> 00:20:48,205 {\an7}NOW I KNOW LOUIS WOULD EAT WITH HIS HANDS OFTEN, WOULDN’T HE? 481 00:20:48,247 --> 00:20:49,749 {\an7}BUT I’M GONNA BE MORE POLITE. 482 00:20:49,790 --> 00:20:51,292 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\hLoomis: HE WOULD. Borman: I’M GONNA TRY THIS. 483 00:20:51,500 --> 00:20:53,669 {\an7}Loomis: AND HE ALWAYS ATE \h\hOFF OF A SILVER PLATE. 484 00:20:53,711 --> 00:20:55,421 {\an7}\h\h\hBorman: THAT IS ABSOLUTELY DELICIOUS. 485 00:20:55,463 --> 00:20:57,507 {\an7}\h\hLoomis: GOOD. Borman: MMM. OKAY. 486 00:20:57,548 --> 00:20:59,091 {\an7}WHAT SHALL WE GO FOR NEXT, \h\h\h\h\h\hDO YOU THINK? 487 00:20:59,133 --> 00:21:02,511 {\an7}Loomis: SO NEXT I THINK YOU NEED TO TRY THE FOIE GRAS. 488 00:21:02,553 --> 00:21:05,014 {\an7}\h\h\hYOU KNOW, FOIE GRAS IS A SIGNATURE OF FRENCH FOOD, 489 00:21:05,055 --> 00:21:06,515 {\an7}AND IT ALWAYS HAS BEEN. 490 00:21:06,557 --> 00:21:08,309 {\an7}Borman: MMM. 491 00:21:08,517 --> 00:21:13,230 {\an7}\hLoomis: THIS IS SOMETHING THAT LOUIS WOULD HAVE PROBABLY SERVED 492 00:21:13,272 --> 00:21:15,858 {\an7}\hATOP A CHICKEN BREAST OR SOMETHING LIKE THAT, 493 00:21:15,900 --> 00:21:18,319 {\an7}\hBUT WE’RE TRYING IT JUST LIKE THIS TODAY. 494 00:21:18,360 --> 00:21:19,903 {\an7}Borman: JUST SAUTÉED. 495 00:21:19,945 --> 00:21:22,948 {\an7}DO THE FRENCH STILL EAT IT \h\h\h\h\hLIKE THIS TODAY? 496 00:21:22,990 --> 00:21:25,034 {\an7}Loomis: OH, ABSOLUTELY THEY DO. ARE YOU KIDDING? 497 00:21:25,075 --> 00:21:26,577 {\an7}AND THIS IS LOCALLY GROWN 498 00:21:26,619 --> 00:21:28,621 {\an7}THE WAY IT WOULD HAVE BEEN \h\h\hDURING LOUIS’S TIME. 499 00:21:28,662 --> 00:21:32,082 {\an7}Borman: MMM. MMM. THAT IS DELICIOUS. 500 00:21:32,124 --> 00:21:34,209 {\an7}\h\hRubenhold: WE READ ABOUT THESE EXCESSES, 501 00:21:34,251 --> 00:21:37,921 {\an7}\hAND WE THINK THIS IS REALLY EXTRAORDINARY, 502 00:21:37,963 --> 00:21:40,591 {\an7}BUT IT’S NOT AS SHOCKING TO US 503 00:21:40,633 --> 00:21:43,177 {\an7}\h\hAS IT WOULD HAVE BEEN TO THE PEOPLE OF THE ERA, 504 00:21:43,219 --> 00:21:45,930 {\an7}THE ORDINARY COMMON \hPEOPLE OF THE ERA 505 00:21:45,971 --> 00:21:50,559 {\an7}FOR WHOM IT WAS A STRUGGLE \h\h\h\hJUST TO GET BREAD, 506 00:21:50,601 --> 00:21:53,687 {\an7}AND HERE IS A MAN WHO’S BASICALLY EATING HIS WAY 507 00:21:53,729 --> 00:21:57,816 {\an7}THROUGH A FLOCK OF SWANS AND, \hYOU KNOW, 20 OTHER COURSES, 508 00:21:57,858 --> 00:22:00,235 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\hAND, YOU KNOW, SITTING ON GILDED CHAIRS 509 00:22:00,277 --> 00:22:03,781 {\an7}\hAND WASHING HIS HANDS IN WINE AND DOING THESE TYPES OF THINGS, 510 00:22:03,823 --> 00:22:07,702 {\an7}AND IT JUST WOULD HAVE BEEN \h\h\h\h\h\h\hINCONCEIVABLE 511 00:22:07,743 --> 00:22:10,829 {\an7}TO THE ORDINARY PERSON. 512 00:22:10,871 --> 00:22:12,581 {\an7}Loomis: NOW THE OTHER THING \h\h\h\h\hLOUIS LOVED TO DO, 513 00:22:12,623 --> 00:22:16,710 {\an7}\h\hI WANT YOU TO TRY A LITTLE ORANGE, CARAMEL AND GOLD LEAF. 514 00:22:16,752 --> 00:22:18,963 {\an7}Borman: IT’S GONNA BE QUITE \h\h\h\h\hA HEALTHY DESSERT 515 00:22:19,004 --> 00:22:21,465 {\an7}APART FROM THE HUGE AMOUNT \hOF SUGAR POURED OVER IT. 516 00:22:21,507 --> 00:22:22,925 {\an7}Loomis: YES, BUT YOU’VE ONLY GOT A LITTLE SUGAR ON THAT, 517 00:22:22,967 --> 00:22:24,260 {\an7}AND WHAT LOUIS WOULD HAVE DONE 518 00:22:24,301 --> 00:22:25,552 {\an7}IS HE WOULD HAVE TAKEN \h\h\h\hA WHOLE ORANGE 519 00:22:25,594 --> 00:22:27,096 {\an7}AND POPPED IT IN HIS MOUTH. 520 00:22:27,137 --> 00:22:29,014 {\an7}\h\h\hBorman: MMM. AND IT’S STILL CRUNCHY, THE CARAMEL. 521 00:22:29,056 --> 00:22:30,683 {\an7}Loomis: ISN’T THAT GREAT? 522 00:22:30,724 --> 00:22:32,392 {\an7}\h\h\hAND, YOU KNOW, WHILE HE’S EATING, HE’S EATING BY HIMSELF, 523 00:22:32,434 --> 00:22:35,729 {\an7}BUT STREAMS OF PEOPLE \hARE BEING LED BY HIM 524 00:22:35,771 --> 00:22:38,899 {\an7}SO THEY CAN LOOK AT THE TABLE, \hTHEY CAN LOOK AT HIM EATING, 525 00:22:38,941 --> 00:22:41,610 {\an7}THAT IS A HUGE COURT PRIVILEGE. 526 00:22:41,652 --> 00:22:42,862 {\an7}Borman: I’M NOT SURE \h\h\h\hHOW I’D FEEL 527 00:22:42,903 --> 00:22:44,071 {\an7}ABOUT HAVING AN AUDIENCE \h\h\h\h\h\hWHILE I EAT, 528 00:22:44,113 --> 00:22:45,698 {\an7}BUT YOU KNOW WHAT, \h\hIT’S WORTH IT, 529 00:22:45,739 --> 00:22:49,409 {\an7}BECAUSE THIS IS A FEAST \h\h\h\hFIT FOR A KING. 530 00:22:49,618 --> 00:22:51,912 {\an7}Loomis: WELL, I’M GLAD YOU ENJOYED IT, LOUIS. 531 00:22:51,954 --> 00:22:53,539 {\an7}Borman: AND THERE’S ONLY \hONE OTHER THING FOR IT 532 00:22:53,581 --> 00:22:55,583 {\an7}BUT TO SAY SALUT. 533 00:22:55,624 --> 00:22:56,834 {\an7}Loomis: MERCI. 534 00:22:56,876 --> 00:23:01,422 {\an7}♪ 535 00:23:01,630 --> 00:23:12,307 {\an7}♪ 536 00:23:12,349 --> 00:23:13,892 {\an7}Borman: NOW, WE’VE HEARD A LOT 537 00:23:13,934 --> 00:23:16,353 {\an7}ABOUT THE OPULENCE \h\hOF VERSAILLES, 538 00:23:16,395 --> 00:23:19,440 {\an7}WITH ALL ITS SPLENDID \h\hPOMP AND CEREMONY, 539 00:23:19,648 --> 00:23:22,442 {\an7}\hBUT IT DID HAVE A LESS GRAND SIDE. 540 00:23:22,484 --> 00:23:24,277 {\an7}LET’S NOT FORGET THAT ON OCCASION 541 00:23:24,320 --> 00:23:27,782 {\an7}MANY HUNDREDS OF PEOPLE COULD BE CROWDED INTO THE PALACE, 542 00:23:27,823 --> 00:23:30,367 {\an7}AND THERE WERE HARDLY \h\h\h\h\hANY TOILETS, 543 00:23:30,409 --> 00:23:32,077 {\an7}SO WHEN NATURE CALLED, 544 00:23:32,119 --> 00:23:34,663 {\an7}\h\h\hPEOPLE SIMPLY RELIEVED THEMSELVES 545 00:23:34,705 --> 00:23:36,874 {\an7}IN THE CORRIDORS AND COURTYARDS. 