2 00:00:40,530 --> 00:00:47,929 Revolutionary episode of QI rising up in revolt this week. We have four recalcitrant renegades the radicals Susan Kalman 3 00:00:58,250 --> 00:01:05,890 Full-rousing Giles Brander and he's an absolute riot. It's Alan Davis 4 00:01:12,859 --> 00:01:14,859 Really revolutionary Susan goes 5 00:01:19,579 --> 00:01:21,579 Jessica goes 6 00:01:26,739 --> 00:01:38,239 Fine Giles a bit of a headbanger maybe I recognize this it's one of my favorites 7 00:01:39,239 --> 00:01:43,700 It's the sex pistols. Yes, and once in the 1980s I met 8 00:01:44,319 --> 00:01:52,400 True. I met Johnny rotten digit the Midland Hotel, Manchester. I went up to him and I said, oh, mr 9 00:01:52,400 --> 00:01:56,079 Rotten, I'm so delighted to meet you and he said to me fuck off 10 00:01:57,079 --> 00:02:09,199 Nothing I could say to you. You wouldn't have an anecdote 11 00:02:10,280 --> 00:02:27,439 Question one stop me when you know what these names are for. Okay 12 00:02:28,960 --> 00:02:30,960 Patriotic shortener 13 00:02:31,000 --> 00:02:33,000 Silence mill 14 00:02:35,319 --> 00:02:39,500 Silence mills the nickname I gave to my worst ever Edinburgh show 15 00:02:41,280 --> 00:02:45,979 It's like tumbleweed. Yeah, we punks will remember a band called silence mill 16 00:02:46,860 --> 00:02:51,520 Okay, Charlie seesaw. That could be a racehorse. I like the necktie of Capet 17 00:02:53,520 --> 00:02:58,580 Okay, so I'm gonna help you that we have translated all of these they were originally in French 18 00:02:58,939 --> 00:03:02,340 And there was a sound effect that went with each one of them 19 00:03:07,340 --> 00:03:11,979 I don't want to not get the point on a matter of admin 20 00:03:13,439 --> 00:03:19,750 So in French they were absolutely fantastic. The patriotic shortener was a raccoos more 21 00:03:20,270 --> 00:03:24,669 patriotic a silence mill muller a silence and the regretful climb 22 00:03:24,669 --> 00:03:28,189 Monda regret all nicknames for the guillotine used in the French Revolution 23 00:03:29,030 --> 00:03:31,030 Yes, you met the man 24 00:03:38,169 --> 00:03:39,409 Yes 25 00:03:39,409 --> 00:03:48,060 He told me to fuck off. You have a personal interest in the subject as it happened 26 00:03:48,060 --> 00:03:50,780 Oh, why is that not before I get to that? Yes 27 00:03:52,900 --> 00:03:55,939 Let me tell you what little I know about the guillotine 28 00:03:55,939 --> 00:04:00,699 The guillotine the guillotine. Yes, do we get bonus points for this information? Why just wasting time? 29 00:04:01,219 --> 00:04:05,909 my recollection is 30 00:04:06,310 --> 00:04:08,310 We're going back a bit. It's the French Revolution 31 00:04:08,310 --> 00:04:10,310 That 32 00:04:11,310 --> 00:04:14,270 When I was at university one of my subjects was the French Revolution 33 00:04:14,270 --> 00:04:22,790 Oh right as I remember the guillotine was named after a man called guillotine and he wanted a nicer way of 34 00:04:23,589 --> 00:04:27,949 Killing the enemies of the revolution, right? And so he was actually meaning it in a kind way 35 00:04:28,069 --> 00:04:30,829 Yeah, so I think that's who guillotine was 36 00:04:30,829 --> 00:04:34,149 Yeah, but I know it went on for years and years and years because in 37 00:04:34,629 --> 00:04:38,310 1977 I went to Paris for the last use of the guillotine 38 00:04:38,829 --> 00:04:44,829 And this is your personal interest. I was a campaigner against capital punishment 39 00:04:44,829 --> 00:04:49,870 I went with a group because we couldn't believe it to protest right. This was still going on 40 00:04:49,870 --> 00:04:52,350 I know what you have t-shirts and said quit while you're ahead 41 00:05:04,480 --> 00:05:07,160 University in the 1960s, so this is a long time ago 42 00:05:07,160 --> 00:05:12,079 But in 1968 obviously I was in Paris trying to ferment in my prepunk period 43 00:05:12,079 --> 00:05:16,439 Yes, the revolution in France at the time when I was at university, I was simply trying to get laid 44 00:05:22,639 --> 00:05:24,639 The ruse did not work 45 00:05:27,439 --> 00:05:31,240 I had one of those sweaters with leather patches on the elbow as a little pipe. I thought it looked good 46 00:05:32,639 --> 00:05:34,240 It was named after dr 47 00:05:34,240 --> 00:05:40,399 guillotine and in fact his family hated this association with the name and they constantly petitioned the French government saying please call it 48 00:05:40,639 --> 00:05:46,439 Please call it something else and in the end they changed their name because they got so fed up with it. Perhaps it was Gillette 49 00:05:50,000 --> 00:05:54,040 There is a rumor that he was killed by his own apparatus it is not true in fact 50 00:05:54,040 --> 00:05:57,439 He died from an infection on a carbuncle on his shoulders 51 00:05:58,319 --> 00:06:04,120 I know that what's a carbuncle. It's not pleasant. Don't know a nice carbuncle at the end of the night though that can 52 00:06:07,040 --> 00:06:09,040 Possibly the most tragic thing you've ever said 53 00:06:11,000 --> 00:06:13,000 We could have a carbuncle 54 00:06:16,000 --> 00:06:22,139 The person who did the very first guillotineing he was the Louis the 16th executioner 55 00:06:22,139 --> 00:06:26,980 He was a man by the name of Charles Henri Sanson. He was the fourth out of six generations of 56 00:06:27,579 --> 00:06:30,180 Executioner he executed nearly 3,000 people 57 00:06:30,220 --> 00:06:36,420 He was a celebrity because he was France's executioner and his uniform that he used to wear which are sort of striped trousers 58 00:06:36,420 --> 00:06:40,779 And fancy hat and an overcoat that became a very fashionable look for men 59 00:06:40,779 --> 00:06:44,579 What do you think women might have worn to celebrate corduroy? 