Revolutionary episode of QI rising up in revolt this week. We have four recalcitrant renegades the radicals Susan Kalman
Full-rousing Giles Brander and he's an absolute riot. It's Alan Davis
Really revolutionary Susan goes
Jessica goes
Fine Giles a bit of a headbanger maybe I recognize this it's one of my favorites
It's the sex pistols. Yes, and once in the 1980s I met
True. I met Johnny rotten digit the Midland Hotel, Manchester. I went up to him and I said, oh, mr
Rotten, I'm so delighted to meet you and he said to me fuck off
Nothing I could say to you. You wouldn't have an anecdote
Question one stop me when you know what these names are for. Okay
Patriotic shortener
Silence mill
Silence mills the nickname I gave to my worst ever Edinburgh show
It's like tumbleweed. Yeah, we punks will remember a band called silence mill
Okay, Charlie seesaw. That could be a racehorse. I like the necktie of Capet
Okay, so I'm gonna help you that we have translated all of these they were originally in French
And there was a sound effect that went with each one of them
I don't want to not get the point on a matter of admin
So in French they were absolutely fantastic. The patriotic shortener was a raccoos more
patriotic a silence mill muller a silence and the regretful climb
Monda regret all nicknames for the guillotine used in the French Revolution
Yes, you met the man
Yes
He told me to fuck off. You have a personal interest in the subject as it happened
Oh, why is that not before I get to that? Yes
Let me tell you what little I know about the guillotine
The guillotine the guillotine. Yes, do we get bonus points for this information? Why just wasting time?
my recollection is
We're going back a bit. It's the French Revolution
That
When I was at university one of my subjects was the French Revolution
Oh right as I remember the guillotine was named after a man called guillotine and he wanted a nicer way of
Killing the enemies of the revolution, right? And so he was actually meaning it in a kind way
Yeah, so I think that's who guillotine was
Yeah, but I know it went on for years and years and years because in
1977 I went to Paris for the last use of the guillotine
And this is your personal interest. I was a campaigner against capital punishment
I went with a group because we couldn't believe it to protest right. This was still going on
I know what you have t-shirts and said quit while you're ahead
University in the 1960s, so this is a long time ago
But in 1968 obviously I was in Paris trying to ferment in my prepunk period
Yes, the revolution in France at the time when I was at university, I was simply trying to get laid
The ruse did not work
I had one of those sweaters with leather patches on the elbow as a little pipe. I thought it looked good
It was named after dr
guillotine and in fact his family hated this association with the name and they constantly petitioned the French government saying please call it
Please call it something else and in the end they changed their name because they got so fed up with it. Perhaps it was Gillette
There is a rumor that he was killed by his own apparatus it is not true in fact
He died from an infection on a carbuncle on his shoulders
I know that what's a carbuncle. It's not pleasant. Don't know a nice carbuncle at the end of the night though that can
Possibly the most tragic thing you've ever said
We could have a carbuncle
The person who did the very first guillotineing he was the Louis the 16th executioner
He was a man by the name of Charles Henri Sanson. He was the fourth out of six generations of
Executioner he executed nearly 3,000 people
He was a celebrity because he was France's executioner and his uniform that he used to wear which are sort of striped trousers
And fancy hat and an overcoat that became a very fashionable look for men
What do you think women might have worn to celebrate corduroy?
Women wore guillotine shaped earrings and what sort of unpleasant it that's the king and queen's head below
Oh
Anyway, he was supposed to pass on the job to his eldest son Gabriel Gabriel died
Unfortunately while he was helping his father with an execution. He slipped on some blood and fell off the scaffold
Oh, they didn't feature any of this in carry on up the French Revolution
Yes from our I want to watch that again
You never see them anymore used to be on all the time
No, they're on ITV to if you if you watch television in the afternoon if you've got no job self-employed
Sorry, if you're self-employed
They do some wonderful programs do they I do the voiceover for one of the commercials
It's actually I love doing it I'm the voice now of the tenor flex plus super soft incontinence badge
It tells us something about the ITV to audience I think yes
Joy is you can watch all the carry-on films right through the afternoon and evening without needing to leave the sofa
The execution of because his son had died falling off the scaffold
He passed the job to his second son who was called Henri Clément. He disgraced the family
I'm afraid he had an aversion to blood and then he had serious gambling debts and he eventually
Pawned off the guillotine to pay off his debts and he turned up at the next execution with an axe pretty much
Will this do so they fired him and the Ministry of Justice had to buy the guillotine pack from I know
Who is the woman associated with the French Revolution?
