1 00:00:22,524 --> 00:00:25,724 CHEERING AND APPLAUSE 2 00:00:32,725 --> 00:00:35,205 Good evening and welcome to QI, 3 00:00:35,205 --> 00:00:38,405 where tonight we are Roaming around the world, 4 00:00:38,405 --> 00:00:40,725 taking in a remarkable range of people and places 5 00:00:40,725 --> 00:00:42,725 beginning with the letter R. 6 00:00:42,725 --> 00:00:45,045 Joining me tonight on riding the rails, 7 00:00:45,045 --> 00:00:46,965 it's Benjamin Zephaniah. 8 00:00:46,965 --> 00:00:49,005 CHEERING AND APPLAUSE 9 00:00:50,885 --> 00:00:53,725 Roving the roads, it's Josh Widdicombe. 10 00:00:53,725 --> 00:00:55,406 CHEERING AND APPLAUSE 11 00:00:57,606 --> 00:01:00,366 Racing down the rapids, it's Sara Pascoe. 12 00:01:00,366 --> 00:01:04,046 CHEERING AND APPLAUSE 13 00:01:04,046 --> 00:01:06,086 And running to the restroom, 14 00:01:06,086 --> 00:01:08,086 it's Alan Davies. 15 00:01:08,086 --> 00:01:10,526 CHEERING AND APPLAUSE 16 00:01:14,086 --> 00:01:16,086 And let's go round the horns. 17 00:01:16,086 --> 00:01:17,407 Benjamin goes... 18 00:01:17,407 --> 00:01:19,247 TRAIN WHISTLE 19 00:01:21,247 --> 00:01:22,767 Josh goes... 20 00:01:22,767 --> 00:01:25,087 CAR HORN 21 00:01:25,087 --> 00:01:26,607 Sara goes... 22 00:01:26,607 --> 00:01:29,007 FOGHORN 23 00:01:29,007 --> 00:01:31,007 Butch. 24 00:01:31,007 --> 00:01:32,487 And Alan goes... 25 00:01:32,487 --> 00:01:34,567 CLOWN CAR HORN 26 00:01:34,567 --> 00:01:36,127 Fair enough. 27 00:01:36,127 --> 00:01:38,407 Right, let's start with a really riveting question. 28 00:01:38,407 --> 00:01:41,208 Who is this woman and what can she do? 29 00:01:41,208 --> 00:01:43,768 She looks like my primary school teacher. 30 00:01:43,768 --> 00:01:45,448 Terrifying. She's beautiful. 31 00:01:45,448 --> 00:01:46,888 Does the audience know who it is? 32 00:01:46,888 --> 00:01:48,648 AUDIENCE: Rosie the Riveter. 33 00:01:48,648 --> 00:01:50,128 KLAXON 34 00:01:51,728 --> 00:01:54,408 Oh, no, you're on minus points already, audience. I know. 35 00:01:54,408 --> 00:01:55,608 LAUGHTER 36 00:01:55,608 --> 00:01:58,488 It's a common misconception. So she was a poster girl, apparently, 37 00:01:58,488 --> 00:02:01,289 for women's contribution to the war effort in the Second World War, 38 00:02:01,289 --> 00:02:03,169 that's what it is commonly thought. 39 00:02:03,169 --> 00:02:05,729 The poster does date, in fact, from 1943, 40 00:02:05,729 --> 00:02:08,209 but it was actually used only for ten days 41 00:02:08,209 --> 00:02:10,889 in the American Westinghouse Factories. 42 00:02:10,889 --> 00:02:13,289 But it was part of a series of 42 posters, 43 00:02:13,289 --> 00:02:15,689 and the idea was to halt union activity. 44 00:02:15,689 --> 00:02:17,569 It was to prevent strike action. 45 00:02:17,569 --> 00:02:20,369 Then what happened was the poster was rediscovered in the 1980s 46 00:02:20,369 --> 00:02:22,249 and it was given a sort of new lease of life. 47 00:02:22,249 --> 00:02:24,050 The real Rosie the Riveter 48 00:02:24,050 --> 00:02:27,050 is based on somebody that you might have heard of. 49 00:02:27,050 --> 00:02:28,810 So that is the real Rosie the Riveter. 50 00:02:28,810 --> 00:02:30,330 Who do you think it looks like? 51 00:02:30,330 --> 00:02:32,170 Is it Roseanne Barr? 52 00:02:32,170 --> 00:02:33,410 LAUGHTER 53 00:02:33,410 --> 00:02:35,090 I think it looks like Jo Brand. 54 00:02:35,090 --> 00:02:37,290 SARA: It does look a little bit like Jo Brand. 55 00:02:37,290 --> 00:02:38,690 Do you not think? Yeah. 56 00:02:38,690 --> 00:02:40,930 But it is based on somebody famous. 57 00:02:40,930 --> 00:02:43,570 It's painted by Norman Rockwell and he based it 58 00:02:43,570 --> 00:02:48,171 on the Prophet Isaiah from Michelangelo's Sistine Chapel. 59 00:02:48,171 --> 00:02:49,891 Oh, wow. I know. 60 00:02:49,891 --> 00:02:52,251 You wouldn't think it. That's rather cool, isn't it? Yeah. 61 00:02:52,251 --> 00:02:54,011 I know, it's absolutely marvellous. 62 00:02:54,011 --> 00:02:57,091 So when you say we might recognise them because it's someone we know... 63 00:02:57,091 --> 00:02:59,091 LAUGHTER 64 00:02:59,091 --> 00:03:01,651 No, I said it was based on somebody famous. So... How famous is he? 65 00:03:01,651 --> 00:03:03,451 Isaiah? Isaiah? Yeah. 66 00:03:03,451 --> 00:03:05,291 JOSH: I reckon they'd book him for this show. 67 00:03:05,291 --> 00:03:07,131 Yeah. LAUGHTER 68 00:03:07,131 --> 00:03:09,572 So Rosie is eating a ham sandwich, you can't quite see it 69 00:03:09,572 --> 00:03:12,812 in this picture, but her foot is crushing a copy of Mein Kampf. 70 00:03:12,812 --> 00:03:15,452 It was actually based on a 19-year-old telephone operator 71 00:03:15,452 --> 00:03:17,332 called Mary Doyle Keefe. 72 00:03:17,332 --> 00:03:20,532 She was paid $10 and she wasn't a riveter at all. 73 00:03:20,532 --> 00:03:23,572 But the image of actual Rosie the Riveter fell out of use 74 00:03:23,572 --> 00:03:25,012 due to copyright restrictions, 75 00:03:25,012 --> 00:03:26,892 and the gap in the market was sort of filled 76 00:03:26,892 --> 00:03:29,893 by the "We Can Do It" version that we saw earlier. 77 00:03:29,893 --> 00:03:33,373 The real name, Rosie the Riveter, came from a song 78 00:03:33,373 --> 00:03:35,173 and we think we can have a listen to it. 79 00:03:35,173 --> 00:03:37,413 # Keeps a sharp lookout for sabotage 80 00:03:37,413 --> 00:03:39,453 # Sitting up there on the fuselage 81 00:03:39,453 --> 00:03:41,973 # That little frail can do more than a male can do 82 00:03:41,973 --> 00:03:44,813 # Rosie the Riveter. # 83 00:03:46,253 --> 00:03:49,773 I love that. "That little frail can do more than a male." Yeah. 84 00:03:49,773 --> 00:03:52,414 It makes you feel good about yourself, doesn't it? 85 00:03:52,414 --> 00:03:55,894 On the subject of QI panellist resemblances, 86 00:03:55,894 --> 00:03:58,734 I said how much I thought that poster looked like Jo Brand, 87 00:03:58,734 --> 00:04:02,174 in July 2018, there's a Twitter user called Sam Jordan, 88 00:04:02,174 --> 00:04:04,134 and he tweeted the following, 89 00:04:04,134 --> 00:04:06,414 "Going through some old photos, a welcome surprise..." 90 00:04:06,414 --> 00:04:07,894 Oh, yeah! 91 00:04:07,894 --> 00:04:10,014 LAUGHTER 92 00:04:13,574 --> 00:04:16,615 "..to find my great grandmother is, in fact, Alan Davies." 93 00:04:16,615 --> 00:04:18,455 Wow! 94 00:04:18,455 --> 00:04:22,095 Can you stand up next to it, Alan? Let's have a look. 95 00:04:22,095 --> 00:04:24,295 Well, I think she's gorgeous. 96 00:04:24,295 --> 00:04:25,775 LAUGHTER 97 00:04:25,775 --> 00:04:27,895 Oh, yeah. JOSH: Oh, wow. Yeah, yeah, yeah. 98 00:04:27,895 --> 00:04:30,255 APPLAUSE 99 00:04:33,455 --> 00:04:35,695 Now, for a bit of Randy Scandi. 100 00:04:35,695 --> 00:04:37,936 Here are some words of Scandinavian origin. 101 00:04:37,936 --> 00:04:40,736 To be more specific, they're of Norwegian origin, 102 00:04:40,736 --> 00:04:44,336 since the Danes would never use such stupid words. 103 00:04:44,336 --> 00:04:47,496 Who can tell me what they mean? Have a look at some of these. 104 00:04:47,496 --> 00:04:49,416 Crotching is obvious. Yes? What, is it? 105 00:04:49,416 --> 00:04:51,176 What Michael Jackson does. 106 00:04:51,176 --> 00:04:53,616 Oh, yes, like a bit of a move, a crotching move. "Ooh!" 107 00:04:53,616 --> 00:04:55,176 JOSH: Oh, I thought you were thinking 108 00:04:55,176 --> 00:04:56,616 of a very different thing there. 109 00:04:56,616 --> 00:04:59,457 LAUGHTER AND APPLAUSE 110 00:05:02,937 --> 00:05:05,697 You're thinking of flushbunking. Yeah. 111 00:05:08,497 --> 00:05:10,937 I saw something the other day online... 112 00:05:10,937 --> 00:05:13,897 I don't know if I can talk about this, cos it's really dirty. 113 00:05:13,897 --> 00:05:15,137 Come on, come on. Darling, 114 00:05:15,137 --> 00:05:18,177 you've already gone down to Michael Jackson's crotch, help yourself. 115 00:05:18,177 --> 00:05:23,618 No, it was...these people who, they're kind of pranksters I guess, 116 00:05:23,618 --> 00:05:26,298 and they literally lick toilets. 117 00:05:26,298 --> 00:05:28,298 What?! What? Yeah. 118 00:05:28,298 --> 00:05:31,138 As a...as a hobby, like a sort of niche hobby? 119 00:05:31,138 --> 00:05:33,578 I guess they get lots of likes and views on YouTube, 120 00:05:33,578 --> 00:05:34,818 and stuff like that. 121 00:05:34,818 --> 00:05:37,458 Wow. I mean, I've been worrying about shaking hands, but... 122 00:05:37,458 --> 00:05:38,738 LAUGHTER 123 00:05:38,738 --> 00:05:40,538 And you think that's flushbunking? 124 00:05:40,538 --> 00:05:43,139 Sounds like a whiffswiddle to me. Yeah. 125 00:05:46,099 --> 00:05:49,019 Well, I can tell you that biffsquiggled means confused. 126 00:05:49,019 --> 00:05:51,459 Flushbunking actually means making no sense. 127 00:05:51,459 --> 00:05:54,419 Whiffswiddle is something that happens or moves very, very fast. 128 00:05:54,419 --> 00:05:56,379 And all of these words were invented by one person. 129 00:05:56,379 --> 00:05:57,939 Who do we think that might be? 130 00:05:57,939 --> 00:05:59,659 A Norwegian person? Norwegian person? 131 00:05:59,659 --> 00:06:02,299 Well, of Norwegian origin. Is it a footballer? 132 00:06:02,299 --> 00:06:04,459 No, it isn't. I'm out. 133 00:06:04,459 --> 00:06:07,340 It was for the BFG. Oh, Roald Dahl. It is Roald Dahl. 134 00:06:07,340 --> 00:06:10,180 His parents were Norwegian immigrants. 135 00:06:10,180 --> 00:06:12,620 I mean, the Danes would never have anything so absurd. 