60 00:06:47,180 --> 00:06:54,139 Women wore guillotine shaped earrings and what sort of unpleasant it that's the king and queen's head below 61 00:06:54,220 --> 00:06:56,220 Oh 62 00:07:06,220 --> 00:07:10,480 Anyway, he was supposed to pass on the job to his eldest son Gabriel Gabriel died 63 00:07:10,699 --> 00:07:15,899 Unfortunately while he was helping his father with an execution. He slipped on some blood and fell off the scaffold 64 00:07:15,899 --> 00:07:19,939 Oh, they didn't feature any of this in carry on up the French Revolution 65 00:07:24,699 --> 00:07:27,139 Yes from our I want to watch that again 66 00:07:27,139 --> 00:07:29,500 You never see them anymore used to be on all the time 67 00:07:29,500 --> 00:07:33,779 No, they're on ITV to if you if you watch television in the afternoon if you've got no job self-employed 68 00:07:33,779 --> 00:07:35,779 Sorry, if you're self-employed 69 00:07:36,060 --> 00:07:41,620 They do some wonderful programs do they I do the voiceover for one of the commercials 70 00:07:45,620 --> 00:07:51,500 It's actually I love doing it I'm the voice now of the tenor flex plus super soft incontinence badge 71 00:07:52,500 --> 00:08:02,189 It tells us something about the ITV to audience I think yes 72 00:08:03,110 --> 00:08:08,550 Joy is you can watch all the carry-on films right through the afternoon and evening without needing to leave the sofa 73 00:08:11,550 --> 00:08:14,589 The execution of because his son had died falling off the scaffold 74 00:08:14,589 --> 00:08:20,230 He passed the job to his second son who was called Henri Clément. He disgraced the family 75 00:08:20,230 --> 00:08:24,949 I'm afraid he had an aversion to blood and then he had serious gambling debts and he eventually 76 00:08:25,029 --> 00:08:31,350 Pawned off the guillotine to pay off his debts and he turned up at the next execution with an axe pretty much 77 00:08:32,750 --> 00:08:39,009 Will this do so they fired him and the Ministry of Justice had to buy the guillotine pack from I know 78 00:08:39,629 --> 00:08:42,789 Who is the woman associated with the French Revolution? 79 00:08:43,350 --> 00:08:48,850 Madam to sort because she took facial masks didn't she death masks? Yeah of the people 80 00:08:48,850 --> 00:08:52,190 It's an extraordinary story because she was the art teacher and indeed a waxworks 81 00:08:52,509 --> 00:08:55,190 Modeler for the sister of Louis the 16th 82 00:08:55,190 --> 00:08:59,710 and so she was seen to be a royalist and her head was actually shaved in preparation for 83 00:08:59,950 --> 00:09:05,509 Execution and she was saved by a leading revolutionary who had been friendly with her before and she was made to do the people's 84 00:09:05,509 --> 00:09:06,389 likenesses 85 00:09:06,389 --> 00:09:10,389 And then she was asked to come to Britain to show them and was going to go back to France 86 00:09:10,389 --> 00:09:14,830 But had to stay because the Napoleonic Wars started and she wasn't able to return who are these and so this is the king 87 00:09:14,830 --> 00:09:19,230 And queen those are actually the king and queen of France. It's Marie Antoinette and the king 88 00:09:19,230 --> 00:09:21,230 Yeah, all the wax works often 89 00:09:21,230 --> 00:09:27,750 I used to work in Madame Tussauds. Oh, this is marvelous somebody who can out anecdote Giles. I like this. I 90 00:09:29,029 --> 00:09:30,669 Worked as a zombie 91 00:09:30,669 --> 00:09:33,110 It's my acting career got off to a really quick start 92 00:09:34,230 --> 00:09:39,669 You had to learn how to put all different latex on stuff and make your makeup really awful to be jumping out at people 93 00:09:39,669 --> 00:09:44,830 In this scary maze, but you learned to wax which was to stand where tourists were walking past you 94 00:09:44,830 --> 00:09:48,509 You'd stay completely still and then just move a bit and people would hack themselves 95 00:09:49,509 --> 00:09:53,149 I got told after my second stint there that I was the scariest woman they'd ever 96 00:09:57,629 --> 00:10:01,389 Now chance I thought when you said you have personal experience of this that you were going to 97 00:10:02,549 --> 00:10:09,029 Family connection this seriously is how I became really interested in this subject of the guillotine and executions 98 00:10:09,389 --> 00:10:11,389 because my forebear 99 00:10:11,710 --> 00:10:18,429 Jeremiah Brandreth was a revolutionary and the last person to be beheaded in this country for 100 00:10:18,509 --> 00:10:23,750 Treason, I think we have a picture actually of Jeremiah. There is part of the Pentrick 101 00:10:24,909 --> 00:10:32,149 1817 he was a revolutionary. He began as a Luddite. He realized that the Industrial Revolution was going to make people lose their jobs 102 00:10:32,149 --> 00:10:34,909 he was determined to overthrow the government of the day and 103 00:10:35,549 --> 00:10:40,750 anyway, he led this revolution up in Derbyshire and he was known as the Nottingham captain and 104 00:10:41,509 --> 00:10:47,590 Was arrested put on trial and was not just hanged but he was then beheaded 105 00:10:47,590 --> 00:10:50,149 Yes, because he was a traitor because they wanted to show the head 106 00:10:50,149 --> 00:10:52,870 I mean, I think he was already dead by the time he was bedded now 107 00:10:52,870 --> 00:10:59,389 We were trying to see the family likeness in this so we've done a little bit of photoshopping just to see how that would look 108 00:10:59,830 --> 00:11:01,830 There you are 109 00:11:05,110 --> 00:11:10,789 I do think darling if you were ever beheaded just as they lifted the head up you'd be going I've got one more story 110 00:11:18,289 --> 00:11:20,529 You know the head can live on 111 00:11:24,009 --> 00:11:30,230 Good revolutions start with a bit of rioting 112 00:11:30,230 --> 00:11:35,470 But how can you cause a riot with a clown hat some vodka and a lump of cheese? 