546 00:23:36,916 --> 00:23:39,836 {\an7}\h\hTHE VERY MANY DOGS THAT ROAMED AROUND DID THE SAME. 547 00:23:39,877 --> 00:23:41,921 {\an7}THE SMELL WAS REVOLTING. 548 00:23:41,962 --> 00:23:44,173 {\an7}IN FACT, VERSAILLES BECAME KNOWN 549 00:23:44,214 --> 00:23:48,969 {\an7}AS THE FILTHIEST PALACE \h\h\h\h\hIN THE WORLD. 550 00:23:49,011 --> 00:23:53,891 {\an7}Rubenhold: VERSAILLES IS JUST \hAS GLORIOUS AS IT EVER WAS, 551 00:23:53,933 --> 00:23:56,561 {\an7}YOU KNOW, SPRAWLING, \h\hPALATIAL ROOMS, 552 00:23:56,602 --> 00:24:00,147 {\an7}\h\hINCREDIBLE DECOR, INCREDIBLE FURNITURE, 553 00:24:00,189 --> 00:24:03,734 {\an7}EVERYBODY DRESSED BEAUTIFULLY, 554 00:24:03,776 --> 00:24:06,237 {\an7}BUT IT SMELLED TERRIBLY. 555 00:24:06,278 --> 00:24:08,614 {\an7}IT SMELLED LIKE DRAINS. 556 00:24:08,656 --> 00:24:09,991 {\an7}Green: WHAT YOU USED TO HAVE 557 00:24:10,032 --> 00:24:11,992 {\an7}\h\hWERE THESE LITTLE, SORT OF LIKE WAITERS, 558 00:24:12,034 --> 00:24:14,161 {\an7}\h\h\hBUT THEY’D BE CARRYING PISS POTS, 559 00:24:14,203 --> 00:24:15,746 {\an7}AND YOU WOULD SORT OF HAIL \h\h\h\h\h\h\hONE OF THEM, 560 00:24:15,788 --> 00:24:17,832 {\an7}AND A LITTLE BOY WOULD \hCOME SCUTTLING OVER. 561 00:24:17,873 --> 00:24:19,208 {\an7}BUT SOMETIMES YOU COULDN’T WAIT, 562 00:24:19,249 --> 00:24:20,834 {\an7}YOU WOULD JUST DO IT THERE \h\h\h\h\hIN FRONT OF YOU 563 00:24:20,876 --> 00:24:23,587 {\an7}\h\h\hOR BEHIND THE CURTAIN AND WITH EXCREMENT AS WELL. 564 00:24:23,629 --> 00:24:25,256 {\an7}SO THIS WAS ALL DONE \h\hOUT IN THE OPEN. 565 00:24:25,297 --> 00:24:27,758 {\an7}THEY DIDN’T HAVE THE SAME IDEAS AS PRIVACY AS WE HAVE TODAY. 566 00:24:27,800 --> 00:24:29,969 {\an7}SO THIS KIND OF HEADY BREW 567 00:24:30,010 --> 00:24:33,013 {\an7}OF SWEAT AND HUMAN EXCREMENT \h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hAND URINE, 568 00:24:33,055 --> 00:24:34,390 {\an7}\h\hTHIS WOULD HAVE FOLLOWED YOU AROUND 569 00:24:34,431 --> 00:24:36,224 {\an7}LIKE A KIND OF HELLISH, \h\hMIASMIC CONCOCTION, 570 00:24:36,266 --> 00:24:40,812 {\an7}\h\hAND IT WOULD HAVE TAKEN YOU A LONG TIME TO GET USED TO THAT. 571 00:24:40,854 --> 00:24:43,398 {\an7}McMahon: VERSAILLES STANK \h\h\h\h\hTO HIGH HEAVEN. 572 00:24:43,440 --> 00:24:44,733 {\an7}YOU KNOW, THIS WAS A HELL HOLE 573 00:24:44,775 --> 00:24:46,402 {\an7}AS FAR AS MOST ARISTOCRATS \h\h\h\h\hWERE CONCERNED. 574 00:24:46,443 --> 00:24:48,695 {\an7}THEY WERE DYING TO GET BACK \hTO THEIR COUNTRY ESTATES. 575 00:24:48,737 --> 00:24:50,614 {\an7}INSTEAD THEY WERE STUCK IN WHAT 576 00:24:50,656 --> 00:24:54,243 {\an7}FRANKLY WAS A GILT-EDGED PRISON. 577 00:24:54,284 --> 00:24:56,411 {\an7}Selwood: THE PLACE WAS \h\hSMEARED IN FILTH, 578 00:24:56,453 --> 00:24:57,955 {\an7}AND THESE NOBLES HAD TO BE THERE. 579 00:24:57,997 --> 00:25:00,625 {\an7}IF THEY WEREN’T SEEN AT COURT, \h\h\h\h\h\hTHEY WERE NO ONE, 580 00:25:00,666 --> 00:25:02,168 {\an7}SO EVEN IF THEIR ESTATES \h\h\hWERE FALLING APART 581 00:25:02,209 --> 00:25:03,544 {\an7}BACK WHERE THEY CAME FROM, 582 00:25:03,585 --> 00:25:05,253 {\an7}EVEN IF THEY COULDN’T \h\hAFFORD THE CLOTHES 583 00:25:05,295 --> 00:25:08,799 {\an7}\h\hTO BE THERE FOR THE MORNING WAKING OF THE KING, THEY HAD TO. 584 00:25:08,841 --> 00:25:10,885 {\an7}IT WAS VERMIN-INFESTED, 585 00:25:10,926 --> 00:25:15,305 {\an7}IT WAS UNHYGIENIC, IT WAS FOUL, IT WAS SMELLY. 586 00:25:15,347 --> 00:25:17,266 {\an7}IT’S NOT REMOTELY THE PLACE \h\h\h\hWE SEE IT AS BEING, 587 00:25:17,307 --> 00:25:19,810 {\an7}BUT THAT WAS THE COURT \h\hTHAT LOUIS BUILT. 588 00:25:23,647 --> 00:25:25,941 {\an7}Borman: THERE WAS ANOTHER ASPECT OF LOUIS’S LIFE 589 00:25:25,983 --> 00:25:28,944 {\an7}\h\h\h\hTHAT HAS CAUSED A FAIR AMOUNT OF DEBATE, 590 00:25:28,986 --> 00:25:32,072 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\hAND THAT WAS HIS PERSONAL HYGIENE. 591 00:25:32,114 --> 00:25:36,619 {\an7}IT’S SAID THAT HE ONLY BATHED \hTHREE TIMES DURING HIS LIFE, 592 00:25:36,660 --> 00:25:38,162 {\an7}WHICH SEEMS UNLIKELY, 593 00:25:38,203 --> 00:25:40,997 {\an7}ALTHOUGH WE HAVE TO REMEMBER \h\h\h\h\hTHAT AT THAT TIME 594 00:25:41,040 --> 00:25:43,709 {\an7}BATHING WAS CONSIDERED \h\h\hA HEALTH HAZARD, 595 00:25:43,751 --> 00:25:46,671 {\an7}\hBECAUSE IT WAS THOUGHT THAT IT OPENED UP THE BODY’S PORES 596 00:25:46,712 --> 00:25:50,758 {\an7}TO DISEASES LIKE THE PLAGUE. 597 00:25:50,799 --> 00:25:53,218 {\an7}McMahon: SO YOU HAVE TO IMAGINE AT THE HEIGHT OF SUMMER 598 00:25:53,260 --> 00:25:56,889 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\hOR, YOU KNOW, A WARM PARISIAN EVENING, 599 00:25:56,930 --> 00:25:58,265 {\an7}THAT THE SMELL IN THE PALACE 600 00:25:58,307 --> 00:25:59,683 {\an7}MUST HAVE BEEN ABSOLUTELY \h\h\h\h\h\hUNBELIEVABLE. 601 00:25:59,725 --> 00:26:01,602 {\an7}\h\hI MEAN, IT STARTS WITH THE KING HIMSELF, 602 00:26:01,810 --> 00:26:04,229 {\an7}HE’S SAID TO HAVE ONLY HAD \hTHREE BATHS IN HIS LIFE. 603 00:26:04,271 --> 00:26:07,691 {\an7}\h\h\h\hHE WAS PETRIFIED OF WATERBORNE ILLNESSES. 