1 00:00:02,600 --> 00:00:03,720 ENGINE ROARS 2 00:00:03,720 --> 00:00:05,480 WHISTLE BLOWS 3 00:00:37,960 --> 00:00:41,280 The train now approaching platform 11 4 00:00:41,280 --> 00:00:44,520 is the Flying Scotsman from London King's Cross. 5 00:00:44,520 --> 00:00:49,160 There are very few things that will get the station master at Waverley 6 00:00:49,160 --> 00:00:52,960 out of his bowler hat, but the Flying Scotsman is one of them. 7 00:00:52,960 --> 00:00:56,600 The famous express that leaves London when he has barely finished breakfast 8 00:00:56,600 --> 00:00:59,800 and gets to Edinburgh not long after his lunchtime. 9 00:01:02,000 --> 00:01:05,120 There are other trains which get here just as fast but when I'm on the one 10 00:01:05,120 --> 00:01:08,160 called Flying Scotsman, I feel I actually get here quicker, 11 00:01:08,160 --> 00:01:12,480 which is one of the reasons hard-headed railways managers 12 00:01:12,480 --> 00:01:15,080 give their trains romantic names. 13 00:01:15,080 --> 00:01:17,280 But to many people, 14 00:01:17,280 --> 00:01:20,280 the name Flying Scotsman means something quite different. 15 00:01:20,280 --> 00:01:22,800 A famous locomotive which was born in 1923 16 00:01:22,800 --> 00:01:26,120 and has been to many other places beside Edinburgh. 17 00:01:26,120 --> 00:01:29,200 Up and down North America, for a start. 18 00:01:29,200 --> 00:01:31,560 Is the Flying Scotsman a train or is it an engine 19 00:01:31,560 --> 00:01:33,080 or is it a white elephant? 20 00:01:33,080 --> 00:01:35,240 It's one of the most famous names in the world 21 00:01:35,240 --> 00:01:36,880 but where did the name come from? 22 00:01:36,880 --> 00:01:38,320 To find all this out, 23 00:01:38,320 --> 00:01:40,960 we have to go back even before railways were invented. 24 00:01:52,120 --> 00:01:56,560 Up to about 1850, if you'd wanted to get to Scotland in a hurry 25 00:01:56,560 --> 00:01:58,840 you'd have gone by flying coach. 26 00:01:58,840 --> 00:02:02,880 It flew up the Great North Road at an average speed of 10 miles an hour, 27 00:02:02,880 --> 00:02:06,000 stopping every 10 miles or so just to change horses. 28 00:02:08,040 --> 00:02:10,080 Apart from that, it went non-stop, hence flying, 29 00:02:10,080 --> 00:02:13,040 through the day and the night. 30 00:02:22,240 --> 00:02:24,440 It wasn't much fun at the best of times 31 00:02:24,440 --> 00:02:28,240 and was worst if you had an outside seat and were tired. 32 00:02:28,240 --> 00:02:32,680 That's where we get the expression "dropping off to sleep." 33 00:02:37,120 --> 00:02:39,560 Then came the railway, and the average speed 34 00:02:39,560 --> 00:02:43,200 of the journey to Edinburgh magically quadrupled. 35 00:02:44,520 --> 00:02:46,680 The through-route was open by 1850. 36 00:02:46,680 --> 00:02:51,560 In 1852, King's Cross station in London was completed 37 00:02:51,560 --> 00:02:56,560 and in 1862, the first named Express appeared - the Scotch Express, 38 00:02:56,560 --> 00:02:59,920 which was what they first called the Flying Scotsman. 39 00:02:59,920 --> 00:03:03,320 It left King's Cross station every morning at 10am on the dot 40 00:03:03,320 --> 00:03:05,680 and started flying north. 41 00:03:09,120 --> 00:03:11,240 The speed may have been a lot better 42 00:03:11,240 --> 00:03:14,120 but the facilities were the same as on the stage coach. 43 00:03:14,120 --> 00:03:17,440 No toilets, no food, no moving from your seat, 44 00:03:17,440 --> 00:03:20,720 so they must have been longing to get to that 20 minute stop 45 00:03:20,720 --> 00:03:24,160 at York for lunch and everything else. 46 00:03:26,000 --> 00:03:29,000 As the passengers piled into the restaurant at 2:35, 47 00:03:29,000 --> 00:03:31,520 the soup was put in front of them, and from then 48 00:03:31,520 --> 00:03:34,480 on the restaurant resounded with the crash of crockery, 49 00:03:34,480 --> 00:03:36,440 courses being rushed to and fro. 50 00:03:36,440 --> 00:03:39,160 Outside, passengers could hear the shunting and crashing 51 00:03:39,160 --> 00:03:40,760 of the new engine being put on. 52 00:03:40,760 --> 00:03:45,400 The sound they were really listening for was the station bell. 53 00:03:45,400 --> 00:03:48,120 Once you heard that, you left your apple pie where it was 54 00:03:48,120 --> 00:03:49,880 and rushed back to the train. 55 00:03:49,880 --> 00:03:51,440 It was the Victorian equivalent 56 00:03:51,440 --> 00:03:53,560 of making a hasty plane change at Heathrow. 