113 00:11:35,909 --> 00:11:40,149 Is it to take them as a gift at the marriage of your ex? 114 00:11:43,950 --> 00:11:50,110 Circus riot well, they're three separate riots. In fact, the one with the clown hat so it was 1850s 115 00:11:50,110 --> 00:11:53,990 You're talking about very tough town must be a Russian circus. No, it's Toronto 116 00:11:54,190 --> 00:12:02,470 So when Toronto started so we talk about the 1850s there was a population of 30,000 people not very many there were 152 117 00:12:02,470 --> 00:12:07,190 Taverns there were 203 beer halls and there were roughly we don't really know 140 brothels 118 00:12:07,190 --> 00:12:13,789 So it was quite the place for a gentleman to misbehave and in 1855 a riot began after a fireman 119 00:12:14,350 --> 00:12:20,909 drunk fireman knocked off a clown's hat in one of the city's brothels and when he refused to pick it up a 120 00:12:21,110 --> 00:12:28,070 Couple of trapeze after you swung in. Well, they started to complete riot and it went on for days clowns fighting firemen 121 00:12:29,750 --> 00:12:34,830 Circus tents were torn down. Firemen have got hoses and the clowns have just got a bucket of 122 00:12:40,830 --> 00:12:42,830 The wagons were set on fire 123 00:12:42,830 --> 00:12:44,990 Of the circus by the firemen 124 00:12:44,990 --> 00:12:49,909 I mean just one of the most extraordinary thing by the time it was all finished the whole of the Toronto police system had 125 00:12:49,909 --> 00:12:53,789 To be overhauled and they established what they basically the one that they have now 126 00:12:53,789 --> 00:12:57,309 But it was days of fighting between clowns and firemen 127 00:12:58,549 --> 00:13:03,149 It's fantastic. So what about the cheese? Oh, it's not the same event. No, they're different event 128 00:13:03,149 --> 00:13:05,470 I thought maybe it was a vodka and cheese evening 129 00:13:14,309 --> 00:13:18,870 Cheese rolling does that ever get out of hand? Well, it did so there's been lots of food riot 130 00:13:18,909 --> 00:13:23,750 Oh, of course they have so this will be to do with the price of cheese. Yes, it's price of vodka 131 00:13:23,750 --> 00:13:28,070 Well, if you think about the French Revolution that was instigated by the women in the market over the price of bread 132 00:13:28,549 --> 00:13:31,149 This is the great Nottingham cheese riot 133 00:13:32,950 --> 00:13:38,389 Isn't it great Nottingham cheese riot of 1766 they felt overcharged for cheese 134 00:13:38,710 --> 00:13:42,269 They seized the cheese and you're quite right just the cheese 135 00:13:49,190 --> 00:13:51,190 And 136 00:13:53,590 --> 00:13:56,990 They rolled them down the street because of course they were big cheese wheels 137 00:13:56,990 --> 00:14:03,029 They used to come in enormous things like this and the mayor tried to quell the violence and was knocked out by a particularly large 138 00:14:03,190 --> 00:14:05,190 cheese 139 00:14:05,950 --> 00:14:10,070 And severely concussed so was the great Nottingham cheese riot 140 00:14:10,669 --> 00:14:14,690 The vodka so this started really as a vodka boycott in 141 00:14:15,409 --> 00:14:22,490 1858 the Russians did a tax and it tripled the price so it went up to ten rubles a bucket is how they used to buy it 142 00:14:25,250 --> 00:14:27,769 Average Clark made 25 rubles a year 143 00:14:28,769 --> 00:14:33,210 So they were not able to buy this and the vodka tax was the main source of revenue and people just 144 00:14:33,409 --> 00:14:34,610 Decided I can't afford it 145 00:14:34,610 --> 00:14:40,210 So I'm not going to do it and so temperance society started all over the country and people took oaths of sobriety 146 00:14:40,210 --> 00:14:43,970 And this was a nightmare for the government because they needed the money from the tax 147 00:14:44,129 --> 00:14:49,570 Vodka started being given away free to try and persuade people to be a little bit more alcoholic so that eventually 148 00:14:50,289 --> 00:14:57,250 They would start paying for it rebels who didn't want the vodka tax were made to drink vodka forcibly with a funnel was put 149 00:14:57,250 --> 00:15:02,970 Down their throat. I mean it was extraordinary. Eventually the revolt was crushed and the government banned temperance societies 150 00:15:02,970 --> 00:15:05,610 It was forbidden to want to be sober 151 00:15:07,610 --> 00:15:12,289 That's triggered me actually because as a teenager I once snorted vodka 152 00:15:12,490 --> 00:15:17,809 How does one do that with a straw up your nose and then you cry out of your eyes 153 00:15:17,809 --> 00:15:20,009 I grew up in the West Country, so we didn't have much to do 154 00:15:26,450 --> 00:15:29,289 What would you have to do if someone read you the riot act 155 00:15:31,129 --> 00:15:34,529 Hmm it's an actual thing they would go to the scene and read the right 156 00:15:34,529 --> 00:15:39,090 I mean literally read it out technically you had an hour to disperse right once it had been read out 157 00:15:39,090 --> 00:15:42,529 So it was introduced in 1715 to clear crowds to clear the crowds out 158 00:15:42,529 --> 00:15:48,409 these are the actual words of the riot act and it meant that if more than 12 people gathered and were disruptive a 159 00:15:48,490 --> 00:15:54,250 Policeman was entitled to read them the riot act and it had to be read with the exact correct a wording and after that 160 00:15:54,250 --> 00:15:57,730 They had a full hour. You've got an hour now to stop rioting which I quite likes very British 161 00:15:57,730 --> 00:16:00,570 Isn't it? I'm giving you notice and then you'll be on the naughty step 162 00:16:01,289 --> 00:16:06,090 We don't have it anymore. It was repealed by the Criminal Law Act of 1967 163 00:16:06,090 --> 00:16:12,769 In fact, the last attempted reading of the riot act was in I guess anybody which city in this country Manchester, Glasgow. Oh 164 00:16:15,090 --> 00:16:19,210 1919 but the policeman couldn't get through it before somebody took the page from his hand 165 00:16:30,210 --> 00:16:32,210 It was an Irishman visiting to be 166 00:16:32,610 --> 00:16:33,809 I 167 00:16:33,809 --> 00:16:35,690 Respect the law as much as the next person 168 00:16:35,690 --> 00:16:38,690 if I had decided I was going to make the positive action of 169 00:16:38,970 --> 00:16:44,110 Rioting and someone stood in front of me and said here's a piece of paper about why you can't write you would just go 170 00:16:44,110 --> 00:16:48,450 Well, I'm taking that piece of paper. I'm a rioter. Yeah. Yeah, I mean, yeah, and I don't think that's particularly class 171 00:16:48,450 --> 00:16:50,889 If I may if I may Alan 172 00:16:53,450 --> 00:16:57,250 In the court if they don't disperse they don't just go they haven't yeah 173 00:16:58,129 --> 00:17:01,690 What I was going to say he's right was contrary to 174 00:17:02,210 --> 00:17:06,650 Sometimes occasionally when you said and I knew you were going to say Glasgow because you looked at me with that 175 00:17:06,650 --> 00:17:10,009 Look, you look at Sandra. You look at me sometimes ago. There's a Scottish 176 00:17:11,849 --> 00:17:17,049 Just because it was Glasgow does not mean that they they were violent. No, I didn't say that 177 00:17:17,049 --> 00:17:21,369 I never simply politely went I'll take that from you young sir. Yes 178 00:17:21,369 --> 00:17:23,369 I imagine 179 00:17:24,329 --> 00:17:29,730 Excuse me officer. Yeah, can I take that? I'll take that. Would you like a mint exactly? 