136 00:06:12,620 --> 00:06:15,780 Here are a few Danish words, just to see if you can see what they mean. 137 00:06:15,780 --> 00:06:17,180 LAUGHTER 138 00:06:18,340 --> 00:06:21,460 Bagslag? See, not funny to me at all. 139 00:06:21,460 --> 00:06:22,940 What? Bagslag? 140 00:06:22,940 --> 00:06:24,380 No, it's "Bowslei" 141 00:06:24,380 --> 00:06:25,780 "Bowslei"? "Bowslei". 142 00:06:25,780 --> 00:06:28,021 "Bowslei". Yes. And is it still a slapper? 143 00:06:28,021 --> 00:06:29,661 LAUGHTER 144 00:06:31,261 --> 00:06:33,141 Dancing round the handbag. 145 00:06:33,141 --> 00:06:35,741 IN SCANDINAVIAN ACCENT: Oh, Sandra, come away, you "bowslei". 146 00:06:35,741 --> 00:06:38,581 LAUGHTER 147 00:06:38,581 --> 00:06:40,821 No, it means backfire. 148 00:06:40,821 --> 00:06:42,261 Bagslag. 149 00:06:42,261 --> 00:06:43,861 Isn't that what fart? 150 00:06:43,861 --> 00:06:45,501 It's a fart, yes. 151 00:06:45,501 --> 00:06:47,541 Fart is the Danish word for speed. 152 00:06:47,541 --> 00:06:49,341 So, you have to mind your fart. 153 00:06:50,982 --> 00:06:52,942 What about the other one? Anybody want to try? 154 00:06:52,942 --> 00:06:55,102 Boghandel. IN SCANDINAVIAN ACCENT: Boghandel. 155 00:06:55,102 --> 00:06:57,182 SARA: Yeah, how do you pronounce that one? "Bo han'l". 156 00:06:57,182 --> 00:07:00,342 "Bo handle"? No, "Bo han'l". 157 00:07:00,342 --> 00:07:01,742 "Bo han'l". "Bo han'l". 158 00:07:01,742 --> 00:07:03,182 LAUGHTER 159 00:07:04,422 --> 00:07:05,822 This is so fun. 160 00:07:05,822 --> 00:07:08,222 "Bo" means book and "handel" is the handler of the books, 161 00:07:08,222 --> 00:07:09,822 so it's the book shop. 162 00:07:09,822 --> 00:07:11,102 "Bo han'l". 163 00:07:11,102 --> 00:07:12,463 Book shop? Yeah. 164 00:07:12,463 --> 00:07:13,583 Boghandel. 165 00:07:13,583 --> 00:07:17,583 So you'd go, "I need to go..." Fart down to the bo handel. 166 00:07:17,583 --> 00:07:19,223 "..fart to the book shop", yeah. 167 00:07:19,223 --> 00:07:21,663 "I want to read Fifty Shades of Grey because I'm a bagslag". 168 00:07:21,663 --> 00:07:23,063 LAUGHTER 169 00:07:24,103 --> 00:07:26,423 Roald Dahl is actually a very interesting fellow. 170 00:07:26,423 --> 00:07:27,863 He was a spy, briefly. 171 00:07:27,863 --> 00:07:29,783 He was a spy for the sort of covert operation 172 00:07:29,783 --> 00:07:32,063 set up by MI6 to spy in the United States. 173 00:07:32,063 --> 00:07:34,864 But he used his spy experiences to write screenplays. 174 00:07:34,864 --> 00:07:37,104 He wrote two Ian Fleming screenplays. 175 00:07:37,104 --> 00:07:40,144 He wrote the James Bond film You Only Live Twice, 176 00:07:40,144 --> 00:07:42,304 and Chitty Chitty Bang Bang, as well. Oh. Wow. 177 00:07:42,304 --> 00:07:46,424 But he made up over 500 words in BFG. Yeah. 178 00:07:46,424 --> 00:07:49,064 Scrumdiddlyumptious. 179 00:07:49,064 --> 00:07:51,344 Snozzcumber? Snozzcumber, yeah. 180 00:07:51,344 --> 00:07:52,944 Snozzcumber, yes, which was? 181 00:07:52,944 --> 00:07:55,184 It was like a kind of bitter cucumber, wasn't it? Yeah, 182 00:07:55,184 --> 00:07:58,225 a black and white striped cucumber. With little knobbles on the outside. 183 00:07:58,225 --> 00:08:00,865 I wish James Bond had eaten one of those instead of having a Martini. 184 00:08:00,865 --> 00:08:02,505 LAUGHTER 185 00:08:02,505 --> 00:08:04,105 "I'll have a Snozzcumber, please." 186 00:08:04,105 --> 00:08:06,545 "Sliced." "Yeah, if you wouldn't mind." 187 00:08:06,545 --> 00:08:08,905 That is an incredible book, published in 1982, 188 00:08:08,905 --> 00:08:11,745 it has sold over 40 million copies. 189 00:08:11,745 --> 00:08:14,265 Amazing. It sells another million every year. 190 00:08:14,265 --> 00:08:15,905 I know, right? The BFG does? 191 00:08:15,905 --> 00:08:17,105 Yeah, The BFG, yeah. 192 00:08:17,105 --> 00:08:20,426 One of the dreams in one of the jars is that a book sells so well 193 00:08:20,426 --> 00:08:22,386 that even footballers on the pitch, 194 00:08:22,386 --> 00:08:24,706 that everyone in the world is reading the book. 195 00:08:24,706 --> 00:08:27,746 And it kind of is like that, isn't it? Everyone's read The BFG. 196 00:08:27,746 --> 00:08:29,306 Not footballers. 197 00:08:31,746 --> 00:08:33,986 Dahl, when he was buried, I love this, 198 00:08:33,986 --> 00:08:36,626 he was buried with his snooker cues, some very good Burgundy, 199 00:08:36,626 --> 00:08:39,266 chocolates, HB pencils and a power saw. 200 00:08:39,266 --> 00:08:42,107 Which I just think is... What's he planning? I don't know. 201 00:08:43,107 --> 00:08:44,827 What would you be buried with, Alan? 202 00:08:44,827 --> 00:08:46,987 What would, if you were to choose the bits and pieces? 203 00:08:46,987 --> 00:08:49,307 I was just going to say my children! 204 00:08:49,307 --> 00:08:52,067 LAUGHTER AND APPLAUSE 205 00:08:56,867 --> 00:09:00,107 Ladies and gentlemen, Dad of the Year! 206 00:09:00,107 --> 00:09:02,828 Yeah, no, I don't think that's appropriate. 207 00:09:02,828 --> 00:09:04,188 No, it's not. 208 00:09:04,188 --> 00:09:05,668 What about you, Josh? Um... 209 00:09:05,668 --> 00:09:07,708 Oh, ah... 210 00:09:07,708 --> 00:09:10,748 I completed a jigsaw for the first time this week. 211 00:09:10,748 --> 00:09:12,588 Two piece or one? Yeah, how many...? 212 00:09:12,588 --> 00:09:15,428 I'll tell you how many pieces it was meant to be, 1,000. Yeah. 213 00:09:15,428 --> 00:09:17,148 And it was 999 pieces. Yeah. 214 00:09:17,148 --> 00:09:19,788 So you didn't complete a jigsaw. No. 215 00:09:19,788 --> 00:09:23,588 Just so proud about something you failed at. 216 00:09:23,588 --> 00:09:25,509 I didn't fail, but... You did, darling, 217 00:09:25,509 --> 00:09:29,229 because when you say you completed a jigsaw, that is not what happened. 218 00:09:29,229 --> 00:09:31,669 You didn't complete it. Yeah. Thank you. 219 00:09:31,669 --> 00:09:34,869 All right, I want to be buried with the final piece of the jigsaw. 220 00:09:35,989 --> 00:09:37,949 Anybody else got thoughts about it? 221 00:09:37,949 --> 00:09:40,389 I think, yeah, just in case, a big book. Yeah. 222 00:09:40,389 --> 00:09:42,029 Cos quite often, there's big books 223 00:09:42,029 --> 00:09:44,069 that you wish you had time to read, like... 224 00:09:44,069 --> 00:09:45,389 It'd be dark, though. 225 00:09:45,389 --> 00:09:47,390 Oh... And a torch. 226 00:09:47,390 --> 00:09:50,110 How many things are we allowed to take down there? 227 00:09:50,110 --> 00:09:51,670 In Birmingham Museum... Yeah? 228 00:09:51,670 --> 00:09:54,870 ..one of the exhibits is my first typewriter, 229 00:09:54,870 --> 00:09:59,070 and it's a typewriter that's almost 100 years old. I was a little kid... 230 00:09:59,070 --> 00:10:00,150 Wow, you've aged well! 231 00:10:01,190 --> 00:10:03,550 I was a little kid and this bloke looked at me and he went, 232 00:10:03,550 --> 00:10:05,190 "What do you want to do when you grow up?" 233 00:10:05,190 --> 00:10:06,630 And I said, "I want to be a poet." 234 00:10:06,630 --> 00:10:08,430 And he went, "Well, here's a typewriter." 235 00:10:08,430 --> 00:10:09,831 And it's a beautiful piece. 236 00:10:09,831 --> 00:10:12,111 And I'd like to be buried with that, so that... 237 00:10:12,111 --> 00:10:15,751 ..when I'm decomposing I'm still composing, basically. 238 00:10:15,751 --> 00:10:17,591 Oh, I think that's lovely! Ah, that's nice. 239 00:10:17,591 --> 00:10:20,831 That is really nice. That's very nice. That is so nice. 240 00:10:20,831 --> 00:10:23,551 But I am a little bit worried 241 00:10:23,551 --> 00:10:26,711 that the Birmingham Museum is going to be empty. 242 00:10:26,711 --> 00:10:28,751 What else have they got? Yeah. 243 00:10:28,751 --> 00:10:31,231 JOSH: They've got Jasper Carrott's stool. 244 00:10:31,231 --> 00:10:34,912 Oh, that's gone off by now, surely. Not his stool... Oh, I see! 245 00:10:34,912 --> 00:10:38,112 LAUGHTER 246 00:10:38,112 --> 00:10:40,512 I mean, sweet of him to offer it, but... 247 00:10:42,152 --> 00:10:44,392 Ah, this is the weirdest show I've ever been on. 248 00:10:44,392 --> 00:10:46,072 Where am I? 249 00:10:46,072 --> 00:10:47,232 I met Jasper Carrott 250 00:10:47,232 --> 00:10:49,472 and I asked him about why he's called Jasper Carrott, 251 00:10:49,472 --> 00:10:51,312 and he said it's cos his real name is Davis, 252 00:10:51,312 --> 00:10:53,232 and it's so boring. 253 00:10:53,232 --> 00:10:54,553 LAUGHTER 254 00:10:55,753 --> 00:10:58,393 His name is Bob Davis. 255 00:10:58,393 --> 00:10:59,673 Is that right? 256 00:10:59,673 --> 00:11:01,873 Yeah, and that's the name of my middle child. 257 00:11:04,713 --> 00:11:06,913 Who you want to buried with. Yeah! 258 00:11:06,913 --> 00:11:11,633 Now, onto the Romans. What did they ever do for us? 259 00:11:11,633 --> 00:11:14,233 I know what they didn't do. What did they not do? 260 00:11:14,233 --> 00:11:16,754 Cos I've seen this programme before. Yeah. 261 00:11:16,754 --> 00:11:18,754 They didn't build roads. 262 00:11:18,754 --> 00:11:20,674 No, they really did, darling. They did. They did. 263 00:11:20,674 --> 00:11:22,994 LAUGHTER AND APPLAUSE 264 00:11:28,554 --> 00:11:30,554 In Monty Python's Life Of Brian they ask, 265 00:11:30,554 --> 00:11:33,354 "All right, but apart from, you know, the sanitation, the medicine, 266 00:11:33,354 --> 00:11:35,954 "education, wine, public order, irrigation, roads, 267 00:11:35,954 --> 00:11:37,794 "a fresh water system and public health, 268 00:11:37,794 --> 00:11:39,435 "what have the Romans ever done for us?" 269 00:11:39,435 --> 00:11:42,475 In fact, most of those items on the list already existed. 