57 00:03:53,560 --> 00:03:56,640 In fact, after York they were leaving Great Northern territory 58 00:03:56,640 --> 00:03:59,040 and flying up the North Eastern line. 59 00:03:59,040 --> 00:04:01,200 The new engine, full of coal and water again, 60 00:04:01,200 --> 00:04:04,040 pulled them over the high-level bridge into Newcastle 61 00:04:04,040 --> 00:04:07,480 where they had another chance to resort to the lavatories at 4:55, 62 00:04:07,480 --> 00:04:09,760 then with hardly a pause, on, on up to Berwick, 63 00:04:09,760 --> 00:04:13,400 and another change of engines, this time to a North British machine. 64 00:04:13,400 --> 00:04:17,480 They finally arrived at Edinburgh at 8:35, 65 00:04:17,480 --> 00:04:20,160 ten and a half hours after leaving London. 66 00:04:20,160 --> 00:04:23,720 It may seem slow to us, but to them it was a miracle. 67 00:04:23,720 --> 00:04:28,000 A miracle only to the well-heeled, of course, for it wasn't until 1887 68 00:04:28,000 --> 00:04:31,320 that third-class passengers were catered for at all. 69 00:04:31,320 --> 00:04:34,160 After that, things rapidly improved for everyone. 70 00:04:34,160 --> 00:04:35,840 Restaurant cars were introduced, 71 00:04:35,840 --> 00:04:39,000 which meant of course that corridors had to be introduced as well. 72 00:04:39,000 --> 00:04:41,320 The first lavatories appeared on trains 73 00:04:41,320 --> 00:04:42,680 and as early as 1875, 74 00:04:42,680 --> 00:04:46,400 the North British Railway had pioneered sleeper compartments. 75 00:04:46,400 --> 00:04:49,120 All this meant the trains were getting heavier, 76 00:04:49,120 --> 00:04:52,600 and that meant that engines had to get more and more powerful. 77 00:04:52,600 --> 00:04:56,120 Then suddenly, the Scotch Express hit the headlines in 1888. 78 00:05:01,000 --> 00:05:03,400 The record time to Scotland was lowered suddenly 79 00:05:03,400 --> 00:05:05,960 from nine hours to seven and a half hours. 80 00:05:08,560 --> 00:05:11,360 The race became part of British railway history, 81 00:05:11,360 --> 00:05:14,440 shortly to be followed by another now-familiar sight 82 00:05:14,440 --> 00:05:17,280 in British stations, the railway enthusiast. 83 00:05:19,960 --> 00:05:22,760 I've been on here at three o'clock in the morning. 84 00:05:22,760 --> 00:05:25,360 Was it here that they always changed engines? 85 00:05:25,360 --> 00:05:29,200 Oh, yes, always. They changed engines here, Grantham, Newcastle. 86 00:05:29,200 --> 00:05:32,840 That's good, although it was one company taking off its engine, 87 00:05:32,840 --> 00:05:34,840 and another company putting it on. 88 00:05:34,840 --> 00:05:38,200 I met Arthur Dewar in York Station in 1985. 89 00:05:38,200 --> 00:05:42,440 He had first been here to watch trains as a boy in 1916. 90 00:05:42,440 --> 00:05:45,800 It must have been quite a sight, York station in those days? 91 00:05:45,800 --> 00:05:47,400 Oh, yes, it was marvellous. 92 00:05:47,400 --> 00:05:49,960 Beautiful, gleaming green engines, brass. 93 00:05:49,960 --> 00:05:51,840 Not dirty and smoke stained? 94 00:05:51,840 --> 00:05:56,280 No, brass columns and brass round the wheel hall, shining. 95 00:05:56,280 --> 00:05:59,560 I'm afraid we have to go to the museum to see them nowadays. 96 00:05:59,560 --> 00:06:04,320 Yes. That's how they were. All like that. 97 00:06:04,320 --> 00:06:08,080 So you must have seen the Flying Scotsman come through many a time. 98 00:06:08,080 --> 00:06:10,960 Well, it wasn't called that then. Not till about 1938. 99 00:06:10,960 --> 00:06:15,120 It was known to the railway people as the Special Scotch Express. 100 00:06:15,120 --> 00:06:19,760 In the timetable, it wasn't differentiated from any other train. 101 00:06:19,760 --> 00:06:21,960 It was already known as...? 102 00:06:21,960 --> 00:06:24,160 Most people knew it by, yes. 103 00:06:24,160 --> 00:06:27,840 In 1923, Flying Scotsman the engine was born, 104 00:06:27,840 --> 00:06:30,720 one of a new class, the A1 Pacifics, 105 00:06:30,720 --> 00:06:33,080 which could run non-stop from London to Edinburgh, 106 00:06:33,080 --> 00:06:35,320 and also had rather glamorous film-star looks. 107 00:06:35,320 --> 00:06:38,880 Just as well as they were about to become film stars, 108 00:06:38,880 --> 00:06:42,240 as I discovered from railway film collector John Huntley. 109 00:06:42,240 --> 00:06:44,160 John, this must be about the first film 110 00:06:44,160 --> 00:06:46,480 of the non-stop Flying Scotsman that exists? 