180 00:17:31,490 --> 00:17:35,130 To be any suggestion that nobody was aggressive 181 00:17:39,569 --> 00:17:44,650 Nowadays you don't have to read anything out to talk if 12 people or more are present and they cause any kind of violence 182 00:17:44,650 --> 00:17:49,089 It's quite challenging for middle-class people to start riots as I've discovered 183 00:17:51,809 --> 00:17:53,809 White company order 184 00:17:58,410 --> 00:18:04,130 In Paris when I was trying to take part in the 1968 riots we didn't know what to do and 185 00:18:04,569 --> 00:18:10,089 Well, we didn't because we were nice university people. We'd gone over to help with the rioting and they were instructing in French 186 00:18:12,490 --> 00:18:18,250 Studying the French Revolution, so my French was reasonably okay, and they advised us what we were to do 187 00:18:18,250 --> 00:18:23,210 Yeah, and it was to knock the policeman's hat off and apparently knocking hats off 188 00:18:23,450 --> 00:18:28,130 Goes back hundreds of years as the way riots are started as in the case with your clown 189 00:18:28,329 --> 00:18:32,849 Knocking there the famous in the 1920s was there the straw hat for a straw hat rats 190 00:18:32,849 --> 00:18:34,849 Was that in New York, Philadelphia? 191 00:18:34,930 --> 00:18:39,809 In America where because it was a fashion thing. Yeah, autumn has come you've got to wear a felt hat 192 00:18:39,809 --> 00:18:45,210 Yeah, people in that were still wearing their straw hats knock it off. So policeman's helmets off clowns hats off 193 00:18:45,970 --> 00:18:51,690 Straw hats off I think to be fair if I had gone to the effort of wearing one of my hats 194 00:18:51,970 --> 00:18:54,849 Of which I have many because I believe a lady with a hat is a very 195 00:18:55,730 --> 00:18:57,730 Astonishing figure is it made of corduroy? 196 00:19:10,200 --> 00:19:13,720 Sometimes you think it's a hot day. I feel like wearing a hat. I'm gonna wear cowboy hat 197 00:19:13,720 --> 00:19:16,559 I'm gonna wear top hat gonna wear a bowler hat and you're walking dead 198 00:19:16,680 --> 00:19:21,720 Thinking people are laughing at me, but I don't care in myself. I have the confidence. I've worked in myself a lot 199 00:19:21,759 --> 00:19:26,839 This is how I feel. I feel confident. I'm a powerful woman. I'm clear ball day people looking 200 00:19:41,069 --> 00:20:01,890 Here's another kind of revolution, why doesn't your house have revolving doors 201 00:20:03,450 --> 00:20:07,369 Yes, my darling Giles my house does have revolving door 202 00:20:08,369 --> 00:20:15,619 It always has it's a family house, it's a tradition. Yes, because one of my forebears 203 00:20:16,259 --> 00:20:18,259 invented the revolving door 204 00:20:18,420 --> 00:20:24,130 Who invented the revolving door Theophilus? Yes 205 00:20:24,490 --> 00:20:31,170 panel is that married the daughter of my great great great grandfather man called dr 206 00:20:31,170 --> 00:20:35,650 Benjamin Brandreth who invented Brandreth's pills was a pioneer of 207 00:20:36,170 --> 00:20:40,650 Medicine and advertising in not so much a family tree is a family fucking forest 208 00:20:41,650 --> 00:20:51,599 You're related to Theophilus van Canel 209 00:20:53,119 --> 00:20:59,839 Dr. Brandreth had 13 children including 10 daughters. Yeah, and he was hugely wealthy and he married them off very well 210 00:20:59,960 --> 00:21:04,680 He also was a friend of PT Barnum who was a friend of this man who invented the revolving door 211 00:21:04,680 --> 00:21:10,319 So at home the point is we love it. It's been so useful recently, you know, we only want to self-isolate 212 00:21:10,480 --> 00:21:12,480 You can have three of the family 213 00:21:13,920 --> 00:21:21,710 The reason we don't have them on our homes because of too many terrible pet deaths 214 00:21:21,869 --> 00:21:26,130 No, it's just the houses are big enough and we don't get that many visitors 215 00:21:28,190 --> 00:21:34,109 They're very good in a tall building because what they do is they let much less air into the building and it avoids what's called 216 00:21:34,109 --> 00:21:35,150 The chimney effect 217 00:21:35,150 --> 00:21:40,630 So what happens is where cold air can be sucked in at the bottom when a door opens and warm air rises up through 218 00:21:40,630 --> 00:21:43,869 The building and the use of a revolving door stops that it's also more energy-efficient 219 00:21:44,509 --> 00:21:50,549 Weirdly people tend to prefer to use a swing door when they can they didn't seem to like the revolving doors and pretend 220 00:21:50,549 --> 00:21:52,549 to be Wonder Woman 221 00:21:53,109 --> 00:21:59,390 Change sometimes the Superman did the same thing and sometimes if you're feeling fancy when I'm in London where there's more revolving doors available 222 00:21:59,390 --> 00:22:02,029 I'll just go in a building then come back out pretend to be Wonder Woman 223 00:22:04,630 --> 00:22:08,509 It's because I carry a suitcase with me all the time and I trip over the suitcase that's 224 00:22:09,990 --> 00:22:16,250 Suitcase that's bigger than me and it makes revolving doors quite difficult 225 00:22:16,250 --> 00:22:20,450 And but you just have to do it because then people look at you like you can't do a door 226 00:22:23,210 --> 00:22:25,210 Get out of the suitcase 227 00:22:28,930 --> 00:22:30,930 Carry it through the door and then get back in 228 00:22:33,089 --> 00:22:35,089 I'll get two little leg holes cut 229 00:22:39,490 --> 00:22:46,500 Think of other advantages of revolving doors, you can go in and out at the same time. That's exactly right 230 00:22:46,500 --> 00:22:49,819 Yes extra points for Alan you can enter and exit at exactly the same time 231 00:22:49,819 --> 00:22:51,380 So you can get more people in and out of the building 232 00:22:51,380 --> 00:22:54,460 How can you get more people in a revolving door than just if you had one big door? 233 00:22:54,779 --> 00:22:57,539 It's faster because people are coming in and