270 00:11:42,475 --> 00:11:45,555 They were improved upon, rather than invented by the Romans. 271 00:11:45,555 --> 00:11:49,235 So they didn't invent roads, but they did certainly make them. 272 00:11:49,235 --> 00:11:51,435 Did they invent aqueducts? 273 00:11:51,435 --> 00:11:53,275 No, they did not invent aqueducts either. 274 00:11:53,275 --> 00:11:55,675 They were used by the Egyptians and the Babylonians 275 00:11:55,675 --> 00:11:58,675 for hundreds of years before the Romans. Underfloor heating? 276 00:11:58,675 --> 00:12:01,676 I mean, again, there is underfloor heating in other parts of the world. 277 00:12:01,676 --> 00:12:03,196 Really? Yes, I'm afraid so. 278 00:12:03,196 --> 00:12:07,356 Pasta. Pasta, they invented pasta, absolutely. 279 00:12:07,356 --> 00:12:09,716 No, all sorts of things that we think, so for example, 280 00:12:09,716 --> 00:12:11,756 straight roads is one of the things that we think, 281 00:12:11,756 --> 00:12:13,956 but we know straight roads existed in Ireland, 282 00:12:13,956 --> 00:12:15,876 which the Romans didn't even reach. 283 00:12:15,876 --> 00:12:18,236 And they didn't even invent paved roads. 284 00:12:18,236 --> 00:12:22,116 The world's oldest paved road, which this is part of... 285 00:12:22,116 --> 00:12:24,317 This looks like one of Josh's puzzles. 286 00:12:24,317 --> 00:12:25,957 LAUGHTER 287 00:12:27,637 --> 00:12:30,037 It's probably 4,500 years ago 288 00:12:30,037 --> 00:12:33,237 that this road was laid down. It's in Egypt. So it was laid down 289 00:12:33,237 --> 00:12:36,317 in order to build the monuments at Giza along the Nile. 290 00:12:36,317 --> 00:12:38,557 Who said aqueducts? Who said aqueducts? I did. 291 00:12:38,557 --> 00:12:41,197 You did. Cos that's what I remember from learning... 292 00:12:41,197 --> 00:12:43,637 The first things we learned about Romans at school. 293 00:12:43,637 --> 00:12:44,918 Aqueducts were pretty big 294 00:12:44,918 --> 00:12:46,998 and I thought I was going to see more of them in my life 295 00:12:46,998 --> 00:12:48,518 in the way that they were bigged up. 296 00:12:48,518 --> 00:12:50,958 Like, before then, water couldn't even go over bridges. 297 00:12:50,958 --> 00:12:53,278 Yeah. This one is in Nimes, in France. Beautiful... 298 00:12:53,278 --> 00:12:57,838 What happened there? So they didn't go high enough for first time? 299 00:12:57,838 --> 00:12:59,598 And then, where is the water then? 300 00:12:59,598 --> 00:13:01,318 It's down below in the river. 301 00:13:01,318 --> 00:13:03,078 LAUGHTER 302 00:13:04,558 --> 00:13:06,198 So, on that very top of the bridge? 303 00:13:06,198 --> 00:13:07,999 Yeah, on the very top of the bridge. 304 00:13:07,999 --> 00:13:10,479 In the seventh century BC, the Assyrian king built one 305 00:13:10,479 --> 00:13:12,679 to bring water all the way from the nearby mountains 306 00:13:12,679 --> 00:13:14,119 to his palace in Nineveh. 307 00:13:14,119 --> 00:13:16,519 So, lots of aqueducts before the Romans. 308 00:13:16,519 --> 00:13:18,759 There is something the Romans did give us, 309 00:13:18,759 --> 00:13:20,959 which is the wicker man. 310 00:13:20,959 --> 00:13:23,799 So, the very first evidence that we have 311 00:13:23,799 --> 00:13:27,119 of the wicker man style of pagan sacrifice comes from Julius Caesar. 312 00:13:27,119 --> 00:13:31,160 He claimed that the Druids burned people alive inside wicker cages. 313 00:13:31,160 --> 00:13:33,600 Oh, wow. The thing is, he's thought to have invented it, 314 00:13:33,600 --> 00:13:37,520 cos he wanted to show how barbaric everybody was in Britain. 315 00:13:37,520 --> 00:13:40,120 Although maybe the wicker man has not... 316 00:13:40,120 --> 00:13:41,960 ..we have no evidence of it, because... 317 00:13:41,960 --> 00:13:44,560 Cos they took it apart to make some cool chairs in the '80s. 318 00:13:44,560 --> 00:13:46,720 LAUGHTER 319 00:13:46,720 --> 00:13:49,040 Does anybody want to see a Peter Rabbit wicker man? 320 00:13:49,040 --> 00:13:52,281 Yeah. Oh... Yes, please. Always. OK, well... 321 00:13:52,281 --> 00:13:55,161 So, in 2016 they made a 40 ft - there it is - 322 00:13:55,161 --> 00:13:57,201 straw statue of Peter Rabbit. 323 00:13:57,201 --> 00:14:00,161 It was created to celebrate the 150th anniversary of Beatrix... 324 00:14:00,161 --> 00:14:01,641 And it's full of rabbits. 325 00:14:01,641 --> 00:14:04,721 Well, it was set alight by arsonists. 326 00:14:04,721 --> 00:14:06,321 AUDIENCE: Aww. 327 00:14:06,321 --> 00:14:09,601 Or Mr McGregor, which is the one I'm voting for! 328 00:14:09,601 --> 00:14:12,081 We had a picture of it on fire, but I couldn't bear to show it. 329 00:14:12,081 --> 00:14:13,602 Oh. Show it! No. 330 00:14:13,602 --> 00:14:15,762 Show it! Show it! Show it! Show it! 331 00:14:15,762 --> 00:14:17,762 It's too, no! Show it! 332 00:14:17,762 --> 00:14:20,922 Come on, you lot, what sort of rabble are you? 333 00:14:20,922 --> 00:14:22,562 I'm trying to rouse you! 334 00:14:22,562 --> 00:14:24,602 You want to see the burning rabbit, don't you? 335 00:14:24,602 --> 00:14:26,242 No! AUDIENCE: Yes! 336 00:14:26,242 --> 00:14:28,442 Have you got it? What is wrong with you?! 337 00:14:28,442 --> 00:14:31,282 It's not a real rabbit, it's just a picture of a fire! 338 00:14:31,282 --> 00:14:32,922 I'm not showing Peter Rabbit on fire. 339 00:14:32,922 --> 00:14:34,962 It's not happening. Aw. Yeah. 340 00:14:34,962 --> 00:14:37,603 SCATTERED BOOING And so was it supposed to...? 341 00:14:37,603 --> 00:14:40,163 Boo! Boo! Don't boo Sandi! Don't boo Sandi! 342 00:14:40,163 --> 00:14:43,323 Wow! I'm being nice for the odd child who watches. 343 00:14:43,323 --> 00:14:44,923 It's not happening. 344 00:14:44,923 --> 00:14:47,043 Be a very odd child, watching this show. 345 00:14:47,043 --> 00:14:48,763 LAUGHTER 346 00:14:48,763 --> 00:14:51,203 Anything else that they invented? 347 00:14:51,203 --> 00:14:53,963 Benjamin, in your field, there is something that they invented. 348 00:14:53,963 --> 00:14:55,483 They invented bound books. 349 00:14:55,483 --> 00:14:56,483 Oh! 350 00:14:56,483 --> 00:14:59,644 So, it wasn't until the Romans that it was thought a good idea to 351 00:14:59,644 --> 00:15:01,564 put lots of pieces of paper into some leather. 352 00:15:01,564 --> 00:15:04,444 Up until then, it had been scrolls entirely. 353 00:15:04,444 --> 00:15:07,644 So, bound books we owe to the Romans. And Latin, obviously. 354 00:15:07,644 --> 00:15:11,524 But the welfare, the idea of welfare is a Roman concept. 355 00:15:11,524 --> 00:15:14,604 So they had something a bit like a sort of corn dole, 356 00:15:14,604 --> 00:15:16,604 so if the poor were really suffering, 357 00:15:16,604 --> 00:15:18,924 they would give out and look after the needy, 358 00:15:18,924 --> 00:15:21,045 and that is a concept that hadn't existed before. 359 00:15:21,045 --> 00:15:23,885 I think there are some African scholars 360 00:15:23,885 --> 00:15:25,805 that would really disagree with that, 361 00:15:25,805 --> 00:15:28,165 cos there's lots of evidence that African villages 362 00:15:28,165 --> 00:15:31,045 used to share and they would never let anybody go poor. 363 00:15:31,045 --> 00:15:33,645 There's a Jamaican word called paadna. 364 00:15:33,645 --> 00:15:35,765 It's like partner, but paadna, 365 00:15:35,765 --> 00:15:39,445 where people put money into a kitty in the village 366 00:15:39,445 --> 00:15:42,206 and it's to make sure that no-one goes poor. 367 00:15:42,206 --> 00:15:44,846 I think there's a serious issue in history 368 00:15:44,846 --> 00:15:47,766 that probably a lot of that stuff that happened 369 00:15:47,766 --> 00:15:50,326 was not written down, and so it has been lost. Yeah. 370 00:15:50,326 --> 00:15:52,566 Well, you know, this... 371 00:15:52,566 --> 00:15:54,566 I'm going to talk about what I teach at university, 372 00:15:54,566 --> 00:15:56,846 but I teach the oral tradition. 373 00:15:56,846 --> 00:15:59,606 And so a lot of it is handed down word to mouth. Yeah. Mm. 374 00:15:59,606 --> 00:16:01,886 And a lot of western scholarship just missed it, 375 00:16:01,886 --> 00:16:03,326 because it wasn't written down. 376 00:16:03,326 --> 00:16:06,007 In West Africa, they used to have this thing called Ananci stories. 377 00:16:06,007 --> 00:16:08,607 Anancies were this kind of trickster spider that would 378 00:16:08,607 --> 00:16:11,927 always get in trouble and somehow work its way out of it. 379 00:16:11,927 --> 00:16:14,527 And there's always a little bit of wisdom left for you to 380 00:16:14,527 --> 00:16:16,567 learn from, especially for children. 381 00:16:16,567 --> 00:16:20,007 And, I mean, these have been going for hundreds and hundreds of years 382 00:16:20,007 --> 00:16:21,647 and they went to the Carribean. 383 00:16:21,647 --> 00:16:23,647 And then, I think it was in the mid-'90s, 384 00:16:23,647 --> 00:16:28,128 a British publisher published them and it upset a lot of people. 385 00:16:28,128 --> 00:16:30,328 Cos they're supposed to move and change with the times, 386 00:16:30,328 --> 00:16:32,168 but now you've set them in stone. 387 00:16:32,168 --> 00:16:33,368 Ah. Ah. 388 00:16:33,368 --> 00:16:35,488 And this is the point, you know, Ananci now, 389 00:16:35,488 --> 00:16:38,288 if you were telling an Ananci story to make your children wiser, 390 00:16:38,288 --> 00:16:40,848 it would involve the internet or whatever it is, 391 00:16:40,848 --> 00:16:42,128 whatever is going on... 392 00:16:42,128 --> 00:16:44,128 And keep it moving along. Yes, yeah. 393 00:16:44,128 --> 00:16:47,208 So that was the Romans, but what about the Romanians? 