604 00:26:07,733 --> 00:26:09,026 {\an7}THE ONLY WAY HE KEPT CLEAN 605 00:26:09,068 --> 00:26:11,112 {\an7}WAS TO KEEP CHANGING \hHIS UNDERGARMENTS. 606 00:26:11,153 --> 00:26:12,655 {\an7}\h\h\hTHIS IS WHAT MOST OF THE ARISTOCRACY DID. 607 00:26:12,696 --> 00:26:15,032 {\an7}\h\hSO THEY CHANGED THEIR UNDERGARMENTS 608 00:26:15,074 --> 00:26:16,325 {\an7}TWO, THREE TIMES A DAY, 609 00:26:16,366 --> 00:26:18,535 {\an7}\h\h\h\hBUT OTHERWISE THEY WEREN’T WASHING. 610 00:26:18,577 --> 00:26:21,538 {\an7}\hAND, IN FACT, IT’S EVEN SAID THAT ONE OF LOUIS’S MISTRESSES 611 00:26:21,580 --> 00:26:23,165 {\an7}\h\h\h\hCOULDN’T ABIDE THE SMELL OF THE KING. 612 00:26:23,207 --> 00:26:24,625 {\an7}I MEAN, SHE PRETTY MUCH \hHAD TO PINCH HER NOSE 613 00:26:24,666 --> 00:26:26,376 {\an7}WHILE SHE WAS IN THE ACT. 614 00:26:26,418 --> 00:26:28,754 {\an7}\hAND THEN, OF COURSE, YOU HAD ALL THE DOGS, 615 00:26:28,796 --> 00:26:31,674 {\an7}\hYOU HAD ALL THE PEOPLE LEAVING ALL THEIR STUFF 616 00:26:31,715 --> 00:26:34,468 {\an7}\hALL OVER THE FLOORS IF THEY COULDN’T GET TO A PISS BUCKET, 617 00:26:34,510 --> 00:26:36,721 {\an7}SO THE WHOLE EFFECT IS PRETTY HORRIBLE. 618 00:26:36,762 --> 00:26:41,308 {\an7}IT’S THIS WEIRD MÉLANGE OF PERFUME AND EXCREMENT 619 00:26:41,350 --> 00:26:43,352 {\an7}HANGING ALL OVER THE PALACE. 620 00:26:43,936 --> 00:26:50,067 {\an7}♪ 621 00:26:50,109 --> 00:26:53,112 {\an7}Borman: YOU AND I WITH OUR VERY MODERN SENSE OF SMELL 622 00:26:53,153 --> 00:26:54,446 {\an7}WOULD PROBABLY NOT HAVE ENJOYED 623 00:26:54,488 --> 00:26:56,281 {\an7}BEING IN LOUIS’S COMPANY, 624 00:26:56,323 --> 00:26:57,533 {\an7}BECAUSE APART FROM 625 00:26:57,574 --> 00:26:59,076 {\an7}THE UNPLEASANT BODY ODORS, 626 00:26:59,118 --> 00:27:02,663 {\an7}HE’S ALSO SUPPOSED TO HAVE HAD \h\h\h\h\hTERRIBLE HALITOSIS. 627 00:27:02,871 --> 00:27:06,500 {\an7}\h\hIT WAS APPARENTLY SO BAD IT CAUSED ROWS BETWEEN LOUIS 628 00:27:06,542 --> 00:27:08,669 {\an7}\hAND AT LEAST ONE OF HIS MISTRESSES. 629 00:27:08,710 --> 00:27:10,503 {\an7}BUT ACTUALLY THE SUN KING 630 00:27:10,546 --> 00:27:13,716 {\an7}WASN’T QUITE THE REEKING \h\h\hMONARCH OF LEGEND. 631 00:27:13,757 --> 00:27:16,134 {\an7}HE WAS A HUGE FAN OF PARFUMIERS, 632 00:27:16,176 --> 00:27:20,055 {\an7}WHOSE SOLE JOB WAS TO KEEP THE ROYAL PERSON FRAGRANT, 633 00:27:20,097 --> 00:27:22,808 {\an7}JUST LIKE THIS SHOP HERE. 634 00:27:22,850 --> 00:27:25,936 {\an7}♪ 635 00:27:25,978 --> 00:27:28,564 {\an7}EMMANUEL IS A MASTER PARFUMIER 636 00:27:28,605 --> 00:27:31,108 {\an7}AT CANDORA PERFUMES IN PARIS, 637 00:27:31,150 --> 00:27:32,735 {\an7}WHO HAS AGREED TO EXPLAIN 638 00:27:32,776 --> 00:27:35,070 {\an7}THE LENGTHS THAT PEOPLE \h\h\hWOULD HAVE GONE TO 639 00:27:35,112 --> 00:27:37,239 {\an7}TO PLEASE LOUIS AT THE TIME, 640 00:27:37,281 --> 00:27:39,450 {\an7}AND THE IMPORTANT JOB THEY HAD 641 00:27:39,491 --> 00:27:43,370 {\an7}\hTO SWEETEN THE AIR AROUND THE MONARCH. 642 00:27:43,412 --> 00:27:45,247 {\an7}♪ 643 00:27:45,289 --> 00:27:47,041 {\an7}SO, EMMANUEL, THE REASON \h\hI’VE COME HERE TODAY 644 00:27:47,082 --> 00:27:49,960 {\an7}IS NOT JUST TO TALK ABOUT \h\h\h\hHOW BAD IT SMELT, 645 00:27:50,002 --> 00:27:52,755 {\an7}BUT WHAT PEOPLE DID ABOUT IT. 646 00:27:52,796 --> 00:27:54,548 {\an7}\hEmmanuel Frossard: WELL, PERFUME MAKING 647 00:27:54,590 --> 00:27:57,051 {\an7}WAS AMAZING AT THAT TIME, 648 00:27:57,092 --> 00:28:01,305 {\an7}AND THERE’S A COMPLETE SWITCH \h\h\h\h\h\h\hON THIS CENTURY 649 00:28:01,346 --> 00:28:05,851 {\an7}\h\h\hBETWEEN SOME SCENTS THAT WERE USED FOR MEDICAL PURPOSE 650 00:28:05,893 --> 00:28:09,397 {\an7}TO SCENTS THAT WOULD BE \hTO REALLY SMELL GOOD, 651 00:28:09,438 --> 00:28:14,026 {\an7}\hAND REALLY THERE WERE SOME PEOPLE, VERY CRAFTED PEOPLE 652 00:28:14,067 --> 00:28:16,987 {\an7}WHO STARTED KNOWING COMPLETELY 653 00:28:17,029 --> 00:28:19,615 {\an7}HOW TO TAKE GOOD SMELLS \h\h\h\h\h\hFROM NATURE, 654 00:28:19,656 --> 00:28:22,784 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hAND MARTIAL WAS THE PERFUME MAKER FOR THE KING, 655 00:28:22,826 --> 00:28:25,120 {\an7}\h\h\hHE WAS THE VALET OF THE KING’S BROTHER, 656 00:28:25,162 --> 00:28:28,749 {\an7}AND MARTIAL WAS VERY GOOD \h\h\hAT MAKING PERFUMES. 657 00:28:28,790 --> 00:28:30,375 {\an7}Borman: AND WAS THERE ONE SCENT 658 00:28:30,417 --> 00:28:32,920 {\an7}THAT WAS PARTICULARLY FAVORED \h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hBY LOUIS? 659 00:28:32,961 --> 00:28:35,046 {\an7}Frossard: YES. ORANGE BLOSSOM. 660 00:28:35,088 --> 00:28:38,258 {\an7}IN FACT, LOUIS LOVED \h\h\hORANGE TREES. 661 00:28:38,300 --> 00:28:40,469 {\an7}HE HAD SOME BROUGHT \h\h\hTO VERSAILLES, 662 00:28:40,510 --> 00:28:45,390 {\an7}\hAND THEY WERE VERY, VERY KEEN ON THE SMELL OF ORANGE BLOSSOM, 663 00:28:45,432 --> 00:28:50,395 {\an7}\h\hSO EXTRACTING THE SMELL OF ORANGE BLOSSOM IS VERY COSTLY. 664 00:28:50,437 --> 00:28:53,190 {\an7}YOU NEED SOMETHING LIKE \h\h\hONE TON OF PETALS 665 00:28:53,232 --> 00:28:55,234 {\an7}TO MAKE ONE KILO OF EXTRACT, 666 00:28:55,275 --> 00:28:59,154 {\an7}THEN YOU USE THE EXTRACT \h\h\hINTO YOUR FORMULA. 