Madam to sort because she took facial masks didn't she death masks? Yeah of the people
It's an extraordinary story because she was the art teacher and indeed a waxworks
Modeler for the sister of Louis the 16th
and so she was seen to be a royalist and her head was actually shaved in preparation for
Execution and she was saved by a leading revolutionary who had been friendly with her before and she was made to do the people's
likenesses
And then she was asked to come to Britain to show them and was going to go back to France
But had to stay because the Napoleonic Wars started and she wasn't able to return who are these and so this is the king
And queen those are actually the king and queen of France. It's Marie Antoinette and the king
Yeah, all the wax works often
I used to work in Madame Tussauds. Oh, this is marvelous somebody who can out anecdote Giles. I like this. I
Worked as a zombie
It's my acting career got off to a really quick start
You had to learn how to put all different latex on stuff and make your makeup really awful to be jumping out at people
In this scary maze, but you learned to wax which was to stand where tourists were walking past you
You'd stay completely still and then just move a bit and people would hack themselves
I got told after my second stint there that I was the scariest woman they'd ever
Now chance I thought when you said you have personal experience of this that you were going to
Family connection this seriously is how I became really interested in this subject of the guillotine and executions
because my forebear
Jeremiah Brandreth was a revolutionary and the last person to be beheaded in this country for
Treason, I think we have a picture actually of Jeremiah. There is part of the Pentrick
1817 he was a revolutionary. He began as a Luddite. He realized that the Industrial Revolution was going to make people lose their jobs
he was determined to overthrow the government of the day and
anyway, he led this revolution up in Derbyshire and he was known as the Nottingham captain and
Was arrested put on trial and was not just hanged but he was then beheaded
Yes, because he was a traitor because they wanted to show the head
I mean, I think he was already dead by the time he was bedded now
We were trying to see the family likeness in this so we've done a little bit of photoshopping just to see how that would look
There you are
I do think darling if you were ever beheaded just as they lifted the head up you'd be going I've got one more story
You know the head can live on
Good revolutions start with a bit of rioting
But how can you cause a riot with a clown hat some vodka and a lump of cheese?
Is it to take them as a gift at the marriage of your ex?
Circus riot well, they're three separate riots. In fact, the one with the clown hat so it was 1850s
You're talking about very tough town must be a Russian circus. No, it's Toronto
So when Toronto started so we talk about the 1850s there was a population of 30,000 people not very many there were 152
Taverns there were 203 beer halls and there were roughly we don't really know 140 brothels
So it was quite the place for a gentleman to misbehave and in 1855 a riot began after a fireman
drunk fireman knocked off a clown's hat in one of the city's brothels and when he refused to pick it up a
Couple of trapeze after you swung in. Well, they started to complete riot and it went on for days clowns fighting firemen
Circus tents were torn down. Firemen have got hoses and the clowns have just got a bucket of
The wagons were set on fire
Of the circus by the firemen
I mean just one of the most extraordinary thing by the time it was all finished the whole of the Toronto police system had
To be overhauled and they established what they basically the one that they have now
But it was days of fighting between clowns and firemen
It's fantastic. So what about the cheese? Oh, it's not the same event. No, they're different event
I thought maybe it was a vodka and cheese evening
Cheese rolling does that ever get out of hand? Well, it did so there's been lots of food riot
Oh, of course they have so this will be to do with the price of cheese. Yes, it's price of vodka
Well, if you think about the French Revolution that was instigated by the women in the market over the price of bread
This is the great Nottingham cheese riot
Isn't it great Nottingham cheese riot of 1766 they felt overcharged for cheese
They seized the cheese and you're quite right just the cheese
And
They rolled them down the street because of course they were big cheese wheels