394 00:16:47,208 --> 00:16:48,809 What did they ever do for us? 395 00:16:48,809 --> 00:16:50,649 SARA: Oh, this is interesting. 396 00:16:50,649 --> 00:16:53,089 Yeah. Is it to do with agriculture? 397 00:16:53,089 --> 00:16:54,289 Oh, in what way? 398 00:16:54,289 --> 00:16:56,129 Just they're good at it. 399 00:16:56,129 --> 00:16:57,249 Or vampires. 400 00:16:58,289 --> 00:17:00,249 Is it something like the feudal system? 401 00:17:00,249 --> 00:17:04,089 Is it something about kind of how people divided work? 402 00:17:04,089 --> 00:17:06,289 What's he going to get out of his trousers, there? 403 00:17:06,289 --> 00:17:07,729 What's he reaching for? 404 00:17:07,729 --> 00:17:09,969 You know what he's going to get out of his trousers. 405 00:17:09,969 --> 00:17:11,930 "You're not going to do that here." 406 00:17:11,930 --> 00:17:14,410 I'm specifically talking about Transylvania. 407 00:17:14,410 --> 00:17:15,970 BOTH: Oh, vampires. 408 00:17:15,970 --> 00:17:18,290 CLAXON BLARES 409 00:17:18,290 --> 00:17:21,810 We all lost points. I said vampires about two minutes ago. 410 00:17:21,810 --> 00:17:23,770 Did you? Keep up! 411 00:17:25,530 --> 00:17:27,610 CLAXON BLARES 412 00:17:27,610 --> 00:17:29,490 LAUGHTER 413 00:17:34,571 --> 00:17:36,811 I never before realised that that was sentient. 414 00:17:36,811 --> 00:17:38,571 Oh, yeah... It's an actual person. 415 00:17:38,571 --> 00:17:40,091 It's the nature of AI. 416 00:17:40,091 --> 00:17:43,291 Over years, through the constant back and forth. 417 00:17:43,291 --> 00:17:46,891 The trouble is this brain is developed mainly off of me. 418 00:17:46,891 --> 00:17:49,531 LAUGHTER 419 00:17:49,531 --> 00:17:51,011 So, not vampires. 420 00:17:51,011 --> 00:17:53,251 Myths about undead beings who come out at night 421 00:17:53,251 --> 00:17:55,091 and gorge on the blood of the living. 422 00:17:55,091 --> 00:17:58,492 I mean, that's been around in almost every single culture for millennia. 423 00:17:58,492 --> 00:17:59,852 So, it isn't that, 424 00:17:59,852 --> 00:18:03,572 but I can tell you it begins with the Edict of Turda. 425 00:18:03,572 --> 00:18:07,052 I'm further away from the answer now. 426 00:18:07,052 --> 00:18:09,892 And it comes... I can tell you there is a town called Turda, which is... 427 00:18:09,892 --> 00:18:11,452 LOW LAUGHTER 428 00:18:11,452 --> 00:18:12,692 Did somebody snigger? 429 00:18:12,692 --> 00:18:14,132 It's called Turda. 430 00:18:15,772 --> 00:18:17,372 Yeah, it's twinned with Poo-a. 431 00:18:19,533 --> 00:18:21,853 It is one of the THE most beautiful places in the world. 432 00:18:21,853 --> 00:18:24,453 It's a tiny Romanian town in Transylvania. It is stunning. 433 00:18:24,453 --> 00:18:25,693 Is it Turda or is it 434 00:18:25,693 --> 00:18:26,933 Ta-da! 435 00:18:26,933 --> 00:18:29,053 LAUGHTER AND APPLAUSE 436 00:18:33,133 --> 00:18:36,213 Well, in a way, in a away it was kind of Ta-da 437 00:18:36,213 --> 00:18:38,333 because nobody had ever thought of this before. 438 00:18:38,333 --> 00:18:40,774 They invented religious tolerence. 439 00:18:40,774 --> 00:18:42,614 It had never really existed before. 440 00:18:42,614 --> 00:18:44,214 So, in most of Medieval Europe, 441 00:18:44,214 --> 00:18:46,614 you absolutely had to agree with the Church. 442 00:18:46,614 --> 00:18:49,454 And then, in 1556, there was a student, a Polish student, 443 00:18:49,454 --> 00:18:52,734 who said, I don't understand why we all have to believe in the Trinity. 444 00:18:52,734 --> 00:18:55,014 I would prefer to believe just in God. 445 00:18:55,014 --> 00:18:58,534 And this started a new religion called Unitarianism. 446 00:18:58,534 --> 00:19:03,935 And the world's only Unitarian king, King Janos Zsigmond, 447 00:19:03,935 --> 00:19:07,575 he set forth this Edict of Turda and it stated that, 448 00:19:07,575 --> 00:19:11,335 "A preacher may preach the Gospel by his own personal conception 449 00:19:11,335 --> 00:19:14,455 "at any place if that community is willing to accept him, 450 00:19:14,455 --> 00:19:16,935 "or if it isn't, no-one should force him 451 00:19:16,935 --> 00:19:19,575 "just because their soul is not satisfied with him." 452 00:19:19,575 --> 00:19:22,415 And it's amazing that that was a revolutionary thing. 453 00:19:22,415 --> 00:19:25,016 So, that was 1568 that you can believe what you like. 454 00:19:25,016 --> 00:19:27,776 It was absolutely revolutionary. 455 00:19:27,776 --> 00:19:30,496 Here's my other favourite thing that Romania gave the world. 456 00:19:30,496 --> 00:19:32,976 December, 2014, the world's longest sausage. 457 00:19:32,976 --> 00:19:37,816 Oh! It measured 38.99 miles. 458 00:19:37,816 --> 00:19:39,056 JOSH: What? I know. 459 00:19:39,056 --> 00:19:41,016 Yeah, it holds the Guinness world record. 460 00:19:41,016 --> 00:19:43,976 And it was... I don't know why we went back to him with his... 461 00:19:47,817 --> 00:19:51,057 "Would you like to see the beginning of the world's longest sausage?" 462 00:19:51,057 --> 00:19:52,977 LAUGHTER 463 00:19:52,977 --> 00:19:56,337 Did you say 38.99...? 38.999 miles... 464 00:19:56,337 --> 00:19:58,617 So close to 39 miles. I know. 465 00:19:58,617 --> 00:20:00,817 62.75 km. 466 00:20:00,817 --> 00:20:02,817 I just think when something's that big, 467 00:20:02,817 --> 00:20:04,697 it's just not a sausage, is it, really? 468 00:20:04,697 --> 00:20:07,177 No, it's just a meaty line, isn't it? 469 00:20:07,177 --> 00:20:08,498 Also, what's the point? 470 00:20:09,818 --> 00:20:11,338 No offence if it's any of you, 471 00:20:11,338 --> 00:20:13,658 but why do people want to break stupid records? 472 00:20:13,658 --> 00:20:15,018 Like, why? 473 00:20:15,018 --> 00:20:17,018 JOSH: "No offence if it's any of you". 474 00:20:17,018 --> 00:20:21,738 Hang on. Is there anybody in the audience who holds a record at all? 475 00:20:21,738 --> 00:20:23,058 Anything at all. Yeah. Yes? 476 00:20:23,058 --> 00:20:25,778 Where are you? SARA: More than one. 477 00:20:25,778 --> 00:20:27,458 I knew there were dweebs. 478 00:20:27,458 --> 00:20:28,818 Where are you? Stand up. 479 00:20:28,818 --> 00:20:30,779 Who said yes? Yes, what's your name? 480 00:20:30,779 --> 00:20:33,179 My name's Dave. Hello, Dave, what you hold the record for? 481 00:20:33,179 --> 00:20:38,419 I was part of a team who broke the longest line of baked pizzas. 482 00:20:38,419 --> 00:20:40,219 LAUGHTER 483 00:20:40,219 --> 00:20:42,619 I'm not clapping it, I'm not clapping it. 484 00:20:42,619 --> 00:20:44,659 I'm not clapping it, Dave. 485 00:20:45,939 --> 00:20:47,499 Can I ask Dave a question? 486 00:20:47,499 --> 00:20:50,339 Yes, ask Dave a question? Did all the pizzas get eaten? 487 00:20:50,339 --> 00:20:52,179 They got given to homeless people. 488 00:20:52,179 --> 00:20:53,620 OK, now I'm clapping. 489 00:20:53,620 --> 00:20:55,740 APPLAUSE 490 00:20:57,820 --> 00:20:59,500 You were a second away from saying 491 00:20:59,500 --> 00:21:01,420 it's just the long line of cheesy dough. 492 00:21:01,420 --> 00:21:02,980 Yes. 493 00:21:02,980 --> 00:21:06,380 But the long sausage was also given out and local charities benefited. 494 00:21:06,380 --> 00:21:07,820 OK. 495 00:21:07,820 --> 00:21:09,980 The Romanians gave us religious tolerance 496 00:21:09,980 --> 00:21:12,020 and the world's biggest sausage. 497 00:21:12,020 --> 00:21:15,941 Who would be the worst person to borrow a glove from? 498 00:21:15,941 --> 00:21:17,501 OJ Simpson? 499 00:21:18,581 --> 00:21:20,901 LAUGHTER AND APPLAUSE 500 00:21:24,221 --> 00:21:26,101 SARA: True, it's true. 501 00:21:27,741 --> 00:21:31,421 The guy that gave me a strip search at Heathrow Airport. 502 00:21:31,421 --> 00:21:33,621 I wouldn't want to borrow a glove from him. 503 00:21:33,621 --> 00:21:35,021 LAUGHTER 504 00:21:35,021 --> 00:21:37,582 Did they do the whole...? Yeah. The whole...? 505 00:21:37,582 --> 00:21:39,982 I don't know why I'm doing that, that's... Really? 506 00:21:39,982 --> 00:21:42,422 I imagine there's not that much movement in it, actually. 507 00:21:42,422 --> 00:21:45,022 Yeah, you're not changing a light bulb up there, Sandi. Yeah. 508 00:21:45,022 --> 00:21:48,262 I was coming from a particular part of the world 509 00:21:48,262 --> 00:21:50,662 which is known as a source of narcotics, 510 00:21:50,662 --> 00:21:52,502 and I look suspicious. 511 00:21:52,502 --> 00:21:54,142 LAUGHTER 512 00:21:54,142 --> 00:21:55,542 Was it Kensington? 513 00:21:55,542 --> 00:21:57,502 LAUGHTER 514 00:21:58,822 --> 00:22:02,103 And they gave me a strip search. That's horrible. Sounds awful. Yeah. 515 00:22:02,103 --> 00:22:04,623 What did they find? SARA: It's my worst nightmare. 516 00:22:04,623 --> 00:22:07,023 Two kilos of cocaine, but that's not the point! 517 00:22:07,023 --> 00:22:09,183 They found the world's longest sausage. 518 00:22:09,183 --> 00:22:10,983 LAUGHTER 519 00:22:18,023 --> 00:22:21,784 They found nothing, I am innocent, I'm a good boy. Quite right. 520 00:22:21,784 --> 00:22:24,304 I haven't broken the law for...months. A while! 521 00:22:25,424 --> 00:22:26,864 So I'm going to give you a clue, 522 00:22:26,864 --> 00:22:28,504 the worst person to borrow a glove from, 523 00:22:28,504 --> 00:22:31,104 he was Russian, he was romantic. 