111 00:06:46,480 --> 00:06:48,680 Yes, it is. It's a bit of a mystery film, 112 00:06:48,680 --> 00:06:53,120 we don't really know who made it, but it is a most valuable record 113 00:06:53,120 --> 00:06:55,520 of the old London North Eastern Railway, 114 00:06:55,520 --> 00:06:59,400 and of course certainly there's no doubt about the film was made 115 00:06:59,400 --> 00:07:02,080 to celebrate this idea that started on 1st May, 1928, 116 00:07:02,080 --> 00:07:03,800 when they began the non-stop run, 117 00:07:03,800 --> 00:07:06,800 even including things like a cocktail bar on the train. 118 00:07:06,800 --> 00:07:10,960 This train was extraordinary. It had at different times, it had a cinema, 119 00:07:10,960 --> 00:07:15,520 in-flight movies Flying Scotsman-style in the '30s. 120 00:07:15,520 --> 00:07:18,480 It had a hairdressing salon on the train at one time. 121 00:07:18,480 --> 00:07:19,720 For women originally, 122 00:07:19,720 --> 00:07:22,240 it was so successful that they introduced it for men. 123 00:07:22,240 --> 00:07:24,720 In the early 1930s, there was a sort of disco 124 00:07:24,720 --> 00:07:28,280 where they had an all-horn radio which piped in dance music 125 00:07:28,280 --> 00:07:31,320 and people danced as you went on your way to Scotland, 126 00:07:31,320 --> 00:07:34,680 so it was quite a train, the Flying Scotsman, in those days. 127 00:07:40,280 --> 00:07:43,960 It was a pretty magical thing, you know, in 1928, 128 00:07:43,960 --> 00:07:46,200 when you think how long ago that actually is. 129 00:07:46,200 --> 00:07:48,080 To run a train all this distance. 130 00:07:48,080 --> 00:07:51,560 There seems to be more than a whiff of advertising about this. 131 00:07:51,560 --> 00:07:54,160 The feeling that it's not just a documentary, 132 00:07:54,160 --> 00:07:56,160 it's saying "Come travel with us." 133 00:07:56,160 --> 00:07:58,760 That probably was the price of all facilities 134 00:07:58,760 --> 00:08:02,680 and a free ticket on the train, I expect, in those days. 135 00:08:05,600 --> 00:08:08,160 How long did the train take in those days? 136 00:08:08,160 --> 00:08:09,600 How long was it back then? 137 00:08:09,600 --> 00:08:12,680 It was all slowed up because of the stupid business... 138 00:08:12,680 --> 00:08:15,960 ..Of the agreement. It didn't have to arrive in Edinburgh 139 00:08:15,960 --> 00:08:19,840 before the Midland train arrived in Glasgow. 140 00:08:19,840 --> 00:08:21,560 Frank Mays, our other expert, 141 00:08:21,560 --> 00:08:25,000 was actually a fireman on the Flying Scotsman in its heyday, 142 00:08:25,000 --> 00:08:27,800 though this was the first time he'd seen any of these films. 143 00:08:27,800 --> 00:08:29,600 They purposely slowed it down? 144 00:08:29,600 --> 00:08:33,320 They did, and they kept it outside of Edinburgh for a little while 145 00:08:33,320 --> 00:08:36,080 until the time approached and it was allowed in. 146 00:08:36,080 --> 00:08:38,560 A lovely name. Such a grand name. 147 00:08:38,560 --> 00:08:42,880 I think it's because they're both full of unfinished buildings. 148 00:08:42,880 --> 00:08:44,760 Those trams, I always associate those 149 00:08:44,760 --> 00:08:47,080 with the early days of the Edinburgh Festival. 150 00:08:47,080 --> 00:08:51,920 Very much, Princes Street never was quite the same without the trams. 151 00:08:55,000 --> 00:08:56,360 Before the 1920s were out, 152 00:08:56,360 --> 00:08:59,280 the engine itself had become an established film star. 153 00:08:59,280 --> 00:09:04,760 Not in a documentary or a commercial, but in a fully-fledged thriller. 154 00:09:04,760 --> 00:09:08,320 This looks a very different sort of film. I detect a story here. 155 00:09:08,320 --> 00:09:10,720 Yes, this was 1929. 156 00:09:10,720 --> 00:09:13,640 Most of the textbooks say that Alfred Hitchcock's film Blackmail 157 00:09:13,640 --> 00:09:16,680 is the first sound film, but I don't think it's right. 158 00:09:16,680 --> 00:09:20,040 This was the first one. It's directed by Castleton Knight, 159 00:09:20,040 --> 00:09:22,360 and as you'll see, it's mainly shot as a silent film. 160 00:09:22,360 --> 00:09:24,000 It uses mainly silent shots. 161 00:09:32,400 --> 00:09:35,200 That's Pauline Johnson, the heroine of the film, 162 00:09:35,200 --> 00:09:36,480 and this they did for real. 163 00:09:36,480 --> 00:09:41,440 They were allowed to shoot using 4472 Flying Scotsman. 