667 00:28:59,196 --> 00:29:00,989 {\an7}THIS IS ONE SCENT THAT, \h\h\h\h\h\hFOR EXAMPLE, 668 00:29:01,031 --> 00:29:04,076 {\an7}HE LOVED UNTIL THE VERY END \h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hOF HIS REIGN 669 00:29:04,117 --> 00:29:07,787 {\an7}\h\h\hWHEN HE COULDN’T STAND ALL THE PERFUMES AT THE END. 670 00:29:07,996 --> 00:29:12,918 {\an7}HE SAID THAT ORANGE BLOSSOM WAS STILL POSSIBLE TO WEAR. 671 00:29:12,960 --> 00:29:14,837 {\an7}Rideal: ONE OF THE THINGS \h\hTHAT MEN AND WOMEN DID 672 00:29:14,878 --> 00:29:19,257 {\an7}TO COVER UP THIS TERRIBLE SMELL WAS TO USE PERFUME, 673 00:29:19,299 --> 00:29:22,010 {\an7}\hAND NOW THIS WAS, THIS WAS THE HEYDAY OF THE PERFUMER. 674 00:29:22,052 --> 00:29:25,180 {\an7}THIS WAS WHEN PERFUME WAS REALLY COMING INTO ITS OWN, 675 00:29:25,222 --> 00:29:27,141 {\an7}SO PEOPLE WOULD APPLY IT \h\h\h\h\hTO THEIR SKIN, 676 00:29:27,182 --> 00:29:29,893 {\an7}\h\hTHEY’D SPRAY PERFUME INTO THEIR POWDERED WIGS 677 00:29:29,935 --> 00:29:31,395 {\an7}IF THEY WERE WEARING THEM. 678 00:29:31,436 --> 00:29:33,480 {\an7}THEY WOULD HAVE... 679 00:29:33,522 --> 00:29:35,899 {\an7}\h\hTHEY WOULD CARRY PERFUME AROUND IN POUCHES WITH THEM 680 00:29:35,941 --> 00:29:37,401 {\an7}AROUND THE PALACE, 681 00:29:37,442 --> 00:29:40,904 {\an7}AND THIS IS HOW THEY TRIED \h\h\hTO NEGATE THE STENCH 682 00:29:40,946 --> 00:29:44,908 {\an7}FROM THE USUAL HUMAN MESS \h\h\h\h\hAND ANIMAL MESS 683 00:29:44,950 --> 00:29:49,163 {\an7}THAT WAS AROUND THE PALACE. 684 00:29:49,204 --> 00:29:51,123 {\an7}\hFrossard: WELL, TRACY, NOW I’D LIKE TO SHOW YOU 685 00:29:51,164 --> 00:29:55,877 {\an7}HOW A PERFUME WAS MADE \h\h\h\hFOR LOUIS XIV. 686 00:29:55,919 --> 00:29:57,212 {\an7}\h\hBorman: SO ONE OF THE ORIGINAL PERFUMES 687 00:29:57,254 --> 00:29:58,881 {\an7}THAT HE WOULD HAVE WORN. 688 00:29:58,922 --> 00:30:00,549 {\an7}\hFrossard: YES. ONE OF THE PERFUMES THAT WOULD BE MADE. 689 00:30:00,590 --> 00:30:01,674 {\an7}FIRST THEY WOULD NEED SOME 690 00:30:01,717 --> 00:30:04,261 {\an7}RAW MATERIALS TO BE TAKEN, 691 00:30:04,303 --> 00:30:06,722 {\an7}\h\hAND IT COULD BE ROSEMARY LIKE THIS, 692 00:30:06,763 --> 00:30:11,017 {\an7}\h\hOR IT COULD BE, FOR HIM, WITH ORANGE BLOSSOM PETALS. 693 00:30:11,059 --> 00:30:14,771 {\an7}THEY WOULD FILL IT INTO THIS PART OF THE ALEMBIC 694 00:30:14,813 --> 00:30:18,191 {\an7}AND THEN HAVE SOME WATER \h\h\h\hBOILED UNDER IT 695 00:30:18,233 --> 00:30:21,153 {\an7}TO GET WHAT THEY CALLED \h\h\h\h\h\hTHE ESSENCE, 696 00:30:21,194 --> 00:30:24,614 {\an7}AND WHAT WE WOULD NOWADAYS \h\h\hCALL ESSENTIAL OIL. 697 00:30:24,656 --> 00:30:26,908 {\an7}THEN THOSE WOULD BE BLENDED, 698 00:30:26,950 --> 00:30:29,870 {\an7}AND THERE COULD BE \h\hA LITTLE BLEND 699 00:30:30,078 --> 00:30:34,249 {\an7}\hTHAT WOULD BE MADE THEN WITH SOME ORANGE BLOSSOM, 700 00:30:34,291 --> 00:30:37,294 {\an7}\h\h\h\hSOME ROSE AND A LITTLE BIT OF MUSK, 701 00:30:37,336 --> 00:30:38,754 {\an7}BECAUSE THEY WERE VERY FOND 702 00:30:38,795 --> 00:30:44,009 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hOF THOSE ANIMAL, VERY, VERY STRONG ANIMAL SCENTS. 703 00:30:44,051 --> 00:30:48,722 {\an7}AND THIS IS REALLY THE IDEA \h\h\h\h\hOF THE DISCUSSION 704 00:30:48,764 --> 00:30:50,349 {\an7}THEY WOULD HAVE THEN \h\h\hWITH MARTIAL, 705 00:30:50,390 --> 00:30:53,602 {\an7}BETWEEN MARTIAL AND LOUIS. 706 00:30:53,643 --> 00:30:54,978 {\an7}THEY WOULD NOT USE \h\hSCENTS STRIPS, 707 00:30:55,020 --> 00:30:57,523 {\an7}BUT PROBABLY A PIECE OF CLOTH, 708 00:30:57,564 --> 00:30:59,900 {\an7}AND THERE WOULD BE THEN \h\h\h\h\hTHE REACTION. 709 00:31:00,108 --> 00:31:03,737 {\an7}Borman: MMM. THAT’S LOVELY. \h\h\h\h\hIT’S QUITE SPICY. 710 00:31:03,779 --> 00:31:05,406 {\an7}Frossard: IT’S SPICY, \h\hIT’S VERY STRONG, 711 00:31:05,447 --> 00:31:08,909 {\an7}BECAUSE OF THE MUSK \hTHAT WE ARE USING, 712 00:31:08,950 --> 00:31:12,162 {\an7}AND THEN YOU HAVE THE BALANCE \h\h\hWITH THE ORANGE BLOSSOM 713 00:31:12,204 --> 00:31:14,707 {\an7}THAT IS BEHIND IT. 714 00:31:14,748 --> 00:31:17,251 {\an7}Green: IT WASN’T AS THOUGH \h\h\h\hTHE WHOLE NOBILITY 715 00:31:17,292 --> 00:31:19,920 {\an7}WORE CHANEL NUMBER 5 OR SOME OTHER BRAND. 716 00:31:19,961 --> 00:31:21,921 {\an7}THEY ALL HAVE THEIR OWN \h\h\hDISTINCTIVE SCENT, 717 00:31:22,130 --> 00:31:24,591 {\an7}\h\h\hAND THAT WAS MEANT TO BE A PROJECTION OF YOUR PERSONALITY. 718 00:31:24,633 --> 00:31:28,637 {\an7}THESE WERE VERY COMPLICATED, \h\h\h\h\hTEXTURED PERFUMES. 719 00:31:28,678 --> 00:31:31,139 {\an7}AND THEY DIDN’T JUST KIND OF \h\hSPRAY A BIT ON YOUR NECK 720 00:31:31,181 --> 00:31:32,307 {\an7}AND A BIT ON YOUR WRISTS, 721 00:31:32,349 --> 00:31:34,059 {\an7}\hTHEY WOULD DOUSE THEMSELVES IN IT, 722 00:31:34,101 --> 00:31:36,937 {\an7}LITERALLY ENTIRE BOTTLES WOULD \hBE POURED OVER THEIR HEADS. 723 00:31:37,145 --> 00:31:39,689 {\an7}THE STENCH WOULD HAVE BEEN \h\hUTTERLY OVERWHELMING, 724 00:31:39,731 --> 00:31:42,984 {\an7}NAUSEATING, A SORT OF OLFACTORY NIGHTMARE, ONE MIGHT SAY. 725 00:31:43,026 --> 00:31:44,361 {\an7}AND THIS WOULD HAVE BEEN 726 00:31:44,403 --> 00:31:46,155 {\an7}\h\h\hONE OF THE KIND OF DISTINGUISHING FEATURES 727 00:31:46,196 --> 00:31:48,782 {\an7}OF WALKING INTO VERSAILLES. 