524 00:22:31,104 --> 00:22:33,344 Oh. His name begins with Ra, Ra... 525 00:22:33,344 --> 00:22:35,784 Rasputin. Rasputin. Rasputin. KLAXON 526 00:22:35,784 --> 00:22:37,264 They've done it to us again. 527 00:22:37,264 --> 00:22:40,464 JOSH: That was a trick of the highest order, Sandi. 528 00:22:42,424 --> 00:22:44,745 That's so much fun! 529 00:22:44,745 --> 00:22:45,985 Rachmaninoff. 530 00:22:45,985 --> 00:22:47,345 Oh. Oh. Oh. 531 00:22:47,345 --> 00:22:48,985 Sergei Rachmaninoff. 532 00:22:48,985 --> 00:22:51,265 He had huge hands. 533 00:22:51,265 --> 00:22:53,345 You should have keyboards. Yeah. Yeah. Yeah. 534 00:22:53,345 --> 00:22:55,065 So if you have a look at the keyboards, 535 00:22:55,065 --> 00:22:57,505 he could span 12 keys. 536 00:22:57,505 --> 00:23:01,385 So that is Rachmaninoff's hand that you have there. 537 00:23:01,385 --> 00:23:03,305 So put it up against your hand. 538 00:23:03,305 --> 00:23:05,185 He could span 12 notes. 539 00:23:05,185 --> 00:23:07,546 How many can you span with a single hand? 540 00:23:07,546 --> 00:23:09,106 Oh, I've got really small hands. 541 00:23:09,106 --> 00:23:10,706 JOSH: I'm on ten. You can do ten. 542 00:23:10,706 --> 00:23:12,546 Nine, just about. Just about nine. Yeah. 543 00:23:12,546 --> 00:23:14,186 And Sara, what about you? 544 00:23:14,186 --> 00:23:15,786 Using all five fingers. 545 00:23:15,786 --> 00:23:18,066 15! Yeah! 546 00:23:18,066 --> 00:23:21,746 So there is an argument that some of the virtuoso pieces on piano 547 00:23:21,746 --> 00:23:24,186 are inherently sexist, because women simply can't manage. 548 00:23:24,186 --> 00:23:25,666 This is impossible! 549 00:23:25,666 --> 00:23:27,586 The thing about him that makes me so angry 550 00:23:27,586 --> 00:23:30,227 and about the world, in a way, is that his very first symphony, 551 00:23:30,227 --> 00:23:33,067 he was so severely criticised by a man called Caesar Cui 552 00:23:33,067 --> 00:23:36,947 that he didn't actually compose again for four years, 553 00:23:36,947 --> 00:23:38,587 it put him in such a depression. 554 00:23:38,587 --> 00:23:41,227 Yeah, it's like my first Edinburgh. 555 00:23:41,227 --> 00:23:42,547 Been there. 556 00:23:42,547 --> 00:23:44,307 JOSH: You should never Google your own name. 557 00:23:44,307 --> 00:23:46,507 But, actually, that's an important life lesson, 558 00:23:46,507 --> 00:23:49,107 is that the biggest hurdle is that some people won't like what you do 559 00:23:49,107 --> 00:23:50,748 and it mustn't stop you from doing it. 560 00:23:50,748 --> 00:23:53,188 No, I think you're right, he's a really good example of that. 561 00:23:53,188 --> 00:23:55,468 So there is an issue for women playing piano pieces, 562 00:23:55,468 --> 00:23:57,868 because if you want to play large chords and so on, 563 00:23:57,868 --> 00:24:00,708 you really need a span of at least eight and a half inches, 564 00:24:00,708 --> 00:24:02,988 and that eliminates 24% of men. 565 00:24:02,988 --> 00:24:05,988 SARA: Does it really? 87% of women. 566 00:24:05,988 --> 00:24:08,708 But there's very few women in virtuoso piano playing. 567 00:24:08,708 --> 00:24:11,468 I didn't know that. And it's partly to do with the span of the hands. 568 00:24:11,468 --> 00:24:13,389 The world record for biggest hands, 569 00:24:13,389 --> 00:24:18,269 held by an American, Robert Pershing Wadlow, this is... 570 00:24:18,269 --> 00:24:20,389 I know, this is, look at the hands! Wow! 571 00:24:20,389 --> 00:24:21,829 LAUGHTER 572 00:24:21,829 --> 00:24:23,349 It is faintly astonishing, isn't it? 573 00:24:23,349 --> 00:24:25,669 His hands measured 12.75 inches, 574 00:24:25,669 --> 00:24:29,749 so 32.3 centimetres from the wrist to the top of the middle finger. 575 00:24:29,749 --> 00:24:31,789 He's also the tallest man on record. 576 00:24:31,789 --> 00:24:34,389 OK, that's good, yeah. I was just going to say, is it to scale? 577 00:24:34,389 --> 00:24:36,550 Is it...? Yeah. He was eight foot, 11.1 inches. 578 00:24:36,550 --> 00:24:38,270 I mean he was astonishing. Oh, yeah. Whoa! 579 00:24:38,270 --> 00:24:39,830 You sometimes see a model of him 580 00:24:39,830 --> 00:24:42,390 outside the Ripley Believe It Or Not museums. Yeah, yeah. 581 00:24:42,390 --> 00:24:44,590 Poor man. And really sadly, he died quite young. Yeah. 582 00:24:44,590 --> 00:24:48,670 He was still growing by the time he died, and his ankle brace chafed him 583 00:24:48,670 --> 00:24:50,870 and he got an infection and he died because... Oh. Oh. 584 00:24:50,870 --> 00:24:52,550 I know, it is really sad. Yeah. 585 00:24:52,550 --> 00:24:55,750 There is one woman who is said to have had absolutely huge hands 586 00:24:55,750 --> 00:24:59,271 and it's George Eliot, the author, AKA Mary Ann Evans, 587 00:24:59,271 --> 00:25:02,271 and when she died - so we're talking about 1880 - 588 00:25:02,271 --> 00:25:05,271 the family were dismayed that a neighbour told an anecdote 589 00:25:05,271 --> 00:25:08,151 about her having a giant right hand the neighbours said 590 00:25:08,151 --> 00:25:09,951 she used to show it with some pride 591 00:25:09,951 --> 00:25:13,431 and it was because she worked in the family dairy as a teenager 592 00:25:13,431 --> 00:25:15,591 and she had to turn the churn to make the butter 593 00:25:15,591 --> 00:25:17,631 and so that made her hand enormous. 594 00:25:17,631 --> 00:25:20,752 But they were so embarrassed that any potential biographers had to 595 00:25:20,752 --> 00:25:24,192 absolutely guarantee that they would include a rebuttal of the story 596 00:25:24,192 --> 00:25:25,832 that she had had large hands 597 00:25:25,832 --> 00:25:27,992 because it is not something that women want to be... 598 00:25:27,992 --> 00:25:29,432 But people are awful about her. 599 00:25:29,432 --> 00:25:31,312 All of the descriptions of her at the time 600 00:25:31,312 --> 00:25:33,072 were that she was very unattractive, 601 00:25:33,072 --> 00:25:35,392 like that undermined her other work, wasn't it? 602 00:25:35,392 --> 00:25:39,432 Yeah. You can visit George Eliot's childhood home, maybe, I don't know, 603 00:25:39,432 --> 00:25:40,872 a tiny disappointment, 604 00:25:40,872 --> 00:25:44,513 it is now the Nuneaton Premier Inn and Beefeater restaurant. 605 00:25:44,513 --> 00:25:46,353 LAUGHTER 606 00:25:46,353 --> 00:25:51,033 Massive door handles. Isn't that far from Birmingham... Yes. ..Museum. 607 00:25:51,033 --> 00:25:53,273 Why don't we all do? Yeah, let's all go. 608 00:25:53,273 --> 00:25:56,673 Do you think they have a salad bar with bacon bits? I like that. 609 00:25:56,673 --> 00:25:58,513 You're asking the wrong team. 610 00:25:58,513 --> 00:26:00,313 LAUGHTER 611 00:26:00,313 --> 00:26:02,473 Ah, yes, the vegans. Do you think they've got a... 612 00:26:02,473 --> 00:26:03,794 LAUGHTER 613 00:26:03,794 --> 00:26:05,594 I'm vegetarian. Am I the only sensible... 614 00:26:05,594 --> 00:26:07,434 You're the only pig-eater on the table, yeah. 615 00:26:07,434 --> 00:26:08,874 LAUGHTER 616 00:26:08,874 --> 00:26:11,314 You're the only one with blood on your hands here. 617 00:26:11,314 --> 00:26:13,954 Your tiny hands. I know. 618 00:26:13,954 --> 00:26:16,154 Am I the meat in the sandwich? You are... 619 00:26:16,154 --> 00:26:19,194 LAUGHTER 620 00:26:19,194 --> 00:26:23,874 You know what they say about people with big hands - big spans. 621 00:26:23,874 --> 00:26:26,515 Right, let's put the hands away. 622 00:26:26,515 --> 00:26:29,675 How would you rate your chances in a Chihuahua race? 623 00:26:29,675 --> 00:26:32,035 Oh, I'd beat the shit out of them. 624 00:26:32,035 --> 00:26:33,995 LAUGHTER 625 00:26:33,995 --> 00:26:36,915 They can't be that fast. They're small and nip... 626 00:26:36,915 --> 00:26:38,715 I mean, it depends how long the distance is, 627 00:26:38,715 --> 00:26:40,155 cos I feel like they are fast. 628 00:26:40,155 --> 00:26:42,795 Problems if, like, long-distance if there's any, 629 00:26:42,795 --> 00:26:44,795 like, Kenyan Chihuahuas. 630 00:26:44,795 --> 00:26:47,635 LAUGHTER 631 00:26:47,635 --> 00:26:50,516 Well, it is long distance that we are, in fact, talking about 632 00:26:50,516 --> 00:26:52,716 and we are talking about the place Chihuahua. 633 00:26:52,716 --> 00:26:57,436 So there is a tribe, the Raramuri tribe, in Chihuahua, Mexico. 634 00:26:57,436 --> 00:27:00,036 They are brilliant, brilliant long distance runners 635 00:27:00,036 --> 00:27:04,156 and in 2017 a woman called Maria Lorena Ramirez, 636 00:27:04,156 --> 00:27:09,196 she beat 500 other female runners to win a 50K ultra marathon 637 00:27:09,196 --> 00:27:13,117 dressed like this. She was wearing a long skirt, she was wearing sandals, 638 00:27:13,117 --> 00:27:16,477 she had no running gear. You can see she's holding a sort of baseball cap 639 00:27:16,477 --> 00:27:18,157 and a bottle of water - that was it. 640 00:27:18,157 --> 00:27:21,717 And she beat all 500 other runners in this race. 641 00:27:21,717 --> 00:27:25,117 What were they wearing? Diving bells. No. 642 00:27:25,117 --> 00:27:26,717 LAUGHTER 643 00:27:26,717 --> 00:27:30,157 In 2016 she came second in a 100K race. 644 00:27:30,157 --> 00:27:32,918 In similar sort of racing... Why is she not in the Olympic Games? 