164 00:09:41,440 --> 00:09:42,720 She really did this. 165 00:09:42,720 --> 00:09:46,000 They're certainly not going less than 40-45 miles an hour 166 00:09:46,000 --> 00:09:48,320 in relatively high-heeled 1920s shoes, 167 00:09:48,320 --> 00:09:53,640 battling her way forward to the loco, in pursuit, in fact, of the villain. 168 00:09:56,480 --> 00:10:03,800 Now, the fireman in the film is Ray Milland, it's his first movie. 169 00:10:03,800 --> 00:10:06,200 The storyline is that he's a young fireman 170 00:10:06,200 --> 00:10:10,120 and this is his girlfriend, but in fact, although he doesn't know it, 171 00:10:10,120 --> 00:10:12,240 the engine driver is her father. 172 00:10:16,240 --> 00:10:19,720 A near thing last night. Her old man came on, nearly caught me. 173 00:10:22,960 --> 00:10:26,520 Just managed to dodge him with the skin of my teeth. 174 00:10:30,280 --> 00:10:33,280 Silent acting. 175 00:10:33,280 --> 00:10:34,800 So you're the one! 176 00:10:34,800 --> 00:10:38,640 Then a fight on the footplate. What's so incredible about this film 177 00:10:38,640 --> 00:10:41,200 is that's the sort of thing you'd normally see at the studio. 178 00:10:41,200 --> 00:10:45,080 Here she goes. She's got to cross over from the loco to the tender. 179 00:10:45,080 --> 00:10:46,320 Not much to hold onto. 180 00:10:46,320 --> 00:10:49,360 She finds the rhythm of the two is totally different. 181 00:10:49,360 --> 00:10:50,960 Even that's for real. 182 00:10:50,960 --> 00:10:53,840 The sort of thing you'd always do in a studio today. 183 00:10:57,560 --> 00:11:00,640 She's in pursuit of the villain played by Alec Hurley. 184 00:11:00,640 --> 00:11:03,520 What's his interest, the villain? 185 00:11:03,520 --> 00:11:07,480 He's out to get the engine driver who ratted on him and lost him his job. 186 00:11:07,480 --> 00:11:10,280 Ray Milland... You see even that's shot for real. 187 00:11:10,280 --> 00:11:13,880 It's extraordinary the way they set him up. 188 00:11:20,000 --> 00:11:25,600 The story is a little on the melodramatic side. 189 00:11:25,600 --> 00:11:28,280 She sees old dad knocked for six by the villain. 190 00:11:28,280 --> 00:11:30,160 Here's a rather interesting bit 191 00:11:30,160 --> 00:11:33,400 because the villain makes sure that the loco is running, 192 00:11:33,400 --> 00:11:37,040 and he goes back using the passageway in the tender. There it is, 193 00:11:37,040 --> 00:11:40,320 which was how you got from the footplate of the locomotive 194 00:11:40,320 --> 00:11:44,160 back into the train itself, through this little narrow passageway 195 00:11:44,160 --> 00:11:45,800 running through the tender, 196 00:11:45,800 --> 00:11:48,560 with the water tank and the coal and everything. 197 00:11:48,560 --> 00:11:50,960 There's Alec Hurley doing some grimaces. 198 00:11:50,960 --> 00:11:53,520 This is the bit that Sir Nigel Gresley hated. 199 00:11:53,520 --> 00:11:55,640 Puts his hand out, pulls a little plug 200 00:11:55,640 --> 00:11:57,960 and the loco separates out from the stock 201 00:11:57,960 --> 00:11:59,760 and they both go on racing away. 202 00:11:59,760 --> 00:12:02,040 Sir Nigel said very indignantly afterwards, 203 00:12:02,040 --> 00:12:04,360 "When I saw this wretched film, they suggested 204 00:12:04,360 --> 00:12:08,240 that London North Eastern Railway had not yet discovered the vacuum brake!" 205 00:12:08,240 --> 00:12:12,080 Well, the film had a happy ending for everyone, except the villain. 206 00:12:12,080 --> 00:12:14,680 Ray Milland went on to become a Hollywood star 207 00:12:14,680 --> 00:12:20,760 and Sir Nigel Gresley never let any filming take place on the NER again. 208 00:12:20,760 --> 00:12:24,400 In fact, it wasn't until after his death, and well after the war, 209 00:12:24,400 --> 00:12:27,120 that our third film was made. 210 00:12:27,120 --> 00:12:31,040 The Elizabethan Express was really the last great flowering of steam. 211 00:12:31,040 --> 00:12:33,520 These marvellous Gresley A4 locomotives, 212 00:12:33,520 --> 00:12:36,560 and really I think what they decided 213 00:12:36,560 --> 00:12:40,680 was as they knew that steam's days were numbered, they thought 214 00:12:40,680 --> 00:12:44,160 they'd have this run non-stop from King's Cross to Edinburgh 215 00:12:44,160 --> 00:12:48,200 as it had been done in the old days. They didn't actually strangely do it 216 00:12:48,200 --> 00:12:52,040 with the 10am Flying Scotsman. They did it as a summer service only, 217 00:12:52,040 --> 00:12:55,560 at 9:30, and this ran in front of the Flying Scotsman but the idea 218 00:12:55,560 --> 00:12:59,000 was to keep alive this tradition of non-stop running on steam. 