They used to come in enormous things like this and the mayor tried to quell the violence and was knocked out by a particularly large
cheese
And severely concussed so was the great Nottingham cheese riot
The vodka so this started really as a vodka boycott in
1858 the Russians did a tax and it tripled the price so it went up to ten rubles a bucket is how they used to buy it
Average Clark made 25 rubles a year
So they were not able to buy this and the vodka tax was the main source of revenue and people just
Decided I can't afford it
So I'm not going to do it and so temperance society started all over the country and people took oaths of sobriety
And this was a nightmare for the government because they needed the money from the tax
Vodka started being given away free to try and persuade people to be a little bit more alcoholic so that eventually
They would start paying for it rebels who didn't want the vodka tax were made to drink vodka forcibly with a funnel was put
Down their throat. I mean it was extraordinary. Eventually the revolt was crushed and the government banned temperance societies
It was forbidden to want to be sober
That's triggered me actually because as a teenager I once snorted vodka
How does one do that with a straw up your nose and then you cry out of your eyes
I grew up in the West Country, so we didn't have much to do
What would you have to do if someone read you the riot act
Hmm it's an actual thing they would go to the scene and read the right
I mean literally read it out technically you had an hour to disperse right once it had been read out
So it was introduced in 1715 to clear crowds to clear the crowds out
these are the actual words of the riot act and it meant that if more than 12 people gathered and were disruptive a
Policeman was entitled to read them the riot act and it had to be read with the exact correct a wording and after that
They had a full hour. You've got an hour now to stop rioting which I quite likes very British
Isn't it? I'm giving you notice and then you'll be on the naughty step
We don't have it anymore. It was repealed by the Criminal Law Act of 1967
In fact, the last attempted reading of the riot act was in I guess anybody which city in this country Manchester, Glasgow. Oh
1919 but the policeman couldn't get through it before somebody took the page from his hand
It was an Irishman visiting to be
I
Respect the law as much as the next person
if I had decided I was going to make the positive action of
Rioting and someone stood in front of me and said here's a piece of paper about why you can't write you would just go
Well, I'm taking that piece of paper. I'm a rioter. Yeah. Yeah, I mean, yeah, and I don't think that's particularly class
If I may if I may Alan
In the court if they don't disperse they don't just go they haven't yeah
What I was going to say he's right was contrary to
Sometimes occasionally when you said and I knew you were going to say Glasgow because you looked at me with that
Look, you look at Sandra. You look at me sometimes ago. There's a Scottish
Just because it was Glasgow does not mean that they they were violent. No, I didn't say that
I never simply politely went I'll take that from you young sir. Yes
I imagine
Excuse me officer. Yeah, can I take that? I'll take that. Would you like a mint exactly?
To be any suggestion that nobody was aggressive
Nowadays you don't have to read anything out to talk if 12 people or more are present and they cause any kind of violence
It's quite challenging for middle-class people to start riots as I've discovered
White company order
In Paris when I was trying to take part in the 1968 riots we didn't know what to do and
Well, we didn't because we were nice university people. We'd gone over to help with the rioting and they were instructing in French
Studying the French Revolution, so my French was reasonably okay, and they advised us what we were to do
Yeah, and it was to knock the policeman's hat off and apparently knocking hats off
Goes back hundreds of years as the way riots are started as in the case with your clown
Knocking there the famous in the 1920s was there the straw hat for a straw hat rats
Was that in New York, Philadelphia?
In America where because it was a fashion thing. Yeah, autumn has come you've got to wear a felt hat
Yeah, people in that were still wearing their straw hats knock it off. So policeman's helmets off clowns hats off
Straw hats off I think to be fair if I had gone to the effort of wearing one of my hats
Of which I have many because I believe a lady with a hat is a very
Astonishing figure is it made of corduroy?