728 00:31:48,824 --> 00:31:58,167 {\an7}♪ 729 00:31:58,208 --> 00:32:02,713 {\an7}Borman: FOR ALL HIS POWER, LOUIS WAS NOT EXACTLY A SECURE MAN. 730 00:32:02,754 --> 00:32:05,799 {\an7}\h\hIN FACT, HE WAS DOWNRIGHT PARANOID. 731 00:32:05,841 --> 00:32:08,761 {\an7}SUSPICIOUS COURTIERS WHO FELL \h\h\h\h\hUNDER THE ROYAL GAZE 732 00:32:08,802 --> 00:32:10,262 {\an7}WERE SPIED UPON, 733 00:32:10,303 --> 00:32:13,097 {\an7}\h\hAND IT WAS RUMORED THAT THE KING HIMSELF 734 00:32:13,140 --> 00:32:15,351 {\an7}WOULD RIFLE THROUGH CLOSETS 735 00:32:15,392 --> 00:32:17,978 {\an7}CONTAINING THE UNDERWEAR \h\h\h\h\h\hOF HIS WOMEN 736 00:32:18,019 --> 00:32:22,065 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\hIF HE THOUGHT SOMETHING WASN’T RIGHT. 737 00:32:22,107 --> 00:32:25,569 {\an7}\hRubenhold: LOUIS, LIKE ALL GREAT MONARCHS AND LEADERS, 738 00:32:25,610 --> 00:32:27,487 {\an7}WAS ABSOLUTELY PARANOID. 739 00:32:27,529 --> 00:32:30,365 {\an7}HE WAS PARANOID THAT SOMEBODY WOULD BE PLOTTING AGAINST HIM. 740 00:32:30,407 --> 00:32:33,744 {\an7}THAT’S WHY HE BROUGHT ALL OF THE NOBLES TOGETHER IN VERSAILLES 741 00:32:33,785 --> 00:32:35,787 {\an7}SO HE COULD KEEP AN EYE \h\h\h\h\hON ALL OF THEM 742 00:32:35,829 --> 00:32:37,414 {\an7}AND KNOW WHAT THEY WERE DOING. 743 00:32:37,456 --> 00:32:41,043 {\an7}\h\h\h\hHE EVEN OPENED A LOT OF THE COURTIERS’ LETTERS AS WELL, 744 00:32:41,084 --> 00:32:44,879 {\an7}\h\h\h\hSO HE COULD READ ABOUT WHAT THEY WERE GETTING UP TO. 745 00:32:44,921 --> 00:32:47,257 {\an7}HE NEVER OVERCAME THIS PARANOIA 746 00:32:47,299 --> 00:32:50,010 {\an7}\h\hTHAT SOMEBODY WAS PLOTTING AGAINST HIM. 747 00:32:50,051 --> 00:32:51,761 {\an7}AND IT’S ENTIRELY LIKELY 748 00:32:51,803 --> 00:32:54,597 {\an7}THAT HAD HE NOT UNIFIED THE COURT AT VERSAILLES, 749 00:32:54,639 --> 00:32:58,601 {\an7}THAT SOMEBODY WOULD HAVE BEEN \h\h\h\hPLOTTING AGAINST HIM. 750 00:32:58,643 --> 00:33:00,186 {\an7}McMahon: WHEN LOUIS WAS YOUNG 751 00:33:00,228 --> 00:33:02,856 {\an7}THERE’D BEEN A MAJOR REBELLION \h\h\h\h\h\hIN THE ARISTOCRACY 752 00:33:02,898 --> 00:33:06,151 {\an7}THAT COMPLETELY FREAKED HIM OUT, AND HE NEVER FORGOT THAT, 753 00:33:06,193 --> 00:33:08,779 {\an7}SO HE NEVER TRUSTED \h\hTHE ARISTOCRATS, 754 00:33:08,820 --> 00:33:10,864 {\an7}AND THAT’S WHY HE PUT THEM \h\h\h\hALL IN ONE PLACE, 755 00:33:10,906 --> 00:33:12,408 {\an7}AND HE GOT PEOPLE \hTO SPY ON THEM. 756 00:33:12,449 --> 00:33:13,951 {\an7}ALL THEIR MAIL WAS OPENED. 757 00:33:13,992 --> 00:33:15,911 {\an7}I MEAN, THEY COULD ASSUME \hTHAT ANY LETTER THEY GOT 758 00:33:15,952 --> 00:33:17,912 {\an7}\h\h\hHAD BEEN SEEN BY THE KING’S SPIES, 759 00:33:17,954 --> 00:33:19,372 {\an7}AND HE EVEN WENT TO THE LENGTHS 760 00:33:19,414 --> 00:33:21,416 {\an7}OF GOING THROUGH THEIR TOP DRAWER, BASICALLY, 761 00:33:21,458 --> 00:33:23,085 {\an7}THROUGH THE KNICKERS, THROUGH THE STOCKINGS, 762 00:33:23,126 --> 00:33:24,669 {\an7}\hAND HAVING A LOOK TO SEE IF THERE IS ANYTHING THERE 763 00:33:24,711 --> 00:33:26,421 {\an7}THAT WAS INCRIMINATING. 764 00:33:26,463 --> 00:33:30,467 {\an7}\hHE WANTED TO KNOW EVERYTHING THAT HIS COURTIERS WERE UP TO. 765 00:33:30,509 --> 00:33:32,761 {\an7}\hSelwood: HE LIVED UNTIL HIS LAST HOURS 766 00:33:32,802 --> 00:33:35,263 {\an7}TERRIFIED THAT THE NOBLES \h\hMAY RISE AGAINST HIM. 767 00:33:35,305 --> 00:33:38,600 {\an7}HIS WHOLE LIFE WAS ONE EFFORT \h\h\h\h\h\h\hTO CONTROL THEM. 768 00:33:38,642 --> 00:33:41,395 {\an7}AT THE HEART OF LOUIS’S IDEA \h\h\h\h\h\h\hOF WHO HE WAS 769 00:33:41,436 --> 00:33:43,897 {\an7}AND HOW HE HAD TO CONTROL \h\h\h\h\h\h\hTHE NOBILITY 770 00:33:43,939 --> 00:33:45,899 {\an7}WAS THE IDEA THAT HE WAS EVERYTHING. 771 00:33:45,941 --> 00:33:48,152 {\an7}HE WOULD BE ONE KING. 772 00:33:48,193 --> 00:33:49,903 {\an7}THERE WOULD BE ONE LAW. 773 00:33:49,945 --> 00:33:51,864 {\an7}THERE WOULD BE ONE FAITH, 774 00:33:51,905 --> 00:33:54,408 {\an7}AND HE WOULD BE AT THE CENTER \h\h\h\h\h\h\hOF ALL OF THEM. 775 00:33:54,449 --> 00:33:59,245 {\an7}♪ 776 00:33:59,287 --> 00:34:01,873 {\an7}Borman: KING LOUIS XIV \h\h\hRULED AT A TIME 777 00:34:01,915 --> 00:34:04,000 {\an7}\hWHEN FRANCE WAS AT THE VERY HEIGHT 778 00:34:04,042 --> 00:34:06,378 {\an7}OF HER INTERNATIONAL POWERS. 779 00:34:06,419 --> 00:34:08,546 {\an7}\hSO YOU’D IMAGINE BEING THE MONARCH 780 00:34:08,588 --> 00:34:11,424 {\an7}\hWAS PRETTY MUCH A FULL-TIME ROLE. 781 00:34:11,466 --> 00:34:13,176 {\an7}BUT THE TIME PRESSURES \h\h\h\h\h\hOF THE JOB 782 00:34:13,218 --> 00:34:15,470 {\an7}CERTAINLY DIDN’T STAND IN THE WAY 783 00:34:15,512 --> 00:34:20,851 {\an7}\h\h\hOF FEEDING THE KING’S VERY WELL-DEVELOPED PERSONAL VANITY. 784 00:34:20,892 --> 00:34:25,563 {\an7}\hLOUIS COMMISSIONED NO FEWER THAN 300 PORTRAITS OF HIMSELF 785 00:34:25,605 --> 00:34:27,023 {\an7}DURING HIS REIGN, 786 00:34:27,065 --> 00:34:33,530 {\an7}WHICH WORKS OUT AT ROUGHLY \hONE EVERY THREE MONTHS. 787 00:34:33,572 --> 00:34:36,950 {\an7}PARIS-BASED ART HISTORIAN \h\h\h\h\hCHRISTINE BALTAY 788 00:34:36,992 --> 00:34:41,705 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\hIS AN EXPERT ON LOUIS’S LOVE OF ART. 789 00:34:41,746 --> 00:34:44,958 {\an7}\hSO, CHRISTINE, YOU HAVE SOME PORTRAITS TO SHOW ME OF LOUIS, 790 00:34:45,000 --> 00:34:46,627 {\an7}AND I THINK WE’RE GONNA START \h\hWITH THE MOST FAMOUS ONE, 791 00:34:46,668 --> 00:34:47,586 {\an7}AREN’T WE? 792 00:34:47,627 --> 00:34:48,753 {\an7}Christine Baltay: INDEED. 