219 00:12:59,000 --> 00:13:04,480 It's very much of the '50s, the whole thing. It has a funny old commentary. 220 00:13:04,480 --> 00:13:06,880 The passengers sitting at buffet tables - 221 00:13:06,880 --> 00:13:09,760 the Howards, the Berts, the Cynthias, the Mables - 222 00:13:09,760 --> 00:13:12,360 enjoying the comfort and ease in their seats. 223 00:13:12,360 --> 00:13:14,760 Careless of crumbs in turn-ups or pleats, 224 00:13:14,760 --> 00:13:17,040 admire the gleam on the chromium plate, 225 00:13:17,040 --> 00:13:20,520 Polish on tables, the unfaded state of curtains and fabrics, 226 00:13:20,520 --> 00:13:25,440 but rarely give thought to the long years of training. 227 00:13:33,840 --> 00:13:37,640 Now beyond York, the Scots crew prepare to relieve the strain 228 00:13:37,640 --> 00:13:39,400 on the English pair. 229 00:13:39,400 --> 00:13:42,560 They had a reserve compartment, and the Edinburgh men, 230 00:13:42,560 --> 00:13:45,600 they worked from Edinburgh to York the day previous, 231 00:13:45,600 --> 00:13:51,920 stayed overnight in London in a hostel 232 00:13:51,920 --> 00:13:55,280 and then they signed on duty in the morning at King's Cross, 233 00:13:55,280 --> 00:13:59,040 rode passenger in the train in a reserve compartment, 234 00:13:59,040 --> 00:14:02,120 had a meal on the train before they actually relieved, 235 00:14:02,120 --> 00:14:06,080 and then went through the corridor tender which we can see now 236 00:14:06,080 --> 00:14:11,880 onto the footplate and relieved while the train was going at 50-60 mph. 237 00:14:15,360 --> 00:14:18,240 There you see Tony MacLeod, the Haymarket driver, 238 00:14:18,240 --> 00:14:20,080 relieving Bob Marroble. 239 00:14:25,720 --> 00:14:29,320 Bob Marroble's taking his case and walking back and through, 240 00:14:29,320 --> 00:14:30,760 and there's Mungo Scott. 241 00:14:36,240 --> 00:14:37,840 Mungo's looking at the fire 242 00:14:37,840 --> 00:14:40,920 to see the state of the fire before he starts firing up. 243 00:14:43,760 --> 00:14:47,400 Sir Nigel Gresley designed his A4 with the speed of a greyhound, 244 00:14:47,400 --> 00:14:50,680 the strength of a boar, but when he put fire in her stomach, 245 00:14:50,680 --> 00:14:53,720 he taught her to burn with a furious thirst for water, 246 00:14:53,720 --> 00:14:56,360 so when she approaches a water trough, 247 00:14:56,360 --> 00:14:59,000 watch fireman Mungo doing his stuff. 248 00:15:02,120 --> 00:15:06,440 There's the water troughs. He's dropping the scoop in. 249 00:15:09,400 --> 00:15:12,440 There you can see the water overflowing. 250 00:15:12,440 --> 00:15:15,480 I should imagine they'll get somewhere in the region 251 00:15:15,480 --> 00:15:18,480 of about 4,000 gallons if they're lucky. 252 00:15:18,480 --> 00:15:21,360 These guys are the kings of the track, aren't they? 253 00:15:21,360 --> 00:15:24,320 Oh, yes. They're top link men. Probably Tony MacLeod, he's worked 254 00:15:24,320 --> 00:15:29,200 on the railway 40 years before he started doing this type of work. 255 00:15:29,200 --> 00:15:32,280 They're all quite old, the drivers? 256 00:15:32,280 --> 00:15:38,920 On those jobs, yes. Tony MacLeod would be 60, 61. 257 00:15:38,920 --> 00:15:43,280 He'd been on those jobs for five or six years when that film was taken. 258 00:15:43,280 --> 00:15:46,320 Mungo Scott was in his middle-20s. 259 00:15:51,200 --> 00:15:54,160 As they come down from Groundshouse, the peak of the climb, 260 00:15:54,160 --> 00:15:56,640 they're over the worst. 261 00:15:56,640 --> 00:15:58,360 And she's running on time. 262 00:16:03,320 --> 00:16:06,360 There was great rivalry between the different crews 263 00:16:06,360 --> 00:16:09,640 and you'd swear by your driver. 264 00:16:14,640 --> 00:16:17,720 The consumption worked out at about a ton per 60 miles. 265 00:16:17,720 --> 00:16:22,280 You actually physically lifted, on a little shovel.... 266 00:16:22,280 --> 00:16:24,400 Oh, yeah. Yeah. 267 00:16:44,920 --> 00:16:50,040 Mr Arnott at Waverley Station has a very high sense of occasion. 268 00:16:50,040 --> 00:16:52,840 If a train's a non-stopper, his topper is proper, 269 00:16:52,840 --> 00:16:55,120 his humbug's for trains of low station. 270 00:16:57,000 --> 00:16:59,000 When that film was made, 271 00:16:59,000 --> 00:17:01,120 you could feel they thought nothing would change. 272 00:17:01,120 --> 00:17:04,560 Steam engines would go on forever, Britain would always have an empire 273 00:17:04,560 --> 00:17:07,480 and Blackpool and Newcastle United would always be in the cup final. 