Sometimes you think it's a hot day. I feel like wearing a hat. I'm gonna wear cowboy hat
I'm gonna wear top hat gonna wear a bowler hat and you're walking dead
Thinking people are laughing at me, but I don't care in myself. I have the confidence. I've worked in myself a lot
This is how I feel. I feel confident. I'm a powerful woman. I'm clear ball day people looking
Here's another kind of revolution, why doesn't your house have revolving doors
Yes, my darling Giles my house does have revolving door
It always has it's a family house, it's a tradition. Yes, because one of my forebears
invented the revolving door
Who invented the revolving door Theophilus? Yes
panel is that married the daughter of my great great great grandfather man called dr
Benjamin Brandreth who invented Brandreth's pills was a pioneer of
Medicine and advertising in not so much a family tree is a family fucking forest
You're related to Theophilus van Canel
Dr. Brandreth had 13 children including 10 daughters. Yeah, and he was hugely wealthy and he married them off very well
He also was a friend of PT Barnum who was a friend of this man who invented the revolving door
So at home the point is we love it. It's been so useful recently, you know, we only want to self-isolate
You can have three of the family
The reason we don't have them on our homes because of too many terrible pet deaths
No, it's just the houses are big enough and we don't get that many visitors
They're very good in a tall building because what they do is they let much less air into the building and it avoids what's called
The chimney effect
So what happens is where cold air can be sucked in at the bottom when a door opens and warm air rises up through
The building and the use of a revolving door stops that it's also more energy-efficient
Weirdly people tend to prefer to use a swing door when they can they didn't seem to like the revolving doors and pretend
to be Wonder Woman
Change sometimes the Superman did the same thing and sometimes if you're feeling fancy when I'm in London where there's more revolving doors available
I'll just go in a building then come back out pretend to be Wonder Woman
It's because I carry a suitcase with me all the time and I trip over the suitcase that's
Suitcase that's bigger than me and it makes revolving doors quite difficult
And but you just have to do it because then people look at you like you can't do a door
Get out of the suitcase
Carry it through the door and then get back in
I'll get two little leg holes cut
Think of other advantages of revolving doors, you can go in and out at the same time. That's exactly right
Yes extra points for Alan you can enter and exit at exactly the same time
So you can get more people in and out of the building
How can you get more people in a revolving door than just if you had one big door?
It's faster because people are coming in and going out at the same time
They haven't got to get in each other's way. And if you had a very large door, that's basically called an open space
That's your up-and-over isn't it that's called a field. Yeah
Can this stop your cherries from popping
Oh
Stop your cherries from popping a full-size one rather than that one obviously not that
Like a 16 year old who's asked to have a big house party for their birthday and their parents say yes
Oh, no problem, but then they take all the curtains down and hire a helicopter and just circle the house
Cherries pop
Well, they do why might they is it something to do with the harvesting of well
It is sort of to do with that. They absorb water incredibly quickly
So just one heavy bout of rainfall can cause them to split and that renders the entire crop absolutely worthless
So they could spray them with edible wax. It's not so nice
They could cover the whole crop in plastic. One of the ways to do it is to blow dry the fruit with a helicopter
It's very expensive but it is the fastest way to dry a crop of cherries after unexpected rainfall and if every hour counts because they
Are quite delicate then the best thing to do is to hire a helicopter and use it as a great big sort of family
Wow, I know
Also hired in sporting events. So they're used to dry cricket pitches sometimes golf courses. Yes
They're also used sometimes as fan heaters helicopters
They fly over crops in cold weather and so they push warmer air down onto the crops
Anybody want to see a helicopter carrying a rhino? Yeah. Yeah
Okay
So it's being taken away from a poaching area
This is in South Africa in 2017 and they airlifted more than 200 rhinos like this
And actually it is the best thing if they had a net or rope around their torso
It would constrict their breathing. They're only in the air for about 10 minutes and they're fully sedated
It doesn't know harm. Apparently the hardest part is putting them back down gently
Making sure they're okay and they do this with lots of animals in 2019
They removed more than 700 mountain goats from a park in Washington State in a similar sort of way
They thrived these goats in this park. There they are going off
Apparently they'd thrived in the park because of human hikers because they really love human urine because it's salty
So the goats do it's do yeah
They were carried to the Cascade Mountains to be in these special slings and were they trying to take the goats away from the
Urine and they were damaging the local flora and fauna. Oh because they really like the urine
Right, yeah, I'm just I was concerned as to why they were moving the goats if they like the urine
Yeah, I think mainly people should stop pissing on the path
It's supposed to be good for you
It wasn't it Mahatma Gandhi who used to have a little
Bichet of urine of his own urine wasn't it the actress Sarah Miles used to advocate drinking your own you're confused those two
I know
The word chopper is for a helicopter
I'm just throwing in a little bit of the only information I know on helicopters. What's it your uncle sergeant chopper?