793 00:34:48,795 --> 00:34:50,588 {\an7}IT IS HIS MOST FAMOUS PORTRAIT. 794 00:34:50,630 --> 00:34:54,134 {\an7}IT IS THE ULTIMATE IMAGE OF THE ABSOLUTE MONARCH. 795 00:34:54,175 --> 00:34:58,137 {\an7}\h\hNOW, WHAT MAKES IT THE ABSOLUTE MONARCH? 796 00:34:58,346 --> 00:34:59,764 {\an7}WELL, MANY THINGS. 797 00:34:59,806 --> 00:35:03,560 {\an7}\h\h\h\hTHE CORONATION ROBES, THE ORDER OF THE HOLY SPIRIT, 798 00:35:03,602 --> 00:35:06,855 {\an7}WHICH IS THE FRENCH EQUIVALENT \hOF THE ORDER OF THE GARTER, 799 00:35:06,896 --> 00:35:11,984 {\an7}THE SWORD, THE SCEPTER, \h\h\h\h\h\h\hTHE CROWN, 800 00:35:12,027 --> 00:35:16,657 {\an7}\h\h\h\hTHE RED-HEELED SHOES, WHICH WERE ONLY GIVEN TO THOSE 801 00:35:16,698 --> 00:35:19,409 {\an7}\h\h\hWHO WERE ADMITTED TO COURT AT VERSAILLES. 802 00:35:19,451 --> 00:35:20,619 {\an7}Borman: AND ALL OF THIS WOULD \h\h\h\h\hHAVE BEEN UNDERSTOOD 803 00:35:20,660 --> 00:35:21,619 {\an7}BY THE PEOPLE AT THE TIME. 804 00:35:21,661 --> 00:35:23,371 {\an7}Baltay: ABSOLUTELY UNDERSTOOD, 805 00:35:23,413 --> 00:35:24,915 {\an7}BUT THE MOST IMPRESSIVE 806 00:35:24,956 --> 00:35:28,418 {\an7}IS WHAT I WOULD LIKE TO CALL \h\h\h\h\hTHE BODY LANGUAGE. 807 00:35:28,460 --> 00:35:30,921 {\an7}THIS IS THE POWERFUL POSE, 808 00:35:30,962 --> 00:35:35,884 {\an7}\hAND I SUGGEST TO EVERYBODY THAT TRY STANDING THAT WAY, 809 00:35:35,925 --> 00:35:37,385 {\an7}YOU WILL BE MORE IMPORTANT 810 00:35:37,427 --> 00:35:41,431 {\an7}\hTHAN YOU EVER WERE BEFORE IN YOUR LIFE. 811 00:35:41,473 --> 00:35:43,892 {\an7}Green: LOUIS HAD HUNDREDS AND HUNDREDS OF PORTRAITS 812 00:35:43,933 --> 00:35:45,560 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hCOMMISSIONED, AND THESE WERE SENT, YOU KNOW, 813 00:35:45,602 --> 00:35:47,479 {\an7}\hTHEY DIDN’T JUST CIRCULATE WITHIN VERSAILLES AND PARIS, 814 00:35:47,520 --> 00:35:49,480 {\an7}THEY WENT ALL OVER THE COUNTRY. 815 00:35:49,522 --> 00:35:51,566 {\an7}AND WE MIGHT THINK, \h\hAT FIRST GLANCE, 816 00:35:51,608 --> 00:35:54,069 {\an7}THAT THIS WAS JUST APPEALING \h\h\h\hTO THE MAN’S VANITY, 817 00:35:54,110 --> 00:35:55,653 {\an7}\hBUT IT ACTUALLY WENT MUCH DEEPER THAN THAT. 818 00:35:55,695 --> 00:35:58,364 {\an7}\h\h\hIT WAS ALL PART OF A WELL-CALCULATED, 819 00:35:58,406 --> 00:36:01,075 {\an7}PRE-ORDAINED POLITICAL STRATEGY. 820 00:36:01,117 --> 00:36:04,704 {\an7}IT WAS ALL PART OF EXTENDING \h\h\h\h\h\h\hHIS AUTHORITY, 821 00:36:04,746 --> 00:36:06,456 {\an7}AND IT WORKED AT THE TIME. 822 00:36:06,498 --> 00:36:08,125 {\an7}PEOPLE DID BEGIN TO REVERE HIM, 823 00:36:08,166 --> 00:36:09,584 {\an7}PEOPLE BEGAN TO THINK OF HIM 824 00:36:09,626 --> 00:36:13,213 {\an7}AS THIS KIND OF BEING \hTHAT WAS ABOVE THEM, 825 00:36:13,254 --> 00:36:17,508 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\hSOMEONE WHO HAD A LEGITIMATE RIGHT TO RULE. 826 00:36:17,550 --> 00:36:22,972 {\an7}\h\h\hBaltay: NEXT IS AN IMAGE OF OUR SUN KING AS A TEENAGER. 827 00:36:23,014 --> 00:36:24,766 {\an7}Borman: THIS LOOKS \hVERY DIFFERENT. 828 00:36:24,808 --> 00:36:27,227 {\an7}I MEAN, IT DOESN’T EVEN \h\h\h\hLOOK LIKE LOUIS. 829 00:36:27,435 --> 00:36:28,436 {\an7}Baltay: NO, IT DOESN’T. 830 00:36:28,478 --> 00:36:30,897 {\an7}HE’S 17 AT THE TIME. 831 00:36:30,939 --> 00:36:33,900 {\an7}\h\h\h\hHE HAS ALL HIS HAIR, ’CAUSE HE DID LOSE HIS HAIR. 832 00:36:33,942 --> 00:36:36,319 {\an7}HE IS SHOWN AS JUPITER, 833 00:36:36,361 --> 00:36:39,614 {\an7}AND THE POINT OF THIS PICTURE \h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hREALLY WAS 834 00:36:39,656 --> 00:36:43,451 {\an7}THAT THERE WAS AN ATTEMPT \h\hTO OVERTHROW THE CROWN 835 00:36:43,493 --> 00:36:45,745 {\an7}WHEN LOUIS WAS A YOUNG BOY. 836 00:36:45,787 --> 00:36:49,165 {\an7}\h\h\hHE AND HIS MOTHER FLED FROM PARIS, THEY LIVED AWAY 837 00:36:49,207 --> 00:36:51,501 {\an7}\hTHIS VERY, VERY DIFFICULT PERIOD, 838 00:36:51,543 --> 00:36:54,504 {\an7}AND THIS IS, IN A SENSE, \h\h\h\h\hREAFFIRMATION 839 00:36:54,546 --> 00:36:57,132 {\an7}OF "I AM THE KING," 840 00:36:57,173 --> 00:37:00,259 {\an7}I’M NOT ONLY JUPITER, BUT I’M THE KING, TOO, 841 00:37:00,468 --> 00:37:04,931 {\an7}\h\h\h\hAND HE’S SHOWN IN AN IMPERIAL ROMAN FASHION. 842 00:37:04,973 --> 00:37:07,058 {\an7}Borman: THIS IS REALLY, THEN, \h\h\h\hA STATEMENT OF POWER. 843 00:37:07,100 --> 00:37:08,977 {\an7}HE’S TRYING TO SAFEGUARD \h\h\h\h\hHIS POSITION. 844 00:37:09,018 --> 00:37:09,936 {\an7}Baltay: ABSOLUTELY. 845 00:37:09,978 --> 00:37:11,897 {\an7}IT IS A REAFFIRMATION 846 00:37:11,938 --> 00:37:16,985 {\an7}OF ACTUALLY HIS RIGHT \h\h\hTO BE THE KING. 847 00:37:17,026 --> 00:37:21,155 {\an7}McMahon: LOUIS XIV BELIEVES \h\hTHAT HE IS THE SUN KING, 848 00:37:21,197 --> 00:37:23,366 {\an7}THAT HE IS A GODLIKE FIGURE. 849 00:37:23,408 --> 00:37:26,328 {\an7}AND SO THESE PORTRAITS THAT \h\hHE HAD DONE OF HIMSELF, 850 00:37:26,369 --> 00:37:28,496 {\an7}THEY WERE ALMOST LIKE \h\h\hRELIGIOUS ICONS. 