274 00:17:07,480 --> 00:17:11,200 But overnight almost, British Rail's modernisation programme 275 00:17:11,200 --> 00:17:15,240 announced the end of steam. Four years later, the first Deltic diesels 276 00:17:15,240 --> 00:17:17,640 were being ordered for the Edinburgh run. 277 00:17:17,640 --> 00:17:21,000 Soon after that, steam engines were being replaced not by steam engines 278 00:17:21,000 --> 00:17:23,720 but other kinds of engines, for the first time in history. 279 00:17:23,720 --> 00:17:26,600 The steam loco was becoming a threatened species. 280 00:17:26,600 --> 00:17:29,360 British Rail were going to look after the future 281 00:17:29,360 --> 00:17:31,640 but who was going to look after the past? 282 00:17:31,640 --> 00:17:35,280 In the nick of time, a new breed of man arrived - the private collector. 283 00:17:39,600 --> 00:17:44,600 40 years old, only done three million miles. What a sniff at £3,000. 284 00:17:44,600 --> 00:17:48,640 That's what a businessman paid for this grand veteran of the iron road. 285 00:17:48,640 --> 00:17:52,280 All dressed up for the part, the proud man from Nottinghamshire, 286 00:17:52,280 --> 00:17:55,120 Alan Pegler, was with the engine he saved from the break-up yard. 287 00:17:55,120 --> 00:17:57,920 The Flying Scotsman has years of work in her still, but progress, 288 00:17:57,920 --> 00:18:00,560 in the shape of diesel locomotives, has pushed her aside. 289 00:18:00,560 --> 00:18:03,280 That's a sad thought for everybody who's ever thrilled 290 00:18:03,280 --> 00:18:05,280 at the sight of an express steam engine. 291 00:18:13,440 --> 00:18:15,400 WHISTLE BLOWS 292 00:18:15,400 --> 00:18:18,000 Alan Pegler was realising a dream 293 00:18:18,000 --> 00:18:21,040 most people only played with in their head - 294 00:18:21,040 --> 00:18:25,480 running a real life-size train set. 295 00:18:25,480 --> 00:18:29,320 In 1968, 40 years on, he recreated the first non-stop run to Edinburgh. 296 00:18:29,320 --> 00:18:31,240 There is in fact no real economy 297 00:18:31,240 --> 00:18:34,720 in going from London to Edinburgh non-stop, and British Rail 298 00:18:34,720 --> 00:18:38,200 don't want to do it today, but when you have to take two tenders 299 00:18:38,200 --> 00:18:41,560 to carry all that coal and water, there are disadvantages, 300 00:18:41,560 --> 00:18:43,720 but when you run your very own engine, 301 00:18:43,720 --> 00:18:46,800 you don't think about things like that, you just do it. 302 00:18:51,560 --> 00:18:54,960 Today, Edinburgh, tomorrow the world, and the next year, 303 00:18:54,960 --> 00:18:58,080 Alan Pegler took the engine to America. 304 00:19:12,960 --> 00:19:15,520 The Flying Scotsman was trying to make money 305 00:19:15,520 --> 00:19:18,960 out of hauling a business exhibition train across America. 306 00:19:18,960 --> 00:19:23,000 The man who ended up in charge of the operation was George Hinchcliffe. 307 00:19:23,000 --> 00:19:26,560 After the first trip, which from the exhibitors' point of view 308 00:19:26,560 --> 00:19:29,600 was very successful, from Boston to Houston, Texas, 309 00:19:29,600 --> 00:19:36,120 the train was put into store and eventually, the following year, 1970, 310 00:19:36,120 --> 00:19:38,400 we took it out of store in Slaton, Texas, 311 00:19:38,400 --> 00:19:40,280 and took it right up to Green Bay. 312 00:19:40,280 --> 00:19:46,800 That was fairly successful and I was in charge of the operation then, 313 00:19:46,800 --> 00:19:49,920 and we were actually making money hand over fist. 314 00:19:49,920 --> 00:19:53,400 The great thing in 1970 was that we visited very small places, 315 00:19:53,400 --> 00:19:59,840 where we were a very big event in a comparatively small town. 316 00:19:59,840 --> 00:20:04,320 20,000 inhabitants and probably a third of them would turn out. 317 00:20:04,320 --> 00:20:06,240 It was marvellous. 318 00:20:12,080 --> 00:20:14,480 But the expense of running an engine so far from home 319 00:20:14,480 --> 00:20:16,840 turned into difficulties, and difficulties turned 320 00:20:16,840 --> 00:20:20,160 into enormous debts, until another rescuer was needed desperately. 321 00:20:20,160 --> 00:20:22,160 He turned up in the nick of time 322 00:20:22,160 --> 00:20:24,440 in the shape of one of the McAlpine family. 323 00:20:24,440 --> 00:20:28,160 Well, Bill rang me one night and said, 324 00:20:28,160 --> 00:20:31,280 "I've heard terrible things about the Flying Scotsman. 