going out at the same time 234 00:22:57,539 --> 00:23:02,539 They haven't got to get in each other's way. And if you had a very large door, that's basically called an open space 235 00:23:08,980 --> 00:23:12,380 That's your up-and-over isn't it that's called a field. Yeah 236 00:23:16,900 --> 00:23:23,200 Can this stop your cherries from popping 237 00:23:23,200 --> 00:23:25,200 Oh 238 00:23:43,109 --> 00:23:48,069 Stop your cherries from popping a full-size one rather than that one obviously not that 239 00:23:49,349 --> 00:23:53,910 Like a 16 year old who's asked to have a big house party for their birthday and their parents say yes 240 00:23:53,910 --> 00:23:58,230 Oh, no problem, but then they take all the curtains down and hire a helicopter and just circle the house 241 00:24:02,670 --> 00:24:04,349 Cherries pop 242 00:24:04,349 --> 00:24:08,710 Well, they do why might they is it something to do with the harvesting of well 243 00:24:08,710 --> 00:24:11,910 It is sort of to do with that. They absorb water incredibly quickly 244 00:24:11,910 --> 00:24:17,829 So just one heavy bout of rainfall can cause them to split and that renders the entire crop absolutely worthless 245 00:24:17,829 --> 00:24:20,589 So they could spray them with edible wax. It's not so nice 246 00:24:21,269 --> 00:24:27,509 They could cover the whole crop in plastic. One of the ways to do it is to blow dry the fruit with a helicopter 247 00:24:27,670 --> 00:24:35,150 It's very expensive but it is the fastest way to dry a crop of cherries after unexpected rainfall and if every hour counts because they 248 00:24:35,150 --> 00:24:39,430 Are quite delicate then the best thing to do is to hire a helicopter and use it as a great big sort of family 249 00:24:39,430 --> 00:24:41,150 Wow, I know 250 00:24:41,150 --> 00:24:46,470 Also hired in sporting events. So they're used to dry cricket pitches sometimes golf courses. Yes 251 00:24:46,630 --> 00:24:48,950 They're also used sometimes as fan heaters helicopters 252 00:24:48,950 --> 00:24:53,390 They fly over crops in cold weather and so they push warmer air down onto the crops 253 00:24:53,390 --> 00:24:56,309 Anybody want to see a helicopter carrying a rhino? Yeah. Yeah 254 00:24:57,509 --> 00:24:59,509 Okay 255 00:25:05,109 --> 00:25:07,430 So it's being taken away from a poaching area 256 00:25:07,430 --> 00:25:12,470 This is in South Africa in 2017 and they airlifted more than 200 rhinos like this 257 00:25:12,470 --> 00:25:16,509 And actually it is the best thing if they had a net or rope around their torso 258 00:25:16,509 --> 00:25:20,990 It would constrict their breathing. They're only in the air for about 10 minutes and they're fully sedated 259 00:25:20,990 --> 00:25:24,109 It doesn't know harm. Apparently the hardest part is putting them back down gently 260 00:25:25,109 --> 00:25:28,589 Making sure they're okay and they do this with lots of animals in 2019 261 00:25:28,589 --> 00:25:34,309 They removed more than 700 mountain goats from a park in Washington State in a similar sort of way 262 00:25:34,309 --> 00:25:37,630 They thrived these goats in this park. There they are going off 263 00:25:37,630 --> 00:25:43,109 Apparently they'd thrived in the park because of human hikers because they really love human urine because it's salty 264 00:25:43,109 --> 00:25:44,950 So the goats do it's do yeah 265 00:25:44,950 --> 00:25:50,430 They were carried to the Cascade Mountains to be in these special slings and were they trying to take the goats away from the 266 00:25:50,430 --> 00:25:54,589 Urine and they were damaging the local flora and fauna. Oh because they really like the urine 267 00:25:56,589 --> 00:26:01,029 Right, yeah, I'm just I was concerned as to why they were moving the goats if they like the urine 268 00:26:01,150 --> 00:26:03,710 Yeah, I think mainly people should stop pissing on the path 269 00:26:05,269 --> 00:26:06,589 It's supposed to be good for you 270 00:26:06,589 --> 00:26:08,910 It wasn't it Mahatma Gandhi who used to have a little 271 00:26:09,230 --> 00:26:14,869 Bichet of urine of his own urine wasn't it the actress Sarah Miles used to advocate drinking your own you're confused those two 272 00:26:14,869 --> 00:26:16,869 I know 273 00:26:18,670 --> 00:26:21,710 The word chopper is for a helicopter 274 00:26:27,180 --> 00:26:33,220 I'm just throwing in a little bit of the only information I know on helicopters. What's it your uncle sergeant chopper? 275 00:26:37,769 --> 00:26:39,769 As he was known 276 00:26:42,329 --> 00:26:45,809 The Korean War the helicopters in the Korean War made this noise 277 00:26:46,650 --> 00:26:53,329 Oh, so that's 1951 so that's where it dates from I whereas popping your cherry goes back to 1605 I 278 00:26:54,769 --> 00:26:56,769 Think it's been going on for longer than that 279 00:26:57,730 --> 00:27:04,500 Now for a more well-rounded question, can you draw a perfect circle? So let's have a go 280 00:27:04,500 --> 00:27:06,500 You should have a board here 281 00:27:06,500 --> 00:27:10,220 Please I'd like one of you to hold the board and one of you to draw the circle. You may choose 282 00:27:10,220 --> 00:27:12,220 Would you like to talk? 283 00:27:12,539 --> 00:27:18,299 Madam perfect circle, please. I think the trick is gonna be the same as when you tell someone you're pregnant 284 00:27:27,480 --> 00:27:31,200 That is a perfect circle, it's gonna turn out that I'm a serial killer 285 00:27:39,920 --> 00:27:45,819 Dear old pumpkin brand 286 00:27:45,819 --> 00:27:53,609 So there's a guy who is known as the world champion circle drawer 287 00:27:53,609 --> 00:27:59,170 His name is Alex over white and he says the trick is to turn yourself into a human pair of compasses 288 00:27:59,170 --> 00:28:03,650 So you should pivot around a part of your body. So perhaps you could use your elbow 289 00:28:04,009 --> 00:28:07,089 And turn like this or perhaps you could use the heel of your hand 290 00:28:07,089 --> 00:28:11,490 I would say that's cheating if you say if you say to me, but you're not using any mechanical device 291 00:28:11,490 --> 00:28:13,490 You're simply using your body 292 00:28:13,529 --> 00:28:15,529 Having an arm wrestle with your imaginary friend 293 00:28:16,529 --> 00:28:25,210 So this guy he is allegedly the world champion circle drawer 294 00:28:25,210 --> 00:28:29,650 He's a math teacher and he was teaching a class and they did a video of him drawing a circle and sort of went viral 295 00:28:29,690 --> 00:28:31,809 Did he draw his own head originally? 