As he was known
The Korean War the helicopters in the Korean War made this noise
Oh, so that's 1951 so that's where it dates from I whereas popping your cherry goes back to 1605 I
Think it's been going on for longer than that
Now for a more well-rounded question, can you draw a perfect circle? So let's have a go
You should have a board here
Please I'd like one of you to hold the board and one of you to draw the circle. You may choose
Would you like to talk?
Madam perfect circle, please. I think the trick is gonna be the same as when you tell someone you're pregnant
That is a perfect circle, it's gonna turn out that I'm a serial killer
Dear old pumpkin brand
So there's a guy who is known as the world champion circle drawer
His name is Alex over white and he says the trick is to turn yourself into a human pair of compasses
So you should pivot around a part of your body. So perhaps you could use your elbow
And turn like this or perhaps you could use the heel of your hand
I would say that's cheating if you say if you say to me, but you're not using any mechanical device
You're simply using your body
Having an arm wrestle with your imaginary friend
So this guy he is allegedly the world champion circle drawer
He's a math teacher and he was teaching a class and they did a video of him drawing a circle and sort of went viral
Did he draw his own head originally?
Isambard Kingdom Bridells are the famous for his ability to draw perfect circles
Although I have to say some of the ones in his notebooks are singularly bad
Why might they be so wobbly do you think?
He's on a piece of machinery when he's doing them. Yeah, he was on his locomotive. He was on a train. Absolutely
They were drawn on moving trains. He was testing the smoothness of rival railway lines
So he would draw a near perfection to detail. I know I love it
And he does have some genuinely good circles in his notebooks
I have to say though if you look very very closely you can see a little dot in the middle
Yeah cheat which suggests compass a compass
Now for a question about roulette
Okay, I will give you ten points to gamble on the next role of this wheel
I can tell you that these are all black. These are the ones the last ones that have come up the last five
What would you bet on now? Would you bet on black or red? I think it doesn't matter. That is correct
So why do you think that is a lot of people would say red? There's some gambler's fallacies
I'm kind of gambler's myth my I grew up spending a lot of time standing outside lab brooks waiting for my dad
But and there's a gambler's myth that if you've lost a certain number of times you must be do a win
Yeah, but actually whether it's black or red or whatever what's gone before there's no relationship
So it doesn't probability of what's gonna happen. It's new every time is it? Well, the wheel doesn't remember what it did before
It's 50-50. It's it's red or it's gonna be red or black. It's what well
But that then suggests I may as well not wear my lucky pants
Go if I'm doing some
Oh
Because I enjoy QI
Yeah, and I want to do well to impress you. Yeah, I'm wearing my lucky pants, right
If what you're seeing is correct, yeah, but the fact nothing matters. Yeah, I may as well not bother wearing these pants
I've had for 20 years
Steve that the lucky pant fallacy has finally
Has finally come clear to you and I think corduroy against the screen is right. Yes
Not at all
I'm afraid it is pretty much a 50-50 bet
No, I'm so sorry. Although it's not quite a 50-50 bet because there is also a zero and that is how they actually make their
Money in the casinos, but you're absolutely right darling the gambler's fallacy
If the wheel has landed on black six times 85 percent of people will bet on red
I'm not allowed in casinos. Hmm. I'll tell you why I'm not allowed in casinos. You can't see it over the table
Falling into the wheel
Going around a spiritual journey to Tupelo, Mississippi to see where Elvis was born because I
Briefly believed that when Elvis died his soul entered my body
Anyway, what's the point of sex after that?