325 00:20:31,280 --> 00:20:34,880 "Could you go over to America and find out what's happened?" 326 00:20:35,880 --> 00:20:39,760 The day I actually saw the lawyer who was responsible for 327 00:20:39,760 --> 00:20:41,600 Flying Scotsman while it was in America 328 00:20:41,600 --> 00:20:44,000 was the day that the girl typist 329 00:20:44,000 --> 00:20:51,280 in San Francisco was about to type the writ to impound the locomotive, 330 00:20:51,280 --> 00:20:56,680 but with a time factor of about four hours between Washington time 331 00:20:56,680 --> 00:21:01,760 and San Francisco time, I had chance to phone Bill McAlpine and say, 332 00:21:01,760 --> 00:21:05,320 "Look, if you can pay so many thousand dollars, 333 00:21:05,320 --> 00:21:08,160 "the engine's yours." 334 00:21:09,880 --> 00:21:11,360 HORN BLARES 335 00:21:12,600 --> 00:21:15,720 And so, on what might nearly have been a funeral barge, 336 00:21:15,720 --> 00:21:18,000 Flying Scotsman set off home again. 337 00:21:21,760 --> 00:21:24,800 WIND WHISTLES 338 00:21:31,920 --> 00:21:35,440 They say that all the cells in the human body are replaced every 339 00:21:35,440 --> 00:21:39,480 seven years, and something of the same sort happens to a steam engine. 340 00:21:39,480 --> 00:21:42,920 There isn't much here that dates back to 1923. 341 00:21:42,920 --> 00:21:46,360 But the spirit lives on, and as much as anything, that's what they're 342 00:21:46,360 --> 00:21:50,880 restoring today at Steamtown, here at Carnforth in Lancashire. 343 00:21:52,880 --> 00:21:55,640 The work is done by a mixture of dedicated volunteers 344 00:21:55,640 --> 00:21:57,680 and permanently employed specialists. 345 00:22:02,120 --> 00:22:04,920 Welding new tubes for the super heater is definitely 346 00:22:04,920 --> 00:22:07,920 specialist work, but it takes more than expertise 347 00:22:07,920 --> 00:22:10,520 to get 100 tons of metal steaming again. 348 00:22:10,520 --> 00:22:12,880 It takes quite a lot of devotion, a lot of money, 349 00:22:12,880 --> 00:22:14,400 and backaching hard work. 350 00:22:16,360 --> 00:22:20,040 Well, we try to do bits and pieces of what we can. 351 00:22:20,040 --> 00:22:22,000 We're not all skilled. 352 00:22:22,000 --> 00:22:26,480 I used to be a fireman on this type of engine at Doncaster, 353 00:22:26,480 --> 00:22:29,160 and that's where my interest stems from. 354 00:22:29,160 --> 00:22:31,840 I think once you've been on that job, 355 00:22:31,840 --> 00:22:34,800 there's something bred into you that never leaves you. 356 00:22:36,280 --> 00:22:40,200 It's inside you. It's probably always there. 357 00:22:44,440 --> 00:22:47,520 I'm at work here five days a week for pay 358 00:22:47,520 --> 00:22:50,520 and the other two I'm usually here doing the volunteers' work as well. 359 00:22:50,520 --> 00:22:52,520 That's how I originally started. 360 00:22:53,680 --> 00:22:56,960 It's all right going by the textbook but it isn't... 361 00:22:56,960 --> 00:22:59,560 You know, when you get your hands dirty, you know why it works 362 00:22:59,560 --> 00:23:01,400 and how it performs. 363 00:23:01,400 --> 00:23:05,320 We do it for the love of it and not only that - 364 00:23:05,320 --> 00:23:08,560 we're preserving part of the Railway Heritage of the country. 365 00:23:08,560 --> 00:23:11,840 'I mean, you can go to a five-year-old child 366 00:23:11,840 --> 00:23:14,640 'and they've heard of the Flying Scotsman.' 367 00:23:14,640 --> 00:23:18,880 This crown looks in poor condition, Pat. 368 00:23:18,880 --> 00:23:21,920 Looks as though the white metal has moved slightly. 369 00:23:24,360 --> 00:23:26,600 Dirt and grit gets into the white metal. 370 00:23:26,600 --> 00:23:29,640 It gets so much dirt into it it won't absorb oil, 371 00:23:29,640 --> 00:23:31,800 and it eventually it'll start to wear. 372 00:23:31,800 --> 00:23:35,360 It's just like your car big end, exactly. 373 00:23:40,360 --> 00:23:47,720 White metal, well, it's 65% tin and the rest is lead and antimony. 374 00:23:49,200 --> 00:23:51,440 It's quite expensive. 375 00:23:56,320 --> 00:24:00,040 It takes me a day to re-metal one, a full day, 376 00:24:00,040 --> 00:24:04,360 and then probably another day to machine it and fit it on. 377 00:24:06,480 --> 00:24:10,360 I first started in 1942, straight from school at 14. 378 00:24:10,360 --> 00:24:12,720 At one time, if you lived in Carnforth 379 00:24:12,720 --> 00:24:16,160 and you were in a railway family, you automatically went onto the railway. 