296 00:28:35,799 --> 00:28:39,400 Isambard Kingdom Bridells are the famous for his ability to draw perfect circles 297 00:28:39,400 --> 00:28:42,640 Although I have to say some of the ones in his notebooks are singularly bad 298 00:28:43,039 --> 00:28:45,920 Why might they be so wobbly do you think? 299 00:28:46,480 --> 00:28:51,480 He's on a piece of machinery when he's doing them. Yeah, he was on his locomotive. He was on a train. Absolutely 300 00:28:51,480 --> 00:28:56,160 They were drawn on moving trains. He was testing the smoothness of rival railway lines 301 00:28:56,720 --> 00:29:00,039 So he would draw a near perfection to detail. I know I love it 302 00:29:00,039 --> 00:29:03,119 And he does have some genuinely good circles in his notebooks 303 00:29:03,119 --> 00:29:07,200 I have to say though if you look very very closely you can see a little dot in the middle 304 00:29:07,200 --> 00:29:10,400 Yeah cheat which suggests compass a compass 305 00:29:11,319 --> 00:29:13,319 Now for a question about roulette 306 00:29:14,079 --> 00:29:20,160 Okay, I will give you ten points to gamble on the next role of this wheel 307 00:29:20,160 --> 00:29:25,880 I can tell you that these are all black. These are the ones the last ones that have come up the last five 308 00:29:26,799 --> 00:29:32,519 What would you bet on now? Would you bet on black or red? I think it doesn't matter. That is correct 309 00:29:32,519 --> 00:29:37,519 So why do you think that is a lot of people would say red? There's some gambler's fallacies 310 00:29:37,519 --> 00:29:43,039 I'm kind of gambler's myth my I grew up spending a lot of time standing outside lab brooks waiting for my dad 311 00:29:44,480 --> 00:29:48,160 But and there's a gambler's myth that if you've lost a certain number of times you must be do a win 312 00:29:48,160 --> 00:29:54,079 Yeah, but actually whether it's black or red or whatever what's gone before there's no relationship 313 00:29:54,079 --> 00:29:58,680 So it doesn't probability of what's gonna happen. It's new every time is it? Well, the wheel doesn't remember what it did before 314 00:29:59,680 --> 00:30:04,380 It's 50-50. It's it's red or it's gonna be red or black. It's what well 315 00:30:06,319 --> 00:30:10,839 But that then suggests I may as well not wear my lucky pants 316 00:30:13,039 --> 00:30:15,039 Go if I'm doing some 317 00:30:15,039 --> 00:30:20,849 Oh 318 00:30:26,299 --> 00:30:27,660 Because I enjoy QI 319 00:30:27,660 --> 00:30:30,980 Yeah, and I want to do well to impress you. Yeah, I'm wearing my lucky pants, right 320 00:30:30,980 --> 00:30:37,039 If what you're seeing is correct, yeah, but the fact nothing matters. Yeah, I may as well not bother wearing these pants 321 00:30:37,039 --> 00:30:39,039 I've had for 20 years 322 00:30:39,700 --> 00:30:45,869 Steve that the lucky pant fallacy has finally 323 00:30:46,470 --> 00:30:50,910 Has finally come clear to you and I think corduroy against the screen is right. Yes 324 00:30:52,549 --> 00:30:53,829 Not at all 325 00:30:53,829 --> 00:30:56,710 I'm afraid it is pretty much a 50-50 bet 326 00:30:57,750 --> 00:31:05,390 No, I'm so sorry. Although it's not quite a 50-50 bet because there is also a zero and that is how they actually make their 327 00:31:05,390 --> 00:31:08,549 Money in the casinos, but you're absolutely right darling the gambler's fallacy 328 00:31:08,549 --> 00:31:13,009 If the wheel has landed on black six times 85 percent of people will bet on red 329 00:31:13,009 --> 00:31:17,730 I'm not allowed in casinos. Hmm. I'll tell you why I'm not allowed in casinos. You can't see it over the table 330 00:31:19,950 --> 00:31:21,950 Falling into the wheel 331 00:31:27,950 --> 00:31:37,150 Going around a spiritual journey to Tupelo, Mississippi to see where Elvis was born because I 332 00:31:37,869 --> 00:31:40,950 Briefly believed that when Elvis died his soul entered my body 333 00:31:42,710 --> 00:31:48,099 Anyway, what's the point of sex after that? 334 00:31:50,059 --> 00:31:52,059 Like a day release 335 00:31:52,619 --> 00:31:59,680 First time in a casino like a proper casino. I had a credit card for the first time and I ran up 336 00:32:00,019 --> 00:32:02,019 10,000 pounds 337 00:32:02,059 --> 00:32:04,059 In a six hours 338 00:32:05,180 --> 00:32:08,500 I mean I was I was very young and I was very stupid and I was quite drunk and 339 00:32:09,380 --> 00:32:11,420 After that I decided I liked it so much 340 00:32:11,420 --> 00:32:15,980 I would never go back into one again because I loved every single second they gave me lobster. They gave me beer 341 00:32:15,980 --> 00:32:22,259 I thought I was it was amazing. I just can't go back into one because I loved it. You lost 10,000 pounds 342 00:32:22,259 --> 00:32:26,299 Yeah one night. Yeah, I had the complete reverse experience. But again through ignorance 343 00:32:26,299 --> 00:32:30,420 I was in Monte Carlo so I went in and I put 10 pounds on number three and it came up 344 00:32:30,579 --> 00:32:33,259 So that's 35 times that the the win, right? 345 00:32:33,259 --> 00:32:35,259 So I didn't know you supposed to take the money off the table 346 00:32:35,259 --> 00:32:38,980 So I just left the money there and they spun the wheel and it came up again 347 00:32:40,299 --> 00:32:44,539 And the croupier said madam, you have no idea what you're doing. Take your money and go home. So I did 348 00:32:50,980 --> 00:32:53,660 There's an enormous amount of money I took a helicopter back to the airport 349 00:32:54,660 --> 00:33:00,299 I've been once so many once played roulette and in extraordinary circumstance 350 00:33:00,299 --> 00:33:06,220 It was quite recently my wife and I went for wedding anniversary of two Barbados. We were on the beach 351 00:33:07,059 --> 00:33:11,059 Sun was setting wonderful golden sand and this little old 352 00:33:11,859 --> 00:33:17,339 Wizened lady came teetering along the beach towards us and it wasn't told she got to about here that we realized 353 00:33:17,339 --> 00:33:19,339 He was actually Mick Jagger 354 00:33:19,900 --> 00:33:34,200 The true story 355 00:33:34,200 --> 00:33:37,759 It turned out he was a really enthusiastic viewer of Countdown 356 00:33:38,039 --> 00:33:43,359 So he knew who I was and I obviously knew who he was and my wife was quite excited 357 00:33:43,359 --> 00:33:50,539 So anyway, we went off for the evening and we went to a casino with Mick Jagger and he very sweetly gave us the chips 358 00:33:51,039 --> 00:33:53,799 And of course we we we lost but it didn't seem to bother 359 00:33:55,200 --> 00:33:57,200 Which was fantastic 360 00:33:58,200 --> 00:34:00,960 Right, what's so un-british about a roundabout? 