Like a day release
First time in a casino like a proper casino. I had a credit card for the first time and I ran up
10,000 pounds
In a six hours
I mean I was I was very young and I was very stupid and I was quite drunk and
After that I decided I liked it so much
I would never go back into one again because I loved every single second they gave me lobster. They gave me beer
I thought I was it was amazing. I just can't go back into one because I loved it. You lost 10,000 pounds
Yeah one night. Yeah, I had the complete reverse experience. But again through ignorance
I was in Monte Carlo so I went in and I put 10 pounds on number three and it came up
So that's 35 times that the the win, right?
So I didn't know you supposed to take the money off the table
So I just left the money there and they spun the wheel and it came up again
And the croupier said madam, you have no idea what you're doing. Take your money and go home. So I did
There's an enormous amount of money I took a helicopter back to the airport
I've been once so many once played roulette and in extraordinary circumstance
It was quite recently my wife and I went for wedding anniversary of two Barbados. We were on the beach
Sun was setting wonderful golden sand and this little old
Wizened lady came teetering along the beach towards us and it wasn't told she got to about here that we realized
He was actually Mick Jagger
The true story
It turned out he was a really enthusiastic viewer of Countdown
So he knew who I was and I obviously knew who he was and my wife was quite excited
So anyway, we went off for the evening and we went to a casino with Mick Jagger and he very sweetly gave us the chips
And of course we we we lost but it didn't seem to bother
Which was fantastic
Right, what's so un-british about a roundabout?
Yes, darling, it's French. Yes
You will not be surprised to know there is a family story
Yes, Charles one of my forebears was married to the Emperor Napoleon the third of France
The third of France in exile lived in Southport and
This is true and when he got back to Paris after when he was restored to become the
Come the third again. He decided that Paris needed to be redesigned and chose a man called Houseman to do it
Yes
And he said the design I would like is I've been in England in a place called Southport and I would like it to
Look like Southport with these wide boulevards and these big circles
And that is why Paris looks like Southport
Yes, but the actual roundabout was the invention of a French town planner
Who was called Eugénie Inard at the turn of the 20th century? Houseman had lots of people working for him
Before the start of the show Charles told me that my my key card for my dressing room would also work on the tube
Is that true?
So Houseman did do mom's job in making big boulevards, but the actual what's called a Carrefour gira toire
The roundabout it was a French town planner who otherwise is I think not really known
Initially you were allowed to go in any direction
One of the lodges was at the Arc de Triomphe and it was a nightmare and then and now to suggested that maybe we
Should all go in one direction and the rule was adopted nationwide. So that roundabout it's eight lanes wide
It's notorious. It's called there 12 and there's a legend that an American tourist once found themselves
She was sucked into the innermost lane and he kept going until he ran out of petrols
And so in 1997 British researchers were sent to observe it and they copied it and they installed the very first. Yes, darling
You're gonna find this almost impossible to believe
My father this is getting really close now
Yes, my father. Yes was the legal advisor to the Automobile Association
Right and a friend of Ernest Marples who was the transport minister in the 1950s or 60s
My father went with Ernest Marples to help him open Britain's first
roundabout in
Letchworth, Newtown. You are absolutely right
I totally love this. So there's the Arc de Triomphe which inspired Letchworth
You see the red car this is my dad
Can I just recommend to you if he's gone to Letchworth, you know how we like an old museum
Yeah, love it the Garden City collection. It's got the oldest toilet roll in the UK
It's 83 years old unused
Now it's time to take a turn for the worst as we enter the head spinning round that we call general
Ignorance fuss as we can please fingers on buzzers. What can you put on your fish and chips in a chippy?