851 00:37:28,538 --> 00:37:31,291 {\an7}WHEN THEY WERE IN THE ROOM, \hTHE KING WAS IN THE ROOM, 852 00:37:31,499 --> 00:37:32,709 {\an7}AND OFTEN WHEN HE WENT AWAY 853 00:37:32,751 --> 00:37:34,294 {\an7}A PORTRAIT WOULD BE PUT UP ON THE WALL, 854 00:37:34,335 --> 00:37:36,212 {\an7}AND THAT WAS THE KING \h\h\h\h\hIN THE ROOM, 855 00:37:36,254 --> 00:37:38,590 {\an7}SO THEY WEREN’T JUST ORDINARY PAINTINGS, 856 00:37:38,631 --> 00:37:40,633 {\an7}THEY HAD A KIND OF POWER 857 00:37:40,675 --> 00:37:43,469 {\an7}THAT WAS SUPPOSED TO REMIND \h\hEVERYBODY AT VERSAILLES 858 00:37:43,511 --> 00:37:47,974 {\an7}\h\h\h\hWHO THE KING WAS EVEN IF HE WASN’T THERE. 859 00:37:48,016 --> 00:37:51,311 {\an7}Baltay: NOW I THINK WE HAVE TO \h\hHAVE AT LEAST ONE PICTURE 860 00:37:51,352 --> 00:37:56,649 {\an7}OF OUR RULER IN A MORE \h\hBELLICOSE FASHION. 861 00:37:56,691 --> 00:38:00,904 {\an7}WHAT IS INTERESTING IS HE IS \hSHOWN IN HIS SUIT OF ARMOR 862 00:38:00,945 --> 00:38:03,364 {\an7}WITH THE FLEUR DE LYS ON IT. 863 00:38:03,406 --> 00:38:05,241 {\an7}HE’S GOT THE BLUE SASH, 864 00:38:05,283 --> 00:38:08,077 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\hWHICH IS, AGAIN, THE ORDER OF THE HOLY SPIRIT. 865 00:38:08,119 --> 00:38:13,416 {\an7}HE HOLDS THIS VERY FANCY-LOOKING TUBE IN HIS HAND, 866 00:38:13,458 --> 00:38:17,087 {\an7}AND THIS WAS WHAT WAS USED \hTO COMMAND YOUR TROOPS. 867 00:38:17,128 --> 00:38:19,756 {\an7}IT IS A BATON OF COMMANDMENT. 868 00:38:19,798 --> 00:38:24,553 {\an7}\hHE IS BEING CROWNED HERE BY THE LAURELS OF VICTORY, 869 00:38:24,594 --> 00:38:29,474 {\an7}\h\hBUT WHAT IS ALSO INTERESTING IS NOT ONLY IS HE ON THE HORSE, 870 00:38:29,516 --> 00:38:32,936 {\an7}BUT THE TWO FRONT HOOVES \h\h\hARE UP IN THE AIR. 871 00:38:32,977 --> 00:38:36,481 {\an7}THIS WAS THE MOST DIFFICULT POSITION 872 00:38:36,523 --> 00:38:38,650 {\an7}OF ANY EQUESTRIAN MANEUVER. 873 00:38:38,691 --> 00:38:42,361 {\an7}IT COULD BE MAINTAINED FOR A MATTER OF SECONDS ONLY, 874 00:38:42,570 --> 00:38:46,866 {\an7}\hAND THE FACT THAT HE, LOUIS, CAN ACTUALLY CONTROL THE HORSE 875 00:38:46,908 --> 00:38:52,914 {\an7}\h\hTO THIS DEGREE IS A SIGN HE CAN CONTROL THE COUNTRY. 876 00:38:52,956 --> 00:38:55,625 {\an7}\hRubenhold: THE KING USED PORTRAITS IN THE SAME WAY 877 00:38:55,667 --> 00:38:58,628 {\an7}\h\h\hTHAT DICTATORS IN THE 20th CENTURY 878 00:38:58,670 --> 00:39:00,714 {\an7}USE IMAGES OF THEMSELVES. 879 00:39:00,755 --> 00:39:06,052 {\an7}IT’S TO REMIND EVERYBODY WHO IS THERE, WHO IS BEHIND THE POWER. 880 00:39:06,094 --> 00:39:07,971 {\an7}SO EVEN IF LOUIS WASN’T PRESENT, 881 00:39:08,012 --> 00:39:10,389 {\an7}HIS PORTRAIT WOULD BE \h\h\h\h\hTROTTED OUT, 882 00:39:10,431 --> 00:39:13,392 {\an7}\h\hAND YOU HAD TO SHOW THE SAME AMOUNT OF DEFERENCE AND RESPECT 883 00:39:13,434 --> 00:39:16,145 {\an7}TO THE PORTRAIT AS YOU WOULD \h\h\h\hTO THE MAN HIMSELF. 884 00:39:16,187 --> 00:39:19,440 {\an7}\hYOU COULDN’T TURN YOUR BACK ON THE PORTRAIT, FOR EXAMPLE. 885 00:39:19,482 --> 00:39:21,776 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\hYOU HAD TO BEHAVE IN THE SAME COURTLY MANNER, 886 00:39:21,818 --> 00:39:23,653 {\an7}YOU HAD TO OBSERVE ETIQUETTE 887 00:39:23,695 --> 00:39:26,823 {\an7}\h\hAS IF THE MAN HIMSELF WERE PRESENT IN THE ROOM. 888 00:39:26,865 --> 00:39:29,785 {\an7}AND IT WAS THIS SENSE \h\h\hOF ALL-POWERFUL, 889 00:39:29,826 --> 00:39:35,123 {\an7}ALMOST BIG BROTHER \h\hWATCHING THEM. 890 00:39:35,164 --> 00:39:37,416 {\an7}Borman: SO, CHRISTINE, THIS HAS BEEN ABSOLUTELY FASCINATING, 891 00:39:37,458 --> 00:39:40,086 {\an7}\hBECAUSE I’VE ALWAYS KNOWN THAT LOUIS WAS A GREAT LOVER 892 00:39:40,128 --> 00:39:42,422 {\an7}AND PATRON OF THE ARTS, 893 00:39:42,463 --> 00:39:44,507 {\an7}BUT ACTUALLY WHAT YOU’VE \h\hCLEARLY DEMONSTRATED 894 00:39:44,549 --> 00:39:46,092 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\hIS THERE WAS SO MUCH MORE BEHIND IT, 895 00:39:46,134 --> 00:39:48,428 {\an7}IT WAS POLITICAL PROPAGANDA. 896 00:39:48,469 --> 00:39:50,054 {\an7}\h\h\hIT WASN’T JUST ART FOR ART’S SAKE, WAS IT? 897 00:39:50,096 --> 00:39:52,932 {\an7}Baltay: NO. NO. NO. \h\hABSOLUTELY NOT. 898 00:39:52,974 --> 00:39:55,768 {\an7}THERE WAS NO NOTHING FOR ANYTHING’S SAKE 899 00:39:55,810 --> 00:39:57,228 {\an7}AS FAR AS LOUIS WAS CONCERNED. 900 00:39:57,270 --> 00:40:00,440 {\an7}ALL THINGS HAD A PURPOSE \h\hOR COULD BE DIRECTED 901 00:40:00,648 --> 00:40:04,652 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\hTOWARDS THE END THAT HE WISHED TO ACHIEVE. 902 00:40:04,694 --> 00:40:13,870 {\an7}♪ 903 00:40:13,912 --> 00:40:15,330 {\an7}[COUGHING] 904 00:40:15,371 --> 00:40:17,915 {\an7}Borman: IN THE SUMMER OF 1715, 905 00:40:17,957 --> 00:40:20,626 {\an7}LOUIS, NOW 76 YEARS OLD, 906 00:40:20,668 --> 00:40:23,880 {\an7}\hBEGAN TO COMPLAIN OF PAINS IN HIS LEG. 907 00:40:23,922 --> 00:40:25,632 {\an7}THE PAINS WORSENED. 908 00:40:25,673 --> 00:40:29,969 {\an7}\h\h\hTHE LEG TURNED GANGRENOUS, AND BY LATE AUGUST OF THAT YEAR, 909 00:40:30,011 --> 00:40:33,056 {\an7}\h\h\hIT WAS OBVIOUS THE KING WAS DYING. 910 00:40:33,097 --> 00:40:37,143 {\an7}\hSUFFERING IN THE CONFINES OF HIS BED CHAMBER AT VERSAILLES, 911 00:40:37,185 --> 00:40:40,522 {\an7}\hFOUR DAYS BEFORE HIS 77th BIRTHDAY, 912 00:40:40,563 --> 00:40:44,734 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\hLOUIS XIV DIED ON THE FIRST OF SEPTEMBER. 