361 00:34:02,759 --> 00:34:05,359 Yes, darling, it's French. Yes 362 00:34:06,599 --> 00:34:10,360 You will not be surprised to know there is a family story 363 00:34:14,289 --> 00:34:20,250 Yes, Charles one of my forebears was married to the Emperor Napoleon the third of France 364 00:34:22,889 --> 00:34:27,730 The third of France in exile lived in Southport and 365 00:34:28,730 --> 00:34:34,610 This is true and when he got back to Paris after when he was restored to become the 366 00:34:35,250 --> 00:34:41,289 Come the third again. He decided that Paris needed to be redesigned and chose a man called Houseman to do it 367 00:34:41,289 --> 00:34:43,289 Yes 368 00:34:44,929 --> 00:34:51,170 And he said the design I would like is I've been in England in a place called Southport and I would like it to 369 00:34:51,170 --> 00:34:55,530 Look like Southport with these wide boulevards and these big circles 370 00:34:55,570 --> 00:34:59,090 And that is why Paris looks like Southport 371 00:34:59,090 --> 00:35:03,409 Yes, but the actual roundabout was the invention of a French town planner 372 00:35:03,929 --> 00:35:09,250 Who was called Eugénie Inard at the turn of the 20th century? Houseman had lots of people working for him 373 00:35:12,889 --> 00:35:18,730 Before the start of the show Charles told me that my my key card for my dressing room would also work on the tube 374 00:35:18,730 --> 00:35:20,730 Is that true? 375 00:35:27,090 --> 00:35:32,210 So Houseman did do mom's job in making big boulevards, but the actual what's called a Carrefour gira toire 376 00:35:32,690 --> 00:35:36,650 The roundabout it was a French town planner who otherwise is I think not really known 377 00:35:37,090 --> 00:35:39,090 Initially you were allowed to go in any direction 378 00:35:46,530 --> 00:35:50,929 One of the lodges was at the Arc de Triomphe and it was a nightmare and then and now to suggested that maybe we 379 00:35:50,929 --> 00:35:55,969 Should all go in one direction and the rule was adopted nationwide. So that roundabout it's eight lanes wide 380 00:35:55,969 --> 00:35:59,889 It's notorious. It's called there 12 and there's a legend that an American tourist once found themselves 381 00:36:00,409 --> 00:36:03,730 She was sucked into the innermost lane and he kept going until he ran out of petrols 382 00:36:05,769 --> 00:36:12,210 And so in 1997 British researchers were sent to observe it and they copied it and they installed the very first. Yes, darling 383 00:36:13,610 --> 00:36:15,849 You're gonna find this almost impossible to believe 384 00:36:20,250 --> 00:36:22,849 My father this is getting really close now 385 00:36:22,849 --> 00:36:26,769 Yes, my father. Yes was the legal advisor to the Automobile Association 386 00:36:27,130 --> 00:36:33,929 Right and a friend of Ernest Marples who was the transport minister in the 1950s or 60s 387 00:36:34,210 --> 00:36:39,889 My father went with Ernest Marples to help him open Britain's first 388 00:36:40,730 --> 00:36:42,289 roundabout in 389 00:36:42,289 --> 00:36:45,090 Letchworth, Newtown. You are absolutely right 390 00:36:53,139 --> 00:36:59,619 I totally love this. So there's the Arc de Triomphe which inspired Letchworth 391 00:37:03,699 --> 00:37:05,780 You see the red car this is my dad 392 00:37:07,460 --> 00:37:16,059 Can I just recommend to you if he's gone to Letchworth, you know how we like an old museum 393 00:37:16,219 --> 00:37:21,360 Yeah, love it the Garden City collection. It's got the oldest toilet roll in the UK 394 00:37:22,380 --> 00:37:24,380 It's 83 years old unused 395 00:37:25,380 --> 00:37:29,639 Now it's time to take a turn for the worst as we enter the head spinning round that we call general 396 00:37:29,739 --> 00:37:35,500 Ignorance fuss as we can please fingers on buzzers. What can you put on your fish and chips in a chippy? 397 00:37:37,579 --> 00:37:47,110 So with some vinegar not salt and vinegar salt yes, but not vinegar because 398 00:37:47,630 --> 00:37:52,349 It's not vinegar. It's all labeled non brewed condiment 399 00:37:52,909 --> 00:37:55,989 By law, not only can it not be labeled as vinegar 400 00:37:55,989 --> 00:37:59,269 You can't even put it in a receptacle that would usually hold vinegar 401 00:38:00,269 --> 00:38:02,269 Tell that to her on the right 402 00:38:08,389 --> 00:38:11,110 No, it's something it's a combination of water and 403 00:38:11,429 --> 00:38:16,190 Ethanoic acid and flavorings and then it's watered down even further to be served to customers. It's cheaper 404 00:38:16,190 --> 00:38:19,530 It takes less time to make you can buy it in concentrated form. It's a lovely 405 00:38:20,309 --> 00:38:21,429 sauce 406 00:38:21,429 --> 00:38:23,349 No, no, no 407 00:38:23,349 --> 00:38:28,309 In Edinburgh, they have salt and sauce in Glasgow. We have salt and vinegar because we're classy what you don't 408 00:38:29,989 --> 00:38:31,989 Salt a non brewed condiment 409 00:38:33,389 --> 00:38:36,389 All the bottles of vinegar I've ever owned never said vinegar on them 410 00:38:36,469 --> 00:38:39,670 No, if you buy it in a shop and it says vinegar in it it is vinegar 411 00:38:39,909 --> 00:38:43,190 If you say to the fish and chip person, please could you put vinegar on it? 412 00:38:43,349 --> 00:38:48,630 It isn't vinegar. It is in fact non brewed condiment, but weirdly people don't order it like that 413 00:38:50,869 --> 00:38:52,869 But they do from now on I know 414 00:38:53,429 --> 00:38:55,429 I'm absolutely shell shocked by this news 415 00:38:56,550 --> 00:38:58,550 Of all the things you've ever told me on qi 416 00:38:58,550 --> 00:39:01,750 