645 00:27:32,918 --> 00:27:36,958 Well, this particular tribe are built to do endurance and not speed 646 00:27:36,958 --> 00:27:39,678 and so marathons are actually too short for them... 647 00:27:39,678 --> 00:27:41,198 They're just warming up. 648 00:27:41,198 --> 00:27:43,518 They're really just getting themselves going. Wow. 649 00:27:43,518 --> 00:27:46,198 So the sandals, they're a traditional Mexican sandal, 650 00:27:46,198 --> 00:27:48,638 they're called huaraches, and they're surprisingly good 651 00:27:48,638 --> 00:27:50,718 running shoes because they allow the foot to splay 652 00:27:50,718 --> 00:27:52,278 and move rather naturally. 653 00:27:52,278 --> 00:27:54,839 They are infinitely adjustable cos they have this 654 00:27:54,839 --> 00:27:57,559 sort of multi-strap system and they are extremely durable. 655 00:27:57,559 --> 00:27:59,239 No room for a swoosh on there, though. 656 00:27:59,239 --> 00:28:01,039 No, you'll not get a swoosh on there. 657 00:28:01,039 --> 00:28:03,439 But there's about 50,000 to 70,000 people in this tribe, 658 00:28:03,439 --> 00:28:05,519 and they live in dispersed communities, 659 00:28:05,519 --> 00:28:08,519 so they do have to communicate by running very long distances. 660 00:28:08,519 --> 00:28:11,559 They can run 270km nonstop. 661 00:28:11,559 --> 00:28:15,239 They can comfortably cover 700km in a few days... Wow. 662 00:28:15,239 --> 00:28:19,240 ..and their secret weapon is that before they start running, 663 00:28:19,240 --> 00:28:20,680 they drink beer. 664 00:28:21,720 --> 00:28:24,560 Wow. Is that where I've been going wrong? Yes! 665 00:28:24,560 --> 00:28:26,240 Corn beer, tesguino. 666 00:28:26,240 --> 00:28:29,240 It is sacred amongst the Raramuri, and they use these running skills 667 00:28:29,240 --> 00:28:33,080 not just to go and connect with people, but to hunt wild turkey. 668 00:28:33,080 --> 00:28:36,360 So, you want to get a wild turkey, you chase the birds for hours, 669 00:28:36,360 --> 00:28:38,080 the birds can't fly for very long, 670 00:28:38,080 --> 00:28:40,201 so, they repeatedly have to take off and land, 671 00:28:40,201 --> 00:28:42,001 it's very energy consuming, 672 00:28:42,001 --> 00:28:43,921 and eventually the turkey goes, "OK, you got me." 673 00:28:43,921 --> 00:28:45,881 Again, I'd say, wrong crowd. Yeah. 674 00:28:45,881 --> 00:28:47,921 LAUGHTER 675 00:28:47,921 --> 00:28:50,761 "It's so great how they murder this bird!" 676 00:28:50,761 --> 00:28:52,961 LAUGHTER 677 00:28:52,961 --> 00:28:55,881 But beer is a huge thing, and they use it as a cure. 678 00:28:55,881 --> 00:28:58,281 Apparently it only works if the doctor drinks some, as well. 679 00:28:58,281 --> 00:28:59,521 That's nice. 680 00:28:59,521 --> 00:29:01,722 The thing I like about their attitude to drinking beer 681 00:29:01,722 --> 00:29:05,042 is that what they believe is that there are two souls in the body, 682 00:29:05,042 --> 00:29:07,842 there's a large soul and a little soul, and the beer 683 00:29:07,842 --> 00:29:10,482 gets rid of the large soul and just leaves the little soul, 684 00:29:10,482 --> 00:29:13,522 and that's why we are more like children when we've had a drink. Oh! 685 00:29:13,522 --> 00:29:15,842 I think that's quite nice, don't you? That's wonderful. 686 00:29:15,842 --> 00:29:18,002 I-I've never drank... I drank once. 687 00:29:18,002 --> 00:29:19,882 One night, I was at a party, 688 00:29:19,882 --> 00:29:23,883 and I thought, "I'm going to try a drink," and I got DRUNK - 689 00:29:23,883 --> 00:29:26,723 and I remember walking into this room and seeing a settee, 690 00:29:26,723 --> 00:29:30,643 and I just kind of fell on it, and I thought I fell asleep. 691 00:29:30,643 --> 00:29:34,043 Apparently, I woke up and then I did all kinds of things, 692 00:29:34,043 --> 00:29:36,083 I was like the life and soul of the party, 693 00:29:36,083 --> 00:29:39,363 and then I fell back on the settee and fell asleep, 694 00:29:39,363 --> 00:29:42,203 and I woke up the next morning, and I'll never forget it, 695 00:29:42,203 --> 00:29:44,563 there was this woman - and you know when you're young, 696 00:29:44,563 --> 00:29:46,044 everybody looks really older? 697 00:29:46,044 --> 00:29:48,564 She was probably 40 or whatever, but... That is old. 698 00:29:48,564 --> 00:29:50,124 She looked like she... 699 00:29:50,124 --> 00:29:52,404 She looked like she'd been in the ring with Muhammad Ali. 700 00:29:52,404 --> 00:29:54,284 She had no teeth, she looked really rough, 701 00:29:54,284 --> 00:29:56,364 and I'll never forget her looking at me and going, 702 00:29:56,364 --> 00:29:58,004 "You were great last night." 703 00:29:58,004 --> 00:29:59,564 LAUGHTER 704 00:30:01,244 --> 00:30:03,484 Wow, and... And she's here tonight. 705 00:30:03,484 --> 00:30:04,764 LAUGHTER 706 00:30:05,924 --> 00:30:07,965 She's 110! 707 00:30:07,965 --> 00:30:11,725 Is that the only time you've had a drink? That's the only time. 708 00:30:11,725 --> 00:30:15,125 If I drink that much, I'm drunk. I just cannot drink. 709 00:30:15,125 --> 00:30:17,725 Oh, wow, I wish I had that ability. No. 710 00:30:18,725 --> 00:30:20,365 I have to drink...you know... 711 00:30:20,365 --> 00:30:21,565 SARA: Two. 712 00:30:21,565 --> 00:30:23,005 LAUGHTER 713 00:30:24,445 --> 00:30:27,285 Right, moving on. What could this man do in 28 seconds? 714 00:30:27,285 --> 00:30:28,805 MAN LAUGHS 715 00:30:28,805 --> 00:30:31,406 Where's the silly laughter coming from? 28 seconds... 716 00:30:31,406 --> 00:30:33,846 Who was sniggering at the back of the class? 717 00:30:33,846 --> 00:30:36,926 He's Scottish, his name is Robert Liston. 718 00:30:36,926 --> 00:30:38,446 19th century. 719 00:30:38,446 --> 00:30:40,486 19th century... He was a surgeon. 720 00:30:40,486 --> 00:30:42,566 He could amputate a leg in 28 seconds. 721 00:30:42,566 --> 00:30:44,326 Whoa! That's too quick. Yeah. 722 00:30:45,966 --> 00:30:47,766 Yeah, I reckon I could do it quicker, actually. 723 00:30:47,766 --> 00:30:49,206 Look, what's that, half a second? 724 00:30:49,206 --> 00:30:51,006 No, but you have to tie all the veins together. 725 00:30:51,006 --> 00:30:53,727 Oh, you've got to finish the job. Yeah. You've got to finish it off. 726 00:30:53,727 --> 00:30:57,527 His catchphrase was "Time me, gentlemen." So... I know. 727 00:30:57,527 --> 00:30:58,887 LAUGHTER 728 00:31:00,207 --> 00:31:04,047 In those days, theatres were called that for a reason, 729 00:31:04,047 --> 00:31:06,687 because people sold tickets and there were spectators. Yeah. 730 00:31:06,687 --> 00:31:08,767 So what happened on this one particular occasion, 731 00:31:08,767 --> 00:31:11,727 it did not go all that well, one time he accidentally chopped off 732 00:31:11,727 --> 00:31:14,608 a patient's testicles along with his leg. Oh, no! 733 00:31:14,608 --> 00:31:16,288 Too high up the leg! I know, right? 734 00:31:16,288 --> 00:31:17,528 He's gone too high. 735 00:31:17,528 --> 00:31:19,608 So, you can see his assistant is holding tickets, 736 00:31:19,608 --> 00:31:21,488 and there's lots of spectators around. 737 00:31:21,488 --> 00:31:23,208 Holding two spherical objects. 738 00:31:23,208 --> 00:31:25,768 "You might want to put these back on." 739 00:31:25,768 --> 00:31:28,008 On one occasion, he was doing the amputation... 740 00:31:28,008 --> 00:31:31,528 So, you have to imagine, he has to be fast, cos there's no anaesthetic. 741 00:31:31,528 --> 00:31:32,968 He brought the knife down, 742 00:31:32,968 --> 00:31:36,328 he managed to severe three of his assistant's fingers... Ooh! 743 00:31:36,328 --> 00:31:40,249 ..and as he brought it back up, he slashed the cloak of a spectator. 744 00:31:40,249 --> 00:31:43,809 The patient and the assistant both died later of gangrene, 745 00:31:43,809 --> 00:31:45,649 their wounds became infected, 746 00:31:45,649 --> 00:31:48,169 and the story is that the spectator died of fright, 747 00:31:48,169 --> 00:31:50,249 because he thought he had been stabbed. 748 00:31:50,249 --> 00:31:54,969 It is the only operation on record with a 300% mortality rate. 749 00:31:54,969 --> 00:31:56,849 LAUGHTER 750 00:31:56,849 --> 00:31:58,489 So... Did he lose his licence? 751 00:31:58,489 --> 00:32:00,410 No, darling, people queued up to see him. 752 00:32:00,410 --> 00:32:01,930 They absolutely did. 753 00:32:01,930 --> 00:32:04,410 Because his mortality rate was one in seven, and... 754 00:32:04,410 --> 00:32:06,650 One in seven?! Well, the average was one in four. 755 00:32:06,650 --> 00:32:08,250 So, you know, people thought... 756 00:32:08,250 --> 00:32:11,890 Before anaesthetic, doctors used to have a brandy before operations, 757 00:32:11,890 --> 00:32:14,290 because it was actually horrific. It was awful... Yeah. 758 00:32:14,290 --> 00:32:15,850 ..cutting into people who were awake, 759 00:32:15,850 --> 00:32:18,010 so, they would have a couple of brandies, and then... 760 00:32:18,010 --> 00:32:19,610 I don't think he thought it was awful. 761 00:32:19,610 --> 00:32:21,131 He wore blood-spattered clothes, 762 00:32:21,131 --> 00:32:23,091 and people didn't know about sterilisation. 763 00:32:23,091 --> 00:32:25,011 People thought it meant he was experienced. 764 00:32:25,011 --> 00:32:28,331 And there was sawdust on the floor to soak it up... Oh, that's good. 765 00:32:28,331 --> 00:32:31,411 ..sometimes a flautist would come in to play - I mean, it was not like... 766 00:32:31,411 --> 00:32:34,411 So, it was a proper good night out, then. Yeah, yeah, yeah. 767 00:32:34,411 --> 00:32:36,851 That's why operating rooms are still called theatres today. 768 00:32:36,851 --> 00:32:38,571 And they had the same architects. 