380 00:24:20,320 --> 00:24:22,800 And so Flying Scotsman is ready for the road again. 381 00:24:25,360 --> 00:24:26,800 Well, almost ready. 382 00:24:28,120 --> 00:24:30,520 Before it can go out on British Rail track, 383 00:24:30,520 --> 00:24:32,080 there have to be last-minute checks 384 00:24:32,080 --> 00:24:36,840 and an intimate inspection by British Rail's surgeons and specialists. 385 00:24:36,840 --> 00:24:41,320 A match-fitness test of all those hamstrings and cartilages. 386 00:24:44,000 --> 00:24:47,840 After that, a proper road test, a 30-mile run up to the Yorkshire Dales 387 00:24:47,840 --> 00:24:51,160 and back, and that's how I came to have the magic chance to go down 388 00:24:51,160 --> 00:24:54,600 the same tender corridor on which Alec Hurley, the villain, went, 389 00:24:54,600 --> 00:24:58,320 in 1929, through which so many drivers have passed 390 00:24:58,320 --> 00:24:59,720 on the non-stop run. 391 00:25:02,480 --> 00:25:05,000 At the end of the tunnel, I found the British Rail Inspector 392 00:25:05,000 --> 00:25:06,960 Reg Lawrence. 393 00:25:06,960 --> 00:25:08,480 All right if I come? 394 00:25:08,480 --> 00:25:10,960 Yes, come on. Do what do you want, yes. 395 00:25:10,960 --> 00:25:12,000 It would be quite safe? 396 00:25:12,000 --> 00:25:15,200 WHISTLE BLOWS LOUDLY Oh yeah, yeah. 397 00:25:15,200 --> 00:25:18,480 60mph is very safe. 398 00:25:18,480 --> 00:25:21,880 Above that, you've got to think of the age of them. 399 00:25:21,880 --> 00:25:25,800 They are, after all... This one is actually as old as me. 400 00:25:25,800 --> 00:25:27,680 - It was built the year I was born. - Really? 401 00:25:27,680 --> 00:25:28,880 Yeah. 1923, yeah. 402 00:25:28,880 --> 00:25:31,280 Somebody was telling me... Is this really your last day? 403 00:25:31,280 --> 00:25:34,840 Definitely, yeah. I retire on Friday, 404 00:25:34,840 --> 00:25:38,560 but I've got two little parties, tomorrow and the day after. 405 00:25:38,560 --> 00:25:41,760 So your last job is actually testing the Flying Scotsman? 406 00:25:41,760 --> 00:25:43,560 My last job, yes. 407 00:25:43,560 --> 00:25:45,480 - That's a good way to go out. - It is, indeed. 408 00:25:45,480 --> 00:25:49,120 Well, come in with a puff of smoke, go out with one, eh? 409 00:25:49,120 --> 00:25:51,640 - You wouldn't trail her today? - What? 410 00:25:51,640 --> 00:25:53,480 You wouldn't like to trail her today? 411 00:25:53,480 --> 00:25:55,360 Oh, no, no way, no. 412 00:25:55,360 --> 00:25:58,720 No, she's in good order now. They've made a good job of it. 413 00:26:03,120 --> 00:26:06,360 So what's it like riding on the footplate of the Flying Scotsman? 414 00:26:06,360 --> 00:26:10,240 Well, it shakes around a lot like a bucking horse, it's dirty, 415 00:26:10,240 --> 00:26:12,840 you can hardly hear yourself speak, things blow in your eyes, 416 00:26:12,840 --> 00:26:16,240 Your legs get hot from the firebox and your top half freezes 417 00:26:16,240 --> 00:26:17,480 in the 60mph draught. 418 00:26:17,480 --> 00:26:19,960 In other words, it's fantastic. 419 00:26:33,720 --> 00:26:37,160 I'm not surprised that people want to give up their weekends 420 00:26:37,160 --> 00:26:40,240 and their holidays and their fortunes to keep an engine like this going. 421 00:26:40,240 --> 00:26:42,880 It would never get a train from London to Edinburgh in today's 422 00:26:42,880 --> 00:26:45,600 four and a half hours, but when you see it charging 423 00:26:45,600 --> 00:26:48,480 through the English countryside, you just forget that any other 424 00:26:48,480 --> 00:26:49,960 kind of engine has ever existed. 425 00:27:03,680 --> 00:27:06,880 You also forget that for the last 20 years, the Flying Scotsman 426 00:27:06,880 --> 00:27:10,360 has been living on borrowed time, and it may be that one day the only 427 00:27:10,360 --> 00:27:13,840 relic we'll have of engines like that is films like this, 428 00:27:13,840 --> 00:27:17,240 but then again, the fast diesels which now do the Flying Scotsman run 429 00:27:17,240 --> 00:27:20,240 are also living on borrowed time, as electrification 430 00:27:20,240 --> 00:27:23,600 marches up the east coast, and diesels have their own 431 00:27:23,600 --> 00:27:26,840 devoted fans, and one day, perhaps, history will repeat itself 432 00:27:26,840 --> 00:27:30,680 and steam nostalgia films will be replaced by diesel nostalgia films. 433 00:27:38,160 --> 00:27:40,480 But until then, what a way to go. 434 00:28:54,720 --> 00:28:57,400 Subtitles by Red Bee Media Ltd