This is the one that's upset. This is the one that's really rocked my world 417 00:39:01,829 --> 00:39:04,389 Yeah, no, so you could put your vinegar that you bought in a shop 418 00:39:04,469 --> 00:39:09,110 So you've got malt vinegar and that is actually made you ferment an ale from malted barley 419 00:39:09,269 --> 00:39:15,030 Much like red wine vinegars actually made from red wine, although it has very little alcohol left in it. Oh, I love red wine 420 00:39:19,139 --> 00:39:22,019 If you ask for vinegar on your fish and chips, you probably won't get it 421 00:39:22,500 --> 00:39:25,940 How many trees are there on the planet compared to 40 years ago? 422 00:39:28,280 --> 00:39:35,400 Giles many more many more many more because they do them in china, don't they giles according to a study in nature 423 00:39:35,619 --> 00:39:40,599 2018 trees now cover seven percent more of the earth's surface than they did in 1982 424 00:39:41,159 --> 00:39:46,519 So that sounds good and nasa says, you know, they want images that show five percent increase in the total area 425 00:39:47,000 --> 00:39:49,000 But it's not a good thing 426 00:39:49,079 --> 00:39:52,119 Because it's china fundamentally that has done this very large 427 00:39:52,739 --> 00:39:56,119 Aforestation project in the world. They've doubled their tree coverage 428 00:39:56,599 --> 00:39:59,639 However, it's forestation for agricultural purposes 429 00:40:00,199 --> 00:40:05,159 Uh, so we are talking about single species of trees. We're talking about uh, unnatural monoculture 430 00:40:05,239 --> 00:40:08,760 You don't get an ecosystem. You don't get wildlife and insects 431 00:40:09,000 --> 00:40:13,639 Yeah, and also lots of trees been planted on unsuitable land and they are basically dying 432 00:40:14,199 --> 00:40:16,760 Who invented the battle technique of blitzkrieg? 433 00:40:17,639 --> 00:40:19,800 Yes, someone giles is related to 434 00:40:19,800 --> 00:40:21,800 No 435 00:40:22,280 --> 00:40:28,039 Blitzkrieg brandress the vermacht german army the germans, uh 436 00:40:33,179 --> 00:40:38,139 The french, uh, so russians british british it was us. Yes pretty much 437 00:40:38,699 --> 00:40:39,579 We named it 438 00:40:39,579 --> 00:40:46,780 So it is a german word blitz lightning and krieg war very rarely used in germany in the 1930s and 40s 439 00:40:47,099 --> 00:40:49,099 Definitely not used by the german leaders 440 00:40:49,179 --> 00:40:55,179 When the blitzkrieg actually happened when they invaded poland in 1939 france in 1941 in fact hitler called it 441 00:40:55,659 --> 00:40:59,659 A completely idiotic word and ganzblutninger wort 442 00:41:00,460 --> 00:41:02,460 It's not often I quote hitler 443 00:41:03,659 --> 00:41:10,059 In fact the germans the success of the blitzkrieg completely surprised them 444 00:41:10,059 --> 00:41:13,739 They thought it was rather a miracle, but it wasn't any uh new innovation 445 00:41:13,739 --> 00:41:17,340 So what happens is there are short sharp attacks on the ground with armored vehicles 446 00:41:17,579 --> 00:41:23,900 And then the air support comes in behind and kind of finishes things off lots of tanks and lots of peaceful undefended villages 447 00:41:23,980 --> 00:41:24,619 That's it 448 00:41:24,619 --> 00:41:28,460 But this kind of uh tank and aircraft warfare since it had been evolving since world war one 449 00:41:28,539 --> 00:41:30,300 So it was not really a new thing 450 00:41:30,300 --> 00:41:35,019 But the british and american press that decided the advance by the germans which surprised everybody including the germans 451 00:41:35,179 --> 00:41:37,260 It had to be a revolutionary new kind of warfare 452 00:41:37,260 --> 00:41:41,900 So they claimed that the man in charge of commanding the mechanized troops, uh, general heins 453 00:41:42,940 --> 00:41:44,940 He was the father of the blitzkrieg 454 00:41:45,019 --> 00:41:48,460 And so lots of publicity in the press and in the end the soldiers on the ground were using it 455 00:41:48,780 --> 00:41:53,420 But it was not a german invention at all. It was just giving it a german name to make it sound 456 00:41:53,579 --> 00:41:54,059 That's it 457 00:41:54,059 --> 00:42:00,059 But to make it sound like they had invented something that would a new technique that would explain why the the allied forces were losing 458 00:42:00,300 --> 00:42:01,579 at that time 459 00:42:01,579 --> 00:42:07,840 Now what goes around comes around and so we're back to revolutions in which month do russians celebrate this revolution? 460 00:42:09,980 --> 00:42:11,980 October 461 00:42:15,940 --> 00:42:21,400 So it is called the october revolution you're absolutely right, but it isn't celebrated in october. It's celebrated in november 462 00:42:21,539 --> 00:42:24,980 Why might that be because it's my birthday and everyone has a party on my birthday 463 00:42:26,179 --> 00:42:29,300 Did they shift the calendar they did shift the calendar that's exactly it 464 00:42:29,380 --> 00:42:33,699 So russia was still using the julian calendar which was 13 days behind 465 00:42:34,019 --> 00:42:36,820 The bolsheviks under lenin revolted on october the 24th and 25th 466 00:42:36,980 --> 00:42:42,260 But it was according to the rest of europe november the 6th and that's my birthday november the 6th. Is it? 467 00:42:42,340 --> 00:42:45,139 Yeah, lenin would have been so pleased 468 00:42:48,340 --> 00:42:52,420 And with these revolutionary revelations we come to the final scores I can tell you 469 00:42:53,059 --> 00:42:56,099 In last place with minus 14. It's alan 470 00:43:01,179 --> 00:43:03,179 In third place with three points susan 471 00:43:04,460 --> 00:43:10,139 Second place with four points jessica 472 00:43:11,019 --> 00:43:20,329 Five points in first place because he is related to the man who invented first place 473 00:43:21,130 --> 00:43:33,940 Oh 474 00:43:33,940 --> 00:43:38,500 Jessica giles susan and alan I leave you with these words from american actress lee grant 475 00:43:38,739 --> 00:43:41,780 Which exposed the real problem with revolutionary ideas? 476 00:43:42,179 --> 00:43:46,659 I've been married to one marxist and one fascist and neither one would take the garbage out 477 00:43:46,980 --> 00:43:48,980 Thank you and good night