So with some vinegar not salt and vinegar salt yes, but not vinegar because
It's not vinegar. It's all labeled non brewed condiment
By law, not only can it not be labeled as vinegar
You can't even put it in a receptacle that would usually hold vinegar
Tell that to her on the right
No, it's something it's a combination of water and
Ethanoic acid and flavorings and then it's watered down even further to be served to customers. It's cheaper
It takes less time to make you can buy it in concentrated form. It's a lovely
sauce
No, no, no
In Edinburgh, they have salt and sauce in Glasgow. We have salt and vinegar because we're classy what you don't
Salt a non brewed condiment
All the bottles of vinegar I've ever owned never said vinegar on them
No, if you buy it in a shop and it says vinegar in it it is vinegar
If you say to the fish and chip person, please could you put vinegar on it?
It isn't vinegar. It is in fact non brewed condiment, but weirdly people don't order it like that
But they do from now on I know
I'm absolutely shell shocked by this news
Of all the things you've ever told me on qi
This is the one that's upset. This is the one that's really rocked my world
Yeah, no, so you could put your vinegar that you bought in a shop
So you've got malt vinegar and that is actually made you ferment an ale from malted barley
Much like red wine vinegars actually made from red wine, although it has very little alcohol left in it. Oh, I love red wine
If you ask for vinegar on your fish and chips, you probably won't get it
How many trees are there on the planet compared to 40 years ago?
Giles many more many more many more because they do them in china, don't they giles according to a study in nature
2018 trees now cover seven percent more of the earth's surface than they did in 1982
So that sounds good and nasa says, you know, they want images that show five percent increase in the total area
But it's not a good thing
Because it's china fundamentally that has done this very large
Aforestation project in the world. They've doubled their tree coverage
However, it's forestation for agricultural purposes
Uh, so we are talking about single species of trees. We're talking about uh, unnatural monoculture
You don't get an ecosystem. You don't get wildlife and insects
Yeah, and also lots of trees been planted on unsuitable land and they are basically dying
Who invented the battle technique of blitzkrieg?
Yes, someone giles is related to
No
Blitzkrieg brandress the vermacht german army the germans, uh
The french, uh, so russians british british it was us. Yes pretty much
We named it
So it is a german word blitz lightning and krieg war very rarely used in germany in the 1930s and 40s
Definitely not used by the german leaders
When the blitzkrieg actually happened when they invaded poland in 1939 france in 1941 in fact hitler called it
A completely idiotic word and ganzblutninger wort
It's not often I quote hitler
In fact the germans the success of the blitzkrieg completely surprised them
They thought it was rather a miracle, but it wasn't any uh new innovation
So what happens is there are short sharp attacks on the ground with armored vehicles
And then the air support comes in behind and kind of finishes things off lots of tanks and lots of peaceful undefended villages
That's it
But this kind of uh tank and aircraft warfare since it had been evolving since world war one
So it was not really a new thing
But the british and american press that decided the advance by the germans which surprised everybody including the germans
It had to be a revolutionary new kind of warfare
So they claimed that the man in charge of commanding the mechanized troops, uh, general heins
He was the father of the blitzkrieg
And so lots of publicity in the press and in the end the soldiers on the ground were using it
But it was not a german invention at all. It was just giving it a german name to make it sound
That's it
But to make it sound like they had invented something that would a new technique that would explain why the the allied forces were losing
at that time
Now what goes around comes around and so we're back to revolutions in which month do russians celebrate this revolution?
October
So it is called the october revolution you're absolutely right, but it isn't celebrated in october. It's celebrated in november
Why might that be because it's my birthday and everyone has a party on my birthday
Did they shift the calendar they did shift the calendar that's exactly it
So russia was still using the julian calendar which was 13 days behind
The bolsheviks under lenin revolted on october the 24th and 25th
But it was according to the rest of europe november the 6th and that's my birthday november the 6th. Is it?
Yeah, lenin would have been so pleased
And with these revolutionary revelations we come to the final scores I can tell you
In last place with minus 14. It's alan
In third place with three points susan
Second place with four points jessica
Five points in first place because he is related to the man who invented first place
Oh
Jessica giles susan and alan I leave you with these words from american actress lee grant
Which exposed the real problem with revolutionary ideas?
I've been married to one marxist and one fascist and neither one would take the garbage out
Thank you and good night