913 00:40:44,776 --> 00:40:48,405 {\an7}HE HAD BEEN KING FOR 72 YEARS, 914 00:40:48,446 --> 00:40:52,492 {\an7}\h\h\h\hTHE LONGEST REIGN IN THE HISTORY OF FRANCE. 915 00:40:52,700 --> 00:40:54,577 {\an7}[COUGHING] 916 00:40:54,619 --> 00:40:57,747 {\an7}♪ 917 00:41:01,793 --> 00:41:05,255 {\an7}\h\h\hSelwood: EVEN IN DEATH, LOUIS WAS STILL A PUBLIC SHOW. 918 00:41:05,296 --> 00:41:08,424 {\an7}SINCE THE TIME OF KING PHILIP \h\h\h\hTHE FAIR IN THE 1300s, 919 00:41:08,466 --> 00:41:10,593 {\an7}FRENCH KINGS HAD HAD THEMSELVES CUT INTO THREE PIECES, 920 00:41:10,635 --> 00:41:12,137 {\an7}DISMEMBERED THREE WAYS. 921 00:41:12,178 --> 00:41:14,013 {\an7}LOUIS HAD THIS DONE TO HIMSELF 922 00:41:14,055 --> 00:41:17,183 {\an7}BUT IN PUBLIC, IN HIS ROOMS, \h\h\h\h\h\h\hIN VERSAILLES. 923 00:41:17,225 --> 00:41:20,311 {\an7}\h\hHE WAS TOO GREAT A CHARACTER TO ONLY BE BURIED IN ONE PLACE. 924 00:41:20,353 --> 00:41:21,855 {\an7}HE WAS GONNA BE BURIED IN THREE. 925 00:41:21,896 --> 00:41:25,650 {\an7}\h\h\hSO THIS WAS DONE AS A PUBLIC SPECTACLE. 926 00:41:25,692 --> 00:41:28,528 {\an7}\hMcMahon: IT’S ALMOST AS IF LOUIS XIV HYPNOTIZED FRANCE, 927 00:41:28,569 --> 00:41:31,113 {\an7}\hYOU KNOW, THEY LOST ALL SENSE OF REALITY. 928 00:41:31,155 --> 00:41:35,117 {\an7}HE CREATED THIS WONDERLAND, \h\h\h\h\hTHIS DISNEYWORLD, 929 00:41:35,159 --> 00:41:37,411 {\an7}THIS ROYAL DISNEYWORLD \h\h\h\hIN VERSAILLES. 930 00:41:37,453 --> 00:41:39,288 {\an7}THE MOMENT HE DIES, THOUGH, 931 00:41:39,330 --> 00:41:42,416 {\an7}THE DREAM STARTS TO FALL APART \h\h\h\hUNDER HIS SUCCESSORS. 932 00:41:42,458 --> 00:41:44,210 {\an7}AND, I MEAN, 80 YEARS \h\h\hAFTER HIS DEATH, 933 00:41:44,252 --> 00:41:46,296 {\an7}HIS OWN BONES ARE DUG UP 934 00:41:46,337 --> 00:41:48,798 {\an7}AND THEY’RE JUST TOSSED ASIDE DURING THE FRENCH REVOLUTION, 935 00:41:48,840 --> 00:41:51,217 {\an7}AND I THINK YOU HAVE TO SEE \h\h\hTHE FRENCH REVOLUTION 936 00:41:51,259 --> 00:41:53,720 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\hAS PAYBACK FOR WHAT LOUIS HAD DONE. 937 00:41:53,761 --> 00:41:56,430 {\an7}\hHE’D CREATED THIS ABSOLUTIST MONARCHY 938 00:41:56,472 --> 00:41:57,890 {\an7}THAT FRANKLY THE FRENCH PEOPLE 939 00:41:57,932 --> 00:42:00,059 {\an7}WHO FELT COMPLETELY EXCLUDED \h\h\h\h\h\h\hFROM THE PARTY 940 00:42:00,101 --> 00:42:01,686 {\an7}HATED AND RESENTED 941 00:42:01,728 --> 00:42:03,438 {\an7}\hAND EVENTUALLY, OF COURSE, IT ENDS 942 00:42:03,479 --> 00:42:07,274 {\an7}\h\hWITH ONE OF HIS SUCCESSORS GETTING HIS HEAD CHOPPED OFF. 943 00:42:07,316 --> 00:42:10,694 {\an7}Green: LOUIS XIV WAS SORT OF \h\h\h\hWILDLY EXTRAVAGANT, 944 00:42:10,737 --> 00:42:12,864 {\an7}AND I THINK THE FRENCH PEOPLE \h\h\hDID IDENTIFY WITH THAT, 945 00:42:12,905 --> 00:42:15,241 {\an7}AND THEY WERE ACTUALLY GRATEFUL FOR IT AT THE TIME. 946 00:42:15,283 --> 00:42:17,911 {\an7}\h\hBUT IT SOWED THE SEEDS FOR THE DOWNFALL OF THE MONARCHY, 947 00:42:17,952 --> 00:42:21,330 {\an7}\hBECAUSE WHEN TIMES GOT TOUGH, WHEN THE MONARCHY WENT BANKRUPT, 948 00:42:21,372 --> 00:42:23,082 {\an7}BY THE REIGN OF LOUIS XVI, 949 00:42:23,124 --> 00:42:25,877 {\an7}ALL OF A SUDDEN THIS IDEA THAT YOU’RE PAYING PEOPLE 950 00:42:25,918 --> 00:42:28,212 {\an7}TO WATCH YOU SORT OF GET UP \h\h\h\h\h\hAND GET DRESSED 951 00:42:28,254 --> 00:42:29,589 {\an7}AND THESE ELABORATE FEASTS, 952 00:42:29,797 --> 00:42:30,715 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\hTHAT JUST MADE THE WHOLE MONARCHY LOOK 953 00:42:30,757 --> 00:42:32,467 {\an7}COMPLETELY OUT OF TOUCH, 954 00:42:32,508 --> 00:42:35,052 {\an7}\hAND IT INCENTIVIZED THE PUBLIC TO RISE UP 955 00:42:35,094 --> 00:42:37,430 {\an7}AND CHOP OFF ALL OF THEIR HEADS. 956 00:42:37,472 --> 00:42:43,561 {\an7}♪ 957 00:42:48,941 --> 00:42:50,985 {\an7}Borman: AND SO HE WAS GONE. 958 00:42:51,027 --> 00:42:53,905 {\an7}THE SUN KING WAS NO MORE. 959 00:42:53,946 --> 00:42:54,947 {\an7}THERE AREN’T MANY KINGS 960 00:42:54,989 --> 00:42:57,325 {\an7}THAT ENCAPSULATE AN ERA 961 00:42:57,366 --> 00:42:58,659 {\an7}AS WELL AS A REIGN, 962 00:42:58,701 --> 00:43:01,370 {\an7}BUT LOUIS XIV WAS CERTAINLY ONE. 963 00:43:01,412 --> 00:43:02,788 {\an7}HE’D LEFT HIS MARK 964 00:43:02,830 --> 00:43:05,916 {\an7}ON HIS COUNTRY’S HISTORY \h\hAND ON ITS CULTURE, 965 00:43:05,958 --> 00:43:09,211 {\an7}NOT TO MENTION PUTTING \h\hAN INDELIBLE STAMP 966 00:43:09,253 --> 00:43:11,422 {\an7}ON THE NATIONAL IDENTITY. 967 00:43:11,464 --> 00:43:12,882 {\an7}HE WASN’T ALWAYS POPULAR, 968 00:43:12,924 --> 00:43:14,259 {\an7}AND THERE WERE THOSE GLAD 969 00:43:14,300 --> 00:43:15,843 {\an7}TO SEE THE BACK OF HIM. 970 00:43:15,885 --> 00:43:16,886 {\an7}BUT IF YOU’RE LOOKING 971 00:43:16,928 --> 00:43:18,763 {\an7}FOR A ROYAL PRIVATE LIFE 972 00:43:18,805 --> 00:43:20,890 {\an7}WITH GLAMOUR, SCANDALS, 973 00:43:20,932 --> 00:43:22,892 {\an7}LOVE AFFAIRS, AND ALL THE REST, 974 00:43:22,934 --> 00:43:24,894 {\an7}WELL, THE SUN KING 975 00:43:24,936 --> 00:43:27,188 {\an7}IS NOT A BAD PLACE TO START. 976 00:43:27,230 --> 00:43:28,982 {\an7}I’LL SEE YOU NEXT TIME.