769 00:32:38,571 --> 00:32:40,931 People like Inigo Jones built theatres for plays 770 00:32:40,931 --> 00:32:42,931 and theatres for people to watch operations, 771 00:32:42,931 --> 00:32:44,812 because they were entertainment. 772 00:32:44,812 --> 00:32:46,212 It's the same genre. 773 00:32:46,212 --> 00:32:47,852 When was that photograph taken? 774 00:32:47,852 --> 00:32:50,412 This is Charing Cross Hospital in 1901. 775 00:32:50,412 --> 00:32:53,092 1901? Wow. It looks like there's a Caribbean nurse there. 776 00:32:53,092 --> 00:32:54,932 Yeah. Oh, yes! I mean, back then... 777 00:32:54,932 --> 00:32:56,412 It's a nice addition to that picture, 778 00:32:56,412 --> 00:32:58,052 which I hadn't even thought about. Mm. 779 00:32:58,052 --> 00:33:00,332 But the idea that people don't make mistakes now, 780 00:33:00,332 --> 00:33:02,012 ha-ha, let me tell you, 781 00:33:02,012 --> 00:33:05,533 in 2019, a hospital in Leicester paid out £20,000 782 00:33:05,533 --> 00:33:08,893 to a man they had circumcised by mistake. 783 00:33:08,893 --> 00:33:11,613 He'd gone in for a procedure on his bladder. 784 00:33:11,613 --> 00:33:12,613 No! 785 00:33:12,613 --> 00:33:16,093 He said he got distracted chatting to the nurses. What? Yeah. 786 00:33:16,093 --> 00:33:18,533 So he didn't notice he was having the wrong operation 787 00:33:18,533 --> 00:33:19,693 until it was too late. 788 00:33:19,693 --> 00:33:22,173 Oh, no. He described it as "a real surprise.". 789 00:33:23,933 --> 00:33:26,413 20 grand, though. 790 00:33:26,413 --> 00:33:27,854 I'd take it. 791 00:33:29,534 --> 00:33:34,134 What was the biggest revelation in Bridget Hitler's diaries? 792 00:33:35,414 --> 00:33:36,854 Hold on, is there...? 793 00:33:36,854 --> 00:33:39,054 Is there really somebody called Bridget Hitler? Yes. 794 00:33:39,054 --> 00:33:41,334 You don't really hear much about any other Hitlers. No. 795 00:33:41,334 --> 00:33:42,814 Yeah, I always thought that... 796 00:33:42,814 --> 00:33:45,094 Just change your name to Carrott, it's much easier. 797 00:33:45,094 --> 00:33:46,334 Can I just point out 798 00:33:46,334 --> 00:33:49,975 that we're not suggesting that Renee Zellweger is a Nazi, can I just...? 799 00:33:50,975 --> 00:33:52,615 I think she's... You have to do that 800 00:33:52,615 --> 00:33:55,095 at the start of every show, don't you? Yes, I do. It's... 801 00:33:55,095 --> 00:33:57,895 Just, once again, Renee Zellweger is not a Nazi. 802 00:33:57,895 --> 00:34:00,135 At the time of recording. Yeah. 803 00:34:00,135 --> 00:34:01,695 LAUGHTER 804 00:34:03,175 --> 00:34:05,855 But there was really a Bridget Hitler. SARA: OK. 805 00:34:05,855 --> 00:34:08,495 She was married to Hitler's half-brother, Alois, in 1910, 806 00:34:08,495 --> 00:34:10,095 and they lived in Liverpool. 807 00:34:10,095 --> 00:34:12,136 And that is Bridget, right there, 808 00:34:12,136 --> 00:34:14,976 and she wrote about her life with Hitler's half-brother. 809 00:34:14,976 --> 00:34:18,656 She claimed in her diaries that Hitler came and stayed with them. 810 00:34:18,656 --> 00:34:21,456 But academics dispute this, I have to tell you. 811 00:34:21,456 --> 00:34:24,136 But the thing that she revealed, which I really love, 812 00:34:24,136 --> 00:34:26,576 is that if Hitler won the war, what he wanted to do 813 00:34:26,576 --> 00:34:31,616 was to take Rochdale Town Hall, brick by brick, back to Germany. 814 00:34:31,616 --> 00:34:32,856 That was... What?! Yes. 815 00:34:32,856 --> 00:34:34,897 And that's what it was all about? Yeah. 816 00:34:34,897 --> 00:34:36,297 LAUGHTER 817 00:34:37,537 --> 00:34:38,937 Why Rochdale? 818 00:34:38,937 --> 00:34:42,017 Well, it is very beautiful, isn't it? Yeah. It does look beautiful. 819 00:34:42,017 --> 00:34:44,537 And the Luftwaffe did use it as a landmark, 820 00:34:44,537 --> 00:34:47,617 so it was saved during the war. Oh, was it? 821 00:34:47,617 --> 00:34:51,737 Ironically, the Luftwaffe destroyed Bridget Hitler's house. 822 00:34:51,737 --> 00:34:53,817 Maybe Adolf Hitler didn't have a nice time 823 00:34:53,817 --> 00:34:55,657 when he stayed with her. Yeah. 824 00:34:55,657 --> 00:34:58,658 "Just go for Bridget's house, it's the third one from the end." 825 00:34:58,658 --> 00:35:01,898 It's just the most fantastic Victorian Gothic architecture. 826 00:35:01,898 --> 00:35:05,018 Beautiful. Yeah. It contains a toilet that has never been used, 827 00:35:05,018 --> 00:35:07,418 because it was built for Queen Victoria, 828 00:35:07,418 --> 00:35:09,818 and as she didn't use it, nobody else has either. 829 00:35:09,818 --> 00:35:11,858 They definitely have, Sandi. Yeah. 830 00:35:11,858 --> 00:35:14,098 Yes. Of course they have! 831 00:35:14,098 --> 00:35:16,298 Whoever's got the key... Yeah. Yeah. 832 00:35:16,298 --> 00:35:18,619 But the idea of moving, you could have done this, 833 00:35:18,619 --> 00:35:21,539 you could have taken Rochdale Town Hall down and moved it to Germany. 834 00:35:21,539 --> 00:35:23,059 And there are lots of historic examples 835 00:35:23,059 --> 00:35:24,619 of big buildings being moved. 836 00:35:24,619 --> 00:35:27,099 Anybody remember when London Bridge was moved? 837 00:35:27,099 --> 00:35:28,339 Anybody know where it went? 838 00:35:28,339 --> 00:35:30,739 United States. To Arizona. Yeah. 839 00:35:30,739 --> 00:35:33,059 1976, it was put up for auction and was won by a man 840 00:35:33,059 --> 00:35:35,819 called Robert McCulloch and he moved it to Arizona. 841 00:35:35,819 --> 00:35:39,459 It is now the second largest tourist attraction in Arizona, 842 00:35:39,459 --> 00:35:41,100 after the Grand Canyon. 843 00:35:41,100 --> 00:35:43,340 Anyway, he paid two and a half million dollars for it 844 00:35:43,340 --> 00:35:44,980 and it has certainly paid itself back, 845 00:35:44,980 --> 00:35:47,380 and he's sold lots of residential property on the back of it, 846 00:35:47,380 --> 00:35:48,500 and all that kind of thing. 847 00:35:48,500 --> 00:35:50,340 And the other one is Rosa Parks' house. 848 00:35:50,340 --> 00:35:52,700 So Rosa Parks, famously...? 849 00:35:52,700 --> 00:35:54,100 On the bus. On the bus. 850 00:35:54,100 --> 00:35:55,940 Refused to give up her seat on the bus. Yeah. 851 00:35:55,940 --> 00:35:58,180 That was in December the 1st, 1955. 852 00:35:58,180 --> 00:36:00,660 She later moved to Detroit to live with her brother, 853 00:36:00,660 --> 00:36:03,221 and that house, which was a tiny house... 854 00:36:03,221 --> 00:36:05,781 They lifted it on a huge bunch of balloons. 855 00:36:05,781 --> 00:36:07,301 LAUGHTER 856 00:36:08,301 --> 00:36:10,941 No, it's in Berlin. Oh. Oh. Berlin? 857 00:36:10,941 --> 00:36:12,901 I know! Isn't that the strangest thing? Yeah. 858 00:36:12,901 --> 00:36:14,821 It was an artist called Ryan Mendoza. 859 00:36:14,821 --> 00:36:17,381 They were going to demolish it and he couldn't bear it, 860 00:36:17,381 --> 00:36:19,701 so he bought it and he rebuilt it in Berlin, 861 00:36:19,701 --> 00:36:21,941 and he does sort of sound performances. 862 00:36:21,941 --> 00:36:23,981 You can't go in it, apparently, it's not safe. 863 00:36:23,981 --> 00:36:25,942 Is it a tourist attraction? 864 00:36:25,942 --> 00:36:28,542 Well, he does sort of, he's a performance artist, 865 00:36:28,542 --> 00:36:30,702 so he does performances in and around it. 866 00:36:30,702 --> 00:36:33,902 The strangest tourist attraction I've ever been to 867 00:36:33,902 --> 00:36:37,502 was Hotel Lorraine, or Lorraine Hotel. 868 00:36:37,502 --> 00:36:40,062 It's the hotel where Martin Luther King was shot. 869 00:36:40,062 --> 00:36:42,902 And I think they don't do this now, but when I was there, 870 00:36:42,902 --> 00:36:46,222 you could stand on the balcony where Martin Luther King was shot. 871 00:36:46,222 --> 00:36:48,743 And they literally had his footprints, 872 00:36:48,743 --> 00:36:50,823 so you could stand in them. Oh, wow! 873 00:36:50,823 --> 00:36:53,143 And a laser would shoot you... No! Wow! 874 00:36:53,143 --> 00:36:54,663 ..as if you were being shot, 875 00:36:54,663 --> 00:36:57,303 just like Martin Luther King was shot. Oh, my God, that's terrible! 876 00:36:57,303 --> 00:36:59,303 There's an amount of time, like in... 877 00:36:59,303 --> 00:37:01,663 ..for the anniversary of the Titanic, to go full circle, 878 00:37:01,663 --> 00:37:04,383 there was a theme park ride that opened in Japan 879 00:37:04,383 --> 00:37:06,223 of the Titanic sinking. 880 00:37:06,223 --> 00:37:08,703 And actually, there's an amount of time where it just, 881 00:37:08,703 --> 00:37:12,264 it becomes a historical fact and the kind of empathy disappears. Yeah. 882 00:37:12,264 --> 00:37:13,784 But I think it's really weird now, 883 00:37:13,784 --> 00:37:15,664 that, you know, you have tourist attractions 884 00:37:15,664 --> 00:37:17,584 and pubs and things called Jack The Ripper. 885 00:37:17,584 --> 00:37:20,064 Yeah. Yeah. I always find that really weird. Well, that... 886 00:37:20,064 --> 00:37:22,264 That, again, there's a whole cultural conversation now 887 00:37:22,264 --> 00:37:23,904 that's so much more about the women... 888 00:37:23,904 --> 00:37:25,304 Number one, poverty in London, 889 00:37:25,304 --> 00:37:27,384 the women who were in danger, sex work at the time, 890 00:37:27,384 --> 00:37:29,384 the history of London, and it isn't just about... 891 00:37:29,384 --> 00:37:30,784 ..yeah, a psychopathic killer. 892 00:37:30,784 --> 00:37:33,185 There's a new biography recently released, isn't there? 893 00:37:33,185 --> 00:37:35,665 It's about the five women. The Five, yeah. About the victims. 894 00:37:35,665 --> 00:37:37,105 No, it is very, very good. 895 00:37:37,105 --> 00:37:39,745 And now we've roamed way off course and right into the twilight zone 896 00:37:39,745 --> 00:37:41,945 of General Ignorance. Fingers on buzzers, please. 897 00:37:41,945 --> 00:37:45,225 Which is the British lake with the greatest deep-ness? 898 00:37:45,225 --> 00:37:46,665 I'm going to give you a hint, 899 00:37:46,665 --> 00:37:49,225 its depth is absolutely monstrous. 900 00:37:49,225 --> 00:37:50,505 Oh, come on! 901 00:37:50,505 --> 00:37:51,905 TRAIN WHISTLE 902 00:37:51,905 --> 00:37:53,345 Windermere. 903 00:37:53,345 --> 00:37:55,986 LAUGHTER AND APPLAUSE 904 00:37:55,986 --> 00:37:58,026 Good playing of the game! 905 00:38:02,986 --> 00:38:05,746 Extra point for playing the game well. 906 00:38:05,746 --> 00:38:09,026 So it is not, it's not...? 907 00:38:09,026 --> 00:38:10,386 Loch Ness. 908 00:38:10,386 --> 00:38:12,426 KLAXON Oh, no, it's not fair! 909 00:38:12,426 --> 00:38:13,986 That is not fair! 910 00:38:13,986 --> 00:38:17,787 I said it's not. It's not Loch Ness. I'm getting the hang of this! 911 00:38:17,787 --> 00:38:20,547 The deepest lake in the UK is Scotland's Lake Morar. 912 00:38:20,547 --> 00:38:23,147 It is 310 metres deep. Really? 913 00:38:23,147 --> 00:38:26,067 And Loch Ness is 247.5. 914 00:38:26,067 --> 00:38:29,147 There is, however, in Loch Morar, 915 00:38:29,147 --> 00:38:32,627 a cryptozoological monster that rivals the Loch Ness Monster. 916 00:38:32,627 --> 00:38:34,547 It's called Morag. Aww. 917 00:38:34,547 --> 00:38:35,987 Which is so cute. 918 00:38:35,987 --> 00:38:37,827 It was last spotted in 2013, 919 00:38:37,827 --> 00:38:40,588 and the new theory about Loch Ness, actually, 920 00:38:40,588 --> 00:38:43,508 cos there was a team of researchers from New Zealand in 2019 921 00:38:43,508 --> 00:38:45,348 and they analysed water samples, 922 00:38:45,348 --> 00:38:47,788 they think there may be several giant eels 923 00:38:47,788 --> 00:38:49,428 that are living in the lake. 924 00:38:49,428 --> 00:38:52,468 Loch Ness gets its name from an old Scottish legend 925 00:38:52,468 --> 00:38:54,508 that featured the Gaelic lines, 926 00:38:54,508 --> 00:38:56,948 "Tha loch 'nis ann, tha loch 'nis ann." 927 00:38:56,948 --> 00:38:59,548 Just means, "There's a loch now, there's a loch now." 928 00:38:59,548 --> 00:39:02,189 So, who knows? 929 00:39:02,189 --> 00:39:06,309 Loch Morar is deeper than Loch Ness and has its own monster to boot. 930 00:39:06,309 --> 00:39:08,709 Here's someone who's absolutely full of herself, 931 00:39:08,709 --> 00:39:11,349 but where was this doll invented? 932 00:39:11,349 --> 00:39:13,669 Oh... It's...Ukraine. 933 00:39:13,669 --> 00:39:15,909 Yes, Josh? Um... 934 00:39:15,909 --> 00:39:17,949 Minsk. 935 00:39:17,949 --> 00:39:22,109 Good answer! Yeah, very good. Good answer, yeah, really specific. 936 00:39:22,109 --> 00:39:24,150 It's specific and it's wrong. Oh, not Minsk. 937 00:39:24,150 --> 00:39:26,230 But we hadn't thought of it. 938 00:39:26,230 --> 00:39:28,510 LAUGHTER They're called matryoshki, 939 00:39:28,510 --> 00:39:30,950 but it started its life in China... Oh...! 940 00:39:30,950 --> 00:39:33,870 ..so more than a thousand years ago, and then to Japan - 941 00:39:33,870 --> 00:39:35,750 but then, in the 19th century, 942 00:39:35,750 --> 00:39:39,590 a Moscow workshop called Children's Upbringing took this idea, 943 00:39:39,590 --> 00:39:42,070 and they created their own versions of these nesting dolls. 944 00:39:42,070 --> 00:39:44,751 I've got one at home. Yeah? And it's got me, 945 00:39:44,751 --> 00:39:47,791 and then my wife and then my three children. 946 00:39:47,791 --> 00:39:50,791 And the likenesses of everybody are pretty good, 947 00:39:50,791 --> 00:39:52,551 apart from me, I look a bit ridiculous. 948 00:39:52,551 --> 00:39:54,631 We've done this one, which we think looks like you. 949 00:39:54,631 --> 00:39:55,831 LAUGHTER 950 00:39:55,831 --> 00:39:58,511 It's got the shirt on, got the shirt on. Yes, yeah. 951 00:39:58,511 --> 00:40:02,151 And then if we open it up, inside... 952 00:40:02,151 --> 00:40:03,751 Aw! 953 00:40:03,751 --> 00:40:06,831 Let me see if I can get them all out. 954 00:40:06,831 --> 00:40:10,072 So then we've got Benjamin, and then we've got you... 955 00:40:10,072 --> 00:40:12,912 Aw, we all live in Alan. We've got... Yeah. 956 00:40:12,912 --> 00:40:14,392 And where's Josh? 957 00:40:14,392 --> 00:40:15,552 Josh... Unbelievable. 958 00:40:15,552 --> 00:40:16,992 There you are. 959 00:40:16,992 --> 00:40:18,592 LAUGHTER 960 00:40:20,152 --> 00:40:23,232 And even smaller, even smaller than Josh... 961 00:40:23,232 --> 00:40:26,712 Is that you, Sandi? ..is me inside. 962 00:40:26,712 --> 00:40:28,552 And what's inside the...? Who's inside you? 963 00:40:28,552 --> 00:40:31,193 Oh, it's a blue whale. LAUGHTER AND APPLAUSE 964 00:40:36,673 --> 00:40:40,153 We should try and do that after the show. Yeah! 965 00:40:40,153 --> 00:40:43,553 Now, where is the biggest rainforest in the world? 966 00:40:43,553 --> 00:40:45,393 Ah, well... Is it Brazil? 967 00:40:45,393 --> 00:40:47,353 Oh, here we go. KLAXON 968 00:40:47,353 --> 00:40:51,073 Yeah, I know, I know. Someone had to do it. Someone had to. 969 00:40:51,073 --> 00:40:52,754 So there are two types of rainforest - 970 00:40:52,754 --> 00:40:55,754 there is tropical, and there is temperate. 971 00:40:55,754 --> 00:40:58,474 Temperate? Temperate? Temperate. Isn't that just a forest? 972 00:40:58,474 --> 00:40:59,874 LAUGHTER 973 00:40:59,874 --> 00:41:02,474 What is the thing that classifies a rainforest? 974 00:41:02,474 --> 00:41:05,114 The amount of rainfall? The rain, yeah, absolutely. 975 00:41:05,114 --> 00:41:06,954 So the largest one is in Alaska. 976 00:41:06,954 --> 00:41:11,234 It's the Tongass National Forest, it covers 17 million acres... 977 00:41:11,234 --> 00:41:13,635 Whoa! ..and is breathtaking. That's big. 978 00:41:13,635 --> 00:41:16,475 But you also find them in Australia, in Japan, in Iceland, 979 00:41:16,475 --> 00:41:17,755 and indeed in the UK - 980 00:41:17,755 --> 00:41:20,235 so, Snowdonia, Devon, Cumbria, Northern Ireland, 981 00:41:20,235 --> 00:41:22,995 the west coast of Scotland, they're all temperate rainforests. 982 00:41:22,995 --> 00:41:25,835 It's about 6% of the Earth's land surface area, 983 00:41:25,835 --> 00:41:27,475 but it's amazing, because it's home 984 00:41:27,475 --> 00:41:30,515 to 50% of the species of flora and fauna. 985 00:41:30,515 --> 00:41:34,195 The Amazon alone is home to 10% of all species, 986 00:41:34,195 --> 00:41:36,796 including this, which is one of my favourite things, 987 00:41:36,796 --> 00:41:40,196 the South American Goliath birdeater spider. 988 00:41:40,196 --> 00:41:42,476 It's the size of a puppy. 989 00:41:43,516 --> 00:41:44,956 Oh, no, thank you! 990 00:41:44,956 --> 00:41:46,156 Each... 991 00:41:46,156 --> 00:41:50,196 Each of its legs is one foot long. 992 00:41:50,196 --> 00:41:51,836 What?! Yeah, yeah. 993 00:41:51,836 --> 00:41:55,276 Oh, you've ruined my dreams for, like, a week. 994 00:41:55,276 --> 00:41:56,716 That... And you like that, Sandi? 995 00:41:56,716 --> 00:42:00,557 You wouldn't show us a rabbit on fire, and you're... 996 00:42:00,557 --> 00:42:02,397 ..and you're doing this to us! 997 00:42:02,397 --> 00:42:04,317 APPLAUSE 998 00:42:04,317 --> 00:42:08,477 I have got a friend who went to the world's largest rainforest, 999 00:42:08,477 --> 00:42:10,917 so if you want to know what it's like, "Alaska". 1000 00:42:10,917 --> 00:42:12,557 AUDIENCE GROANS 1001 00:42:12,557 --> 00:42:14,957 OK, we've run out of time. Lovely stuff. 1002 00:42:14,957 --> 00:42:16,637 As our voyage draws to a close, 1003 00:42:16,637 --> 00:42:19,477 let's take a look at the range of scores. 1004 00:42:19,477 --> 00:42:23,318 In last place tonight, rambling in the Rotherham rain, 1005 00:42:23,318 --> 00:42:25,198 with minus 23... 1006 00:42:25,198 --> 00:42:26,758 ..it's Sara! CHEERING AND APPLAUSE 1007 00:42:26,758 --> 00:42:27,958 Yay! 1008 00:42:30,838 --> 00:42:33,318 In fourth place, with minus 19, it's Alan. 1009 00:42:33,318 --> 00:42:35,638 Thank you so much. APPLAUSE 1010 00:42:37,118 --> 00:42:39,798 In third place, with minus seven, 1011 00:42:39,798 --> 00:42:43,039 it's the audience! CHEERING 1012 00:42:43,039 --> 00:42:45,279 The audience! 1013 00:42:45,279 --> 00:42:48,119 With minus six, beating the audience into second place, it's Josh! 1014 00:42:48,119 --> 00:42:51,279 Yeah! Losers, losers! CHEERING 1015 00:42:51,279 --> 00:42:53,159 Losers. 1016 00:42:53,159 --> 00:42:56,239 And our winner tonight, relaxing in a romantic resort 1017 00:42:56,239 --> 00:42:59,599 with three points, it's Benjamin! CHEERING 1018 00:43:06,360 --> 00:43:09,240 I'm so happy to be here, and I want to thank my mother... 1019 00:43:09,240 --> 00:43:11,760 LAUGHTER 1020 00:43:11,760 --> 00:43:13,080 Anyway, it's thanks... 1021 00:43:13,080 --> 00:43:15,920 ..it's thanks to Sara, Benjamin, Josh and Alan, 1022 00:43:15,920 --> 00:43:19,640 and I leave you with this holiday reminiscence from Henny Youngman. 1023 00:43:19,640 --> 00:43:21,840 "This hotel I once visited was incredible. 1024 00:43:21,840 --> 00:43:25,360 "The towels were so fluffy I could hardly close my suitcase." 1025 00:43:25,360 --> 00:43:28,001 That's all from QI this time. Goodnight. 1026 00:43:28,001 --> 00:43:30,481 CHEERING AND APPLAUSE